FBISE PRACTICAL BASED ASSESMENT (PBA)

BIOLOGY SSC-II

(Curriculum 2006)

Guidelines/instructions for teachers/paper

setters:

i. There will be two Sections in PBA paper. In Section-Athere will be

one question having parts in it. Similarly, in Section-B there will be
one question having parts in it.

ii. In Section-A, Question No. 1 will be based only on one experiment

taken from Part-I of the list of practicals.

iii. In Section-B, Question No. 2 will be based on multiple experiments

taken from Part-II of the list of practicals

iv. Weightage of Part-I practicals is 60% while weightage of Part-II

practicals is 40% in the PBA paper

v. Draw diagram(s) if asked for.

vi. In the new pattern of practicals ie. Practical Based Assessment

(PBA), there will be no marks for practical note books and viva voce.
 However, students may record procedures, observations, apparatus
and calculation ete on any type of plain papers/work
sheets/practical folder for their future memory of all aspects of
practical performance in order to attempt the PBA Examination
amicably

vii. It may be noted that performance of all the prescribed practicals is

mandatory in the laboratories during the whole academic year and
only those students will b able to attempt the PBA who would have
performed the practicals in the laboratories as per requirement of
each practical.
viii. MCQs will not be asked in PBA paper.
ix. The 0.5 mark question will not be asked in any section of PBA paper
able attempt the PBA who will have performed the practicals in the
laboratories per requirement of each practical.

List of Practicals for Biology SSC-II

(Curriculum 2006)

S.No. Part-1 (60% of practical marks --- 6 Marks)

1. Demonstration through experiment of breathing out air into limewater
that carbon dioxide is exhaled during respiration.
2. Demonstration of the presence of tar in cigarette smoke and also by
charts showing pictures of lungs of smokers and nonsmokers
3. Investigation of the conditions for seed germination
4. Recording the heights of class fellows to predict which kind of variation
is it and presentation of the data of class fellows' heights in graphical
form (either histogram or bar chart)
5. Investigation about the role of yeast and bacteria in the fermentation
of flour and milk.

S. No. Part-II (40% of practical marks--- 4

Marks)
1. Activity to compare the breathing rate at rest and after exercise.
 2. Examination of the structure of kidney (sheep kidney / model).
3. Study of bull eye.
4. Observation of binary fission of ameba using slides,photomicrographs
or charts.
5. Observation of budding in yeast from prepared slides.
6. Examination of Mustard flower, Gram seed and Maize grain.

FEDERAL BOARD OF INTERMEDIATE AND

SECONDARY EDUCATION ISLAMABAD

Subject: Biology SSC-II

Paper: Practical Based Assessment (PBA)

Total Marks: 10
Time 45 minutes

Name of Examination:____________________________________

Centre Code:___________________________________________

Date;_________________________________________________

Sig. or You. Supt.:_______________________________________

Instructions for students:

1. Carefully read all the questions and then answer them at the specified
spaces.
2. Use black or blue ball point.

3. Marks are mentioned against all questions in the brackets [].

4. Students may use the last page for rough work (if required).

5. Answer the questions as per given instructions.

FEDERAL BOARD OF INTERMEDIATE AND

SECONDARY EDUCATION H-8/4, ISLAMABAD

150 9001 CERTIFIED

Model Questions Paper Biology SSC-IH

Practical Based Assessment (PBA) (2025)

Total Marks: 10
Time: 45 minutes

SECTION-A
Q1. Carefully observe the following figure showing an experiment:

i. What do you expect to observe when you rub a white tissue paper
on the inner surface of funnel? (01)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
________________________

ii. Name at least four harmful substances found in cigarette smoke?

(02)
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
________________________

iii. Name any two diseases caused by chemicals present in cigarette

smoke? (01)
iv.
v. How can you differentiate between lungs of smokers and non-
smokers from their pictures? Give any two differences (2)
 _____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
___________________________

SECTION-B

Q2 (1) Name and define the process shown in the diagram

(ii) Which type of cell division is involved in this process?

(iii) Identify the labelled parts A and B in the given diagram.

(iv) What is the function of part labelled C in above diagram (given in part
iii)? (01)
 CONTENTS

S.No. Experiment

SECTION A (60% of practical marks ---- 6

Marks)

01: Demonstration, through experiment of breathing out air into lime water,
that carbon dioxide is exhaled during respiration.

