1. Suppose you are located 180 m from a radio transmitter.

(a) How
many wavelengths are you from the transmitter if the station calls
itself 1150 AM? (The AM band frequencies are in kilohertz.) (b) What
if this station is 98.1 FM? (The FM band frequencies are in
megahertz.) Ans: (a) 0.690 wavelengths (b) 58.9 wavelengths
2. A standing-wave pattern is set up by radio waves between two
metal sheets 2.00 m apart, which is the shortest distance between
the plates that produces a standing-wave pattern. What is the
frequency of the radio waves?
3. An electromagnetic wave in vacuum has an electric field amplitude of
220 V/m. Calculate the amplitude of the corresponding magnetic field.
Ans: 733 nT
4. If the intensity of sunlight at the Earth’s surface under a fairly
clear sky is 1000 W/m2, how much electromagnetic energy per
cubic meter is contained in sunlight? Ans: 3.33 x 10-6 J/m3

Values are different Google

5. A community plans to build a facility to convert solar radiation to
electrical power. The community requires 1.00 MW of power and the
system to be installed has an efficiency of 30.0% (that is, 30.0% of the
solar energy incident on the surface is converted to useful energy that
can power the community). Assuming sunlight has a constant intensity
of 1 000 W/m2, what must be the effective area of a perfectly
absorbing surface used in such an installation? Ans: 3.3 x 10 3 m2
6. A 25.0 mW laser beam of diameter 2.00 mm is reflected at normal
incidence by a perfectly reflecting mirror. Calculate the radiation
pressure on the mirror. Ans: 5.31 x 10-5 N/m2
 10. A light source emits visible light of two wavelengths:  = 430
nm and  = 510 nm. The source is used in a double-slit interference
experiment in which L = 1.50 m and d = 0.025 mm. Find the
separation distance between the third-order bright fringes for the
two wavelengths.

`
 11. A laser beam ( = 632.8 nm) is incident on two slits 0.200 mm
apart. How far apart are the bright interference fringes on a screen
5.00 m away from the double slits? Ans: 15.8 mm

Q.12?

13. Young’s double-slit experiment is performed with 589 nm light and a

distance of 2.00 m between the slits and the screen. The tenth
interference minimum is observed 7.26 mm from the central
maximum. Determine the spacing of the slits.
14. Two radio antennas separated by d = 300 m as shown in figure
simultaneously broadcast identical signals at the same wavelength. A
car travels due north along a straight line at position x = 1000 m from
the center point between the antennas, and its radio receives the
signals. (a) If the car is at the position of the second maximum after
that at point O when it has travelled a distance y = 400 m northward,
what is the wavelength of the signals? (b) How much farther must the
car travel from this position to encounter the next minimum in
reception? Note: Do not use the small-angle approximation in this
problem. Ans: 55.7 m and 124 m
15. Two narrow parallel slits separated by 0.250 mm are illuminated by
green light ( = 546.1 nm). The interference pattern is observed on a
screen 1.20 m away from the plane of the slits. Calculate the distance
(a) from the central maximum to the first bright region on either side of
the central maximum and (b) between the first and second dark bands.
16. In a Young’s interference experiment, the two slits are separated by
0.150 mm and the incident light includes two wavelengths: 1 = 540
nm (green) and 2 = 450 nm (blue). The overlapping interference
patterns are observed on a screen 1.40 m from the slits. Calculate the
minimum distance from the center of the screen to a point
17. In a double slit experiment, let L = 120 cm and d = 0.250 cm.
The slits are illuminated with coherent 600-nm light. Calculate the
distance y above the central maximum for which the average
intensity on the screen is 75.0% of the maximum.
18. Show that the two waves with wave functions given by E1=6.00sin(100πt) and E2
=8.00sin(100πt+π/2) add to give a wave with the wave function ER=sin(100πt+ϕ). Find
the required values for ER and ϕ.
19. Calculate the minimum thickness of a soap-bubble film that
results in constructive interference in the reflected light if the film is
illuminated with light whose wavelength in free space is  = 600
nm. The index of refraction of the soap film is 1.33. (b) What if the
film is twice as thick? Does this situation produce constructive
interference?

