REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

Male Reproductive system

Female Reproductive System

 Name the following:
1. The pituitary hormone which stimulates contraction of uterus during child birth.
2. A membrane covering the embryo.
3. The fluid that protects the growing embryo.
4. Non-identical twins produced by the fertilization of two eggs.
5. The mucous membrane lining of the uterus.
6.The structure that produces testosterone.
7. The fully developed part of ovary containing mature egg.
8. The accessory gland in human male whose secretion activates the sperms.
9. The tubular knot fitting like a cap on the upper side of the testis.
10. The period for which the foetus remains inside the uterus.
11. The process of delivery of child.
12. The site of production of sperm in man.
13. The term used for the stoppage of menstruation
14. The process of fusion of male and female gametes.
15. A muscular wall into which the testis descend.
16. The male copulatory organ.
17. The innermost foetal membrane which secretes amniotic fluid.
18. Two substances that diffuse out of the foetus into the placenta.
19. A hollow pear-shaped muscular organ where embryo develops.
20. A female gonad responsible for the production of ova.
21. The male hormone produced by the interstitial cells
22. The harmone that stimulates development of secondary sexual characters in males.
23. The harmone that stimulates contraction of uterus during child birth.
24. The structure formed after the release of ovum from Graafian follicle.
25. The structure formed by the villi of the foetus and the uterus of the mother.
26. The part of the female reproductive system where fertilisation takes place.
27. The male reproductive cells of mammals.
Find odd one out:
1. Ureter, urethra, oviduct, ovary.
2. Vagina, vulva, seminal vesicle, uterus.
3. Cowper's gland, lacrimal gland, seminal vesicles, prostate gland.
4. Epididymis, vas deferens, seminiferous tubule, ovum, urethra.
5. Fertilization, implantation, gestation, sperm, ovum.
6. Menstrual phase, interphase ,follicle phase, ovulatory phase.
7. Zygote , blastocyst , luteum ,morula , embryo.
8. Placenta , amnion, graffian follicle , chorion , allantois.
9. Sperm , pollen , ovum , ovule , zygote.
10. Testis , Ovary , Anther, stigma.
Complete the following:
1. An accessory reproductive gland that secretes an alkaline fluid is ____________
2. The part of the ovary that secretes progesterone is ____________
3. The part of the uterus that thickness each month in preparation for pregnancy is
____________
4. The period of complete development of the foetus till birth is called ____________
5. The canal through which the testis descend into the scrotum just before the birth of a
male baby is ____________
6. The part where fertilisation occurs in human female ____________
7. The process of development of the sperms in the testis is called ____________
8. The follicle which contains the matured ovum is called ____________
9. The process of development of ovum in the ovary is called ____________
10. The process of releasing of egg from the ovary is called ____________
11. The structure of the sperm which helps to penetrate the egg membrane of the
ovum is ____________
12. Gestation period in human female is ____________ days
13. ____________ nourishes the embryo inside the womb.
14. Sperms contains ____________ number of chromosomes.
15. The connecting link between the foetus and placenta is called ____________
16. The testosterone hormone is secreted by the ____________ cells.
17. The shedding out of the endometrium along with blood is called ____________.
18. The expulsion of the foetus from the mother's body is called ____________
19. Placenta is ____________ permeable.
20. Man is ____________ organism.
21. The unit of testis is ____________.
Give reasons.
1. Some women have facial hair like beard and moustache.
The development of facial hair like beard and moustache in some woman is due to the
overgrowth of adrenal cortex which produces cortisone. This condition is known as adrenal
virillism.
2. Twins may or may not be identical.
Twins are formed according to the number of eggs released in the oviduct. If two eggs
are available at a time, both may get fertilized and form fraternal twins. If the zygote of a
single egg splits and separates into two equal parts then identical twins are formed.
3. Testis is located in the scrotum.
Scrotum protects the testis and regulates the temperature of the testes 2-3 degree less
than body temperature essential for the production of sperm.
4. Human testis is known as extra abdominal.
Testis are located in a scrotal sacs outside the abdominal cavity. So, testis are called
extra abdominal.
5. urethra is called urogenital duct.
Since the urethra carries both urine and semen ,it is called urogenital duct.
6.A large number of sperms are produced for fertilization of one egg.
The ovum doesn't produces any chemical attraction for the sperm, so to ensure the
process of fertilization by overcoming the obstacles in female system male produces large
number of sperm.

Difference:
1. Prostate gland and Cowper's gland (the nature of secretion)
Prostate gland Cowper's gland
Prostrate gland's secretes an alkaline Cowper's gland's secretion acts as a
secretion which neutralizes the acid in the lubricant.
female vagina.
2. Sperm duct and fallopian tube (function)
Sperm duct Fallopian tube
Sperm duct transports sperms from the Fallopian tube is site of fertilization.
epididymis into the urethra.
3. Corpus callosum and Corpus luteum (function)
Corpus callosum Corpus luteum
Connects the two cerebral hemispheres of Yellow mass that secrete progesterone
brain hormone in female.
4. Menarche and menopause
Menarche Menopause
(a) It is the onset of menstruation in a (a) It is the complete stoppage of
female. menstruation.

(b) It occurs around the age of 13 years. (b) It occurs around age of 55 years.
5. Tubectomy and Vasectomy.
Tubectomy Vasectomy
Fallopian tube is cut and stitched so that Vas deferens is cut and both ends are tied
fertilization does not take place. to stop the flow of sperm.
It is a contraceptive method for female It is a contraceptive method for male

6. Sperm and Ovum.

Sperm Ovum
(a) It is the male gamete. (a) It is the female gamete.
(b) It is produced in the testis. (b) It is produced in the ovary.
(c) It is elongated and contains head, tail (c) It is round and has three outer
and middle piece. layers.
7. Identical and Fraternal twins.

