Level 1

1. GM plants are produced by inserting desired genes in the plasmid of

1) E.coli 2) Pseudomonas
3) Bacillus subtilis 4) Agrobacterium
2. The applications of Biotechnology include
(A) Therapeutics (B) Diagnostics
(C) GM crops for agriculture (D) Processed food
(E) Bioremediation (F) Waste treatment
(G) Energy production
1) A, B, C, E only 2) C only 3) B, C, D, E only 4) A,B,C,D,E,F,G
3. Golden rice is a
1) Hybrid 2) GM plant 3) Transgenic plant 4) Both 2 and 3
4. Humulin is a
1) Natural insulin
2) GM plant
3) Human insulin synthesized in pancreas
4) Human insulin synthesized by genetically engineered E.coli
5. Abiotic stress resistance and diseases resistance in plants can be induced by
1) Genetic engineering 2) Tissue culture
3) Hybridoma technology 4) DNA technology
6. After the green revolution, how many times food production is increased?
1) 2 2) 3 3) 4 4) 5
7. The following are advantages of GM crops except
1) They reduce reliance on chemical pesticides
2) Increase efficiency of mineral usage
3) Enhanced nutritional value of food
4) Post-harvest losses are more
8. Which of the following crops are now genetically modified by Bt-toxin gene except?
(A) Cotton (B) Corn (C) Rice (D) Arhar (E) Potato
1) A, B, and C only 2) D, E, and F only
3) C,D,G 4) D only
9. Humulin was first marketed by
1) Eli Lilly 2) Sun Pharma 3) Nova Industry 4) May and Baker
10. In RNAi, what type of RNA is produced in the host?
l) sence strand 2) antisense strand 3) tRNA 4) Both (1) (2)
11. Bt-toxin is insecticidal because
l ) Activated toxin binds to the surface of midgut epithelial cells and finally leads to death Of
the insect.
2) It decreases the growth of the nervous system of the insect
3) It makes the insects unable to fly
4) It kills insects by affecting its blood flow.
12. Select the correct statement regarding Bt. cotton
I) Most Bt-toxins are insect group non- specific.
2) Bt-toxin gene is coded with the name 'CRY'.
3) Genes crylAc and cryIlAb form protein that control cotton bollworms.
4) cryIAc gene forms protein that control corn borer
13. The following are genes except
1) cry I Ac 2) cry I Ab 3) ROP 4) Sal
14. Protein encoded by a gene cry I Ab controls
I) Cotton bollworm 2) Beetles 3) Corn borer 4) Flies
15. Golden rice is enriched with
1) Beta carotene 2) Lysine 3) Vitamin C 4) Iron
16. A nematode infects the roots of tobacco plants and causes great reduction in yield.
I ) Ancylostoma 2) Taenia 3) lineloidogyne 4 Wuchereria
17. The first transgenic crop plant was
I ) Cotton 2) Cereals 3) Tobacco 4) Pea
18. RNAi process takes place in
I) Prokaryotes 2) Unicellular eukaryotes only
3) Multicellular eukaryote only 4 All eukaryotes
19. Which of the following is true about RNAi process except?
1) It is a method of cellular e ence
2) It involves silencing of a specific mRNA due to a complementary dsRNA molecule.
3) Source of complementary RNA in this process could be from an infection by viruses
having RNA genomes
4) It involves silencing of a specific tRNA due to a complementary dsRNA molecule
20. Identify A and B in the diagram.

+l) (a) -A fully mature cotton boll, (b) -Destroyed

by bollworms
2) (a) -Destroyed by bollworms, (b) -Fully mature cotton boll
3) (a) -Destroyed by virus, (b) -Immature cotton boll
4) (a) - Immature normal cotton boll, (b) -Destroyed by virus
21. In which of the processes, both the DNA strands are transcribed?
l) PCR 2) DNA replication 3) RNAi 4) Southern blotting
22. Which of the following vector is used to transfer nematode specific gene in host plant?
I) Virus 2) Rhizobium 3) Agrobacterium 4) Cosmid
23. What is true about Bt-toxin?
l) The concerned bact us as antioxins
2) The inactive protoxin gets converted into active form in the insect gut.
