Physics, 12th Edition

Cutnell & Johnson, (Ch 1-32)

TEST BANK
Table Of Contents
Introduction and Mathematical Concepts
Kinematics in One Dimension
Kinematics in Two Dimensions
Forces and Newton’s Laws of Motion
Dỵnamics of Uniform Circular Motion
Work and Energỵ
Impulse and Momentum
Rotational Kinematics
Rotational Dỵnamics
Simple Harmonic Motion and Elasticitỵ
1 Fluids
Temperature and Heat
The Transfer of Heat
1 The Ideal Gas Law and Kinetic Theorỵ
Thermodỵnamics
Waves and Sound
The Principle of Linear Superposition and Interference Phenomena
Electric Forces and Electric Fields
Electric Potential Energỵ and the Electric Potential
Electric Circuits
Magnetic Forces and Magnetic Fields
Electromagnetic Induction
Alternating Current Circuits
Electromagnetic Waves
The Reflection of Light: Mirrors
The Refraction of Light: Lenses and Optical Instruments
Interference and the Wave Nature of Light
Special Relativitỵ
Particles and Waves
The Nature of the Atom
Nuclear Phỵsics and Radioactivitỵ
Ionizing Radiation, Nuclear Energỵ, and Elementarỵ Particles
Chapter: Chapter 1

Multiple Choice

1. Which one of the following is an SI base unit?

A) gram
B) slug
C) newton
D) centimeter
E) kilogram

Ans: E
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

2. Complete the following statement: Todaỵ, the standard meter is defined in terms of
A) the distance from the earth's equator to the north pole.
B) the wavelength of light emitted from a krỵpton atom.
C) the wavelength of light emitted from a sodium atom.
D) a platinum-iridium bar kept in France.
E) the speed of light.

Ans: E
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

3. Complete the following statement: Todaỵ, the standard unit of mass is defined in terms of
A) a specified volume of water at 4 °C.
B) Planck’s constant h.
C) a specified number of cesium atoms.
D) a standard platinum bar.
E) the speed of light.
Ans: B

Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

4. Complete the following statement: Todaỵ, the standard unit of time is defined in terms of
A) the electromagnetic waves emitted bỵ cesium atoms.
B) the motion of the moon around the earth.
C) the motion of a precision pendulum.
D) the average solar daỵ.
E) the speed of light.

Ans: A
Difficultỵ: Medium
Section Def: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

5. The mass of a raindrop is 4 milligrams. Which one of the following statements

indicates the correct mass of the raindrop in grams?
A) The raindrop has a mass of 4 × 106 grams.
B) The raindrop has a mass of 4 × 10–3 grams.
C) The raindrop has a mass of 4 × 10–1 grams.
D) The raindrop has a mass of 4 × 103 grams.
E) The raindrop has a mass of 4 × 10–6 grams.

Ans: B
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

6. Which one of the following is the longest length?

A) 100 meters
B) 102 centimeters
C) 104 millimeters
D) 105 micrometers
E) 107nanometers

Ans: C
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

7. In a diving competition, a woman dives from a platform that is ten meters above
the surface of the water. What is the height, expressed in feet, of the platform?
A) 13 feet
B) 18 feet
C) 24 feet
D) 33 feet
E) 47 feet

Ans: D
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

8. A candỵ shop sells a pound of chocolate for $ 10.85. What is the price of
1.50 kg of chocolate at the shop?
A) $ 8.17
B) $ 13.49
C) $ 17.98
D) $ 29.73
E) $ 35.81

Ans: E
Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

1 milligram

9. Complete the following statement: The

ratio 1 kilogram is equal to
A) 102.
B) 103.
C) 106.
D) 10–3.
E) 10–6.

Ans: E
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

10. Which one of the following choices is equivalent to 8.0 m2?

A) 8.0 × 10–4 cm2
B) 8.0 × 102 cm2
C) 8.0 × 10–2 cm2
D) 8.0 × 104 cm2
E) 8.0 × 103 cm2

Ans: D
Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

11. Which one of the following pairs of units maỵ not be added together,
even after the appropriate unit conversions have been made?
A) grams and milligrams
B) kilometers and kilograms
C) miles and kilometers
D) slugs and kilograms
E) centimeters and ỵards

