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Edexcel Notes
Ordinary Level
English Language

Revision Tute 3

Topics 10-13

LECTURER: ZIKRA JAWFER

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SYNONYMS AND ANTONYMS

Question 1: Write a word that is a synonym for the underlined word in each sentence.

1. I really do abhor Brussels sprouts. ___________________

2. The water on the lake was so placid that it looked like a mirror. ___________________
3. Elizabeth tried to appear graceful, but the high-heeled shoes hampered her efforts.
___________________
4. I think that adding curtains to the windows will really enhance our classroom.
___________________
5. I explained to Mr. Harris about my missing homework, but he said my story wasn’t
credible.
___________________
6. During the football game, Kelvin suffered a laceration to his elbow.
___________________
7. If you want to pass the class, you should heed my advice to study. ___________________
8. The two families have been involved in a bitter feud for years. ___________________
9. The comedian's joke was absolutely hilarious and had the audience laughing
non-stop. ___________________
10. The venom of this snake can be lethal if left untreated. ___________________

Write a word that is an antonym for the given word.

11. Urgent c. Connect b. Dim

a. Vital 13. Wrath c. Clear
b. Unimportant a. Calmness 15. Trivial
c. Essential b. Anger a. Crucial
c. Fury b. Inconsequential
12. Detach c. Minor
a. Remove 14. Murky
b. Isolate a. Muddy 16. Subtle
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a. Indirect b. Blatant c. Understated (....../16)
CONTEXT CLUES

1. Ninety-year-old Mrs. Wilson was a philanthropist. She gave her money to charities.
Philanthropist means:
A. A generous person
B. A criminal
C. An ill person
D. A stamp collector

2. The audience lost interest quickly, but politely suffered through the duration of the
guest speaker’s long presentation. Duration means:
A. The final few minutes
B. Excitement
C. Period of time something lasts
D. A brief period of time

3. The young woman was very jovial. She laughed at everyone’s jokes. Jovial means:
A. Depressed
B. Very happy
C. Angry
D. Quiet

4. The candidate devised a plan to win the election. His plan included lowering taxes
and cutting government spending. Devised means:
A. Considered
B. Brought up
C. Put together
D. Was known for

5. After his injuries, the football player’s lack of coordination was obvious. He had
trouble walking in an even and smooth way. Coordination means:
A. Ability to relate well to others
B. Ability to cooperate with others
C. Ability to run in an ordinary way
D. Ability to make movements in a smooth way

6. The leader of the criminal gang felt remorse and tried to sabotage the plan to rob the
market. Sabotage means:
A. To defeat by betraying faith or trust
B. To cause to happen
C. To complete alone without aid
D. To celebrate

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7. The actor showed his resiliency when he began making another movie right after his
earlier movie had been a flop. Resiliency means:
A. The tendency to give up easily
B. The ability to stretch
C. The ability to recover quickly from misfortune
D. The tendency to deceive oneself

8. Because of her prestige in the community, she is often asked to lend her name to
charitable causes and to chair important civic projects. Prestige means:
A. Lack of respect
B. Living in the same place for a long time
C. A person’s high standing among others
D. Questionable reputation

9. Every president wants to leave his mark on history. If he wins a second term, he
usually tries to build his legacy during those four years. Legacy means:
A. A written document that explains or describes
B. Something passed from one generation to another
C. Time spent by oneself
D. Outdoor activities

10. The lecture would have been interesting if the speaker’s microphone had worked.
He was barely audible throughout the entire presentation. Audible means:
A. Able to be seen
B. Able to be heard
C. Able to be mobile
D. Able to speak

11. The movie star’s large and beautiful home was palatial.
A. ugly
B. tiny
C. for dogs
D. like a palace

12. At the restaurant we were offered a variety of beverages, like milk and ice tea.
A. bread
B. silverware
C. drinks
D. menus

13. Slavery was abolished in the U.S. after the Civil War.
A. outlawed
B. exchanged
C. running

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D. common
14. Pedestrians should look both ways before crossing the street.
A. crosswalks
B. walkers
C. stoplights
D. parrots

15. When I fell off the trampoline, I fractured my arm and wore a cast.
A. rested
B. broke
C. avoided
D. looked at

16. The class decided to exhibit the science project during Parents’ Night.
A. lose
B. eat
C. trade
D. show

17. The frigid water made Elizabeth’s teeth chatter.

A. cold
B. clean
C. green
D. warm

18. Typewriters became obsolete with the development of personal computers.

A. popular
B. out-dated
C. careful
D. round

19. His mother gets anxious if he stays outside after dark.

A. nervous
B. silly
C. happy
D. sleepy

20. After the rainstorm, the rainbow lit up the sky with vivid colors.
A. dark
B. funny
C. bright
D. normal

(.........../20)

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PARAPHRASING
Choose the best and most appropriate paraphrased answer

1. They refused my offer of assistance as they had already obtained the assistance of
other friends.

● A) They assisted me when I asked for help because they were my other friends.
● B) They helped me to turn down the beds when I asked for help because they
were my friends.
● C) Although I offered to help, they had gotten help from the others and didn't
need my assistance.
● D) Although I didn't want to help them they were my friends so I tried to help,
● E) My offer was refused as they were assisting my friends.

