One-variable data: distributions and measures of center and spread

197 199

Student Population at Greendale School Number of Questions Correct on Math Exam

Grade Number of Students

Number Correct Frequency
2nd 74
31-40 3
3rd 73 41-50 6

4th 81 51-60 7

5th 90 61-70 9

6th 75 71-80 3

81-90 4
7th 82
91-100 2

Based on the data in the table above, what grade

would the median number of students be in atl Which measures of central tendency in this set of
Greendale School be? data have the greater values?

A) Median and Mean

B) Median and Mode

C) Mode and Mean

198 D) It cannot be determined

The table below represents the number of species

ofbutterfly found in parks over two different
scasons

200
Spring Summer

Park A 32 22
A flock of geese flies south for the winter. Iftheir
Park B 16 10
journey is 2,365 miles and they take 3.75 days
Park C 17 20
to complete the journey, what was their average
Park D 40 32 speed in miles per hour? Round your answer to
Park E 23 17 the nearest tenth.

What is the difference in the average number of A) 26.3 mph

butterflies in the parks per season?
B) 260.2 mph

A) 5.4 C) 315.3 mph

B) 15.1 D) 630.7 mph

C) 20.2

D) 25.1

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 PROBLEM-SOLVING AND DATA ANALYSIS

201 204

-4, 12, y, 108, -324 A research assistant collected 11 rocks and

weighed them and rounded off their masses to

A sequence of 5 integers (which follow a pattern) the nearest whole number. The masses of the 11
is shown above, where y represents the median rocks in kilograms are shown below.
value. What is the average of the first 4 integers?
23, 34, 54, 22, 25, 43, 36, 29, 14, 51, 21

If a rock that weighs 11 kgs is added to the study,

which of the following statements is true about
the study?
202

A) The mean and the range will decrease after

What is the mean for the data set below? the mass is added.

13, 12, 18,10, 11, 9, 15, 18, 11 B) The mean and the range will increase after
the mass is added.

A) 9 C) The mean and the range will not change after

the mass is added
B) 13

C) 12 D) The mean will decrease but the range will

increase after the mass is added.
D) 18

205
203
What is the difference between the mean and the

The average score of 30 students on a test is 78%. median of the data set below?
If the score of the student who scored lowest
is removed, what would happen to the average
score ofthe remaining students?

A) The average score of the remaining students

remains the same.

B) The average score ofthe remaining students

decreases. 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

C) The average score of the remaining students

increases.

D) There isn't enough information to make a

conclusion on the change in the average
score.

Digital SAT Math Practice Questions 134

 One-variable data: distributions and measures of center and spread

206 208

Data set A A math teacher increased his students' scores by

12. Which of the following would increase after
this change?

I. Mean

II. Median

III. Range
IV. Standard deviation

13 14 15 16 18 19 20
17 A) I and IШ

Data set B
B) I and II

C) None of the above

D) All of the above

209

13 14 15 16 18 19 20
17
CLASS BUCK CLASS MOW
100-80 1 4
Which of the following statements is true about
the two data sets above? 80-60 8 9

60-40 6 2

A) The standard deviation of data set A is 40-20 1 1

greater than that of data set B.

The data above represents how Class Buck and
B) The standard deviation of data set B is
Class Mow performed in their midterm results.
greater than that of data set A.
Which of the following cannot be true about the
C) The standard deviation of data set A is equal two classes represented in the table above?
to the standard deviation of data set B.
A) The median of Class Buck and Class Mow is
D) There isn't enough information to conclude
73.5%.
about the standard deviation of the two data
sets. B) The mean of Class Mow is greater than the
mean of Class Buck.

C) The standard deviation of Class Mow is

higher than the standard deviation of Class
Buck.
207
D) The median of Class Buck is 57.6%.

What is the mean of the ungrouped data below:

32, 43, 54, 56, 36,59, 56

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 Two-variable data: models and scatterplots

210 211

Cell Growth 1.6

1.4
18

16
0.8 -School A
0.6 -School B
14
0.4

3 02
8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Year since 2010

The graph above represents the approximate cost

の

of textbooks in college for two different schools.

2 Between which years was the cost oftextbooks

equal at both schools?
0
0 0.5 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
A) 2013-2014
Time (hours)
B) 2014-2015
According to the data in the graph off(x) above,
how many hours have passed when f(x) = 1?
C) 2015-2016

D) 2016-2017

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 PROBLEM-SOLVING AND DATA ANALYSIS

216 217

The temperature in town A is recorded for ten Which of the following best describes the
days and represented in the scatter plot below. equation of the line of best fit?
Temp n celcias

-10-

0
Time in days

이 10 -15

-5

For how many days actual temperatures does the A) y-3x +2.8

line of best fit predict a higher temperature? B) y1.1x-2.8

C) y=2.1x - 2.4

D) y=-1.2x-2.8

Digital SAT Math Practice Questions 142

 Two-variable data: models and scatterplots

218 220

Which of the following is the equation that best 700

represents the graph below? 600

500
400

300

200

100
10-

Hour 1 Hour 2 Hour 3 Hour 4 Hour 5

Lisa and Vivian hike a trail one afternoon. The

graph above shows the distance they traveled
0 10 over time. At which interval do Lisa and Vivian

hike at the slowest speed?