Identical Twins Fraternal Twins

(a) They are produced from one egg and (a) They are produced from two eggs
one sperm. and two sperm.
(b) They may be both boys or both girls. (b) They may be both boys or both girls
or one boy and one girl.
8. Sperm and semen.
Sperm Semen
(a) It is the male gamete. (a) It is milky alkaline fluid produced by
(b) It is produced by the testis. the male reproductive system.
(b) It is produced by the accessory
glands.
9. Graffian follicle and Corpus luteum.
Graffian Follicle Corpus Luteum
It is a fully developed ovarian follicle It is a yellow mass formed after the release
containing a mature ovum. of an egg from the Graafian follicle which
acts as an endocrine gland.
10. Sexual and Asexual reproduction.
Sexual Reproduction Asexual Reproduction
(a) It involves the gametes. (a) No gamete formation.
(b) Two individuals are needed. (b) One individual involves in this type of
reproduction.
11. Embryo and Foetus.
Embryo Foetus
(a) It is the early stage of development. (a) After two months of gestation
(b) Human features are not developed period, the embryo is called foetus.
properly. (b) It has recognizable appearance of
main features of a fully developed human.
12. Gestation and Parturition.
Gestation Parturition
It is the total time period in which an It is the process of child birth after the
embryo develops fully inside the uterus. gestation period.
13. Ureter and urethra in man.
Ureter in man Urethra in man
(a) It connects the kidney and urinary (a) Common duct for the passage of
bladder. urine and semen.
(b) It carries urine to the bladder. (b) It carries urine as well as semen to
the exterior of the body.

Define the following

1. Reproduction: The process of production of new individuals of same kind.
2. Implantation: The process of fixation of embryo into the walls of uterus.
3. Gestation: The full term development of the embryo in the uterus for about 280
days.
4. Parturition: The act of expelling the full term foetus from the mother's uterus
after 280 days.
5. Fertilization: The fusion of male cell nuclei with female cell nuclei to form a zygote
6. Menarche: The onset of menstruation in a young female at the age of 13
7. Menopause: The permanent stoppage of menstruation in females at the age of 45.
8. Puberty: The period during which immature reproductive system of boys and
girls matures at the age of 10 to 15.
Answer the following.
1. Arrange the following in logical sequence.
a. Graafian follicle, Ostium, Ovum, Uterus, Fallopian tube.
b. Luteal phase, Follicular phase, Menstrual phase, Ovulatory phase.
c. Implantation, ovulation, child birth, gestation, fertilisation.
d. Sperm duct, coitus, sperm, vagina, urethra.
 e. Sperm duct, penis, testes, sperms, semen.
f. Puberty, menopause, menstruals, menarche, reproductive age.
g. Graafian follicle, ostium, uterus, fallopian tube, ovum.
2. Write any two functions of placenta
a. Nourishes the foetus
b. Exchange of respiratory gases between mother and foetus
c. Carries waste from foetus to mother
3. Functions of Amnion
a. Protects the embryo from physical damage by jerks of mechanical shocks. For
example: when the mother falls over.
b. Keeps an even pressure all around the embryo.
c. Allows the foetus some restricted movement.
d. Prevents sticking of the foetus to the amnion.
4. What is umbilical cord?
Ans: It is cord-like structure connecting the foetus and the placenta. Through the
umbilical cord the embryo is getting glucose, oxygen and it also removes urea, co2 etc
from the embryo.
5. How does placenta acts as an endocrine gland?
Ans: Placenta secretes estrogen and progesterone hormone to blood.
6. Name the female sex hormones and structures which secrete them.
a. Oestrogen, produced by ovarian follicle and placenta.
b. Progesterone, produced by corpus luteum.
c. Relaxin, produced by ovary and placenta.
7.What is the role played by the inguinal canal ?
Inguinal canal allows the testis to descend to the scrotum.
8.Write the differences between oogenesis and spermatogenesis

9.Write the different stages of development of zygote after fertilization.

10. How triplets are formed?

By the fertilization of two eggs by two sperms ,one zygote may split into two and triplets can
be formed(non identical)
Or

One fertilized egg(zygote) split into three separate embryos and may grow to form
triplets(identical).

WORK SHEET
a)
 i. Identify the structure.

ii. Label the parts A-D.

iii. What is the function of B &C.

iv. Draw a neat labeled diagram of ova.

b)

i) Name the reproductive gland and

accessory glands of male reproductive
system.

ii) Define the term semen.

iii) Name the site of maturation of sperm.

iv) Write the functional difference between

prostate gland and bulbo urethral gland.

c)
i)Label the parts 1,2,3.
ii)In which part of the testes sperm is
produced.
iii) State the function of 1 &2.
iv) Name the cells that secretes
testosterone.
v) Draw a neat labeled diagram of sperm.
d)
i) Name the part in the diagram that is
endocrine in nature.
ii)) How is embryo protected inside the
uterus?
iii) Define the term gestation.

iv) Wrire any two functions of the following:

a) Placenta b) Umbilical cord c) amnion
v) Which part of reproductive system dilate
during parturition?
e)
i) Label the parts 1 & 2
ii) State any 4 functions of the amniotic
fluid.
iii) What is the role of umbilical cord?

iv) foetus respire but not breath. Justify the

statement.