2. I'm sure that Mark and Janice will be making the announcement of their engagement
in the near future.

● A) It’s certain that Mark and Janice will be informing us of the engagement soon.
● B) It is possible that Mark and Janice will be giving us information about their
future plans.
● C) The announcement of the engagement of. Mark and Janice will be made in
the near future.
● D) Whenever they plan to make it known that they are engaged now is up to Mark
and Janice.

3. Bursa is a lovely city to visit in the summer but the soot and smog in the winter
detract considerably from its beauty in the winter.

● A) Although I like to visit Bursa in the summer, the pollution present in the winter
is terrible.
● B) Bursa is one of the most pleasant places to visit year-round even if it has
pollution problems in the winter.
● C) I would rather visit Bursa in the summer than in the winter as there is a lot of
pollution then.
● D) Bursa is a lovely city in both the summer and in the winter.

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4. After glancing at the paper in her hand, she threw it away.

● A) She is not interested in the paper that was given.

● B) The paper was not worth holding onto.
● C) After briefly looking at the paper in her hand, she discarded it.
● D) She wasn’t interested in the important paper that was thrown at her.

5. The king and queen were very unhappy as they had not been able to become
grandparents yet.

● A) The king and queen were very anxious to become grandparents in the near
future.
● B) The disappointment of not yet becoming grandparents shadowed the
happiness of the king and queen.
● C) The king and queen wanted to be grandparents so much that they were almost
unhappy.
● D) It was impossible to be happy unless they became grandparents.

6. The protest at the town square was against cruelty towards animals.

● A) The animals protested against the town square with cruel behaviour.
● B) The people behaved cruelly towards the animals to make a protest in the town
square.
● C) Cruel treatment of animals was the reason for the protest that took place in
the town square.
● D) The animals were the reason for this. cruel protest in the town square.

7. Suppose that I was to get a job in another country, would you be willing to move?

● A) If I got a job, which would mean that I would have to relocate to another
country, would you come with me?
● B) How would you come with me if we had to relocate to another country
because I got a better job?
● C) Would you want me to relocate to another country if I got a better job?
● D) Could we go to another country so we could get better jobs?

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8. The contract was signed after all the points were satisfactorily agreed upon.

● A) They will only sign the contract if they agree with everything.
● B) We agreed with everything after all the points were made in the Contract.
● C) They signed the agreement only after all points were mutually agreed with.
● D) The points that we agreed upon will be stated in the contract that we sign.

9. The strike was averted at the last moment by the mediators who were involved in the
talks between the two sides.

● A) The people who were involved in arranging the talks prevented the strike at the
last moment.
● B) The mediators were involved in the strike talks in order to prevent them.
● C) The talks between the two sides were run by the mediators who hoped to
prevent the strike.
● D) They were involved with the mediators to talk to the strikers at the last
moment.

10. The absence of his father made the child extremely unhappy and he withdrew from
all others around him.

● A) The father was never present when the child was unhappy and withdrew.
● B) The child wanted his father to make him happy by leaving the others around
him absent.
● C) The reason for unhappy child's withdrawal was the lack of his father,
● D) Whenever his friends were happy the child withdrew and went to his father.

Paraphrase the sentences below in your own words.

1. The behaviour of the students was extremely inappropriate.

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

2. The disturbing news caused anger and fury in the citizens of the town.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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3. The most suitable position for the new secretary is in the head office.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

4. I think that the new president will not be able to cope with all the problems he has
to face

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

5. The house has been unoccupied since the Joneses moved out last June.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

6. He reminds me of the stereotypical absent-minded professor.

………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7. I really don't mind him borrowing my belongings but I wish he would take better
care of them.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

8. The production rate at the flour mill has increased by about 12% in the last six
months due to the work of the new partner.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

9. She is such a good worker that she has received a bonus two months in a row.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

10. I left a message for you at the hotel reception desk.

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

(............./35)
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SUMMARY WRITING
Read the texts and their summaries below carefully before choosing which summary is
the best summary.

1. Last Wednesday, a dog got into the school. He snuck in through a hole in the fence
and ran into the hall in the middle of assembly. The children gasped and laughed in
surprise as Mr. Sayer stopped his assembly and looked on in shock. It was only when
the dog stopped by a group of children for a stroke that Mrs Robinson managed to
catch him. Luckily, he was wearing a collar so they called his owner who was able to
come and get him. Later that day, Mr Jones made sure the hole in the fence was fixed.
A. Mr Sayer had to stop his assembly because the children were excited.
B. A dog snuck into school and was returned to his owner.
C. The owner of the dog didn’t look after him properly.
D. Mr Jones fixed the fence at school after a dog got in and interrupted assembly
before being returned to his owner.