A) Between hours 1-2

B) Between hours 2-3

A) y=3(1.5)
C) Between hours 3-4
B) y = 0.85(1.2)
D) Between hours 4-5
C) y = 0.85(0.2)

D) y= 1.2(0.85)2

219

The graph below represents the model f(x).What

is the value off(3.5) that is predicted by the line
of best fit?

10-

이 10

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 PROBLEM-SOLVING AND DATA ANALYSIS

221 222

Number 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 160,000

of Points 140,000
120,000
Jerome 2 1 이 1 3 0011 이
100,000
80,000
Matilda 4 0 0 3 1 0 이 1 이 0
60,000
40,000
Jerome and Matilda areeplaying darts. There 20,000
are 10 different point sections on the board and 0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Jerome and Matilda have already played 9 of
their 10 darts in this game. The information is
represented in the table above. IfJerome hits The graph above represents the average salary
the 70-point spot on his final dart, what must as it corresponds to the distance from the city
Matilda score to beat Jerome? center. According to the graph, which value is
closest to the average salary at 1.75 miles from
A) 100 the city center?

B) 90
A) $60,000
C) 80
B) $70,000
D) Not possible given her current score
C) $90,000

D) $120,000

Digital SAT Math Practice Questionus 144

 Two-variable data: models and scatterplots

223

Year Drivers Licenses

2000 141,000
2002 137,000

2005 133,000

2006 127,000

2011 102,000
2014 91,800

Using the table above, a regression analysis

between the number of drivers Licenses issued

in Humble, Texas and the year resulted in the

following equation: y = -3,725x +7,596,500.

According to the regression equation:

A) There is a decrease in the number of drivers

licenses issued since the year 2000.

B) There is an increase in the number of drivers

licenses issued since the ycar 2000.

C) There is no evidence of an increase or

decrease in the number of drivers licenses

issued since the year 2000.

D) There is no decrease or increase in the

number of drivers licenses issued since the

year 2000.

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 Probability and conditional probability

224 226

Mary has a jarof different flavored candies. She 0-5 6-10 11-15 Total
has 47 total pieces, including 16 chocolates and hours hours hours hours
17 peppermint-flavored candies. If she also has a Grade 10 21 16 25 62
third type of candy, which are caramel flavored, Grade 11 15 17 35 67
what is the probability that Mary will NOT
Total 36 33 60
choose a caramel candy from the jar?
Students
16
A)
47 According to the data in the table above, if one
was to choose a student at random from grade
17
B) 10, what is the probability that the student
47
studied at least 6 hours a night?
14
C
47

33
D)
47

227

Declared Non- Total

225 Pre-Med Majors
Majors
Took a Did not take Total Passed 204 150 354
gap year a gap year
Biology 101
Freshman 37 75 112
Did Not Pass 32 55 87
Sophomore 21 62 83
Biology 101
Junior 40 60 100
Total 236 205 441
Senior 15 82 97
Total 113 279 392 The table above shows the pass/fail results of a
class of Biology 101 students, which includes
The table above includes the results of a survey of Pre- Med majors and some Non-Major students.
students at a school who took a gap year.
If a single student is chosen from the full class,
If a student is randomly chosen from the what is the probability that they are a Non-Major
freshman and sophomore, what is the probability student who passed the exam?
that the student took a gap year (round it to the
150
nearest tenth decimal)? A)
441

204
B)
441

32
C)
441

87
D)
441

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 Probability and conditional probability

232 234

A chocolate box has 3 flavors: Mango, White, and A bag has p blue-only marbles, g red-only
Dark chocolate. There are 12 pieces of each flavor marbles, and f marbles that are both red and
inside the box. Marie takes a mango-flavored blue. What is the probability that Amber picks a

chocolate. What is the probability that she would marble that has the color red?
pick a mango-flavored chocolate a second time?
A)
8+S
1
8+f+p
A) 3

B)
p+S
11
B)
36
8+f+p

4 P
C)
C) g+f+p
11

11 D)
D)
35 g+f+p

235
233

The probability that Goldie carries umbrella

A fair coin is flipped 9 times. It lands on tails
an

5 times and on heads 4 times. What is the during a certain week is 0.45. During that week,
the probability that it would not rain was 0.2.
probability of flipping a head on the 10th time?
What is the probability that Goldie carries an

umbrella on a rainy day?