02: Demonstration of the presence of tar in cigarette smoke and also by

charts showing pictures of lungs of smokers and non-smokers.

03: Investigation of the conditions for seed germination.

04: Recording the heights of classfellows to predict which kind of variation is
it and presentation of the data of the class fellow's heights in graphical form
(either histogram or bar chart).

05: Investigation about the role of yeast and bacteria in the fermentation of
flour and milk.

SECTION B (40% of practical marks ---- 4

Marks)

01: Activity to compare the breathing rate at rest and after exercise.

02: Examination of the structure of kidney (sheep kidney/model).

03: Study of bull eye.

04: Observation of binary fission of amoeba using slides, photomicrographs

or charts.

05: Observation of budding in yeast from prepared slides.

06: Examination of mustard flower, gram seed and maize grain.

EXPERIMENT: 1: DEEMONSTRATION, THROUGH

EXPERIMENT OF BREATHING OUT AIR INTO LIME WATER,
THAT CARBON DIOXIDE IS EXHALED DURING RESPIRATION

PBA MODEL QUESTIONS

(i) Enlist the apparatus/materials required for the demonstration that

exhaled air contains CO2
 (ii) Look into the Figure I and answer the following questions:

A =What is the colour of lime water, after breathing out?

B =What is the colour of controlled test tube containing lime

water?

C =Which gas is passing through the glass tube?

(iii) Why, when we blow on a burning match stick, it turned off?

(1)

(iv) If a child is blowing in a balloon, do you guess which gasses are

filled in?

(v) Why we release CO, out?

(1)

(vi) What is a lime water?.

(vii) Why lime water turns milky in the presence of CO?

(viii) Where exhaled CO, is used up in the nature?

(ix) What will happen if carbon dioxide is passed through the lime water?

PBA MODEL ANSWERS

(1) Test tubes, test tubes stand, lime water corks, bent glass tube, etc.

(ii) A Lime water milky in colour

B=Colourless

C=Co

(iii) Because of the presence of CO, in the exhaled air, about 4%.

(iv) CO, along with, N, and water vapours.

(v) CO, is produced as a waste product during respiration, it must be exhaled

out as it is toxic and harmful to us.

(vi) A saturated aqueous solution of Ca(OH), is called lime water.

(vii) When lime water (Ca(OH)₂) reacts with CO₂, it turns milky duo to the
formation of white precipitates of CaCO.

(viii) Exhaled CO, (by animals) is used up by autotrophs (plants) in the

process of photosynthesis to prepare carbohydrates.

(ix) The carbon dioxide, when passed through the lime water turns it milky.

EXPERIMENT#2: DEMONSTRATION OF THE

PRESENCE OF TAR IN CIGARETTE SMOKE AND ALSO
BY CHARTS SHOWING PICTURES OF LUNGS OF
SMOKERS AND NON-SMOKERS

PBA MODEL QUESTIONS

 (i) Enlist the apparatus required to demonstrate the presence of tar in
the cigarette smoke.
(ii) Look at the Figure I and answer the following questions

(a) What is collected in the apparatus 'A'?

(b) What will the colour of funnel inside at the end of the experiment?

(iii) What is the colour of tar?

(iv)Why did you put a cotton plug inside the stem of the funnel?

(v) What is the purpose of this experiment?

(vi) Which one of the body organs is directly affected by smoking?

(vii) How active smoking differs from passive smoking?

(viii)Write down problems caused by smoking

(ix)Identify the Figure

A:________________________

B:________________________

(viii) How did you identified lungs of a smoker individual?

(xi) Name the constituents of tobacco smoke

(xii) How does nicotine badly affect the body!

(xiii) What is tar in the tobacco smoke and what are its effects on the lungs?

(xiv) What are the short-term effects of smoking on human lungs, besides
nicotine and tar?

(xv) What are long-term effects of smoking on human body?

EXPERIMENT#3: INVESTIGATION OF THE

CONDITIONS FOR SEED GERMINATION
PBA MODEL QUESTIONS

(i) Look it the figure having test tubes A, B, C and D and answer the
following questions

(a) In which test tube there will be germination of the seeds?

(b) Why not seeds showed germination in A, B and D?

(c) What was the role of pyragilal solution?