3) Bt-protein exists as active toxin in the Bacillus
4) The activated toxin enters the ovary of pest to sterilize it and thus prevent its
multiplication
24. RNAi stands for
I) RNA infection 2) RNA induction 3) RNA interference 4) RNA inhibition
25. Some of the characteristics of Bt-cotton are
l) Long fibre and resistance o alphids.
2) Maximum yield, long fibre and resistance to beetle pests.
3) High yield and production of toxin protein crystal which kills dipteran pests only
4) High yield and resistance to bollworms
26. How many recombinant therapeutics have been approved for human use all over the
world?
1) 10 2) 20 3) 30 4) 90
27. How many recombinant products are presently being marketed in India?
1) 10 2) 20 3) 12 4) 30
28. Which of the following is not used as a bioweapon?
1) Bacillus anthracis 2) Botulinum toxin
3) Bacillus thuringiensis 4) Smallpox
29. Transgenic plants are produced by
1) Inducing gene mutation 2) Arresting spindle fibre formation
3) Deleting sex chromosome 4) Introducing foreign genes
30. Peptide A and peptide B are linked by how many disulphide linkages between their
proinsulin?
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
31. Why is insulin not administered orally to diabetic patients?
1) Insulin is bitter in taste
2) Insulin is a peptide
3) Insulin will lead to a sudden decrease in blood sugar if given orally
4) Insulin leads to pancreatic ulcer if given orally
32. What is the source of Ti plasmid which is modified and used as a cloning vector to
deliver the desired genes into plant cells?
1) Agrobacterium tumefaciens 2) Thermophilus aquaticus
3) Pyrococcus furiosus 4) Aedes aegypti
33. The first clinical gene therapy was given in
1) 1992 2) 1990 3) 1995 4) 1997
34. Select the incorrect matching.
1) ADA - Adenosine Aminase
2) ELISA - Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay
3) PCR - Polymerase Chain Reaction
4) PKU - Phenylketonuria
35. ADA deficiency is due to
1) Insertion of gene 2) Deletion of gene
3) Duplication of gene 4) Translocation of gene
36. Permanent cure for ADA deficiency is
1) Genetically engineered lymphocyte 2) Bone marrow transplantation
3) Enzyme replacement therapy
4) Functional ADA gene introduced in the early embryonic stages
37. The first clinical gene therapy was given to a _____
1) 2-year-old girl 2) 6-year-old girl
3) 4-year-old girl 4) 8-year-old girl

Level 2
1. Applications of biotechnology include
I) Therapeutics
II) Diagnostics
III) GMO
IV) Processed food
1) 1, II, III only
2) II, III, IV only
3) I, III, IV only
4) I, II, III, IV
2. The critical research areas of biotechnology are
I) Providing the best catalyst like pure enzyme or improved microbe
II) Creating optimal conditions for a catalyst to act
III) Downstream processing technologies to purify the protein or organic compound
1) I only
2) II only
 3) III only
4) I, II, III
3. Biotechnology helped to improve the quality of human life especially in the field of
I) Food production
II) Health
III) Sports
IV) Birth control
1) I, II, III only
2) II, III, IV only
3) I, III only
4) I, II, III, IV
4. The options that can be used for increased food production through biotechnology are
I) Agro-chemical based agriculture
II) Organic agriculture
III) Genetically engineered crop-based agriculture
1) I, II only
2) II, III only
3) I, III only
4) I, II, III
5. Dramatic increase in agricultural production was termed as 'Green Revolution' by
I) Norman Borlaug
II) Dr. M.S. Swaminathan
III) William Gaud
IV) Herbert Boyer
1) I, II only
2) III only
3) I, II, III only
4) III, IV only
6. During achieving "Green Revolution" increased yields are mainly due to
