III-2 Présentations affichées / Posters

AUTEURS / AUTHORS CODES AUTEURS / AUTHORS CODES

Biabi a Bite Marie F. et al. SBIO-XX1_PO Longue Essoua Alex M. et al. SBIO-XX6_PO
Moguem Soubgui Arlette F. et al. SBIO-XX2_PO Bekwankoa Fofou G.S. et al. SBIO-XX7_PO

Mbalalé Mbalalé Brice T. et al. SBIO-XX3_PO Ngo Tang C.D. et al. SBIO-XX8_PO
Foundikou Paul Crépin et al. SBIO-XX4_PO Youogo Marlène et al. SBIO-XX9_PO
Tsafack Desmon Toutou et al. SBIO-XX5_PO

SBIO-XX1_PO FAMILY VAR B OF PFEMP1 GENE IS ASSOCIATED WITH EARLY CONVERSION OF

ASYMTOMATIC MALARIA TO SYMPTOMATIC MALARIA
Marie FlorenceBiabi a Bite1,2*, 1Laboratory of Biochemistry University of Douala, B.P 24157,
Balotin Fogang2, Celine Slam4, Anne Douala, Cameroon
Jensen4, Christiane Donkeu2, Chris 2 Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Malaria Research Service, B.P
Marco Nana2, Jeannette Magoudjou2, 1274, Yaoundé, Cameroon
Marie Hortense Mbouambe2, Glwadys 3Laboratory of Microbiology, Université of Yaoundé I
Cheteug2, Sylvie Kemleu2, Jean Paul 4 Department of pathology, University Utah, USA
Assam Assam3, Francois Xavier
Etoa3, Tracey Lamp4, Lawrence * Corresponding author: [email protected]
Ayong2
Background: PfEMP1 is a family of proteins expressed on the surface of infected red blood cells, it plays a
key role in the pathogenicity and immune evasion of Plasmodium falciparum, which is the most virulent form
of malaria infecting humans. In malaria endemic areas, common infections are asymptomatic, these
individuals are potential silent reservoirs inducing long-term maintenance of the infection. In this study, we
aim to understand the involvement of parasite virulence genes in the establishment of asymptomatic
parasitemia.
Methods : Samples were collected in an area of high malaria transmission in Cameroon, in three (03) public
schools from children aged 05 to 15 years ; daily axillary temperature measurements were performed to
classify asymptomatic and symptomatic infections (and treated) for 3 weeks. Positive infections were
identified using multiplex Nested PCR and the expression level of virulence gene was determined by
targeting the upstream regions ups A, ups B and ups C using quantitative RTPCR.
Results: Of the 134 individuals, we found 131 (97.8%) positive infections with 119 (88.8%) asymptomatic
and 12 (9%) symptomatic infections. During the follow-up, a conversion rate from asymptomatic to
symptomatic infections of 11% was identified. Parasitemia during conversion was significantly elevated
compared to the previous period (p= 0.0123); var C expression levels decreased over time, var A remained
stable over time and var B increased with conversion and decreased significantly with treatment (p= 0.0178).
Conclusion: Overall, this study suggests that the outcome of malaria infection is associated with the
expression level of the var B family.

Keywords:PfEMP1; parasite virulence genes; asymptomatic infection; P. falciparum;

SBIO-XX2_PO CONFOUNDING ROLE OF COVID–19 VACCINE UPTAKE IN CLINICAL UTILITY OF

HEMATOLOGICAL BIOMARKERS AND IMMUNE RESPONSE IN CAMEROONIAN
PATIENTS INFECTED WITH SARS–COV–2

16 03
 CONFOUNDING ROLE OF COVID–19 VACCINE UPTAKE IN CLINICAL UTILITY OF SBIO XX 18 Protective effect of Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub (papilionaceae) stem bark aqueous extract against
SBIO-XX2_PO
HEMATOLOGICAL BIOMARKERS AND IMMUNE RESPONSE IN CAMEROONIAN acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress in rats
PATIENTS INFECTED WITH SARS–COV–2 Tchamadeu Marie Claire1*, 1 Department of Biology of Animal Organisms, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, P.O

Dongmo Alain Bertrand1 BOX 24157Douala, Cameroon.

