DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

IIT (ISM) DHANBAD

Applied Thermodynamics (MEC203) Assignment – III

Q.1. A Carnot cycle works with isentropic compression ratio of 5 bar and isothermal expansion
ratio of 2. The volume of air at beginning of the isothermal expansion is 0.3 m3. If the maximum
temperature and pressure is limited to 550K and 21bar, Determine: (i) Minimum temperature in
the cycle, (ii) Thermal efficiency of the cycle, (iii) Pressure at all salient point, (iv) Change of
entropy during the isothermal expansion, (v) Work done per cycle and (iv) Mean effective
pressure. Take ratio of specific heat as 1.4.
[Ans. 16˚C, 47.45%, 10.5bar, 1.103bar, 2.206bar 0.793kJ/K, 207kJ, 76.7KN/m2]

Q.2. The maximum pressure and temperature in Carnot cycle is limited to 20 bar and 400˚C. The
ratio of the isentropic compression is 6 and isothermal expansion is 0.1 m3, find the following: (i)
The maximum temperature in the cycle, (ii) Change in entropy during isothermal expansion and
compression, (iii) Thermal efficiency of the cycle, (iv) Mean effective pressure of the cycle and
(v) The theoretical power if there are 200 working cycle per minute.
[Ans. 1.08bar, 0.24KJ/K, 162KJ, 51.4%, 0.52bar, 277.6KW]

Q.3. In an Otto cycle, the temperature at the beginning and end of the isentropic compression are
316K and 596 K respectively. Determine the air standard efficiency and the compression ratio.
Take γ = 1.4. [Ans. 4.885, 47%, 43.6%]

Q.4. A certain quantity of air at a pressure of 1 bar and temperature 70˚C is compressed
respectively and adiabatically until the pressure is 7 bar in an Otto cycle engine. 460 KJ of heat
per kg of air is added at constant volume. Determine; (i) Compression ratio of the engine, (ii)
Temperature at the end of compression, (iii) Temperature at the end of addition. Take for air Cp =
1kJ/kg K and Cv = 0.707 kJ/kg K. [Ans. 3.97, 331˚C, 982˚C]

Q.5. In an Otto cycle, air at 1bar and 290 K is compressed isentropically until the pressure is 15
bar. The heat is added at constant volume until the pressure rise to 40 bar. Calculate the air
standard efficiency and the mean effective pressure for the cycle. Take Cv = 0.717 kJ/kg K and Ru
= 8.314 kJ/kg mole K. [Ans. 53.85%, 5.68bar]

Q.6. In an air standard Otto cycle, the compression ratio is 7 and the compression begins at 1 bar
and 313K. The heat added id 2510KJ/kg. Find: (i) Maximum temperature and pressure of the
cycle, (ii) Work done per kg of air, (iii) Cycle efficiency and (iv) Mean effective pressure. Take
for air Cv = 0.713 kJ/kg k and R=287 J/kg k. [Ans. 4202 K, 93.9bar; 1358kJ; 54.1%; 17.6bar]

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Q.7. An engine working on Otto-Cycle the initial pressure and temperature of the air are 1bar and
40˚C, 825KJ of heat is supplied per kg of air at the end of the compression. Find the temperature
and pressure at all salient points if the compression ratio is 6. Also find the efficiency and mean
effective pressure for the cycle. Assume air is used as working fluid and take all ideal conditions.
[Ans: (i) P2 = 12.286 bar, T2 = 641K, P3 = 34.95bar, T3 = 1820K, P4 = 2.84 bar, T4 = 887.54K, (ii)
Pm = 5.65 bar, 51.2%].

Q.8. In an ideal diesel engine, the compression ratio is 13:1 and the fuel is cut off at 8% of stroke.
Find the air standard efficiency of engine. Take ϒ for air as 1.4. [Ans. 58.3%]

Q.9. An ideal diesel engine has a diameter 150mm and stroke 200mm. The clearance volume is
10 per cent of the swept volume. Determine the compression ratio and the air standard efficiency
of engine if the cut-off takes place at 6 per cent of the stroke. [Ans. 11, 57.535%]

Q.10. The compression ratio of an ideal air standard diesel cycle is 15. The heat transfer is
1465KJ/kg of air. Find the pressure and temperature at the end of each process and determine the
cycle efficiency. What is the mean effective pressure of the cycle, if the inlet conditions are 300K
and 1 bar. [Ans. 44.3bar,886.2bar,44.3bar,2351.2 k,1175.6K,3.92bar,57.45%, 10.473bar]

Q.11. Find the air standard efficiency of the Otto and Diesel cycles on the basis of equal
compression ratio of 10 and equal heat rejection of 840kJ/kg. The suction condition are 1 bar and
328K. [Ans. 60%; 48.4%]

Q.12. Two engines are to operate on Otto and Diesel cycles with the following data: Maximum
temperature =1500K, Exhaust temperature=700K; Ambient conditions = 1bar and 300K.
Compare the compression ratios. Maximum pressure and efficiencies of the two Engines.
[Ans.53.3%; 0.546; 1; 0.917

Q.13. An oil engine, working on the dual combustion cycle, has a compression ratio 10 and
cut-off take place at 1/10 bar of the store. If the pressure at the beginning of compression is 1 bar
and maximum pressure 40 bar, determine the air standard efficiency of the cycle. Take = 1.4.
[Ans. 55.4%]

Q.14. In a compression ignition engine, working on a dual cycle, pressure and temperature at the
start of compression are 1 bar and 300K respectively. At the end of compression, pressure reached
a value of 25bar. 420kJ of heat is supplied per kg of air during constant volume heating and
pressure becomes 2.8 bar at the end of isentropic expansion. Estimate the ideal thermal efficiency.
Take CP=1.005KJ/kg K and CV=0.71kJ/kg K. [Ans. 58.6%]

Q.15. An engine working on a dual combustion cycle has a pressure of 1bar and 50 ˚C before
compression. The air is then compressed isentropically to 1/15th of its original volume. The

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maximum pressure is twice the pressure at the end of isentropic compression. If the cut-off ratio is
2, determine the temperature at the end of each process and ideal efficiency of cycle. Take
ϒ=1.4. [Ans. 6810C; 16350C; 35430C; 14330C; 61.85%]

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