(d) What is the role of moist cotton?

(ii). Define germination.

(iii) What are the conditions essential for germination of seed?

(iv) What is the optimum temperature for the germination of seeds of

majority of plants?

(v) What are the kinds of germination of seeds? How do they differ?
(vi) Quote examples of the seeds which show hypogeal and epigeal
germination.

PBA MODEL ANSWERS

(a) In test tube 'C'.

(b) In 'A' there was no moisture available to the seeds.

(c) Pyragallol solution absorbs O, present in the test tube, so germination

was not started.

(d) Moist cotton provided moisture to the seeds, which was necessary for
germination of the seeds.

(ii) The process by which the dormant embryo in the seed renews its growth
and forms a seedling is known as germination.

(iii) These are an adequate supply of water, supply of oxygen and suitable
temperature.

(iv)It is between 25°C and 30°C.

(v) Germination of seeds is of two kinds viz. hypogeal and epigeal. In the
former, the cotyledons remain below the soil whereas in the latter they come
out of the soil.

(vi) Hypogeal germination occurs in the seeds of gram, pea, maize while
epigeal germination takes place in the seeds of castor oil, sunflower and
gourd etc.

EXPERIMENT#4: RECORDING THE HEIGHTS

OF CLASS FELLOWS TO PREDICT WHICH KIND
OF VARIATION IS IT AND PRESENTATION OF
THE DATA OF THE CLASS FELLOW'S HEIGHTS
IN GRAPHICAL FORM (EITHER HISTOGRAM OR
BAR CHART)

PBA MODEL QUESTIONS

(i) How continuously varying traits differ from discontinuously varying

traits?

(ii)Give two examples of continuous traits in man.

iii) Look at the figure and answer following question.

(a) Why bars against 140 cm and 194, 198, 210 cm are smaller as
compare to the measurements of 165, 170, 174 cm?

(b) If the height of both parents is 160 cm. Is it possible that their son may
has height greater than that of both the parents?

(iv) What kind of trait is the human height?

(v) Explain continuously varying traits and quote their examples in living
beings.

(vi) What do you know about the inheritance of continuously varying traits
and what is their inheritance known as?

(vii) What is a histogram?

EXPERIMENT#5: INVESTIGATION ABOUT THE

ROLE OF YEAST AND BACTERIA IN THE
FERMENTATION OF FLOUR AND MILK
 PBA MODEL QUESTIONS

(i) Define fermentation.

(ii) How does fermentation differ in yeast and muscle cells of animals?

(iii) How is yeast commercially important?

(iv) Name the enzyme contained in the yeast.

PBA MODEL ANSWERS

(i)The anaerobic break down of glucose and other organic foods to obtain
energy is called fermentation.

(ii) The end products of fermentation in yeast are ethyl alcohol and carbon
dioxide but in muscle cells it is lactic acid. That is why, the former is called
alcoholic fermentation and the latter as lactic acid fermentation.

(iii) Yeast is used in baking and brewing industries for making bread and wine
respectively.

(iv) It is called zymase.

Part-II
Fermentation of milk by bacteria
PBA MODEL QUESTIONS

(i) Complete the equation:

C6H12O6--C2H5OH+------?+Energy

(ii) What is the role of germinating barley seeds in the experiment?

(iii)Why a boiled then cooled water is added into flour to make the dough?

(IV) Why the dough raised up at the end of experiment?

(v) What is the application of this experiment?

(vi)What causes the milk to become stale or sour?

(vii)Which bacteria are commonly called lactic acid bacteria and why?

(viii) What is the colour of the colonies of streptococcus lactis and

lactobacillus?

(ix)How do the colonies of streptococci lactis and Lactobacilli look like,

besides their colour?

(x)How do the fresh and stale milk differ with respect to the bacterial
population?

(xi)How is lactic acid fermentation useful?

(xii)Where does lactic acid fermentation occur in the bodies of vertebrate

animals?

(xiii) How does refrigeration save milk from bacteria?

xiv) How can the milk be prevented from being stale (sour) without using the
refrigerator.