I) Improved crop varieties
II) Better management practices
III) Use of agrochemicals
 1) I only
2) I, II only
3) I, II, III
4) II, III only
7. Use of genetically modified crops is a possible better solution for increased yield
because
I) Agrochemicals are too expensive
II) Agrochemicals show harmful effects on the environment
III) Conventional breeding methods are not sufficient
1) I, II only
2) I, II, III
3) II, III only
4) III only
8. Genetically modified Bt cotton has the following attributes
I) Tolerant to abiotic stresses
II) Reduced reliance on chemical pesticides
III) Reduced post-harvest losses
IV) Increased efficiency of mineral usage
1) I, II only
2) II only
3) III, IV
4) I, II, III, IV
9. Lepidopterans that are killed by Bacillus thuringiensis, are
I) Tobacco budworm
II) Armyworm
III) Beetles
IV) Flies
1) I, II only
2) I, II, III only
3) I, II, III, IV
4) III, IV only
10. Cry I Ab controls
 I) Cotton bollworms
II) Corn borers
III) Beetles
IV) Flies
1) I only
2) II only
3) I and II
4) I, II, III, IV
11. Cotton bollworms are controlled by
I) Cry IAC
II) Cry I Ab
III) Cry II Ab
1) I, II only
2) I, II, III only
3) II, III only
4) I, II, III
12. The source of complementary RNA that is involved in RNA interference (RNAi) could
be from
I) Host plant
II) Nematode
III) RNA viruses
IV) Transposons
1) I, II, III only
2) II, III, IV only
3) III, IV only
4) I, II, III, IV
13. Cloned DNAs are utilized in the commercial synthesis of
I) Insulin
II) Interferons
III) Vaccines
IV) I,II,III,IV
14. "Insulin" used for diabetes was earlier extracted from the pancreas of
 I) Slaughtered cattle
II) Slaughtered pigs
III) Human beings
IV) I,II,III
1) I only
2) I, II only
3) II, III only
4) I, II, III
15. Eli Lilly company produced DNA sequences corresponding to the following types of
chains of Insulin gene
I) A chain
II) B Chain
III) C chain
IV) D chain
1) I only
2) II only
3) I and II
4) I, II, III, IV
16. The following techniques are used for early diagnosis of a disease
I) Serum and urine analysis
II) rDNA technology
III) PCR method
IV) ELISA
1) I only
2) I, II only
3) II, III, IV
4) I, II, III
17. In Ti plasmid, which of the following is removed?
I) Auxin gene
II) Virulent gene
III) Cytokinin gene
IV) Auxin and cytokinin genes
18. What might be an advantage of beginning gene therapy prior to birth?
I) This would give the body plenty of time to utilize the new genes
II) The body would not reject it as it has not yet recognized 'self.
III) The cells being extremely young, are more receptive to gene therapy.
IV) Probably there is not any advantage.
1) I only 2) I, II only 3) II, III only 4) I, II, III, IV
19. Which one of the following is a correct statement?
I) "Bt" in "Bt-cotton" indicates that it is a genetically modified organism produced through
biotechnology.
II) Classical plant breeding involves fusion of two somatic cells carrying desired genes
III) Anticoagulant hirudin is being produced from transgenic Brassica napus seeds
IV) Golden rice is a transgenic variety of rice rich in vitamin E
20. Which organism is used to transfer T-DNA?
I) Streptomyces hygroscopicus
II) Agrobacterium tumefaciens
III) Salmonella typhi
IV) Escherichia coli
21. An example of gene therapy is
I) Production of injectable hepatitis B vaccine
II) Production of vaccines in food crops like potatoes which can be eaten
III) Production of gene or enzyme adenosine deaminase in persons suffering from
Severe Combined Immuno-deficiency (SCID)
IV) Production of test tube babies by artificial insemination and implantation of fertilized
22. What is true about Bt toxin?
I) Bt protein exists as an active toxin in the Bacillus.
