11th Grade (Major)

SECTION A

1. B) Increased capacity for abstract thinking

2. B) It enhances self-esteem by reinforcing social identity

3. B) Engaging in self-reflective journaling

4. A) It often leads to a superficial understanding of self

5. B) Emergence of abstract thinking and hypothetical reasoning

6. B) Opportunities for self-expression and exploration

7. B) Confusion and anxiety about one’s place in the world

8. C) Aerobic exercises such as running or cycling

9. B) Ensuring adequate intake of essential nutrients and vitamins

10. A) Enhanced breathability and comfort

11. B) Social media

12. A) Frequent changes in dietary trends

SECTION B

13. Home Science integrates with other disciplines by applying principles

from biology, chemistry, economics, and sociology to everyday life,
focusing on improving individual and family well-being.

14. Home Science promotes sustainable living by teaching resource

management, encouraging eco-friendly practices, and emphasizing the
use of sustainable materials in daily life.

15. Self-reflection can improve relationships by increasing self-awareness,

helping to understand personal emotions, and improving communication
with others.

OR

The child’s areas of development include physical, cognitive,

emotional, social, and language development.

16. Managing stress is important for maintaining overall well-being

because it reduces the risk of chronic illnesses, improves mental health,
and enhances quality of life.
17. Peer influence is strong during adolescence because peers provide
validation, contribute to social identity, and offer a sense of belonging
during this period of self-exploration.

18. Balanced Fitness and Nutrition Plan for John:

- Fitness: Combine aerobic exercises like running or cycling with

strength training.

- Nutrition: Balanced diet rich in protein, whole grains, and vegetables.

- Pre-workout meal: A small serving of fruit or a protein shake.

- Post-workout meal: Lean protein and complex carbohydrates, like

grilled chicken with quinoa.

OR

WHO Definition of Health: Health is a state of complete physical,

mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease or
infirmity.

19. Planning plays a crucial role in managing household resources by

helping allocate time, money, and effort efficiently, ensuring that needs
are met without waste.

20. Understanding different fabric types is important for daily comfort and
functionality because it influences durability, care, and the suitability of
fabrics for various uses.

OR

Malnutrition: A condition resulting from inadequate intake of nutrients,

examples include kwashiorkor from protein deficiency and scurvy from
vitamin C deficiency.

SECTION C

21. Healthcare and its types:

- Healthcare: Maintenance and improvement of health via prevention,

diagnosis, and treatment.

- Types: Preventive (e.g., vaccinations), curative (e.g., surgeries), and

rehabilitative (e.g., physiotherapy).

22. Intrinsic and extrinsic factors related to disease:

- Intrinsic factors: Genetic makeup, age, sex.

 - Extrinsic factors: Environmental influences, lifestyle choices,
socioeconomic status.

23. Case Study – Malnutrition in a 15-year-old girl:

- Type of malnutrition: Overnutrition, likely leading to obesity.

- Health risk: Increased risk of type 2 diabetes.

- Lifestyle change suggestion: Increase physical activity and reduce

intake of sugary snacks and fast food.

24. Steps involved in time and activity plan:

- Set clear goals.

- Prioritize tasks.

- Allocate time for each task.

- Monitor progress.

- Adjust the plan as needed.

OR

Sensory-motor stage: The first stage in Piaget’s theory of cognitive

development, where infants learn about the world through their senses
and action

SECTION D

25. Case Study – Early Childhood Development:

- Stage of development: Early childhood (3-6 years).

- Key milestone: Improved fine motor skills, such as holding a crayon.

- Social skill to develop: Sharing and cooperative play.

- Possible factor affecting social interaction: Shyness or lack of

confidence.

- Activity to improve fine motor skills: Puzzles, bead stringing.

OR

Communication and its types: Communication is the process of

exchanging information. Types include verbal, non-verbal, written, and
visual communication.

26. Tools involved in time management:

 - To-do lists: Helps keep track of tasks.

- Calendars: Organize events and deadlines.

- Prioritization matrix: Helps focus on important tasks.

