PERCENTAGES SAT CLASS-2

Percentage : Percentage is the calculation for every 100. It is denoted by %

To convert a fraction into percentage we have to multiply with 100.
To convert percentage into fraction we have to divide with 100.
1) x is what % of y ¿ () x
y
100

2) x % of y= ( ) x
100
y

3) x is what percent more than y = ( ) x− y

y
100%

4) x is what percent less than y =( ) y−x

y
100 %

5) Percentage increase = ( )
Increase
Initial Value
100 %

Increase = Final value – Initial value

6) Percentage decrease = ( )
Decrease
Initial Value
100%

Decrease = Initial value – Final value

(
7) If 'A' is x % more than 'B', then 'B' is
x
100+ x )100 % less than 'A' .

(
8) If 'A' is x % less than 'B', then 'B' is
x
100−x ) 100 % more than 'A' .

9) If the value of a number successively increased by x % and y % respectively then the net

(
percentage increase in the number is x + y +
xy
100
% )
10) If the value of a number successively decreased by x % and y % respectively then the
net percentage decrease in the number is x + y−( xy
100
%)
11) If the value of a number or price of the article is first increased by x % and then
decreased by y % then the net percentage change in the number or price of the article

(is x− y− )xy
100
%

(
(i) If x− y− )xy
100
% is positive then the net change is % increase.

(
(ii) If x− y− )xy
100
% is negative then the net change is % decrease.

(
(iii) If x− y− )xy
100
% is zero then there is no change.

12) The value of a number or price of the article is increased by x % and then to restore its
original value we have to decrease it by ( x
100+ x )100 %

Dr.D.B.NIRMAL
PERCENTAGES SAT CLASS-2
13) The value of a number or price of the article is decreased by x % and then to restore its
original value we have to increase it by( x
100−x) 100 %

14) In the product A∗B If both ' A ' and ' B ' increases x %∧ y % respectively then ' A∗B ' is

(
increased by x + y +
xy
100 ) %

15) In the product A∗B If both ' A ' and ' B ' decreases x %and y %respectively then ' A∗B '

(
is decreased by x + y−
xy
100
% )
16) In the product A∗B ,If ' A ’ is increased by x %and ' B ' is decreased by y % then ' A∗B ‘

(
is changed by x− y−
xy
100) %

(
i) If x− y− )
xy
100
is positive then ' A∗B ' is increased.

(
ii) If x− y− )
xy
100
is negative then ' A∗B ' is decreased.

(
iii) If x− y−
100)
xy
is zero then ' A∗B ' remains same.

(
17) In product ' A∗B ' ,' A ' is increased by x % and ' B ' is decreased by
x
100+ x) 100 % so

that product ‘ A∗B ' remains constant.

(
18) In product ' A∗B ' ,' A ' is decreased by x % and ' B ' is increased by
x
100−x) 100 % so

that product ' A∗B ' remains constant.

PROBLEMS
1) If x is 50% more than z and y is 20% more than z then x is what % more than y ?
A) 15% B) 20% C) 25% D) 30%
2) In a survey of 400 seniors, x % said that they plan on majoring in physics. One university
has used this data to estimate the number of Physics majors it expects for its entering class
of 3300 students. If the university expects 66 physics majors what is the value of x ?
3) Veronica has a bank account that earns m % interest compounded annually. If she
opened the account with $200, the expression $200 ( x )t represents the amount in the
account after ' t ' years. Which of the following gives' x ' in terms ‘m ' ?
A) 1+0.01 m B) 1+m C) 1−m D) 1+100 m
4) The discount price of a book is 20% less than the retail price. James manages to purchase
the book at 30% off the discount price at a special book sale. What percent of the retail
price did James pay?

Dr.D.B.NIRMAL
PERCENTAGES SAT CLASS-2
A) 42% B) 44% C) 50% D) 56%
5) Each day Robert eats 40% of the pistachios left in his jar at that time. At the end of
second day, 27 Pistachios remain. How many pistachios were in the jar at the start of the
first day?
A) 75 B)80 C) 85 D)95
6) James bought a doll at a 10% discount off the original price of $105.82. However, he had
to pay a sales tax of x% on the discounted price. If the total amount he paid for the doll was
$100, what is the value of x?
A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D)5

Questions 7 To 10 refer to the following information.

Week 1 2 3 4 Total
Box springs 38 42 53 34 167
Mattresses 47 61 68 43 219
Total 85 103 121 77 386
The table below shows the number of box spring and mattress units sold over four weeks at
a bedding store

7) Which week accounted for approximately 32% of all the box spring units sold
A) Week 1 B) Week 2 C) Week 3 D) Week 4
8) Approximately what % of all units sold came from week 2?
A) 15.8% B) 26.7% C) 31.3% D) 47.0%
9) Mattresses accounted for approximately what % of all units sold during week1?
A) 22 % B) 32.5% C) 44.7% D) 55.3%
10) What was the approximate % decrease in the number of mattresses sold from week 3 to
week 4?
A) 15.8% B) 26.7% C) 36.3% D) 47.0%

Dr.D.B.NIRMAL