II) The activated toxin enters the ovaries of the pest to sterilize it and thus prevent its
multiplication
III) The concerned Bacillus has antitoxins
IV) The inactive protoxin gets converted into an active form in the insect gut
1) I only
2) II only
3) III only
4) IV only
23. Which of the following genes do not occur naturally in living organisms?
I) Bt genes
II) RNAi genes
III) Cry genes
IV) Endogenous cytoplasmic defense genes
1) I only
2) II only
3) III only
4) IV only
24. Genetically modified (GM) crops can be produced by
I) Recombinant DNA technology
II) Somatic hybridization
III) Cross-breeding
IV) Micropropagation
1) I only
2) II only
3) III only
4) IV only
25. RNA interference is essential for the
I) Cell proliferation
II) Cell defense
III) Cell differentiation
IV) Micropropagation
1) I only
2) II only
3) III only
4) IV only
26. In transgenics, expression of the transgene in the target tissue is determined by
I) Enhancer
II) Promoter
III) Transgene
IV) Reporter
 1) I only
2) II only
3) III only
4) IV only
27. A tumor-inducing plasmid widely used in the production of transgenic plants is that of
I) Escherichia coli
II) Bacillus thuringiensis
III) Staphylococcus aureus
IV) Agrobacterium tumefaciens
28. Which one of the following is a correct statement?
I) "Bt" in "Bt-cotton" indicates that it is a genetically modified organism produced through
biotechnology.
II) Somatic hybridization involves fusion of two complete plant cells carrying desired
genes
III) The anticoagulant hirudin is being produced from transgenic Brassica napus
IV) "Flavr savr" variety of tomato has enhanced the production of ethylene which
improves its taste
1) I only 2) II only 3) III only 4) IV only
29. Natural gene cloning can be done using
I) Bacillus thuringiensis
II) Agrobacterium tumefaciens
III) Pseudomonas putida
IV) Meloidogyne incognita
30. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains have been used for designing novel
I) Bio-metallurgical techniques
II) Bio-mineralization process
III) Bio-insecticidal process
IV) Bio-mineralization process
 Level 3
1. The Bt toxin is not toxic to human beings because
1) The pro Bt toxin activation requires temperatures above human body temperature
2) The Bt toxin recognizes only insect-specific targets
3) The Bt toxin formation from pro Bt toxin requires acidic pH
4) Conversion of pro Bt toxin to Bt toxin takes place only in highly alkaline conditions
2. RNA interference involves
1) Synthesis of cDNA and RNA using reverse transcriptase
2) Silencing of specific mRNA due to complementary dsRNA
3) Interference of RNA in the synthesis of DNA
4) Synthesis of mRNA from DNA
3. Bt toxin genes are isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis and incorporated into crop plants
making them insecticidal. The choice of the cry genes depends upon
1) Crop plant only 2) Targeted pest only
3) Both (1) and (2) 4) Neither type of crop nor targeted pest
4. When DNA is transcribed into mRNA, usually the mRNA remains single-stranded, but in
some cases RNA can be made that is complementary to the mRNA. This RNA is called
and its main function is to
1) Antisense RNA, block gene expression 2) Antisense RNA, amplify mRNA
3) Antisense RNA, enhance translation 4) Reverse transcription, enhance translation
5. Introduction of genetically modified food is not desirable because
1) Allergies and toxicity may be caused
2) Incorporation of antibiotic resistance in human beings
3) Disturbance in metabolism due to enzyme for antibiotic resistance
4) All
6. Tobacco plant resistant to nematode has been developed by the introduction of DNA
that produces (in the host cells)
1) Both sense and anti-sense RNA 2) A particular hormone
3) An antifeedant 4) A toxin protein
7. In the molecular structure of insulin, polypeptide chains A and B are joined by
1) Peptide bond 2) 3,5 phosphodiester bonds 3) Hydrogen bonds4) Disulphide linkage
8. A transgenic organism contains foreign
1) Genes in all cells 2) Genes in some cells 3) RNA in some cells 4) RNA in all cells