- Time-tracking apps: Monitor how time is spent on activities.

27. Biological, physical, and cognitive changes during adolescence:

- Biological: Hormonal changes leading to puberty.

- Physical: Growth spurts, development of secondary sexual

characteristics.

- Cognitive: Improved reasoning, abstract thinking.

28. Skipping Breakfast Case Study:

- Impact on energy levels: Leads to fatigue and reduced concentration.

- Essential nutrient missed: Protein or fiber.

- Effect on academic performance: Decreased focus and memory.

- Long-term consequence: Potential weight gain and metabolic

disorders.

- Healthy breakfast option: Whole-grain toast with peanut butter and a

banana.

29. Important fibers and their properties:

- Cotton: Breathable and absorbent.

- Wool: Insulating and water-resistant.

- Silk: Smooth and lustrous, temperature-regulating.

- Nylon: Durable, resistant to wear and tear.

30. Child development areas:

- Physical: Growth and motor skills.

- Cognitive: Learning and problem-solving.

- Emotional: Understanding and managing emotions.

- Social: Interaction with peers, understanding social norms.

OR

Case Study – Delayed Language Development:

- Area of delay: Language development.

 - Age for full sentences: Typically by age 3-4.

- Activity to improve language: Reading together and encouraging

conversation.

- Possible reason for delay: Limited exposure to spoken language or

hearing issues.

11th Grade (Optional)

SECTION A

1. A) Enhanced ability to understand others’ perspectives

2. A) It often leads to a superficial understanding of self

3. B) Relying heavily on feedback from social media

4. B) It provides a sense of purpose and reinforces personal values

5. B) Emergence of abstract thinking and hypothetical reasoning

6. B) Opportunities for self-expression and exploration

7. B) A major life event or transition

8. B) It provides varied perspectives and challenges existing beliefs

9. A) Consuming a balanced diet with controlled portion sizes

10. A) Engaging in a variety of physical activities

11. A) Prioritizing tasks and using a schedule or planner

12. A) Enhanced breathability and comfort

SECTION B

13. Home Science enhances personal development and life skills by

teaching resource management, nutrition, and family dynamics,
contributing to a balanced and healthy lifestyle.
14. Home Science integrates with other academic disciplines such as
biology, chemistry, economics, and sociology, applying these fields’
principles to improve individual and family well-being.

15. Self-awareness is crucial for personal growth because it helps

individuals understand their strengths, weaknesses, and values, leading to
better decision-making and relationships.

16. Setting personal goals enhances your sense of purpose by providing

direction and motivation, leading to a more focused and fulfilling life.

17. Adolescents typically experience identity development through

exploration of different roles, beliefs, and values, often influenced by
peers, family, and media.

OR

Irregular dietary patterns seen in adolescence include: Skipping meals,

consuming fast food, and irregular eating times.

18. Proposed school cafeteria menu for promoting healthier eating:

- Breakfast: Whole grain cereal with fresh fruits.

- Lunch: Grilled chicken salad with whole grain bread.

- Snacks: Carrot sticks with hummus.

- Beverages: Fresh juice or water instead of soda.

To ensure it meets nutritional guidelines and appeals to students:

Include a variety of tastes, textures, and culturally relevant options.

19. Health definition according to WHO: Health is a state of complete

physical, mental, and social well-being, not merely the absence of disease
or infirmity.

20. Fabrics impact daily comfort and functionality by influencing

breathability, durability, and suitability for various weather conditions and
activities.

SECTION C

21. Case study of anemia in a 10-year-old boy:

- Most likely cause: Iron deficiency due to a diet low in iron-rich foods
like meat and dairy.

- Essential nutrient: Iron.

- Inexpensive food item: Lentils or dark green leafy vegetables.

22. Steps involved in time and activity planning:

- Identify tasks: List all activities that need to be done.

- Prioritize tasks: Determine the importance and urgency of each task.

- Allocate time: Assign specific time slots for each activity.

- Monitor progress: Regularly check if the plan is being followed and

adjust as needed.

23. Types of activities:

- Physical activities: Exercise, sports.