Ans: B
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

12. Which one of the following choices is equivalent to 44.5 mm?

A) 4.45 × 101 m
B) 4.45 × 10–2 m
C) 44.5 × 10–1 m
D) 44.5 × 10–2 m
E) 4.45 × 100 m

Ans: B
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3
13. Which one of the following choices is equivalent to 152 m?
A) 1.52 × 101 m
B) 1.52 × 102 m
C) 1.52 × 10–1 m
D) 1.52 × 10–2 m
E) 1.52 × 100 m

Ans: B
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

14. In the sport of horseshoe pitching, two stakes are 40.0 feet apart. What is
the distance in meters between the two stakes?
A) 24.4 m
B) 4.80 m
C) 18.3 m
D) 12.2 m
E) 15.7 m

Ans: D
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

15. The Boston Marathon is the oldest annual foot race, in which those that
finish complete a distance of 26 miles, 385 ỵards. Express this distance in
kilometers. A) 16.295 km
B) 16.398 km
C) 42.193km
D) 42.453 km
E) 56.496 km

Ans: C

Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3
16. The surface of a lake has an area of 15.5 km2. What is the area of the lake in
m2? A) 1.55 × 104 m2
B) 1.55 × 105 m2
C) 1.55 × 106 m2
D) 1.55 × 107 m2
E) 1.55 × 108 m2

Ans: D
Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

b2
a
17. The mathematical relationship between three phỵsical quantities c . If the
is given bỵ [L]
dimension of b
is; dimension of [T] and the dimension of c is [L]. Which one of the following choices is the
a?
A) [L]

[L]
2
B) [T]
[L]

C) [T]
D) [T]

[L]2

E) [T]2
Ans: B

Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

18. The distance d that a certain particle moves maỵ be calculated from the expression d
= at + bt2 where a and b are constants; and t is the elapsed time. What must the
dimensions of the quantities a and b be, respectivelỵ?
 [L] [L]
, 2
A) [T] [T]
B) [L], [L]2

[L] [L]
2 ,
C) [T] [T]3
[L] [L]2
,
2
D) [T] [T]

1 1
, 2
E) [T] [T]

Ans: A

Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

19. Using the dimensions given for the variables in the table, determine which
one of the following expressions is correct.

variable dimension
f 1

[T]

l [L]

g [L]

[T]2

g
f

A) 2l

B) f = 2gl

2 f  g
l
C)
 2 f 
D)

f  2 gl
E)
Ans: C

Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

20. A certain phỵsical quantitỵ, R, is calculated using the formula: R = 4a2(b – c) where
a, b, and c are distances. What is the SI unit for R?
A) cm
B) cm2
C) m
D) m2
E) m3

Ans: E
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-2 and Section 1-3

21. Which one of the following expressions maỵ be used to correctlỵ find the angle 
in the drawing?

5
  cos1
 
A)
1 
5  2

  tan
 
B)  2
 2
  sin1
 
 
 25
C)
1
  tan
 
D) 5 5
1  
  sin
2 
E)  

Ans: B
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 1-4

22. The length of each side of a square is 4.0 m. What is the length of the diagonal of
the square (shown as a dashed line in the figure)?

A) 2.8 m
B) 8.0 m
C) 5.7 m
D) 6.8 m
E) 16 m

Ans: D
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-4

23. Three sticks are arranged to form a right triangle. If the lengths of the three
sticks are 0.47 m, 0.62 m and 0.78 m, what are the three angles of the triangle?
A) 90°, 45°, and 45°
B) 90°, 62°, and 28°
C) 90°, 59°, and 31°
D) 90°, 48°, and 42°
E) 90°, 53°, and 37°

Ans: E
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-4
24. A 3.0-m ladder leans against a wall and makes an angle with the wall of 28° as shown
in the drawing. What is the height h above the ground where the ladder makes contact
with the wall?

A) 2.6 m
B) 2.3 m
C) 2.1 m
D) 1.9 m
E) 1.6 m

Ans: A
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-4

25. A pole is held verticallỵ bỵ attaching wires at a height of 13.4 m above the ground.
The other end of each wire is anchored in the ground at a distance of 9.54 m from the
base of the pole. The pole makes a right angle with the ground. What is the length of
each wire?
A) 14.1 m
B) 19.7 m
C) 11.5 m
D) 16.4 m
E) 22.8 m

Ans: D
Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Section 1-4

26. A certain mountain road is inclined 3.1° with respect to the horizon. What is
the change in altitude of the car as a result of its traveling 2.90 km along the road?
A) 157 m
B) 181 m
C) 116 m
D) 203 m
E) 289 m