9. An example of biofortification is
1) Flavr-savr tomato 2) Golden rice
3) Bt-cotton 4) Humulin
10. Genomic DNA library is
1) Packing of donor DNA in a collection of vectors
2) A collection of gene vectors
3) Collection of organisms for extracting DNA
4) A collection of literature about DNA
11. Which one of the following is used as a vector for cloning genes into higher organisms?
1) Baculovirus 2) Salmonella typhimurium
3) Rhizopus nigricans 4) Retrovirus
12. Human insulin (Humulin) source is
1) GM yeast 2) GM Agrobacterium
3) GM E.coli 4) GM Bacillus
13. Dicer is
1) DNase like enzyme 2) RNase like enzyme
3) An endonuclease 4) An exonuclease
14. During the processing of the prohormone "Proinsulin" into the mature "insulin",
1) C-peptide is added to proinsulin 2) C-peptide is removed from proinsulin
3) B-peptide is added to proinsulin 4) B-peptide is removed from proinsulin
15. The site of production of ADA in the body is
1) Blood plasma 2) Bone marrow 3) Monocytes 4) Lymphocytes
16. Biopiracy means
1) Stealing of bioresource without proper authorization
 2) Exploitation of bio-resource without proper authorization
3) Organization and multinational companies exploit those organisms which can be used
to derive commercial benefits
4) All of the above
17. ADA is an enzyme with a genetic disorder SCID. What is the full form of ADA?
1) Adenosine deaminase 2) Aspartate deaminase
3) Arginine deaminase 4) Adenosine deoxyaminase
18. Pathophysiology is the
1) Study of physiology of pathogen 2) Study of normal physiology of host
3) Study of altered physiology of host 4) Study of pathogens
19. In RNAi, the genes are silenced using
1) ssDNA 2) dsDNA 3) dsRNA 4) ssRNA20. The clinical gene therapy was
done for the treatment of
1) AIDS 2) Cancer 3) Cystic fibrosis 4) SCID
21. In Bacillus thuringiensis, the protein crystals of Bt protoxins are synthesized
1) Throughout its lifespan
2) Never synthesized in bacteria but synthesized in the insect gut
3) During a particular phase of bacterial
4) Synthesized in bacteria with the help of its 80s ribosomes
22. The trigger for activation of the toxin of Bacillus thuringiensis is
1) Acidic pH stomach 2) High temperature
3) Alkaline of gut 4) Mechanical action in the insect gut
23. What is antisense therapy?
1) RNA polymerase producing DNA 2) A cell displaying foreign antigen
3) Production of somaclonal variations
4) An RNA complementary in sequence is used to stop expression of a specific gene\
24. Bt toxin kills insects by
1) Inhibiting protein synthesis 2) Generating excessive heat
3) Creating pores in the midgut epithelial cells, leading to cell swelling and lysis
4) Obstructing a biosynthetic pathway
25. Biolistic technique is used in
1) Gene transfer process 2) Tissue culture process
 3) Hybridization process 4) Germplasm conservation process
26. A transgenic food crop, which may help in solving the problem of night-blindness in
developing countries is
1) Flavr savr tomato 2) Starlink maize 3) Bt soybean 4) Golden rice
27. Which Of the following bio-engineered bacteria is utilized ror cleaning Of marineOil
spills?
l) E.coli 2) Pseudomonas syringav 3) Pseudomonas putida 4) Rhizoctonia solani

Level 4
1. Read the following (A to L) about certain mistakes in 2 of them. 2011
A) Transgenic Rosie produced milk which was humanized and enriched
B) Restriction enzymes used in isolation of DNA from other molecules.
C) Downstream processing is one of the steps of rDNA technology.
D) Disarmed pathogen vectors are also used in the transfer of DNA into the host
Which of the 2 statements have mistakes?
1) B and C 2) A and D 3) A and C 4) C and D
2. The process of RNA interference has been used in the development of plants resistant
to
1) Fungi 2) Viruses 3) Insects 4) Nematodes
3. Tobacco plant resistant to a nematode has been developed by the introduction of DNA
that produces (in the host cells).