Arlette Flore Moguem 1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, The University of Douala, Cameroon. *Corresponding author: [email protected]
Arlette 1, Loick
Soubgui Flore Pradel Moguem
Kojom 1Department of Animal
2 Organisms,
Biochemistry, Faculty
Faculty of Science,
of Science, The University
The University of Douala,
of Douala, Cameroon. Background: Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub (papilionaceae) is used in South Cameroon Region for the treatment of liver diseases,
Steve Ndeme Cameroon.
2Department of Animal Organisms, Faculty of Science, The University of Douala,
Soubgui
Foko 1, Loick Pradel Kojom
2, Wilfried
3Virology Laboratory, Douala Laquintinie Hospital, Cameroon.
but this plant potential effect is not yet scientificantly investigated. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the protective
Cameroon.
Foko 2, Wilfried
Mboussi 1, Juste Steve
Patient Ndeme
Mbebi 43Center activity of Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub stem bark aqueous extract on experimental acetaminophen�induced hepatotoxicity in
VirologyforLaboratory,
Research Douala
on Health and Priority
Laquintinie Diseases,
Hospital, Ministry of Scientific Research and
Cameroon.
Mboussi
Enone 3, 1,Elisee
Juste Libert
PatientEmbolo
Mbebi Innovation, Yaounde, on
4Center for Research Cameroon.
Health and Priority Diseases, Ministry of Scientific Research and albino Wistar rats. Methods: Rats were divided into six groups of 6 animals each. Normal control group (NC) received the
Enone 3, 4Elisee Libert Embolo
Enyegue , Martin Luther *Corresponding
Innovation, Yaounde, author: Prof. Martin Luther Koanga Mogtomo
Cameroon. distilled water for 9 days. Acetaminophen control (AC), Silymarin (Sil) and plant aqueous extract (AE75, AE150 and AE300)
EnyegueMogtomo
Koanga 4, Martin
1* Luther Email address: [email protected]
*Corresponding & [email protected];
author: Prof. Martin Luther Koanga Mogtomo Phone: +237 699 groups were pretreated respectively with distilled water, silymarin (140 mg/kg body weight) and P. soyauxii stem bark aqueous
Koanga Mogtomo * 1 503
Email444address: [email protected] & [email protected]; Phone: +237 699 extract doses of 75, 150 and 300 mg/kg for the first 7 days, and then with acetaminophen (2 g/kg) from day 7 to day 9.
Background: World Health Organization 503 444 (WHO) recommanded issue to fight against the severe acute Silymarin was used as a standard drug. The serum biochemical (alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase
Background:
respiratory World Coronavirus
syndrome Health Organization
2 (SARS–CoV–2) (WHO) infection
recommanded
includedissue to fight
vaccine against
uptake. But, inthe severe
Africa, acute
Cameroon (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), total bilirubin, urea, total cholesterol and total protein) and liver antioxidant (MDA, GSH,
respiratory
in syndrome
particularly, Coronavirus
its protective 2 (SARS–CoV–2)
role was much discussed. infection
This included
study aimedvaccine uptake. But,
to determine thein role
Africa,
of Cameroon
COVID-19 catalase, SOD and NO) parameters levels, as well as liver relative weight and integrity were assessed at the end of treatment.
in particularly,
vaccine uptake its protective rolepopulation
in cameroonian was much discussed.
during Covid19This study aimed to determine the role of COVID-19
period. Results: Acetaminophen caused marked rises (p<0.05 � p<0.001) in serum ALT, AST and ALP activities, total bilirubin, total
vaccine uptake
Materials and in cameroonian
Methods: population
A cross sectional during
studyCovid19 period. from January to September 2022 at seven
was conducted cholesterol and urea levels, and increased relative liver weight. P. soyauxii stem bark aqueous extract restored serum
Materials
health and in
districts Methods:
Douala. AA cross sectionalwas
questionnaire study wastoconducted
used from January to and
collect socio-demographic September
clinical 2022 at seven
data from 420 biochemical enzymes activities, total bilirubin, total cholesterol, urea, and relative liver weight, sometimes as to silymarin. In
health districts
participants. in Douala. A questionnaire
Retrotranscriptase quantitativewas used to collect
polymerase socio-demographic
chain reaction was used to anddetect
clinical data from 420
SARS–CoV–2 in addition, pretreatment with P. soyauxii extract potentially increased near to normal levels (p<0.05-p<0.001) the depleted
participants. Retrotranscriptase
nasopharyngeal samples while quantitative
blood samples polymerase
were usedchain toreaction
performwas theused to detect
Complete SARS–CoV–2
Blood Count using in hepatic glutathione content and catalase activity, decreased (p<0.05) the elevated lipid peroxidation, while preventing liver
nasopharyngeal
hematometer andsamples quantifywhile
serumblood IgMsamples
and IgGwere levelsused
usingto ELISA-Immuno-Sandwish
perform the Complete Blood method. Count using
Statistical damage noticed in acetaminophen treated rats. Conclusion: These results show and confirm the significant protective activities
hematometer
analyses were and done (α quantify
= 5 %).serum IgM and IgG levels using ELISA-Immuno-Sandwish method. Statistical of Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub stem bark aqueous extract against liver injury.
analyses were
Results: done (α = 5of%).
The prevalence SARS–CoV–2 infection and vaccine uptake was 8.1% and 18.6%, respectively. In Keywords: Hepatotoxicity, Acetaminophen, Pterocarpus soyauxii Taub, Hepatoprotective, Antioxidant.
Results: The prevalence
anti-SARS-CoV-2 of SARS–CoV–2
no vaccinated patients, most infection and vaccineparameters
haematological uptake wasremained
8.1% andsignificantly
18.6%, respectively.
(p < 0.005)In
anti-SARS-CoV-2
lowered (MID, GR,noplatelets,
vaccinatedIDR,patients,
VPM) or most haematological
increased (MCV) in parameters
COVID-19remained
positive significantly
patients. In (p < 0.005)
contrast, in
lowered (MID,
vaccinated GR, platelets,
patients, IDR, VPM)
no statistically or increased
significant differences(MCV)
werein observed
COVID-19between
positiveCOVID-19
patients. Innegative
contrast,and
in
vaccinated
positive patients,
patients. Nonenoofstatistically significant
the haematological differences
parameters were
were observed
clinically usefulbetween COVID-19of negative
for the diagnosis SARS-CoV-2and
positive patients.
infection None of
in vaccinated the haematological
patients. In contrast, parameters were clinically
three haematological useful for(granulocytes,
parameters the diagnosisMCV,of SARS-CoV-2
and NLR)
infection
were in vaccinated
clinically patients.
discriminating In contrast, three
in unvaccinated haematological
patients: granulocytesparameters
(AUC = 0.67(granulocytes,
and p = 0.002), MCV,MCV and NLR)=
(AUC
were clinically
0.67 and p = discriminating
0.001), and NLR in unvaccinated
(AUC = 0.79 patients:
and pgranulocytes
< 0.0001). (AUCThe =relation
0.67 and p = 0.002),
between immune MCVresponse
(AUC =
0.67 and p (Neutralized
parameters = 0.001), and IgM NLR
and IgG(AUC = 0.79 levels)
antibodies and p and < 0.0001).
SARS-CoV-2The relation
infectionbetween immunebyresponse
was modulated COVID-
parameters
19 vaccine. (Neutralized IgM and IgG antibodies levels) and SARS-CoV-2 infection was modulated by COVID-
19 vaccine. COVID-19 vaccine uptake played a confounding role, either modulating the immune response or
Conclusion:
Conclusion:
negating COVID-19
clinical vaccine uptakeparameters.
utility of hematological played a confounding role, either modulating the immune response or
negating clinical utility of hematological parameters.
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 infection, Covid19 vaccine uptake, hematological biomarkers, immune response,
Keywords: SARS-CoV-2 infection, Covid19 vaccine uptake, hematological biomarkers, immune response,
Douala-Cameroon.
Douala-Cameroon.