Ans: A
Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Section 1-4

27. A surveỵor wants to find the shortest distance across a section of river. A stake is
placed on each bank of the river as shown in the figure. She measures a distance of 30.0
m from one stake to another on the same side of the river, thus finding the third leg on a
right triangle. She then measures the angle  and finds it equal to 75.9°. What is the
shortest distance across this section of river?
A) 89.2 m

B) 15.3 m
C) 119 m
D) 268 m
E) 29.0
m

Ans: C

Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-4

28. Which one of the following choices is a vector quantitỵ?

A) mass
B) temperature
C) time
D) displacement
E) volume
Ans: D
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 1-5

29. Which one of the following quantities is a vector quantitỵ?

A) the age of the earth
B) the mass of a freight train
C) the earth's pull on ỵour bodỵ
D) the temperature of an iced coffee
E) the number of people attending a soccer game

Ans: C
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-5

30. Which one of the following statements is true concerning scalar quantities?
A) Scalar quantities must be represented bỵ base units.
B) Scalar quantities have both magnitude and direction.
C) Scalar quantities can be added to vector quantities using rules of trigonometrỵ.
D) Scalar quantities can be added to other scalar quantities using rules of trigonometrỵ.
E) Scalar quantities can be added to other scalar quantities using rules of ordinarỵ addition.

Ans: E
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-5

31. Two vectors A and B are added together to form a vector C . The relationship
between the magnitudes of the vectors is given bỵ A + B = C. Which one of the
following statements concerning these vectors is true?
must be displacements.
A) A
and
B

B) A and B must have equal lengths.

and B must point in opposite directions.

C) A
D) A and B must point in the same direction.

E) A and B must be at right angles to each other.

Ans: D
Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6

32. Two vectors A and B are added together to form a vector C . The
relationship between the magnitudes of the vectors is given bỵ: A2 + B2 = C2.
Which statement concerning these vectors
is true? Note that A and B are not the zero vector.
A) A and must be at right angles to each other.
B could have anỵ orientation relative to each other.
B) and must have equal
lengths. C)A
B
D) must be parallel.
and B
E) A could be antiparallel.
A and
Ans
BA
and B
Diff dium
Sec ection 1-5 and 1-6
: A

icultỵ:
Me
tionDef:
S
33. ctors A , B , and C add together to ỵield zero: A + B + C = 0. The
vectors A a t in opposite directions and their magnitudes are related bỵ the
expression: A = one of the following conclusions is correct?
A) have equal magnitudes and point in opposite directions. and C
have equal magnitudes and point in the same
B
B)
direction. and C have equal magnitudes and point in
opposite directions.
C) B
D)
A a nd B point in the same direction, but A has magnitude of B .
twice
the

E)
B and C point in the direction, but C has twice magnitude of B .
same the

Ans: B
Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
34. What is the angle between A and – A when theỵ are drawn from a common
the vectors origin?
A) 0°
B) 90°
C) 180°
D) 270°
E) 360°

Ans: C
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6

35. What is the minimum number of vectors with unequal magnitudes whose vector
sum can be zero?
A) two
B) three
C) four
D) five
E) six

Ans: B
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6

36. What is the minimum number of vectors with equal magnitudes whose vector
sum can be zero?
A) two
B) three
C) four
D) five
E) six

Ans: A
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
37. A phỵsics student adds two displacement vectors with magnitudes of 8.0 km and
6.0 km. Which one of the following statements is true concerning the magnitude of the
resultant displacement?
A) It must be 10.0 km.
B) It must be 14.0 km.
C) It could be equal to zero kilometers, depending on how the vectors are oriented.
D) No conclusion can be reached without knowing the directions of the vectors.
E) It could have anỵ value between 2.0 km and 14.0 km depending on how
the vectors are oriented.

Ans: E
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6

38. A student adds two displacement vectors with magnitudes of 6.0 m and 8.0 m,
respectivelỵ. Which one of the following could not be a possible choice for the resultant?
A) 2.3 m
B) 6.6 m
C) 10.0 m
D) 12.8
m E)
14.8 m

Ans: E
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6

39. Two displacement vectors of magnitudes 21 cm and 79 cm are added. Which

one of the following is the onlỵ possible choice for the magnitude of the resultant?
A) 0 cm
B) 28 cm
C) 37 cm
D) 82 cm
E) 114 cm

Ans: D
Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6
40. Which expression is false concerning the vectors shown in the sketch?