A) 0.45

B) 0.8

C) 0.36

D) 0.55

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 Inference from sample statistics and margin of error

236 239

An IT company selected 1,000 employees A botanist found that the average height of a

randomly. If p = 0.9, or 90% were in favor of Moringa tree is 34.6 feet. The estimated margin
4-day-weeks. The standard error of p (the of error in the study was 1.2 feet. Which of
sample proportion) rounded to the nearest the following statements best represents the
thousandth is given by? information given?

A) 0.009 A) The trees have an average height of 35.68

feet.
B) 0.081

C) 0.064 B) All Moringa trees have a height between 33.4

feet and 35.8 feet.
D) 0.049
C) The average height of a Moringa tree lies
between 33.4 feet and 35.8 feet.

D) All Moringa trees in the study have a height

between 33.4 feet and 35.8 feet.

237

In a random sample of 300 widgets, 4 are

defective. Using this data, how many ofthe

12,000 widgets would one estimate to be 240
defective?
The average weight of high school students in a
class is 147.8 lbs. The maximum average weight
ofthe high school students was 160 lbs and the
minimum weight is 135.6 lbs. What is
average
the margin of error associated with the average
238 weight of high school students?

A random sample of 10,000 employees was

asked whether they had the habit of smoking.

Fourteen percent of the 10,000 employees said
they had. Which one of the following statements
about the number 0.14 is correct?

A) It is a sample proportion.

B) It is a population proportion.

C) It is a margin of error.

D) It is a randomly chosen number.

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 PROBLEM-SOLVING AND DATA ANALYSIS

241 243

A study was conducted on 20 students at an SAT A study was conducted on how many
prep center to find the average SAT score. Which teachers in an elementary school in city A
of the following statements would reduce the hada postgraduate diploma. The teachers that
margin of error? participated in the study were chosen randomly.
The study showed that 28 out of the 35 teachers

A) Increasing the sample of students from the have a postgraduate diploma.Which ofthe
SAT test prep center following can best be concluded from the given
information?
B) Increasing the sample of students from
students at a nearby SAT prep center
A) 80% of teachers in city A have a postgraduate
C) Decreasing the sample size of students from diploma.
the SAT test prep center
B) 80% of teachers in cities have a postgraduate
D) Conducting the study with the top ten diploma.
students at the SAT test prep center
C) 80% of teachers in clementary school have a
postgraduate diploma.

D) Nothing can be concluded from the study.

242

A representative sample of households in City X

are surveyed. The survey shows that 17.8% of the 244

houscholds in the sample have cars. If City X has

a total of 21,000 households, approximately how 100 residents in town X were surveyed. 56% of
many of them have cars? the respondents voted yes to building a park in
the middle of the town. The town's population
A) 2,100 is 60,000. Which of the following is the best
conclusion drawn from the given information?
B) 1,869

C) 3,738 A) An estimated 26,400 of the population of

D) 7,496 town X would vote yes to building a park in
the middle of the town.

B) An estimated 33,600 of the population of

town X would vote yes to building a park in
the middle of the town.

C) An estimated 33,600 of the population of

town X would vote no to building a park in
the middle of the town.

D) Of the surveyed, 56 voted no to building a

park in the middle of the town.

Digital SAT Math Practice Questions 156

 Evaluating statistical claims: observational studies and experiments

245 246

A study took a group of students and randomly A random survey took a sample of 1,800 patients
divided them into two groups. The first group who were going for surgery and advised 1,000

contained 1,000 students and the second 600 of them to take a particular medicine for a week
students. One group was told to wake up early before the surgery day. For the rest 800, the
in the morning and study, while the other group medicine was not given. They also collected
was told not to wake up early in the morning. the data about the quick healing (healing before
Researchers then compared how each group got three days) of patients who took the medicine
grades on the class test. Out of 1,000 students for a week. Out of the 1,000 patients who took
in the first group, 852 students improved their the medicine, quick healing was observed in 808
grades and in the second group, 48 improved patients, and out of the 800 patients who did not
their grades. What conclusion can be drawn take the medicine, quick healing was observed
from this experiment? only in 72 patients. What conclusion can be
drawn fromthis experiment?
(I) Most students who did not wake up early 1. Most patients who did not take the medicine
improved their grades.
were healed quickly.
2. Most patients who did not take the medicine
(II) Most students who did not wake up carly
were not healed quickly.
have not improved their grades
3. Most patients who took the medicine were
(III) Most students who wake up carly have healed quickly.
improved their grades.
A) Ialone is true
A) Ialone is true
B) IIalone is true
B) I and II are true
C) I and III are true
C) I and III are true
D) II and III are true
D) II and III are true

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 Evaluating statistical claims: observational studies and experiments

249

A fitness company has a running drink, which

is consumed by 10 runners in the race. 7 of the
10 runners performed significantly better in
their races compared to other runners who did

not consume the drink. Which of the following

statements can best be concluded about the
running drink?

A) The drink helps all runners perform better in

their races.

B) To perform better in races, runners should

take the running drink.
C) The running drink cannot be linked to the

runner's performance.

D) The running drink improves the running

performance of some of the runners.

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