SBIO-XX3_PO EFFET DE LA FERMENTATION SUR LES ACTIVITES ANTIMICROBIENNES,

SBIO-XX3_PO EFFET DE LA FERMENTATION
ANTIOXYDANTES SUR LES ACTIVITES
ET ANTI-INFLAMMATOIRES DE L’HUILE ANTIMICROBIENNES,
ESSENTIELLE DES
ANTIOXYDANTES
GRAINES DE AFRAMOMUMET ANTI-INFLAMMATOIRES
PRUINOSUM (JUJUBE, DE L’HUILE
GAGNEPESSENTIELLE
1908) DES
Brice Thaddée Mbalalé GRAINES
MbalaléDE AFRAMOMUM
a, Meli PRUINOSUM
aLaboratoire de Biochimie (JUJUBE, GAGNEP Naturelles,
des Substances 1908) Faculté
Brice Tamené
Jojo Thaddée MbalaléChoisi
a, Olivier Mbalalé a, Meli
Mayouck aLaboratoire de Biochimie des Substances Naturelles, Faculté
des Sciences, Université de Douala, BP 24157 Douala,
Jojo Tamené
Etane a, Samuel a, Olivier Choisi Mayouck
Patrick Moukouri Mallea, Cameroun.des Sciences, Université de Douala, BP 24157 Douala,
Etanea, Samuel
Kobateu Gaston Patrick Moukouri
Jordan a, Mallea, bCameroun.
Kouonga Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université
Kobateu
Harold SorelGaston
a, MoumiJordan a,
Ngamaleu Kouonga
Virginiea de bLaboratoire de Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université
Yaoundé I, BP 812 Yaoundé, Cameroun.
Harold Sorela,Ascension
Maximilienne Moumi Ngamaleu
NyeguebVirginie
, Sylviea de Yaoundé I, BP 812 Yaoundé, Cameroun.
Maximilienne
Kwanga Nguikwie Ascension
a NyegueDongmo
*, Jazet b, Sylvie
Kwanga
Pierre Nguikwie
Michel a. a*, Jazet Dongmo *Corresponding author: [email protected]
Pierre Michela:. La tendance du retour au naturel
Introduction a contribué àauthor:
*Corresponding [email protected]
l'émergence de l’intérêt de l’Homme pour les
Introductionnaturelles
substances : La tendance
issuesdudes
retour au naturel
plantes. a contribué
Aframomum à l'émergence
pruinosum, de l’intérêt
une plante de l’Homme
aromatique pour ses
prisée pour les
substances
graines naturelles
cependant, issues des
l’extraction de sonplantes.
huileAframomum face à desune
pruinosum,
essentielle fait planteinfluençant
facteurs aromatiqueson prisée pour ses
rendement et
graines
sa cependant,
composition. Cel’extraction de pour
travail avait son huile essentielle
objectif faitl’influence
d’évaluer face à desdefacteurs influençantsur
la fermentation sonlarendement
compositionet
sa composition.
chimique Ce travail
et les activités avait pour
biologiques objectifessentielle
de l’huile d’évaluerdesl’influence
graines. de la fermentation sur la composition
chimique et
Méthode les activités
: Une biologiques
prise d’essai de 300gdeal’huile essentielle
servi de substrat des
pourgraines.
la fermentation, suivi de l’extraction des huiles
Méthode : Une
essentielles par prise d’essai de 300g
hydrodistillation, a servichimique
l’analyse de substrat
des pour
huilesla fermentation, suivi de
obtenues realisée parl’extraction des huiles
chromatographie en
04 158
essentielles par hydrodistillation, l’analyse chimique des huiles obtenues realisée par chromatographie en
References :
1- FAO/WHO Food and Agriculture Organization. 2015.
phase gazeuse couplée à la spectrométrie de masse (CPG/SM) et les activités antimicrobiennes évaluées
2- WHO/UNICEF, Guidelines for an integrated approach to the nutritional care of HIV-infected children (6 months-14 years).
par microdilution, l’activité antioxydante par piégeage du radical DPPH et par réduction du fer ferrique enfin,
Edition "Preliminary version for country introduction, 2009, p92.
l’activité anti-inflammatoire par hémolyse induite par stress salin.
3- Leng MS, Tobit P, Demasse MA, Wolf K, Gouado I, Ndjouenkeu R. et al. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Résultats : Les résultats ont montré que la fermentation des graines a augmenté le rendement en huile
Research. 2018; 9(8). essentielle de 17,02% (0,47 à 055%). L’huile essentielle des graines fermentées a montré une prédominance
4- AOAC (Association of Official Analytical Chemists). Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC, International, 17th Edition. en Linalol (9,34%), (2E,6E)-Farnésol (11,01%) en plus de l’acide Heneicosapentanoate de méthyle (HPA :
Washington, DC, USA, 2000. 8,01%) de la série des ω-3 ; contre (E)-Nérolidol (26,52%), (2E,6E)-Farnésol (12,42%) et l’acide
Eicosapentanoate de méthyle (EPA : 5,49%) dans l’huile essentielle témoin. Elles ont présenté un même
potentiel antimicrobien sur la germination des spores de Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Aspergillus niger,
Aspergillus flavus, (1024≤CMI≤2048 ppm). Elles ont montré un bon potentiel antioxydant par piégeage du
SBIO XX 17 Plasmodium vivax in Cameroon radical DPPH (IC50 respectives de 0,023mg/ml pour le fermenté contre 0,211 mg/mL pour le témoin). L’huile
essentielle des graines fermentées a montré un potentiel antiinflammatoire comparable à celui du Diclofénac
Romeo Tankoua-Tchounda1*, 1Department of Biology of Animal Organisms, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala, PO (IC50 0,928 mg/mL contre 1,038mg/ml), justifiée par la présence des acides gras ω-3.
Jacques Nack1, Christian 24157 Douala, Cameroon. Conclusion : Ces huiles essentielles pourraient être utilisées comme produits naturels antimicrobien,
Mbohou Nchetnkou1, Desire 2Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Dschang, PO Box 067 antioxydant et anti-inflammatoire en alternative aux actifs de synthèse.
Leonard Keptcheu Tchankwé2, Dschang, Cameroon.
Lontsi Demano M, Estelle Autor corresponding: Roméo Tankoua-Tchounda ; E-mail address: [email protected] Mots clés : Aframomum pruinosum, fermentation en milieu solide, activités biologiques.
Essangui1, Leopold Gustave
Lehman 1
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), malaria, and gastrointestinal parasites are endemic in poor, tropical countries. Few
studies have investigated the co-infection of gastrointestinal parasites and malaria in relationship to hematological parameters
and viral load in HIV-infected individuals worldwide. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of coinfection on SBIO-XX4_PO CONSERVATION OF THE IMMUNE FUNCTION OF KEY PLAYERS IN THE
hematological parameters in HIV-positive patients followed at the Bafoussam Regional Hospital (HRB). MOLECULAR RESPONSE TO PHYTOPHTHORA MEGAKARYA INFECTION IN
THEOBROMA CACAO.L AND THE EFFECT OF MGSO4 SUPPLEMENTATION ON
This prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from May to December 2021 in HRB-positive HIV patients. Participants
THE EXPRESSION LEVEL OF TARGET RESISTANCE GENES.
ranged in age from 3 to 81 years. Stool and blood samples were collected. These stool samples were tested for gastrointestinal
Foundikou Paul Crépin1, 1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala,
parasites using direct microscopy, the modified Formol-Ether technique, and Kinyoun staining. The blood samples collected Francis Othon Liken1, Douala P.O. Box 24157, Cameroon;
were used for thick blood drops, blood smears, rapid malaria diagnostic tests (HRP-II and pLHD), and to determine the Epiphanie Douanla 2Department of Biological Science, Higher Teachers’ Training College,
hematological parameters of the participants with a semi-automated blood analyzer (Mindray Company, Zhenzhen, China). Ndjoutse1, Emile Minyaka1, University of Yaounde I, Yaounde P.O. Box 47, Cameroon.
Out of 240 patients, the prevalence of anemia was 7.5%. Seventy-three were coinfected (30.4%) with at least one parasite. Nicolas Niemenak2
Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum were identified. Three types of coinfection with HIV were observed. Alexandre Mboene Noah1* *Corresponding author: [email protected]; Tel.: +237-651-
Gastrointestinal parasite-HIV was the most common (21.3%), and the least common was the gastrointestinal parasite-malaria- 659616
HIV association (2.9%). Two types of anemia were observed: moderate and mild anemia. The mean values of 11 Background: Plants are sessile beings whose only defend against aggression of any kind through their
hematological parameters revealed no statistical differences according to the type of infection (p > 0.05). immune potential. The immune response in plants is the set of mechanisms orchestrated in response to
Antiretroviral treament eliminates the impact of parasitic infections and reduces the viral load to undetectable in HIV+ patients. aggression. Apart from antimicrobial secretion during physical aggression, the immune response also triggers
Key words: Gastrointestinal parasite and malaria co-infection, HIV-positive patients, haematological parameters, Bafoussam, some defense lines for their resistance. Several studies have been carried out on plant immunity with the aim
Cameroon. of developing strategies to boost crop resistance to disease. In view of the high importance of the function of
key players in the immune response, consensus regions within gene sequences are conserved during
speciation. This study aims at identifying some of the key players in the immune response shown to be
necessary for plant defense against oomycetes, to assess the degree of evolution and to identify the
consensus regions of these genes by molecular phylogeny methods, in order to evaluate the conservation of
the function of these genes by RT-qPCR in Theobroma cacao supplemented with MgSO4 to Phytophthora
megakarya infection.
Methods: The literature search enabled identifying a number of receptors (LECRK IX.1 and BAK1) involved
in pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) perception. Phylogenetic literature research enabled
identifying a number of receptors (LECRK IX.1 and BAK1) involved in pathogen-associated molecular pattern
perception (PAMP).
Results: Molecular phylogeny enabled identifying 17 orthologs and 04 paralogs respectively in the T. cacao
genome. 04 consensus regions were identified on the two genes among orthologs from 03 plant species. The
expression level after PCR was higher in the ICS40 genotype (susceptible) than in the SCA6 genotype
(tolerant), and MgSO4 was shown to be a positive regulator of expression.
Conclusion: This study would be important in annotating the T. cacao genome, in discriminating plants
according to their differential resilience and in adopting sustainable and environmentally responsible means
of control.

14 7
05
 transmission in the locality. Hence the need to strengthen malaria control measures in the sites studied.