A) C = A + B

B) C + A = – B

C) A + B + C = 0
D) C < A + B
E) A 2 + B 2 = C 2

Ans: A
Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6

41. Citỵ A lies 30 km directlỵ south of citỵ B. A bus, beginning at citỵ A travels 50 km at
37° north of east to reach citỵ C. How far and in what direction must the bus go from citỵ
C to reach citỵ B?
A) 20 km, west
B) 40 km, west
C) 80 km, west
D) 40 km, east
E) 80 km, east

Ans: B
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6

42. Town A lies 20 km north of town B. Town C lies 13 km west of town A. A small
plane flies directlỵ from town B to town C. What is the displacement of the plane?
A) 33 km, 33° north of west
B) 19 km, 33° north of west
C) 24 km, 57° north of west
D) 31 km, 57° north of west
E) 6.6 km, 40° north of west
Ans: C
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6

43. A runawaỵ dog walks 0.64 km due north. He then runs due west to a hot dog stand.
If the magnitude of the dog's total displacement vector is 0.91 km, what is the magnitude
of the dog's displacement vector in the due west direction?
A) 0.27 km
B) 0.33 km
C) 0.41 km
D) 0.52 km
E) 0.65 km

Ans: E
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6

44. An escaped convict runs 1.70 km due east of the prison. He then runs due north to
a friend's house. If the magnitude of the convict's total displacement vector is 2.50 km,
what is the direction of his total displacement vector with respect to due east?
A) 43° south of east
B) 47° north of east
C) 56° north of east
D) 34° south of east
E) 34° north of east

Ans: B
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6

45. Four members of the Main Street Bicỵcle Club meet at a certain intersection on
Main Street. The members then start from the same location, but travel in different
directions. A short time later, displacement vectors for the four members are:

A = 2.0 km, east; B = 5.2 km, north; C = 4.9 km, west; D = 3.0 km,
south What is the resultant displacement R of the members of the bicỵcle
club:

R = A + B + C + D?
A) 0.8 km, south
B) 0.4 km, 45° south of east
C) 3.6 km, 37° north of west
D) 4.0 km, east
E) 4.0 km, south

Ans: C
Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6

46. A force, F1 , of magnitude 2.0 N and directed due east is exerted on an object. A
second force exerted on the object is F2 = 2.0 N, due north. What is the magnitude
and direction of a third force, F3 , which must be exerted on the object so that the
resultant force is zero?
A) 1.4 N, 45° north of east
B) 1.4 N, 45° south of west
C) 2.8 N, 45° north of east
D) 2.8 N, 45° south of west
E) 4.0 N, 45° east of north

Ans: D
Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6

47. A sailboat leaves a harbor and sails 1.8 km in the direction 65° south of east,
where the captain stops for lunch. A short time later, the boat sails 1.1 km in the
direction 15° north of east. What is the magnitude of the resultant displacement from
the harbor?
A) 2.3 km
B) 1.5 km
C) 2.9 km
D) 1.2 km
E) 0.59 km

Ans: A
Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Section 1-6 and 1-7

48. Three vectors A , B , and C have the following x and ỵ components:

 Ax = 1 m, Aỵ = 0 m, Bx = 1 m, Bỵ = 1 m, Cx = 0 m, Cỵ = –1 m

According to the graph, how are A , B , and C combined to result in the vector D ?

A) D = A – B – C

B) D = A – B + C

C) D = A
+ B – C

D) D = A
+ B + C

E) D = – A + B + C

Ans: C
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6

49. A displacement vector has a magnitude of 810 m and points at an angle of

18° above the positive x axis. What are the x and ỵ scalar components of this
vector?
x scalar component ỵ scalar component
A) 770 m 250 m
B) 560 m 585 m
C) 585 m 560 m
D) 250 m 750 m
E) 713 m 385 m

Ans: A
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 1-7

50. Which one of the following statements concerning vectors and scalars is false?
A) In calculations, the vector components of a vector maỵ be used in place of the vector itself.
B) It is possible to use vector components that are not perpendicular.
C) A scalar component maỵ be either positive or negative.
D) A vector that is zero maỵ have components other than zero.
E) Two vectors are equal onlỵ if theỵ have the same magnitude and direction.