2.Stepping out on to the stage, Jayne felt a shiver down her spine. The judges sat at
their table, whispering quietly. Taking a deep breath, she tried to remember everything
from her lessons and the hours spent practising at home. Crouching down, she got into
her start position and wrapped her arms around herself. Her stomach rumbled noisily
and she regretted skipping breakfast. Heart thundering in her chest, she looked up and
nodded, before resuming her position and waiting for the music to begin.
A. Jayne was nervous because she skipped Breakfast.
B. Jayne is about to perform onstage in a competition and is nervous.
C. Jayne has spent a lot of time practising for her performance.
D. Jayne was feeling cold and scared after performing.

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3.Getting a dog is a big commitment. Dogs need walking once or twice a day as well as
feeding, toileting and attention. It is not a good idea to get a dog if you are not at home
very often. Choosing the right dog is also important. You will need to take into account
the age and character of the dog as well as its exercise needs.
A. Getting a dog is the best thing you can do as they all make great pets and love
attention.
B. Getting a dog is a big commitment as they need lots of care. Some dogs like
more exercise than others and some like more sleep.
C. You should think carefully about getting a dog as it is a big commitment and
different dogs have different needs.
D. Dogs need lots of care and attention. You should never get a dog if you’re not at
home all day.

4.As his foot stepped over the gateway, he felt a shiver go down his spine as his
imagination ran wild. Owls and bats were flying around, making the whole thing even
spookier. He cautiously crept up the broken, overgrown path and towards the front door
where something scratched his leg as he stepped up to the porch through the
undergrowth.
Then a light flickered on and off in the hallway. This was all that was needed to make
him turn back and run as fast as he could, dropping some of his leaflets in his haste.
A. The boy was scared by a spooky house and ran away.
B. The boy was delivering leaflets and was scared but he knew it was in his
imagination.
C. The boy littered in the garden of a scary house after he was scared by the lights
flashing.
D. The owls and bats made the boy nervous so he ran away.

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5.On 6th July 1903, 60 cyclists set off. They covered 2428km in a circular route, through
six stages. Eighteen days later, 21 of the original 60 cyclists made it back to the finish
line in Paris. The winner was Maurice Garin and Le Tour de France was born. As the tour
became more and more popular, the course was made longer and challenging mountain
climbs were introduced.
A. The first Tour De France took place on 6th July 1903 and was won by Maurice
Garin. The race is longer now and has mountain climbs.
B. The first tour de France was much harder than today’s as only 21 cyclists finished
the race. The finish line was in Paris. Now it includes mountain climbs.
C. The Tour de France was created in 1903 and was 2428km long. The winner of the
first race was Maurice Garin.
D. The Tour de France is a cycling race held in France every year. It began on 6th
July, 1903 and covered 2428km.

6. Every year, more people are cycling to or walking work or school as it is good for their
health and a good form of exercise. It is also helpful to the environment. However, car
accidents on Australian roads are increasing so pedestrians need to take care crossing
roads.
A. Walking to school is a good form of exercise and is helpful to the environment.
B. More people are walking to places but they should be careful as there has been
an increase in car accidents.
C. More and more people are walking to work as it is good for their health and the
environment.
D. There were more car accidents in Australia this year so people are walking to
work or school.

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7.Guinea pigs need a large area like a hutch so that they have room to explore. They
should have a safe, warm and dry area where they are away from other pets. The
temperature must be comfortable. If it gets too hot, they can get heat stroke. Guinea
pigs must be in a quiet place. Noises make them scared.
A. Guinea pigs don’t like places to be noisy or wet.
B. Guinea pigs need a large hutch and a safe area that is dry, warm and quiet, where
they can be away from other pets.
C. Guinea pigs make great pets and are really easy to look after - they don’t need
much at all.
D. Guinea pigs are difficult to care for and you should think carefully before getting
one.

8. A seismograph (say: size-mo-graf) is a special piece of equipment that records

earthquakes by drawing them. The base of the seismograph is on the ground and above
it a weight hangs from a string. When there is an earthquake, the base shakes with the
ground but the weight does not and it draws a line to show how much the ground shook.
Scientists use the seismograms to measure how big each earthquake is. The bigger the
zigzag lines, the bigger the earthquake.
A. Scientists use seismographs to measure how big an earthquake is. When
earthquakes happen the ground shakes and seismographs measure that.
B. Seismographs are pronounced size-mo- graf - the base is placed on the ground
and during an earthquake, a weight above it marks how much the ground moves.
The larger the line, the larger the earthquake.
C. A seismograph measures how much the ground moves during an earthquake.
The larger the line, the larger the earthquake.
D. Seismographs draw zigzag lines to measure the size of an earthquake. Scientists
think they are not very reliable though.