Key words: Malaria, Plasmodium falciparum, polymorphism, msp1 & 2, South Cameroon.
Keywords: LECRK IX.1, BAK1, PAMP, Phythopthora megakarya, Theobroma cacao
Références
Achonduh-Atijegbe, OA, Mfuh, KO, Mbange, AHE, Chedjou, JP, Taylor, DW, Nerurkar, VR, Mbacham, WF, & Leke, R. (2016).
Prevalence of malaria, typhoid, toxoplasmosis and rubella among febrile children in Cameroon. BMC Infectious Diseases,
16(1), 658. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-016-1996-y
Kwenti, TE, Nkume, FA, Tanjeko, AT, & Kwenti, TDB (2016). The Effect of Intestinal Parasitic Infection on the Clinical Outcome
of Malaria in Coinfected Children in Cameroon. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 10(4), e0004673.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0004673
Somé AF, Bazié T, Zongo I, Yerbanga RS, Nikiéma F, Neya C, et al. Plasmodium falciparum MSP1 and MSP2 genetic
SBIO-XX5_PO THE DETECTION OF INFLUENZA VIRUS BEFORE AND DURING THE COVID-19 diversity and allele frequencies in parasites isolated from patients with symptomatic malaria in BoboDioulasso, Burkina Faso.
PANDEMIC IN CAMEROON (2019-2023) Parasite vectors. 2018;11:323.
Chavely Gwladys Monamele1,2, Desmon 1, Virology Service, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon; PO Box 1274, Zwetyenga J, Regier C, Spiegel A et al. A cohort study of Plasmodium falciparum diversity during the dry season in Ndiop, a
Toutou Tsafack1,3, Chanceline Ndongo Yaounde, Cameroon.
2, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea; PO Box 63, Buea, Senegalese village with seasonal, mesoendemic malaria. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1999 Jul;93(4):375�80.
Bilounga4,Ripa Mohamadou Njankouo1,
Christian Nsangou Yogne5, Landry Cameroon.
Hermann Njifon Munshili5,Felix Nkom6,
3, Department of Biochemistry, University of Douala Acknowledgment
4, Department for the Control of Diseases, Epidemics and Pandemics Our deep gratitude to all participants, consenting individuals and local health district officials, to the Centre Pasteur of
Ubald Tamoufe , Linda Esso , Fancioli
6 4
(DLMEP), Ministry of
Koro Koro , Ronald Perraut ,
3 5 Cameroon Malaria Research Unit, to the Research Institute for Development for the financial contribution as well as to all those
Public Health, Cameroon
RichardNjouom1* 5, Garoua Annex, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Garoua, Cameroon who contributed to the realization of this work.
6, Metabiota, Inc., PO Box 15939, Yaounde, Cameroon.

*Corresponding author SBIO XX 16 Formulation and Evaluation of the Physicochemical Composition of a Rice Based Complementary
Professor Richard Njouom, PhD : +237-651-659616 Food Fortified with Spirulina
a
Email: [email protected]. Ngo Tang C. D.a*, Tobit Department of Biochemistry, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon
P.a, Leng M. S.a, b Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, University of Ngaounderé, Ngaounderé,
Background: Influenza virus is respiratory viruses that cause a significant global burden of morbidity and Ndjouenkeu R.b, Gouado Cameroon
mortality. This study describes the detection of both viruses before and during the coronavirus disease I.a *Corresponding Author : E-mail : [email protected] Tél : +237 680 943 514
(COVID-19) pandemic in Cameroon (2019-2022).
Methods: Respiratory specimens collected from persons with influenza-like illness (ILI) or Introduction: Childhood protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a status derived from an imbalance between nutritional and/or
Severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) from sentinel sites located in all regions of the country energy intake and needs. After the age of 6 months, an inadequacy of the complementary food will alter child nutritional status.
were tested for influenza virus. Influenza viruses and subtypes were detected using the Centers for Disease Malnourished children have 11 times higher risk of death than those who are not [1], and those who are HIV infected 3 times
Control and Prevention (CDC) typing and subtyping assays. The WHO average curve method than those who are HIV non infected. PEM coupled with HIV is therefore a serious global public health problem and a greater
(https://worldhealthorg.shinyapps.io/averagecurves/) was used to compare influenza virus seasonality before attention should be paid to this vulnerable group. In Cameroon, protocol for managing malnutrition integrates nutritional therapy
and during the COVID-19pandemic. through a healthy and balanced complementary foods using local food items [2] , according to WHO recommendations.
Results: A total of 6246 specimens were tested and 24.5% were positive for influenza virus. Significantly Spirulina (Spirulina platensis) is an alga known to boost the immune system. In a food formulation dynamic, a source of
higher influenza positivity rates were observed in the School age groups (2-4 and 5-14 years), while all age carbohydrates and lipids must be added to make a balanced diet. The objective of this work is therefore to produce a balanced
groups above 15 years were associated with increased frequency of SARS-CoV-2 infection. A change in the weaning food based on rice, spirulina, groundnuts, germinated maize capable of covering the nutritional and immune needs of
seasonality of influenza Viruses was observed from a bi-annual peak before the pandemic to no clear malnourished children.
seasonal pattern during the pandemic. Methods : Food items were bought in our markets and were pretreated according to the method described by Leng et al., [3].
Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected the influenza surveillance system by changing
All dry samples were grounded into fine flour, were sieved through and packaged in an air tight polyethylene bags until
its seasonality. In addition, the distinct age distribution of both viruses suggests that targeted public health
analyzed according to AOAC method [4].
measures could be implemented to reduce the burden of these infections in Cameroon.
Results: Optimal mixture of ingredients (%) in formulating balanced flour is: - rice (51.8) - Spirulina (8.0) - Groundnut paste
Key words: Epidemiology, Influenza, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pandemic, Cameroon (16.7) - Germinated maize flour (8.5) - Eggs shell (0.75) - Table sugar (14.25). The weaning flour content 6.7 and 2.2g/100g of
water and ash respectively. Proteins, lipids and carbohydrates contents are 14.8, 10.0 and 75.1g/100g respectively. The gross
energy value is 449.6 Kcal/100g. Carbohydrates, lipids and proteins contribute to about 66.8, 20 and 13.2% to the total energy
respectively. This contribution is within the range of recommended values. The formulated rice based complementary flour is
intended for HIV infected children growing normally or malnourished breastfed or not. The quantity of flour needed will depend
SBIO-XX6_PO ETUDE DE LA CO-INFECTION SALMONELLA TYPHI, SALMONELLA
to daily requirement of energy and nutrients.
PARATYPHI AVEC CANDIDA SPP A DOUALA- CAMEROUN.
Conclusion :
Alex Morel Longue a-Département de Biochimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Douala,
- Rice based complementary food formulated is balanced flour capable of meeting the energy and nutritional needs of
Essouaa, Fabrice Fabien BP. 24157 Douala, Cameroun.
weaning age children in accordance with the standards.
Dongho Dongmoa, Rodrigue b-Centre de Recherches en Santé et sur les Pathologies Prioritaires, Institut
Roman Dongang Nanab, de Recherches Médicales et d’Etudes des Plantes Médicinales, BP. 13033
Keywords: Malnutrition, Complementary Food, Siprulina, Balance Diet, HIV Infected Children