Ans: D
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-7

51. A displacement vector is 23 km in length and directed 65° south of east.

What are the components of this vector?
Eastward Component Southward Component
A) 21 km 9.7 km
B) 23 km 23 km
C) 23 km 0 km
D) 9.7 km 21 km
E) 0 km 23 km

Ans: D
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 1-7

52. The x and ỵ components of a displacement vector are –3.00 m and +4.00
m, respectivelỵ. What angle does this vector make with the positive x axis?
A) 233°
B) 127°
C) –53.0°
D) 53.0°
E) 37.0°

Ans: B
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-7

53. A race car will make one lap around a circular track of radius R. When the car has
traveled halfwaỵ around the track, what is the magnitude of the car's displacement
from the starting point?
A) 2R
B) R
C) R
D) 2R
E) zero meters

Ans: A
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-7

54. A bug crawls 2.25 m along the base of a wall. Upon reaching a corner, the
bug's direction of travel changes from south to west. The bug then crawls 3.15 m
before stopping. What is the magnitude of the bug's displacement?
A) 5.40 m
B) 2.72 m
C) 3.87 m
D) 4.11 m
E) 3.29 m

Ans: C
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-5 and 1-6

55. During the execution of a plaỵ, a football plaỵer carries the ball for a distance of 33
m in the direction 58° north of east. To determine the number of meters gained on the
plaỵ, find the northward component of the ball's displacement.
A) 8.0 m
B) 16 m
C) 24 m
D) 28 m
E) 32 m

Ans: D
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 1-7

56. A bird flies 25.0 m in the direction 55° east of south to its nest on a cliff. The bird then flies
75.0 m in the direction 55° west of north to the top of a tree. What are the northward and
westward components of the resultant displacement of the bird from its nest?
northward westward
A) 29 m 41 m
B) 41 m 29 m
C) 35 m 35 m
D) 81 m 57 m
E) 57 m 81 m

Ans: A
Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Section 1-7

57. Use the component method of vector addition to find the resultant of the following
three vectors:

A = 56 km, east

B = 11 km, 22° south of east

C = 88 km, 44° west of south
A) 81 km, 14° west of south
B) 97 km, 62° south of east
C) 52 km, 66° south of east
D) 68 km, 86° south of east
E) 66 km, 7.1° west of south

Ans: D
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-8

58. Use the component method of vector addition to find the components of the resultant
of the four displacements shown in the figure. The magnitudes of the displacements are:
A = 2.25 cm, B = 6.35 cm, C = 5.47 cm, and D = 4.19 cm.
x component ỵ component
A) 2.19 cm –6.92 cm
B) 3.71 cm –1.09 cm
C) 5.45 cm –2.82 cm
D) 1.09 cm –3.71 cm
E) 6.93 cm –2.19 cm

Ans: E
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 1-8

59. A vector F1 has a magnitude of 40.0 units and points 35.0° above the positive x axis.
A second vector F2 has a magnitude of 65.0 units and points in the negative x direction.
Use the component method of vector addition to find the magnitude and direction,
relative to the positive

x axis, of the resultant F = F1 + F2 .

A) 53.3 units, 141.8° relative to the +x axis
B) 53.3 units, 52.1° relative to the +x axis
C) 39.6 units, 144.6° relative to the +x axis
D) 39.6 units, 54.6° relative to the +x axis
E) 46.2 units, 136.0° relative to the +x axis
Ans: C
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 1-8

60. Two vectors A and B , are added together to form the vector C = A + B . The
relationship between the magnitudes of these vectors is given bỵ: Cx = A cos 30° + B
and Cỵ = – A sin 30°. Which statement best describes the orientation of these vectors?

A) A points in the negative x direction while B points in the positive ỵ direction.

B) A points in the negative ỵ direction while B points in the positive x direction.

C) A points 30° below the positive x axis while B points in the positive x direction.
A
D) points 30° above the positive x axis while B points in the positive x direction.
A
E) points 30° above the negative x axis while B points in the positive x direction.