PBA MODEL ANSWERS

(1) Complete the equation

C6H12O6------ C2H5OH+CO2+Energy

(ii) Germinating barley seeds are rich source of enzyme zymase/armylase,

which is used to catabolise the carbohydrates/starch

(iii)The water is boiled to remove O, from it, so that the conditions may be
made anaerobic

(iv)As there is anaerobic respiration process of fermentation of starch in

which CO, is produced as a byproduct. This CO, evolves causing production
of cavities and making the dough spongy and raised up

(v) The fermentation process is used in bakery to produce bun, cake, rusk,
bread etc

(vi)The lactic acid produced by the lactobacillus causes the milk proteins to
clot and thus milk becomes stale or sour.
(vii) Streptococcus lactis and lactobacillus are commonly called lactic acid
bacteria because they produce lactic acid during fermentation of milk sugar
(lactose)

(viii) It is chalky-white

(ix) The colony of streptococcus lactis is smooth-textured with entire edge

whereas that of Lactobacillus has a rough surface texture with irregular
edges.

(x) The stale milk has more bacterial population than the fresh milk.

(xi) Lactic acid fermentation is useful in producing dairy products like cheese
and yogurt etc

(x) It occurs in the skeletal muscle cells during extreme physical activities on
account of deficient supply of oxygen in them.

(xii) The low temperature maintained in the refrigerator (4°C) allows only a
very slow reproduction of bacteria and thus saves the milk from them.

(xiv) This can be done by using the technique of pasteurization in which the
milk is heated at 62°C for 32 minutes or at 71°C for 15 seconds so as to kill
the bacteria.

PBA MODEL QUESTIONS

(1)Why the milk was boiled in the start of the experiment?

(ii)Which bacteria were inoculated to study fermentation of milk?

(iii)Write down the equation of fermentation of the milk to curd.

(iv)To (xii) copy paste from notebook Page #56.

PBA MODEL ANSWERS

(i)The milk was boiled to kill all the pre-existing bacteria.

(ii) Lactobacilli and streptococci.

(ii) C6H12O6----------- (C₂H₂O₃)

 (Glucose) (Lactic acid)

(iv) To (xii) copy paste from notebook

Section B
(40% of practical marks ... 4
Marks)

EXPERIMENT#1: ACTIVITY TO COMPARE THE

BREATHING RATE AT REST AND AFTER
EXERCISE

PBA MODEL QUESTIONS

(i)How breathing differs from respiration?

(ii)Give the names of gases inhaled or exhaled during breathing.

(iii)Why we absorb O, and exhale CO2?

(iv)Give the name of our respiratory/breathing system and its different

organs.

(v) Why we should breath through nostrils instead of mouth?

(vi) Give the name of respiratory organs is Fish, Frog. Birds and Man.
(vii) What is the normal rate of breathing per minute of a young person?

(viii) Define breathing

(ix) What is the effect of exercise on the rate of human breathing?

(x)How does the rate of breathing change after strenuous exercise as

compared with that after mild exercise?

(xi) How can the breathing rate of a non-athlete be compared with that of an
athlete?

(xii) How do males and the females differ as regards their breathing rate?

(xiii) What is the major factor that controls the breathing rate?

(xiv)Why does the breathing become faster and deeper after exercise?

(xv) Write equation of respiration.

(xvi) A 15-20. B = 30-35

(xvi)Fill in the table with expected readings/values:

Breathing rate Breathing rate Breathing grate

per minute at per minute after per minute after a
rest mild exercise hard exercise

A 21-25 B
________? __________?

PBA MODEL ANSWERS

(i) Breathing is a body level process in which exchange of gases

occurs, whereas respiration is a cellular process I which oxidation of
glucose occurs and energy is produced in the form of ATP
(ii) Inhaled Gases: O2, N2, CO2 ( from these, only O2 is absorbed by our
alveoli( lungs).
Exhaled Gases: CO2, N2.
(iii) As O2 is used up in repiration, so it is absorbed by the blood, from
air. CO2 is produced as a waste product from respiration, and it is
toxic, so it must be released / exhaled out.
(iv) Breathing system of man, icludes nose. Trachea. Lungs Alveoli etc
(v) We should breath through nostrils because:
 Air is filtered due to the presence of air and mucous inside
 Temperature is maintained as air moves to lungs travelling
through nasal cavities.
(vi) Fish-Gills Frog =Skin lungs