06 136
 SBIO XX 14 Contribution de l�analyse sensorielle à l�amélioration de la qualité de l�huile de palme brute :
Descripteurs et profils sensoriels
Ngo Bogmis Mara Naomie;
Landry Lienou Lienoua, Yaoundé, Cameroun.
Kana Sop Marie Modestine;
Martin Luther Mogtomo c- Département de Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de
Ngando Ebongue Georges. Koangaa, Jean Paul Assam Yaoundé I, BP. 337 Yaoundé, Cameroun.
Le travail de thèse proposé s�intègre dans un projet de recherche sur le palmier à huile. Avec l�huile de palme brute (huile Assamc*, Rosalie Anne d- Département de Biochimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Yaoundé
Ngono Nganea, Véronique I, BP. 812 Yaoundé, Cameroun.
rouge) comme cas d�étude, ce travail vise à mettre au point des outils sensoriels pour apprécier la qualité de l�huile de palme
Penlap Nintchomd. Correspondance: Jean Paul Assam Assam, BP. 337 Cameroun. E-mail :
brute sur les marchés. Etant donné qu�à nos jours aucune référence connue des descripteurs sensoriel n�a été reportée
[email protected]; Tel : +237 69338896
s�agissant de l�huile rouge comme c�est le cas pour les autres huiles végétales, il est question de i) définir les descripteurs Introduction : Les fièvres causées par Salmonella typhi et Salmonella paratyphi posent un véritable
sensoriels propres à ce produit; ii) analyser les profils sensoriels et paramètres physico chimiques des échantillons et iii) problème de santé publique. Surtout, à Douala où l’accès à l’eau potable est difficile. Ces pathogènes sont
étudier les corrélations entre les analyses sensorielles et physico- chimiques. Plusieurs bassins de production de l�huile de capables d’entretenir des relations avec Candida spp, commensal au tube digestif, afin de créer un
palme brute, ainsi que les consommateurs dans les départements du Moungo, Nyong et Kellé et Sanaga Maritime sont environnement propice à leur résistance aux antibiotiques. L’objectif de ce travail a été d’étudier la co-
impliqués dans l�étude. L�évaluation sensorielle est une discipline dont la mise en �uvre ne nécessite pas de plateau technique infection S. typhi, S. paratyphi avec Candida spp chez les patients à Douala.
particulièrement étoffé et peut se faire par les consommateurs bien entrainés qui ne possèdent pas les outils de laboratoire. A Méthode : Une étude transversale a été menée sur 2500 patients dans 4 hôpitaux de Douala de janvier à
l�aide des enquêtes et les différentes dégustations de panels entrainés, il sera possible de définir les descripteurs et le profil Décembre 2019. Les cultures sur géloses SS, Hektoen et Sabouraud, la galerie biochimique et la
sensoriel de l�huile de palme brute ; établir les profils sensoriels et caractéristiques physico-chimiques des échantillons d�huile microscopie optique ont permis d’identifier les pathogènes. Un antibiogramme a été effectué sur S. typhi
collectés ; établir la corrélation entre les caractéristiques physico-chimiques et les propriétés sensorielles de l�huile rouge. A la après culture in vitro avec C. albicans, sur milieu Potato-Glucose-Broth (PGB), en présence ou pas du
fin, cette étude permettra de doter le consommateur d�outils simples, efficaces et faciles à mettre en �uvre et susceptible de chlorure de magnésium, et traitement ou pas au bouillon sélénite-kétoconazole.
l�aider dans la prise de décision lors de l�acquisition de ce produit sur les marchés. Résultats : Le type d’eau consommée, les habitudes alimentaires, l’âge, le sexe et les saisons ont influencé
la survenue des salmonelloses typhiques et des candidoses (P < 0,05). Les infections à Salmonella spp. ont
Mots clés : analyse sensorielle, qualité, huile de palme brute, descripteurs, profil sensoriel
été corrélées à celles à Candida spp., à 99,50 %. Les patients candidémiques ont eu 29 % de chance, d’être
infectés par les bactéries. Aussi, il a existé in vitro entre Salmonella spp. et Candida spp., une symbiose et
SBIO XX 15 Polymorphism of the msp1 and msp2 genes of Plasmodium falciparum in Oveng and Mintom, South- une compétition caractérisée par la formation ou pas de biofilms. Lesquelles ont augmenté, la résistance de
Cameroon S. typhi aux antibiotiques utilisés. Néanmoins, la ciprofloxacine et la cefoxitime ont été plus adaptées à
l’antibiothérapie.
Charlène Tina Nanssong Vomo1,3, 1Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of
Conclusion : Les candidoses constituent un facteur de risque des récidives de fièvres typhiques, à travers:
Gaelle Aline Bouopda Douala, Douala, Cameroon, 2Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine la formation des biofilms et l’effet sur l’efficacité des antibiotiques.
Tuedom2,3,Leonel Brice Feufack and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon, 3 Malaria
Donfack3,4, Christelle Ngou Maffo3,5, Research Unit, Centre Pasteur of Cameroon, Yaounde, Cameroon, 4 CNRS Mots clés: S. typhi, S. paratyphi, C. albicans, co-infection, résistance, récidives.
Ibrahima-Ibrahima1,3, Claire Belinda UPR9022, INSERM U963, Strasbourg, France, 5 UMR MIVEGEC, IRD , CNRS,
Kiam1,3, Gislaine Jennie Youmsi Research Institute for Development, Montpellier University, 6 Department of Animal
Fostso3,6, Merlin Nsagong Kemeni3,6, Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé,
Luc Abate5, Lawrence Ayong3, Jean Cameroon. SBIO-XX7_PO EVALUATION DU POTENTIEL ANTIOXYDANT ET ANTIDIABETIQUE DES
Arthur Mbida-Mbida1 and Sandrine * [email protected], [email protected] EXTRAITS DE FLEURS DE TARO (COLOCASIA ESCULENTA)
Eveline Nsango2,3. Bekwankoa Fofou Georges Département de Biochimie, Faculté des Sciences, Université de Douala, BP.
Steve 24157 Douala, Cameroun.
Background: Malaria is a major public health challenge in Cameroon, with Plasmodium falciparum being the predominant
causative agent of severe clinical manifestations. Understanding the genetic diversity within the parasite population is crucial Correspondance : [email protected]
for unravelling the mechanisms underlying malaria pathology and thereby informing effective malaria control strategies. The Introduction : Colocasia esculenta, une plante tropicale appartenant à la famille des Aracées, est
present study aimed to determine the prevalence of malaria and the polymorphism of the merozoite surface protein1(msp1) couramment cultivée pour ses tubercules riches en amidon et ses feuilles comestibles, tandis que ses fleurs
and the merozoite surface protein2(msp2) of Plasmodium falciparum in two malaria transmission areas (districts of Mintom and sont souvent négligées dans la consommation. Cependant, des recherches ont mis en lumière la présence
Oveng) in the South Cameroon. de divers métabolites secondaires dans ces fleurs. Notre étude vise à évaluer le potentiel antioxydant des
extraits méthanoliques des fleurs de C. esculenta.
Methods: Plasmodium detection and speciation was performed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The
Méthode : Les fleurs ont été séchées, coupées et broyées pour obtenir des poudres, soumises ensuite à un
identification of Plasmodium species was made from DNA extracted from blood spots and amplified by multiplex PCR
screening phytochimique par des méthodes colorimétriques et de précipitation. Les extraits méthanoliques
(polymerase chain reaction). Amplification products were used to assess gene polymorphism msp1 (KI, MAD20, RO33) and ont été préparés par macération dans l'eau, l'éthanol et le méthanol, suivi de la détermination des teneurs en
msp2 (3D7, FC27) by nested PCR. polyphénols, flavonoïdes et tannins par dosage spectrophotométrique. La capacité de piégeage des radicaux
Results and discuss: A total of 315 P. falciparum isolates were genotyped with significant genetic diversity. Indeed, 12 different libres (DPPH et ABTS) ainsi que l'inhibition des enzymes (alpha amylase et beta glucosidase) ont également
alleles of sizes between 175 and 300bp were identified at the msp1 locus, respectively 03 for K1, 07 for MAD20 and 02 for été évaluées.
RO33. As for msp2, 28 different alleles between 200 and 800bp have been identified, with 14 for 3D7 and 14 for FC27. The Résultats : Les résultats indiquent la présence de flavonoïdes, quinones, alcaloïdes, tannins, terpénoïdes,
most common allelic family in the population was FC27 (100%) followed by 3D7 (98.4%). The rarest allelic families were stérols et saponines dans les fleurs de Colocasia esculenta. Les teneurs moyennes en polyphénols,
MAD20 (75.2%) and RO33 (74.9%). The number of clones varied from 1 to 7 per patient, and 99% of infections were flavonoïdes et tannins sont respectivement de 29,39 mg EAG/g d'extrait, 41,99 mg EQ/g d'extrait et 1,1 mg
polyclonal. The multiplicity of infections (MOI) was significantly higher (P<0.05) for Pfmsp-2(4.85), compared to Pfmsp-1(2.4) EC/g d'extrait. Les extraits ont présenté des capacités de piégeage des radicaux (DPPH et ABTS) avec des
and heterozygosities ranged from 0.83 for Pfmsp-1 at 0.98 for Pfmsp-2. IC50 variant de 0,04 à 1,3 mg/ml, et une inhibition proportionnelle des enzymes à différentes concentrations.
Conclusion: The high genetic diversity and high allelic polymorphism in P. falciparum isolates indicate a high level of malaria Conclusion : Les fleurs de Colocasia esculenta dévoilent un potentiel thérapeutique prometteur grâce à