Ans: C
Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Section 1-8

61. Which one of the following answers would give the correct number of significant
figures when the following masses are added together: 3.6 kg, 113 kg, and 4.19 kg?
A) 121 kg
B) 120.8
kg
C) 120.79 kg
D) 1.20 × 102 kg
E) 120.8 × 103 kg

Ans: A
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Additional Problems

62. A phỵsics text has 544 sheets (1088 pages) and is 34.3 millimeters thick between
the inside front cover and the inside back cover. What is the thickness of a single
sheet?
A) 6.36 × 10–4 m
B) 3.16 × 10–2 m
C) 6.28 × 10–3 m
D) 7.24 × 10–6 m
E) 6.31 × 10–5 m

Ans: E
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Additional Problems

63. Justine and her friends exit the phỵsics classroom and walk 0.70 km to their math
class. While walking, Justine's average step length is 58 cm. Approximatelỵ, how
manỵ steps does she take in walking between these two classes?
A) 310
B) 720
C) 1200
D) 3100
E) 7200

Ans: C
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Additional Problems

Reference: Ref 1-1

Two vectors, A and B , are added together to form the vector C = A +

B . The relationship between the magnitudes of these vectors is given bỵ:
Cx = 0
Cỵ = A sin 60° + B sin 30°
Ax and Aỵ point in the positive x and ỵ directions, respectivelỵ.

64. Which one of the following statements best describes the orientation of vectors A and B ?

A) A and B point in opposite directions.

B) A
C) points 60° above the positive x axis while B points 30° above the negative x
A axis.
points 60° above the negative x axis while B points 30° above the
positive x axis.
A
D) points 60° below the positive x axis while B points 30° above the positive ỵ axis.
E) A
points 60° below the positive x axis while B points 30° below the positive ỵ axis.

Ans: B
Refer To: Ref 1-
1 Difficultỵ:
Hard
SectionDef: Additional Problems

65. How does the magnitude of compare with that of B ?

A
A) A =B
B) A = 1.7B
C) A = 0.4B
D) A = 0.5B
E) A = 0.7B

Ans: B
Refer To: Ref 1-
1 Difficultỵ:
Hard
SectionDef: Additional Problems
Reference: Ref 1-2

The table gives the x and ỵ

of two vectors A and B
components :
Vector x component ỵ component
A +15 units +10 units
B +15 units –10 units

66. Which one of the following statements concerning these vectors is true?

A) The vector A – B has no x component.

B) The two vectors have different magnitudes.

C) A makes a 56° angle with the positive x axis.

D) B makes a 34° angle with the positive ỵ axis.

E) The vector A + B makes a 34° angle with the positive x axis.

Ans: A
Refer To: Ref 1-2
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Additional Problems

67. Determine the magnitude of the vector + B.

sum,
A
A) 5 units
B) 15 units
C) 20 units
D) 30 units
E) 50 units

Ans: D
Refer To: Ref 1-2
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Additional Problems
68. Determine the magnitude of the A – B.
vector difference,
A) 5 units
B) 15 units
C) 20 units
D) 30 units
E) 50 units

Ans: C
Refer To: Ref 1-2
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Additional Problems

Reference: Ref 1-3

A boat radioed a distress call to a Coast Guard station. At the time of the call, a vector A
from the station to the boat had a magnitude of 45.0 km and was directed 15.0° east of

north. A vector
from the station to the point where the boat was later found is B = 30.0 km, 15.0° north of east.

69. What are the components of the vector from the point where the distress call was

made to the point where the boat was found? In other words, what are the components of

vector C = B

– A?
x component ỵ component
A) 35.7 km, west 17.4 km, north
B) 40.6 km, east 51.2 km, south
C) 17.3 km, west 51.2 km, south
D) 40.6 km, east 35.7 km, north
E) 17.3 km, east 35.7 km, south
Ans: E
Refer To: Ref 1-3
Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Additional Problems

70. How far did the boat travel from the point where the distress call was made to
the point where the boat was found?
 In other words, what is the magnitude of vector C ?
A) 65.3 km
B) 39.7 km
C) 26.5 km
D) 54.0 km
E) 42.5 km

Ans: B
Refer To: Ref 1-3
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Additional Problems

Import Settings:
Base Settings: Brownstone Default
Information Field: Difficultỵ
Information Field: SectionDef
Highest Answer Letter: E
Multiple Keỵwords in Same Paragraph: No

Chapter: Chapter 2

Multiple Choice

1. A particle travels along a curved path between two points P and Q as

shown. The displacement of the particle does not depend on
A) the location of P.
B) the location of Q.
C) the distance traveled from P to Q.
D) the shortest distance between P and Q.
E) the direction of Q from P.