Bird= Lungs Man=Lungs

(vii) It is variable in different persons but is normally and usually around

15 to 20 breaths per minute.
(viii) Breathing is taking in of oxygen into the lungs and giving out of
carbon dioxide.
(ix) The rate of breathing increases after exercise
(x) The breathing rate increases and this increase is greater than that
after mild exercise.
(xi) The breathing rate of an athlete is slower and deeper than that of a
non-athlete, both at rest as well as after exercise.
(xii) The females have slower rate of breathing than the males
(xiii) It is the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood. The greater
the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood, the greater is the rate of
breathing
(xiv) More energy is required during exercise and hence metabolic
activity (oxidation of glucose) is increased in the muscle cells.
Consequently, more CO2 is produced and passed into the blood to
increase the rate and depth of breathing.
(xv) The reaction is:

C6H12O6 + 12H2O---------6CO2 +602 +6H2O + Energy

(Glucose)

(xvi) A=15-20 times

B=30-35 times.
 EXPERIMENT#2: EXAMINATION OF THE
STRUCTURE OF KIDNEY (SHEEP KIDNEY /
MODEL)

PBA MODEL QUESTIONS

(i) Give the name of different organs of excretory system of mammals

(ii) Identify the labeled parts A, B, C and D in the Figure I
(iii) Give the function of A, B, C and D in the above figure.
(iv) How many kidney are found in a mammals?
(v) Identify the Figure 2 and its labelling A,B,C.D.E.F

(vi) Draw a sketch of a nephron

(vii) Identify the labelled parts A,B,C,D and in the figure (above
sketched)
(viii) What is the function of excretory system?
(ix) What may happens if our kidneys stop working!?
(x) What in diaphragm in mammals?
(xi) Name the ducts which convey urine from the kidneys to the urinary
bladder
(xii) Differentiate between the cortex and the medulla of a mammalian
kidney
(xiii) What do you know about the hilus in a mammalian kidney!?
(xiv) Explain pelvis and pyramids in the kidney of a mammal.
(xv) Name the unit of structure and function of the kidney What are its
parts?
(xvi) What other names can be assigned to the nephrons?
 (xvii) What is Bowman's capsule in the kidney?
(xviii) Describe glomerulus in the kidney
(xix) Explain Henle's loop in a mammalian kidney
(xx) What are the shape and colour of the human or mammalian
kidneys?
(xxi) Name the arteries and the veins leading to kidneys.
(xxii) What does renal corpuscle mean, in the mammalian kidney

PBA MODEL ANSWERS

(i) Kidneys Ureter Urinary bladder Urethra

(ii) A=Kidney, B=Ureter, C= Urinary bladder, D= Urethra
(iii) Kidney= to filter the blood and produce urine
Ureter= to carry the urine from kidney to urinary bladder
Urinary bladder= to store the urine
Urethra= to excrete urine out of the body
(iv) One pair
(v) A= Cortex, B=Medulla C Renal artery, D=Renal vein, E=Ureter,
F=pyramid
(vi) Figure is

(vii) A-Glamerulus Bowman's capsule. C. Loop of Henle

D=Blood vessels E-Collecting duct

(viii) To separate the metabolic wastes from the blood and excrete them
out from the body
(ix) In kidney failure, blood is not filtered and toxic wastes (NH, Urea
etc) remains in the blood leading to the cause of fatal problems
(x) Diaphragm is a muscular partition which divides the body cavity
into two cavities viz the thoracic cavity and the abdominal cavity
(xi) Their names are the ureters.
(xii) ) The cortex is the outer dark-red part of the mammalian kidney
whereas the medulla is its thicker and paler inner part
(xiii) A concavity on the inner side of the mammalian kidney is called
hilus
(xiv) The funnel-shaped enlarged anterior end of the ureter within the
medulla of the kidney is known as the pelvis, while the lobes of the
pelvis are called as the pyramids which receive collecting ducts.
(xv) It is the nephron. Its parts are the Bowman's capsule,glomerulus
and loop of henle
(xvi) These are the uriniferous tubules or urinary tubules or renal tubules
(xvii) The proximal blind end of each nephron is invaginated to form a
double-walled cup which is known as the Bowman's capsule.
(xviii) Amass of blood capillaries lying in the Bowman's capsule is called
glomerulus.
(xix) The part of the nephron which bends upon itself to form a 'u'-
shaped structure is referred to as the Henle's loop.
(xx) The human kidneys are bean-shaped and dark reddish-brown in
colour
(xxi) These are the renal (Gr. Renum, kidney) arteries and renal veins.
(xxii) The Bowman's capsule and the glomerulus in the mammalian
kidney are collectively called renal corpuscle.