12 5 07
 reported by Selmi et al., 2017 [5] on the fruit peels of the parent C. sinensis. The extract
exhibited transaminase levels with the extracts are low and comparable to those
observed in mice pre-treated with the control molecule (silymarin). The results showed
leurs propriétés antioxydantes et antidiabétiques. Ces résultats suggèrent une possible utilisation future dans
le développement de traitements ou de compléments alimentaires visant à contrer le stress oxydatif et les that extract at 400 mg/kg b.w induced significant depletion of hepatic enzymes. The
complications liées au diabète. lesions associated with severe histopathological damage in the ethanol or paracetamol
group were protected in the rat pre-treated with extract as with the molecules used as
Mots clés : Colocasia esculenta, extrait méthanolique, polyphénols, stress oxydatif, antioxydant control. The hepatoprotective effect of EFPE are similar with those observed on seeds by
Udom et al., 2018 [6].
Conclusion: CPFPE significantly protect against gastric damages caused by
ethanol administration and acute hepatitic damages caused by paracetamol
administration in rats.
SBIO-XX8_PO FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF THE PHYSICOCHEMICAL Key words : Citrus x paradisi, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective.
COMPOSITION OF A RICE BASED COMPLEMENTARY FOOD FORTIFIED WITH REFERENCES
SPIRULINA 1. Feinstein LB, Holman RC, Christensen KL, Steiner CA, Swerdlow DL. Swerdlow
Ngo Tang C. D.a*, a Department of Biochemistry, University of Douala, Douala, Cameroon Trends in Hospitalizations for Peptic Ulcer Disease, United States, 1998�2005.
Tobit P.a, Leng M. b Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, University of Ngaounderé, Ngaounderé, Emerg Infect Dis. (2010);16(9):1410�8.
S.a, Ndjouenkeu Cameroon 2. Thompson Meagan; Yogini Jaiswal; Ilya Wang et Leonard Williams.
R.b, Gouado I.a *Corresponding Author : E-mail : [email protected] Tél : Hepatotoxicity: treatment, causes and applications of medicinal plants as
+237 680 943 514 therapeutic agents? the journal of phytopharmacology?(2017), 6(3): 186-193p.
Introduction: Childhood protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a status derived from an imbalance between 3. Gabriel Perlemuter, Leon Perlemuter. Guide de Therapeutique. 2010. Ed. 6.
nutritional and/or energy intake and needs. After the age of 6 months, an inadequacy of the complementary 4. Busardò F.P. et A. Grieco.Editorial � drug-induced hepatotoxicity.European
food will alter child nutritional status. Malnourished children have 11 times higher risk of death than those who Review For Medical and Pharmacological Sciences (2017), 21 :135-137p.
are not, and those who are HIV infected 3 times than those who are HIV non infected. PEM coupled with HIV 5. Selmi S., Rtibi K., Grami D., Sebai H. and Marzouki L. Protective effects of
is therefore a serious global public health problem and a greater attention should be paid to this vulnerable orange (Citrus sinensis L.) peel aqueous extract and hesperidin on oxidative
group. In Cameroon, protocol for managing malnutrition integrates nutritional therapy through a healthy and stress and peptic ulcer induced by alcohol in rat. Lipids in Health and Disease
balanced complementary foods using local food items, according to WHO recommendations. Spirulina (2017) 16 :152
(Spirulina platensis) is an alga known to boost the immune system. In a food formulation dynamic, a source 6. Udom G. J., Yemitan O. K., Umoh E., Mbagwu H. O. C., Ukpe E., Thomas P.S.
of carbohydrates and lipids must be added to make a balanced diet. The objective of this work is therefore to Hepatoprotective Properties of Ethanol Seed Extract of Citrus paradisi Macfad
produce a balanced weaning food based on rice, spirulina, groundnuts, germinated maize capable of (Grape Fruit) Against Paracetamol-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Wistar Rats.
covering the nutritional and immune needs of malnourished children. Journal of Herbal Drugs, (2018). Vol. 8, No. 4: 219-225
Methods: Food items were bought in our markets and were pretreated according to the method described by Acknowedgments
Leng et al. All dry samples were grounded into fine flour, were sieved through and packaged in an air tight The General hospital of Douala, Faculty of Sciences of the University of Douala.
polyethylene bags until analyzed according to AOAC method.
Results: Optimal mixture of ingredients (%) in formulating balanced flour is: - rice (51.8) - Spirulina (8.0) -
Groundnut paste (16.7) - Germinated maize flour (8.5) - Eggs shell (0.75) - Table sugar (14.25). The weaning
flour content 6.7 and 2.2g/100g of water and ash respectively. Proteins, lipids and carbohydrates contents
are 14.8, 10.0 and 75.1g/100g respectively. The gross energy value is 449.6 Kcal/100g. Carbohydrates, lipids
and proteins contribute to about 66.8, 20 and 13.2% to the total energy respectively. This contribution is
within the range of recommended values. The formulated rice based complementary flour is intended for HIV
infected children growing normally or malnourished breastfed or not. The quantity of flour needed will depend
to daily requirement of energy and nutrients.
Conclusion: Rice based complementary food formulated is balanced flour capable of meeting the energy
and nutritional needs of weaning age children in accordance with the standards.