21. A thin film of oil (n = 1.25) is located on smooth, wet pavement.

When viewed perpendicular to the pavement, the film reflects most
strongly red light at 640 nm and reflects no green light at 512 nm. How
thick is the oil film?
22. An oil film (n = 1.45) floating on water is illuminated by white light at normal
incidence. The film is 280 nm thick. Find (a) the wavelength and color of the
light in the visible spectrum most strongly reflected and (b) the wavelength
and color of the light in the spectrum most strongly transmitted. Explain your
reasoning.
23. An air wedge is formed between two glass plates separated at
one edge by a very fine wire of circular cross section as shown in
below Figure. When the wedge is illuminated from above by 600 nm
light and viewed from above, 30 dark fringes are observed.
Calculate the diameter d of the wire.

25. A certain grade of crude oil has an index of refraction of 1.25.

A ship accidentally spills 1.00 m3 of this oil into the ocean, and the
oil spreads into a thin, uniform slick. If the film produces a first-order
maximum of light of wavelength 500 nm normally incident on it,
how much surface area of the ocean does the oil slick cover?
Assume the index of refraction of the ocean water is 1.34.
26. In a Newton’s-rings experiment, a plano-convex glass (n =
1.52) lens having radius r = 5.00 cm is placed on a flat plate. When
light of wavelength 650 nm is incident normally, 55 bright rings are
observed, with the last one precisely on the edge of the lens. (a)
What is the radius R of curvature of the convex surface of the lens?
(b) What is the focal length of the lens?
27. Monochromatic light is beamed into a Michelson
interferometer. The movable mirror is displaced 0.382 mm, causing
the interferometer pattern to reproduce itself 1700 times.
Determine the wavelength of the light. What color is it?
a. One leg of a Michelson interferometer contains an evacuated
cylinder of length L, having glass plates on each end. A gas is
slowly leaked into the cylinder until a pressure of 1 atm is
 reached. If N bright fringes pass on the screen during this
process when light of wavelength  is used, what is the index
of refraction of the gas?

30. Light of wavelength 540 nm passes through a slit of width 0.200

mm. (a) The width of the central maximum on a screen is 8.10 mm.
How far is the screen from the slit? (b) Determine the width of the first
bright fringe to the side of the central maximum.
31. Helium–Neon laser light ( = 632.8 nm) is sent through a 0.300 mm-
wide single slit. What is the width of the central maximum on a screen
1.00 m from the slit?

33. A beam of monochromatic light is incident on a single slit of

width 0.600 mm. A diffraction pattern forms on a wall 1.30 m
beyond the slit. The distance between the positions of zero intensity
on both sides of the central maximum is 2.00 mm. Calculate the
wavelength of the light.
 34. A diffraction pattern is formed on a screen 120 cm away from
a 0.400-mm-wide slit. Monochromatic 546.1-nm light is used.
Calculate the fractional intensity I/Imax at a point on the screen 4.10
mm from the center of the principal maximum.

37. White light is spread out into its spectral components by a

diffraction grating. If the grating has 2000 grooves per centimeter, at
what angle does red light of wavelength 640 nm appear in first order?
38. Light of wavelength 500 nm is incident normally on a diffraction
grating. If the third-order maximum of the diffraction pattern is
observed at 32.0°, (a) what is the number of rulings per centimeter for
the grating? (b) Determine the total number of primary maxima that
can be observed in this situation.

39. If the spacing between planes of atoms in a NaCl crystal is 0.281

nm, what is the predicted angle at which 0.140 nm x-rays are
diffracted in a first-order maximum?

40. A 400 Å thick film of ZrO2 (n = 2.10) is deposited on glass (n =

1.50). Determine the normal reflectance for sodium light of wavelength
589.3 nm. Ans: 17.4%
???

Conclusion: Unsolved questions are 8, 12, 32, 35, 40