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Assignment 03 powerplant

The document outlines an assignment for a course on Power Plants, detailing six questions related to cogeneration systems and thermodynamic cycles. Each question requires calculations involving steam properties, power production, and heat supply rates under various operational scenarios. The assignment emphasizes isentropic processes and includes diagrams for clarity.

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khuzaimaijazf21
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56 views

Assignment 03 powerplant

The document outlines an assignment for a course on Power Plants, detailing six questions related to cogeneration systems and thermodynamic cycles. Each question requires calculations involving steam properties, power production, and heat supply rates under various operational scenarios. The assignment emphasizes isentropic processes and includes diagrams for clarity.

Uploaded by

khuzaimaijazf21
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Department of Mechanical Engineering

National University of Technology ME


4336 – Power Plants
Assignment 03
Submission Deadline: 10-04-2025 Total Marks: 60
[CLO-1, C-6, PLO-3]

Q.1. Consider the cogeneration plant shown in Fig. 1. Steam enters the turbine at 7 MPa and 500°C. Some
steam is extracted from the turbine at 500 kPa for process heating. The remaining steam continues to expand
to 5 kPa. Steam is then condensed at constant pressure and pumped to the boiler pressure of 7 MPa. At times
of high demand for process heat, some steam leaving the boiler is throttled to 500 kPa and is routed to the
process heater. The extraction fractions are adjusted so that steam leaves the process heater as a saturated
liquid at 500 kPa. It is subsequently pumped to 7 MPa. The mass flow rate of steam through the boiler is 15
kg/s. Disregarding any pressure drops and heat losses in the piping and assuming the turbine and the pump
to be isentropic, determine (a) the maximum rate at which process heat can be supplied, (b) the power
produced and the utilization factor when no process heat is supplied, and (c) the rate of process heat supply
when 10 percent of the steam is extracted before it enters the turbine and 70 percent of the steam is extracted
from the turbine at 500 kPa for process heating.

Fig. 1

Q.2. Steam enters the turbine of a cogeneration plant at 4 MPa and 500 oC. One-fourth of the steam is
extracted from the turbine at 1200-kPa pressure for process heating. The remaining steam continues to
expand to 10 kPa. The extracted steam is then condensed and mixed with feedwater at constant pressure and

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the mixture is pumped to the boiler pressure of 7 MPa. The mass flow rate of steam through the boiler is 55
kg/s. Disregarding any pressure drops and heat losses in the piping, and assuming the turbine and the pump
to be isentropic, determine the net power produced and the utilization factor of the plant.

Fig. 2

Q.3. Steam is generated in the boiler of a cogeneration plant at 10 MPa and 450 oC at a steady rate of 5 kg/s.
In normal operation, steam expands in a turbine to a pressure of 0.5 MPa and is then routed to the process
heater, where it supplies the process heat. Steam leaves the process heater as a saturated liquid and is
pumped to the boiler pressure. In this mode, no steam passes through the condenser, which operates at 20
kPa.

(a) Determine the power produced and the rate at which process heat is supplied in this mode.

(b) Determine the power produced and the rate of process heat supplied if only 60 percent of the steam is
routed to the process heater and the remainder is expanded to the condenser pressure.

Q.4. Consider a cogeneration power plant modified with regeneration. Steam enters the turbine at
9 MPa and 4008C and expands to a pressure of 1.6 MPa. At this pressure, 35 percent of the steam is
extracted from the turbine, and the remainder expands to 10 kPa. Part of the extracted steam is used
to heat the feedwater in an open feedwater heater. The rest of the extracted steam is used for process
heating and leaves the process heater as a saturated liquid at 1.6 MPa. It is subsequently mixed with
the feedwater leaving the feedwater heater, and the mixture is pumped to the boiler pressure.
Assuming the turbines and the pumps to be isentropic, show the cycle on a T-s diagram with respect
to saturation lines, and determine the mass flow rate of steam through the boiler for a net power
output of 25 MW.
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Fig. 3

Q.5. A 15 kg/s steady supply of saturated-vapor steam at 500 kPa is required for drying a wood
pulp slurry in a paper mill (see Fig. 4). It is decided to supply this steam by cogeneration; that is, the
steam supply will be the exhaust from a steam turbine. Water at 20 C, 100 kPa is pumped to a
pressure of 5 MPa and then fed to a steam generator with an exit at 400 C. What is the additional
heat transfer rate to the steam generator beyond what would have been required to produce only the
desired steam supply? What is the difference in net power?

Fig. 4

Q.6. A smaller power plant produces 25 kg/s steam at 3 MPa, 600 C in the boiler. It cools the
condenser to an exit temperature of 45 C, and the cycle is shown in Fig. 5. An extraction is done at
500 kPa to an open FWH; in addition, a steam supply of 5 kg/s is taken out and not returned. The
missing 5 kg/s water is added to the FWH from a 20 C, 500 kPa source. Find the extraction flow rate
needed to cover both the FWH and the steam supply. Find the total turbine power output.

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Fig. 5

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