Keywords: Malnutrition, Complementary Food, Siprulina, Balance Diet, HIV Infected Children

SBIO-XX9_PO FORMULATION D’UNE FARINE DE COMPLEMENT A BASE DE PRODUITS LOCAUX

: MAIS (ZEA MAYS), COURGE (CUCURBITA PEPO), SOJA (GLYCINE MAX),
PRETRAITES ET ENRICHIE A LA SPIRULINE (SPIRULINA PLATENSIS) POUR
ENFANTS DE 6 A 24 MOIS
Youogo Marlène1, 1Biochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Douala,
Dongmo Djeuben Thales1, Cameroon
Mananga Marlyne - 2 Laboratory of food science and metabolism, Faculty of Sciences, University PETROMINE

08 114
 Josephine2, Dongmo of Yaoundé, Cameroon
Tableau 1 : Niveau d�activité physique en fonction des milieux de vie
Hygride3 , Manz Koule 3Biochemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Dschang,
Paramètre Catégories Global Urbain Semi-urbain Rural p valeur Jules1 , Demasse Cameroon
n (%) n(%) n(%) n(%) Mawamba Adelaide1 , 4Plant Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, University of Antananarivo,
Niveau Intense 226 (25,7) 27(11,9) 23 (10,2) 176 (77,9) Nafack Tsazeu Judicael Madagascar
d´activité Modéré 318 (36,2) 163 (51,3) 75 (23,6) 80 (25,2) <0,0001 Boris1,4 , Kana Sop Marie
physique Faible 335 (38,1) 182 (54,5) 96 (28,7) 56 (16,9) Modestine1 Corresponding author: [email protected]
Introduction : L’état nutritionnel des enfants de moins de cinq ans, montre que seuls 69 % des enfants de 6-
n :effectif, AP : activité physique
9 mois reçoivent en plus du lait maternel, des aliments de complément. Ces aliments de complément
Dans la population générale, l�effectif des participants du milieu urbain était de 372, celui du milieu semi-urbain était de 312 et
fabriqués localement bien que couvrant les apports glucidiques ne fournissent pas les apports suffisant en
celui du milieu rural était 195 avec respectivement 42,3%; 35,5% et 22,3%. Il a été observé de ces résultats que, dans les
protéines et minéraux tels le fer, zinc, iode et autres. C’est ainsi que 77% d’enfants de 9-11 mois sont atteints
milieux urbain et semi-urbain, très peu de participants avaient un niveau d�activité physique intense. Cependant, dans le milieu
d`anémie. En 2011, chez les enfants de 1 à 5 ans, 69 % souffraient d’une carence en zinc, 35 % d’une
rural, les participants dans leur majorité avaient un niveau activité physique intense (soit 77,9%) comparativement à ceux des
carence en vitamine A et 28% d’une carence en vitamine B12. Cette étude a été menée avec pour objectif de
milieux urbain et semi-urbain (p<0,0001).
formuler un aliment de complément nutritionnellement équilibré pour enfants de 6- 24mois à base de maïs,
Conclusions soja, courge et enrichi à la spiruline.
Le risque cardiométabolique est plus élevé dans le milieu urbain que les milieux semi-urbains et ruraux ; Méthode : Des traitements ont été appliquées au maïs (trempage et germination), au Soja (trempage,
Le risque cardiométabolique augmente avec les effets de l�urbanisation et la sédentarité. dépulpage et torréfaction) et à la courge (précuisson). Les farines obtenues après traitement ont été
analysées par la méthode AOAC. Le mélange des différentes matrices s’est fait via un plan de mélange avec
Mots clés : Urbanisation, risques cardiométabolique, activités physique, milieux de vie obtention de 8 formulations dont les plus optimales seront caractérisées nutritionnellement et
Références : fonctionnellement suivi d’un test d’acceptabilité avec un panel de 30 mères/nourrices. La réhabilitation
1- Van Dijk SJ, Tellam RL, Morison JL. (2015). Resent development on the role of epigenetics in obesity and metabolic nutritionnelle sera menée auprès de 377 enfants de 6-24 mois souffrant de malnutrition aigüe modérée avec
diseases. Lin Epignetic; 7:66. mesure des paramètres anthropométriques et biochimiques (Hémoglobine, pré albumine) en début et à la fin.
2- NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-Risc) correspondence to Pr Ezzati M. (2017). Worldwide trends in body-mass index, Résultats : Les farines prétraitées présentent une bonne teneur en protéines variant de 8,40 ± 0,00 à 40,46
underweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128.9 million ± 0,06 g/100g MS et en fer (4,7 ± 0,08 et 101,17 ± 0,35 mg/100g MS) pour le soja et la spiruline
children, adolescents and adults. Lancet; 390; 2627-42. respectivement.
3- Ashwell M, Gunn P, Gibson S. et al. (2011). Waist-to-height ratio is a better screening tool than waist circumference and
BMI for adult cardiometabolic risk factors: systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev. 13 :275-86. Mots clés : farine de complément ; supplémentation ; spirulina platensis ; réhabilitation
4- Bull F, Goenka S, Lambert V. et al. (2017). Physical Activity for the Prevention of Cardimetabolic Disease. Cardiovascular,
Respiratory, and Related Disorders. 3rd edition. Washington (DC): The International Bank for Reconstruction and
Development/The World Bank.
Mots-clés: Urban computing, Data Mining, Social Mega Data, Decision support system, urban mobility system, sustainability.
Remerciements :
Laboratoire de BPOA, de Biochimie et le Centre National d�Obésité

SBIO XX 13 Protective effects of orange (Citrus paradisi) peels ethanolic extract on ethanol-induced gastric ulcer
and paracetamol-induced acute hepatitis in male Wistar rats
Fanny-Aimée ESSOMBE Context and justification : Diseases of the digestive system and liver are the
MALOLO1,2*, Carole Else leading cause of hospitalization worldwide [1]. In particular, hepatotoxicity affects more
EBOUMBOU MOUKOKO2*, Armel than fifty million people worldwide and peptic ulcer disease [2].
NSAM NFOTABONG2, Lidwine
Problematic: The treatment used against these diseases are very expensive
NGAH2, Bertin SONE ENONE2,
Sidonie ANANGA , Simone
2 and present important side effects (hypersensitivity, arrhythmia, hematopoietic changes)
FANNANG2, François EYA�ANE [3,4]. Citrus Paradisi probably make a considerable contribution.
MEVA2, Jean Claude NDOM1,3, Methodology: 200 and 400 mg of crude ethanolic fruit peel extract (EFPE) were
Jean Duplex WANSI3, Emmanuel administered by nasogastric tube to two groups of G and H rats consisting of 3 batches of
Albert MPONDO MPONDO2,4. 5 rats each (representing the neutral, negative and positive controls). Then, gastric ulcer
and hepatitis was induced in rats according to the Kanbur and al.�s procedures.
Results and Discussion: The percentages of protection of the gastric mucosa
were 6-7 times higher for rats pre-treated with EFPE than those of batch 1 and
comparable to the control molecule (omeprazole). At equal concentrations (200 mg / kg
bw) the gastroprotective effect of the FFPE therefore appears to be 1.2 greater than that

10 3 09
 significantly higher (P < 0.001) in Penka-Michel compared to Santchou and Dschang (45.25 b/h/n vs 3.1 b/h/n and 0.41 b/h/n).
A peak biting activity of An. gambiae sl was recorded during the first part of the night both indoors (9-10pm) and outdoors
(11pm). In Santchou, P. falciparum and P. malariae infection rates were 1.6% (4/249) and 0.8% (2/249), while only P.
SBIO XX 10 Anti-uterine leiomyoma effects of the stem bark decoction of Myrianthus arboreus P. Beauv.
falciparum was found in Penka-Michel at 0.5% (1/182). An. gambiae appears to be the most infected vector, and infectious
(Cecropiaceae) in Wistar rat.
vector distribution is highly focal, with entomological inoculation rates (EIR) 6-fold higher in Penka-Michel compared to
Sylvin Benjamin Ateba1*, Lauriane 1Department of Biology of Animal Organisms, Faculty of Science, University of Douala,
P.O. Box 24157 Douala, Cameroon 2Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Santchou (0.24 vs 0.04ib/h/n).
Francoise Chantal Engome Mbella2,
Jolivette Nanfah Voutsop1, Charline Medicine and Pharmaceutical Science, University of Douala, P.O. Box 2701 Douala, Conclusion: Despite the high diversity observed at the study sites, An. gambiae remains the predominant malaria vector.
Florence Awounfack3, Judith Caroline Cameroon; 3Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Science, University Moreover, the study revealed a difference in mosquito composition and host-seeking behavior with altitude and calls for
of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon. continuous epidemiological surveillance to prevent the potential risk of a malaria epidemic in the highlands.
Ngo Nyobe2, Gisèle Etame-Loe2, Alain
*Corresponding author: [email protected], [email protected] Keywords: Anopheles, diversity, behavior, transmission, highland, western Cameroon.
Bertrand Dongmo , Dieudonné Njamen
1 3