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9. At Hope Valley School, last Friday, there was a charity barbecue and fun afternoon to
finish off a successful fundraising week. Many children had been collecting money for
their local hospice by doing sponsored walks during the week. Friday was the final
celebration.
Some parents were running the barbeque and, by the end of the evening, they only had a
few bits of food left. Other parents had baked cakes for the cake stall which raised lots
of money from sales and was a huge success. Even the local newspaper photographer
was there to take photos for their next edition.
A. Hope Valley school will be in the newspaper for having a big barbeque and selling
out of food. They raised the most money through selling cakes and want to do it
again in the future.
B. Hope Valley School held a successful fundraising week for their local hospice.
Children and parents took part and a newspaper photographer took pictures.
C. Parents at Hope Valley school raised money for a local charity and managed to
sell lots of cake and food. They were photographed to be in the paper.
D. The local hospice needs more money and the head teacher at Hope Valley school
helped them out by organising a fundraising event.

(.........../9)

Question 2 : Passage
Online and in-store shopping
The internet has brought about a revolution in many aspects of our daily lives, with
social media, internet banking and changes to the way education is carried out in
our classrooms. Another area of change caused by the internet revolution is in the
way people shop; they now have a choice between online and in-store shopping.

One advantage of online shopping is that purchases are delivered directly to your
door and so you don’t have to carry goods, which might be heavy, through town or
on a bus or train. Conventional shops have to pay for things like shelving units and
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décor, and sometimes elaborate displays, whereas online items are stored in basic
out-of-town warehouses with much lower overhead costs. This means that goods
purchased online are often cheaper than those bought in shops. Apart from the
money saved on the actual goods, online shoppers make further savings as they
don’t have to pay to travel to shopping centres – either for fuel or public transport
– or for the coffee or lunch they might have once they get there. Moreover, online
shoppers are not at the mercy of the elements, and don’t get caught in the rain or
burned by the sun, which often happens to those who visit high street shops or
markets.

Because there is no need to leave your home to shop online, it is much quicker than
in-store shopping; the weekly groceries for an entire family can be bought in a
matter of minutes. This means that time is freed up for people to do more
interesting things. After all, wandering around a supermarket is a very boring
activity. Instead of grocery shopping together, families can spend their precious
time at weekends or in the evenings going to a park, beach or gallery.

There is nothing more disappointing than finding that a particular item in a store is
out of stock or unavailable in the correct size. However, online shoppers know
immediately if the desired article is available and can quickly make alternative
arrangements if it isn’t. People who shop in stores are restricted to particular
opening hours, but the internet is always open for business. If you want to order
your groceries or that new jacket in the middle of the night or on a public holiday,
you are free to do so!

On the other hand, many people find that in-store shopping reduces stress and is
therefore relaxing, providing ‘retail therapy’, as it is called. It may add to the
overall cost of shopping to stop for coffee in town, but many people like to
incorporate their coffee break at the shops with catching up with friends, and so
it can be seen that shopping in this way has a social dimension. Many shoppers find
that, although some reductions are made on items for sale online, more discounts

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are available in shops. It is really satisfying and even thrilling to search through
discounted items looking for a bargain.

In-store shopping nowadays can be carried out in huge, bright malls buzzing with
activity, with everything under one roof. Although it can be argued that the
internet also has everything under one roof, the overall experience of a shopping
mall is much more interactive than sitting silently in front of a computer screen
placing an order. In-store shopping allows us to judge items for sale at close
quarters: perfumes can be smelled, clothes can be tried on, fabrics can be seen and
felt.

Goods purchased in-store are instantly available, so that consumers don’t have to
stay at home waiting for deliveries, or rely on delivery companies which might let
them down. Shops, particularly when run by small or independent retailers, add
character and local colour to towns, and attract visitors, who in turn generate
income for local areas by purchasing things. Conversely, the closure of such shops
because they can’t compete with online shopping detracts from the appearance of
towns and can turn them into unattractive wildernesses. Moreover, people are
needed to work in shops and so having a lively town full of busy shoppers provides
employment for local people and is yet another advantage of in-store shopping.

Write a summary of the advantages of online shopping, and the advantages of in-store
shopping, as outlined in the passage. Use your own words as far as possible. You will
be awarded marks for producing a piece of writing which is relevant, well organised and
easy to follow. Your summary must be in continuous writing (not note form).
You are advised to write between 150 and 180 words, including the 10 words given
below. Begin your summary as follows:

An advantage of online shopping is direct delivery of purchases ......................................

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.................................................................................................(........../ 20) Total: (........./ 100)

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