EXPERIMENT#3: STUDY OF BULL EYE

PBA MODEL QUESTIONS

(i) Identify the structure and its labelled parts as 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F',
'G', 'H', 'l'
(ii) Name the layers which constitute the wall of the mammalian
eyeball.
(iii) Where is the image of the outside object received!
(iv) Which part of the human eye can change its shape and why?
(v) How can the size of the pupil of eye be altered for receiving required
intensity of light?
(vi) What is cornea?
(vii) What structure holds the lens in position?
(viii) What are the light-sensitive cells of retina known as!
(ix) Why blind spot of the human eye is called so?
(x) What is yellow spot (fovea) in the human eye?
(xi) What are iris and pupil in the mammalian eye?
(xii) How does eye lens of man look like?
(xiii) Name the cranial nerve which supplies the eye.
(xiv) What are aqueous and vitreous humour in the mammalian eye.

PBA MODEL ANSWERS

(i) A= Lens,B= Aqueous humour C= Cornea D= Optic nerve, E=Vitrous

humour, F=Blind spot, G=Sclera, H=Choroid, I= Retina
(ii) These are from out to inwards sclera, choroid and retina
(iii) It is received on the retina
(iv) The lens can change its shape for accommodating objects of
different distances,
(v) The size of the pupil can be altered with the help of circular and
radial muscle fibres of the iris
(vi) It is the front transparent and slightly bulged part of the sclerotic
layer.
(vii) It is the suspensory ligament which holds the lens in position
 (viii) These are known as the rods and cones
(ix) It is called blind spot because it cannot receive the light rays due to
absence of sensitive cells
(x) It is a slight oval depression on the retina opposite the centre of the
pupil it is the point of the most distinct vision
(xi) The iris is a muscular diaphragm formed by bending in of choroid
layer from all round. The pupil an aperture in the centre of the iris
through which light enters the eye.
(xii) It looks biconvex
(xiii) It is called optic nerve
(xiv) Aqueous humour is a watery fluid filled in the space between the
iris and the cornea which known as the anterior chamber. The
vitreous humour is a jelly-like substance filled in the spa between
the lens and the retina which is called as the posterior chamber

EXPERIMENT#4: OBSERVATION OF BINARY

FISSION OF AMOEBA USING SLIDES,
PHOTOMICROGRAPHS OR CHARTS

PBA MODEL QUESTIONS

(i) Look at the figure given, and answer the following questions
(a) What is happening in the whole Figure D?

(b) What is shown in A.Band C

(ii) Give another example of an organism which shows binary fission

(iii) Is binary fission sexual reproduction or asexual reproduction!?

(iv) What are two steps in binary fission?
(v) Define binary fission.
(vi) What does Amoeba do at the beginning of binary fission?
(vii) How does binary fission differ from typical mitosis?
(viii) How do the daughter Amoebae differ from the parent Amoebae?

PBA MODEL ANSWERS

(i) (a) Binary fission in amoeba (b) Nucleus divides (A) Cytoplasm
divides (B) Daughter cells (C)
(ii) Bacteria, etc.
(iii) Asexual reproduction
(iv) Two steps (a) Division of the nucleus (b) Division of
cytoplasm
(v) The binary fission is the method of asexual reproduction in
unicellular organisms in which the nucleus and then the cytoplasm
split resulting in the production of two daughter individuals exactly
similar to the parent.
(vi) Amoeba withdraws its pseudopodia and becomes spherical in
shape
(vii) Binary fission differs from the typical mitosis in the respect that in
this process neither the nuclear ( membrane disappears nor the
spindle is formed.
(viii) The daughter Amoebae differ from the parent only in being smaller
than it.

EXPERIMENT#5: OBSERVATION OF BUDDING

IN YEAST FROM PREPARED SLIDES
PBA MODEL QUESTIONS
(i) Identify the figure, what is happening?

(ii) What is the group of yeast?