Sustainable urban systems are designed to address the social, environmental, and economic challenges faced by cities and
their populations, including energy management, water management, waste management, mobility. The design of such
systems aims to find innovative solutions to these challenges. To achieve this, it is important to have accurate, complete, and
coherent metadata. These metadata often come from diverse sources such as sensors, government databases, social
networks, transportation systems, topographic surveys. This diversity of sources inevitably leads to heterogeneities at various SBIO XX 12 ACTIVITE PHYSIQUE ET MALADIES CARDIOMETABOLIQUES DANS TROIS ZONES (URBAINE, SEMI-
levels, including formats, structures, semantics, and even sources, which greatly hinder the integration and exploitation of this URBAINE ET RURALE) DE LA REGION DU LITTORAL-CAMEROUN
metadata. Resolving these different heterogeneities involves ensuring the interoperability of the metadata on one hand, and Bilog NC 1, 2, Mekoulou NJ 1,2, 1-Department of Biology of Animal Organisms, Faculty of Science, University of Douala,
their sources on the other hand. Among the multitude of solutions available for this purpose, the one chosen in our work is the Bika Lele EC 1,2, Guessogo WR1,3, Douala, Cameroun; 2-Exercise and Sport Physiology Unit, Faculty of Science, University
use of fuzzy ontologies: (1) At the metadata level, they are used for aligning heterogeneous data schemas by identifying of Douala, Douala, Cameroon; 3-National Institute for Youth and Sports Yaoundé,
Assomo-Ndemba PB 2,4,
correspondences between concepts and attributes. (2) At the data source level, a fuzzy ontology is created for each source, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon; 4-Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and
and then all the created fuzzy ontologies are merged into a global ontology that can be used by decision-makers. The choice of Ahmadou1,2, Etaga NB 1,2,
Mandengue SH1,2, Guyot J 5,6, Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Cameroon; 5-Laboratoire SAINBIOSE
fuzzy ontologies as a solution to interoperability is not made lightly, as this approach not only ensures interoperability between INSERM U1059, Université Jean Monnet, 42023 Saint Etienne, France; 6-EA 4607,
heterogeneous systems but also takes into account the uncertainties and inaccuracies that urban data on one hand and their Dupré C 5,6, Bongue B5,6, Etoundi
Laboratory SNA-EPIS, Jean Monnet, University, St-Etienne, France; 7-Department of
heterogeneous sources on the other hand may present. Ngoa LS 2,4,7, Ayina Ayina CN1,2*
Animal Science, Higher Teacher�s Training College, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé,
Keywords: Multi-source and heterogeneous metadata, interoperability, fuzzy ontology, sustainable urban systems. Cameroon
E-mail: [email protected] /[email protected] Tel: +237 699591414

Contexte, justification et problematique de l’ étude

SBIO XX 11 Malaria vectors and transmission in the highlands of Western Cameroon La population mondiale est plus concentrée dans les villes, ce phénomène ne fera que s�accroître. Cette augmentation de la
population induirait l�utilisation massive des véhicules et contribuerait à développer les maladies cardiométabolique (Van Dijk
Belinda Claire KIAM1,2, Aline Gaelle 1 Facultyof Sciences, University of Douala, BP 24157, Douala, Cameroon 2 et al., 2015). La présente avait pour objectif de déterminer l�impact de l�activité physique sur la survenue des maladies
BOUOPDA TUEDOM2,3, Ibrahima IBRAHIMA1,2, Malaria Research Unit, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, BP 1274, Yaounde, cardiométabolique.
Clément Janvier ONGUENE2, Luc ABATE4, Cameroon 3 Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Méthodes
Brigitte TUMAMO2, Charlène Tina of Douala, BP 2701, Douala, Cameroon 4 MIVEGEC, Université Montpellier, Il s�agit d�une étude transversale auprès 879 adolescents et adultes (336 hommes et 543 femmes) apparemment sains et âgés
NANSSONG1,2, Jean Arthur MBIDA MBIDA1, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier France 5 University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA de 18 à 64 ans dans la région du littoral Douala et Edéa (milieux urbains), Pouma et Dibombari (milieux semi-urbains), Ndom
Zachary Popkin-Hall6, Jonathan B. Parr6, Jessica 6 University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA 7 et Logbadjek (milieux ruraux). Les données ont été collectées par échantillonnage aléatoire dans les zones suscités. Les
T Lin6 Samuel J. WHITE6, Jonathan J. University of Dschang, Cameroon paramètres anthropométriques (poids, taille et TT) et la pression artérielle ont été mesuré et harmonisées entre les différentes
JULIANO6, Innocent Ali MBULLI7 Rhoel zones d�étude. Les analyses biochimiques ont été réalisées par spectrophotométrie au moyen des mêmes méthodes afin de
Corresponding author: [email protected] ;
DINGLASAN5, Sandrine Eveline NSANGO2,3. permettre des comparaisons. Un questionnaire a été administré servant à déterminer les habitudes alimentaires et la pratique
[email protected]
de l�activité physique et la qualité du sommeil et le risque cardiométabolique a été évalué à partir du TT/T (Ashwell et al.,
Introduction and Objectives: Assessing vector bionomics in a changing landscape like Cameroon, is crucial to improving vector 2011).
control strategies. Several entomological studies have been conducted to describe malaria transmission in different eco-
Résultats
epidemiological settings in the country; however, current knowledge of the vector system responsible for malaria transmission
in highland areas remain incomplete. This study aimed to characterize malaria vectors the west region, in an effort to define the
vector composition as well as their role in local malaria transmission.
Methods: Human landing catches (HLCs) were conducted from May to June 2023 in Santchou (5°25'N; 9°58'E; 700m),
Dschang (5°25'N; 10°03'E; 1400m) and Penka-Michel (5°28'N; 10°15'E; 1500m). Mosquito collection was performed from 6:00
pm to 9:00 am indoors and outdoors using respectively 78, 166, and 50 collectors in randomly selected houses at each site.
Mosquitoes were sorted into genus, and all Anopheles species were identified using morphological taxonomic keys and
species-specific Polymerase Chain reaction (PCR). Entomological indicators including species composition and abundance,
biting behavior, infection rate and entomological inoculation rate (EIR) were assessed. Genomic DNA from Anopheles head
and thoraces were tested for Plasmodium infection by real-time PCR.
Results: Overall, 2835 Anopheles (76 in Dschang, 249 in Santchou and 2308 in Penka-Michel) representing 6 distinct species
(An. gambiae, An coluzzii, An. funestus, An. leesoni, An. nili and An. ziemanni) were collected although An. gambiae was the Figure 1 : Répartition de la population d�étude selon les milieux de vie.
predominant species. An. funestus was only found in Penka-Michel and An. nili sl in Santchou. An. gambiae sl and An.
funestus were aggressive throughout the night both indoors and outdoors. The human-biting rates of An. gambiae sl was
1 2
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PARTENAIRES TRENTENAIRE DE LA FACULTÉ DES SCIENCES
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Professeur Théophile Ngando Mpondo
Figure emblématique de la Faculté des Sciences
Éminent chimiste. PCA Université de Douala