1) A particular hormone 2) An antioxidant
3) A toxic protein 4) Both sense and antisense RNA
4. Which of the following Bt crops are being grown in India by the farmers?
1) Maize 2) Cotton 3) Brinjal 4) Soybean
5. The colonies of recombinant bacteria appear white in contrast to blue colonies of non-
recombinant bacteria because of
 1) Containing beta-galactosidase
2) Insertional inactivation of beta-galactosidase in bacteria
3) Insertional inactivation of beta-galactosidase in recombinant bacteria
4) Inactivation of glycosidase enzyme in recombinant bacteria
6. A hormone produced by rDNA technology is
1) Insulin 2) Oestrogen 3) Thyroxin 4) Progesterone
7. Which body of the government of India regulates GM research and safety for introducing
GM organisms for public services?
1) Bio-safety committee 2) Indian Council of Agricultural Research
3) Genetic Engineering Approval Committee
4) Research Committee of Genetic Manipulation
8. In cotton, the toxin present in plant tissue as pro-toxin is converted into active toxin due
to
1) Alkaline pH of the insect gut 2) Acidic pH of the insect gut
3) Action of gut micro-organisms 4) Presence of conversion factors in insect guts
9. Which kind of therapy was given in 1990 to a 4-year-old girl with Adenosine deaminase
(ADA) deficiency?
1) Gene therapy 2) Chemotherapy 3) Radiotherapy 4) Enzyme replacement therapy
10. Use of bioresources by multinational companies and organizations without
authorization from the concerned country and its people is called
1) Bioexploitation 2) Bioinfringement 3) Biodedation 4) Biopiracy
11. A new variety of rice was patented by a foreign company, though such varieties have
been present in India for a long time. This is related to
1) Basmati 2) CO-667
3) Lerma Roja 4) Sharbati Sonora
12. The two polypeptides of human insulin are linked together by
1) Phospho-di-ester bonds 2) Covalent bonds
3) Disulfide bridges 4) Hydrogen bonds
13. Which part of the tobacco plant is infected by Meloidogvne incognita?
1) Leaf 2) Stem 3) Root 4) Flower
14. Which of the following is true for Golden rice?
1) It is a Vitamin A enriched, with a gene from daffodil
2) It is a pest resistant, with a gene from Bacillus thuringiensis
 3) It is drought tolerant, developed using Agrobacterium vector
4) It has yellow grains because of a gene introduced from a primitive variety of rice.
15. Which of the following can be used as a biocontrol agent in the treatment of plant
disease?
1) Trichoderma 2) Chlorella 3) Anabaena 4) Lactobacillus
16. Select the correct group of biocontrol agents
1) Bacillus thuringiensis, Tobacco mosaic virus, Aphids
2) Trichoderma, Baculovirus, Bacillus thuringiensis
3) Oscillatoria, Rhizobium, Trichoderma
4) Nostoc, Azospirillum, Nucleopolyhedrovirus
17. A biocontrol agent to be a part of an integrated pest management should be
1) Species specific and symbiotic 2) Free-living and broad-spectrum
3) Narrow-spectrum and symbiotic
4) Species-specific and inactive on non-target organisms
18. Mad cow disease in cattle is caused by an organism which has
1) Inert crystalline structure 2) Abnormally folded protein
3) Free RNA without protein coat 4) Free DNA without protein coat
19. Exploration of molecular, genetic, and species-level diversity for novel products of
economic importance is known as
1) Biopiracy 2) Bioenergetics 3) Bioremediation 4) Bioprospecting
20. A new variety of rice was patented by a foreign company, though such varieties have
been present in India for a long time. This is related to
1) Lerma Roja
2) Sharbathi Sonora
3) CO-667
4) Basmati
21. In India, the organization responsible for assessing the safety of introducing genetically
modified organisms for public use is
1) Research Committee on Genetic Manipulation (RCGM)
2) Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)
3) Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
4) Genetic Engineering Approval Committee (GEAC)
22. The silencing of mRNA has been used in producing transgenic plants which are
resistant to
1) Plant rusts 2) Bacterial blights 3) Bollworms 4) Nematodes