(iii) Give the characteristics of yeast.
(iv) Is budding sexual or asexual way of reproduction?
(v) Does a new bud remains attached with the parent cell or gets
separated?
(vi) How does yeast commonly reproduce?
(vii) What is a bud in yeast?
(viii) Does yeast reproduce only asexually?

PBA MODEL ANSWERS

(i) A yeast cell showing budding process.

(ii) Ascomycota/ Fungi
(iii) Yeast is a unicellular fungus. It divides asexually by budding
(iv) Asexual way
(v) It may or may not remain attached.
(vi) Yeast reproduces commonly by budding kind of asexual
reproduction.
(vii) Bud is an outgrowth formed on the cell body of the yeast at the time
of asexual reproduction
(viii) No. Yeast can also reproduce sexually.

EXPERIMENT#6: EXAMINATION OF MUSTARD

FLOWER, GRAM SEED AND MAIZE GRAIN)
 PBA MODEL QUESTIONS

(i) Identify different part of a lower in the figure.A.BCDEFGH

(ii) Give the name of non-reproductive parts of a flower

(iii) Give the name of male and female part of a flower
(iv) Where pollen grains are produced?
(v) Which part of the flower is converted to the fruit?
(vi) Which part of the flower is colourful and attractive?

PBA MODEL ANSWERS

(i) A=VS of a flower of mustard plant, B = Sepals. C = Petal, D =

Ovary, E = Filament, F=Anther, G Stoma, H = Style
(ii) Sepals and petals
(iii) Male Stamens (Androaceum) Female Carpals (Gynoeceum)
(iv) In the anthers part of stamens
(v) Ovary
(vi) Petals

Part-II
PBA MODEL QUESTIONS
(i) Identify the Figure Band its labelled part C.DE

(ii) Identify the Figure Band its labelled parts C.DE

(iii)

(iv) What is the function of seed coat?

(v) Where is food stored in the seeds?
(vi) What is the original source of food found in the seeds?
(vii) What does hilum represent? Do we have an analogous scar on our
body?
(viii) What are the kinds of seeds on the basis of the number of
cotyledons in them?
(ix) Whatare the usual parts of the embryo of a seed?
(x) Why is it called grain and not seed of maiz?
(xi) When structures of the plant are produced from the redicle and the
plumule of the seed?
(xii) From where does the water enter the seed when it is sown in the
soil and watered?
(xiii) What is the nature of the flood stored in the endosperm of the grain
of maize?
(xiv) What does a dicotyledonous and non-endospermic seed mean?
Quote an example
(xv) How many cotyledons are found in maize seed?
(xvi) What is the function of coleorhiza and coleoptile in the maize grain?
(xvii) How is the position of the embryo marked in maize grain?
(xviii) Define seed

PBA MODEL ANSWERS

(i) B=L.S of a seed of maize. C=Testa/seed coat, D= Endosperm,
E=Coleoptile
(ii) LS of a gram seed (A) B=Cotyledons, C=Radicle. D=Stalk, E=
Plumule
(iii) It protects the internal embryo
(iv) In the endosperms In the non-endospermic seeds, the food is stored
in the cotyledons whereas in the endospermic ones, it is stored in
the endosperm.
(v) The original source of this food is the ovule in the ovary of flower.
(vi) The hilum represents the place where the seed was originally
attached to the fruit wall by means of a stalk. We have an
analogous scar on our belly known as the navel.
(vii) The seeds may one be dicotyledonous or monocotyledonous on the
basis of having two cotyledons or one.
(viii) The usual parts of the embryo of a seed are the radicle, the
hypocotyl, the epicotyl, the plum and the cotyledon/s.
(ix) It is actually the fruit of maize containing one seed in which the
fruit wall (pericarp) and the s coat are inseparably fused together
For this reason it is called grain.
(x) The root is produced from the radicle and the shoot from the
plumule
(xi) The water enters the seed through the micropyle
(xii) It is the starch.
(xiii) A seed having two cotyledons and no endosperm is called
dicotyledonous and non-endosper The example is the pea seed
(also seeds of gram and bean etc.).
(xiv) Maize seed has one cotyledon. also called scutellum.
(xv) The coleorhiza protects the radicle and the coleoptile protects the
plumule.
(xvi) A light coloured oval area towards the pointed end, on one side
marks the position of the internal embryo.
(xvii) Seed is the structure that develops from the fentilized ovule in seed
plants.