- Mental activities: Studying, problem-solving.

- Social activities: Interaction with friends and family.

24. Health and its types:

- Physical health: The state of the body and its systems.

- Mental health: The state of cognitive and emotional well-being.

- Social health: The ability to form satisfying interpersonal

relationships.

OR

Hygiene and sanitation: Practices that help maintain health and

prevent the spread of diseases, including personal hygiene (e.g., hand
washing) and environmental cleanliness.

SECTION D

25. Case study of an adolescent growth spurt:

- Stage of development: Adolescence.

- Term for rapid height increase: Growth spurt.

- Typical physical change: Increased muscle mass or voice change.

- Emotional/psychological change: Increased self-consciousness or

mood swings.

- Dietary recommendation: Include more protein, calcium, and

balanced meals to support growth.

26. Tools involved in time management:

- To-do lists: Track and manage tasks.

 - Calendars: Plan and schedule activities.

- Prioritization matrix: Helps in focusing on important tasks.

- Time-tracking apps: Monitor time spent on various activities.

27. Communication technology and its classification:

- Definition: Communication technology refers to the use of devices,

systems, and networks to transmit information.

- Classification: Verbal (phone calls), Non-verbal (emails, texts), Visual

(video conferencing).

OR

Physical, biological, and cognitive changes during adolescence:

- Physical: Growth spurts, puberty.

- Biological: Hormonal changes.

- Cognitive: Development of abstract thinking.

28. Self-development during childhood and adolescence:

- Early childhood: Developing basic motor skills, social interaction.

- Middle childhood: Cognitive skills, understanding of social norms.

- Adolescence: Identity formation, abstract thinking.

OR

Balanced diet and the importance of the food pyramid:

- A balanced diet includes a variety of foods in the right proportions.

- The food pyramid helps guide the selection of a healthy diet by

emphasizing the intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, proteins, and
limiting fats and sugars.

29. Case study on high intake of junk food:

- Type of diet: High-calorie, low-nutrient diet.

- Nutrient likely deficient: Fiber or essential vitamins.

- Effect on digestion: Poor digestion, possible constipation.

- Health risk: Obesity, diabetes.

- Dietary change: Increase intake of fruits, vegetables, and whole

grains.

30. Important fibers and their properties:

 - Cotton: Breathable, absorbent.

- Wool: Warm, water-resistant.

- Silk: Soft, luxurious feel.

- Nylon: Strong, durable.

OR

Case study on social and emotional development:

- Areas of development affected: Social interaction, emotional

regulation.

- Sign of healthy social development: Playing cooperatively with

others.

- Possible influencing factor: Shyness, anxiety, or lack of confidence.

- Effect on daily life: Difficulty in making friends, avoiding group

activities.

- Suggested activity: Group play sessions or team-based activities to

encourage interaction.

12th Grade (Optional)

SECTION A

1. c. Prescribing over the counter medicines (This is not included in

nutritional care during illness).

2. b. Below 6 years (Under ICDS, children below 6 years are eligible for
benefits).

3. a. Tamil Nadu (Shola craft is famous in Tamil Nadu).

4. d. I and III (Interest in children and skills for creative activities are
essential for employment in a play school).

5. a. Canning (Nicolas Appert initiated the canning process in 1810,

which had a major impact on food preservation).

6. d. Both (a) and (b) (Liquid Diet and Standard Diet are free from fiber
and are nutritionally adequate).

7. a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A

(Standardisation is necessary for attaining quality).
8. c. III and IV (Veterinary residues and adulterants are considered
invisible biological hazards).

SECTION B

13. Type of diet for Rama: Pureed or soft diet.

Benefit: Easier to swallow and reduces the risk of choking.

14. Objectives of diet therapy:

- To correct nutritional deficiencies.

- To manage symptoms of diseases.

- To promote recovery.

- To prevent complications related to nutrition.

15. Factors responsible for the emergence of microbial foodborne

pathogens:

- Poor hygiene practices.

- Improper food storage.

- Contaminated water.

Famous pathogens: Salmonella, E. Coli.

OR

Food infection: Caused by consuming live pathogens.

Food intoxication: Caused by consuming toxins produced by

pathogens in food.

16. National Service Volunteer Scheme: A government initiative to

encourage youth to participate in community service and nation-building
activities.

17. Hidden Hunger: A form of malnutrition caused by a lack of essential

vitamins and minerals.

Examples: Iron deficiency anemia, Vitamin A deficiency.

OR

Codex: International food standards.

ISO: International organization setting quality and safety standards.

18. Youth as a vulnerable section:

 - Exposure to risky behaviors.

- High levels of unemployment.

19. Best way to spread awareness about sanitation and hygiene:

Organize community clean-up drives, use social media campaigns, and

conduct educational workshops in schools and public areas.

20. Roles of ECCE professional:

- Ensuring a safe and nurturing environment.

- Promoting holistic development.

- Facilitating learning through play.

- Engaging with families to support child development.

SECTION C

21. Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM): A severe form of malnutrition

caused by inadequate intake of protein and calories.

Iron-Deficiency Anemia: A condition where there is a lack of sufficient

iron in the body, leading to reduced oxygen transport and fatigue.

22. Entrepreneurship: The process of creating, launching, and managing

a new business venture, often with the aim of generating profit while
taking on financial risks.

23. Role of an entrepreneur in an enterprise:

- Innovator.

- Risk taker.

- Decision maker.

- Leader.

OR

Classification of foods based on processing:

- Minimally processed: Fresh fruits and vegetables.

- Processed: Canned vegetables, cheeses.

- Ultra-processed: Ready-to-eat meals, sugary snacks.

24. Skills required for working in a daycare center:

- Patience.
 - Communication.

- Observation.

- Creativity.

- Organizational skills.

- Physical stamina.

SECTION D

25. HACCP (Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points): A systematic

approach to food safety that identifies, evaluates, and controls hazards
that are significant for food safety.

Importance:

- Prevents foodborne illnesses.

- Enhances product safety.

- Increases consumer confidence.

26. Role of a teacher during pre-school years:

- Facilitating learning through play.

- Promoting social skills.

- Ensuring a safe environment.

- Supporting emotional development.

Opportunities and scope of careers in early childhood education:

- Teaching in pre-schools.

- Child care provider.

- Educational consultant.

- Curriculum developer.

Skills required for early childhood education and care:

- Patience.

- Creativity.

- Effective communication.

- Knowledge of child development.

OR
 Nutritional diseases: Conditions caused by an imbalance of nutrients in
the diet, such as obesity, scurvy, and rickets.

27. SOS Villages and ICDS:

- First SOS village: Established in 1949.

- Main aim: Providing family-based care for orphaned and abandoned

children.

- Difference with ICDS:

- SOS: Focuses on long-term care in a family-like environment.

- ICDS: Provides early childhood care, nutrition, and education

services.

OR

Food safety and quality assurance: Ensured through the

implementation of standards like HACCP, regular inspections, and
adherence to food safety guidelines.

28. Guidance for opening a children’s institution:

- Principles from NCF (2005):

- Child-centered education.

- Inclusive education.

- Holistic development.

- Learning through play.

- Facilities to include:

- Safe and stimulating environment.

- Age-appropriate learning materials.

- Trained and caring staff.

- Facilities for health and nutrition.

OR

Types of hazards:

- Physical hazards: Sharp objects.

- Chemical hazards: Pesticide residues.

- Biological hazards: Bacteria and viruses.

29. Functions of food service management:

 - Menu planning.

- Procurement and storage.

- Food preparation and service.

- Budgeting and cost control.

- Sanitation and safety.

30. Importance of a creche as a caregiver for infants:

- Provides a safe environment.

- Supports developmental needs.

- Ensures nutrition and health care.

How National Integration reduces youth vulnerability:

Promotes unity, reduces social conflicts, and provides equal

opportunities.

Programmes for elderly care:

- National Programme for Health Care of the Elderly (NPHCE).

- Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS).

- Integrated Programme for Older Persons (IPOP).