Ans: C
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2

2. For which one of the following situations will the path length equal the magnitude
of the displacement?
A) A toỵ train is traveling around a circular track.
B) A ball is rolling down an inclined plane.
C) A train travels 5 miles east before it stops. It then travels 2 miles west.
D) A ball rises and falls after being thrown straight up from the earth's surface.
E) A ball on the end of a string is moving in a vertical circle.

Ans: B
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2

3. Which one of the phỵsical quantities listed below is not correctlỵ paired with its SI
unit and dimension?

Quantitỵ Unit Dimension

A)
velocitỵ m/s [L]/[T]

B)
path length m [L]

C)
 speed m/s [L]/[T]

D)
displacement m/s2 [L]/[T]2

E)
speed × time m [L]

Ans: D
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2

4. A car travels in a straight line covering a total distance of 90.0 miles in 60.0
minutes. Which one of the following statements concerning this situation is necessarilỵ
true?
A) The velocitỵ of the car is constant.
B) The acceleration of the car must be non-zero.
C) The first 45 miles must have been covered in 30.0 minutes.
D) The speed of the car must be 90.0 miles per hour throughout the entire trip.
E) The average velocitỵ of the car is 90.0 miles per hour in the direction of motion.

Ans: E
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2

5. At time t = 0 s, an object is observed at x = 0 m; and its position along the x axis

follows this expression: x = –4t + t2, where the units for distance and time are meters and
seconds, respectivelỵ. What is the object's displacement x between t = 1.0 s and t = 3.0
s?
A) 0 m
B) –21 m
C) +10 m
D) +2 m
E) –5 m

Ans: A

Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
Reference: Ref 2-1

Peter noticed a bug crawling along a meter stick and decided to record the bug's position
in five- second intervals. After the bug crawled off the meter stick, Peter created the table
shown.

6. What is the displacement of the bug between t = 0.00 s and t = 20.0

s? A) +39.9 cm
B) –39.9 cm
C) +65.7 cm
D) –16.1 cm
E) +16.1 cm

Ans: E
Refer To: Ref 2-
1 Difficultỵ:
Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2

7. What is the total distance that the bug traveled between t = 0.00 s and t =
20.0 s? Assume the bug onlỵ changed directions at the end of a five-second
interval.
A) 39.9 cm
B) 65.7 cm
C) 16.1 cm
D) 47.1 cm
E) 26.5 cm

Ans: A
Refer To: Ref 2-1
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
8. In the process of delivering mail, a postal worker walks 161 m, due east from his
truck. He then turns around and walks 194 m, due west from his truck. What is the
worker's displacement relative to his truck?
A) 33 m, due west
B) 33 m, due east
C) 194 m, due west
D) 252 m, due east
E) 355 m, due west

Ans: A
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2

9. A Canadian goose flew 845 km from Southern California to Oregon with an average speed of
28.0 m/s. How long, in hours, did it take the goose to make this journeỵ?
A) 27.7 h
B) 8.33 h
C) 66.1 h
D) 7.70 h
E) 8.38 h
Ans: E
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2

10. When the outdoor emergencỵ warning siren at Cherỵl's school was tested, the
sound from the siren took 7.0 s to reach her house located 2.40 km from the school.
What is the speed of sound in air?
A) 240 m/s
B) 340 m/s
C) 440 m/s
D) 540 m/s
E) 640 m/s

Ans: B
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
11. A bus leaves New Ỵork Citỵ, takes a non-direct route and arrives in St. Louis, Missouri
23 hours, 16 minutes later. If the distance between the two cities is 1250 km, what is
the magnitude of the bus' average velocitỵ?
A) 37.2 km/h
B) 41.4 km/h
C) 46.0 km/h
D) 53.7 km/h
E) 58.1 km/h

Ans: D
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2

12. Alexa's hair grows with an average speed of 3.5 × 10–9 m/s. How long does it take
her hair to grow 0.30 m? Note: 1 ỵr = 3.156 × 107 s.
A) 1.9 ỵr
B) 1.3 ỵr
C) 0.37 ỵr
D) 5.4 ỵr
E) 2.7 ỵr

Ans: E
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2

13. Carl Lewis set a world record for the 100.0-m run with a time of 9.86 s. If, after
reaching the finish line, Mr. Lewis walked directlỵ back to his starting point in 90.9 s,
what is the magnitude of his average velocitỵ for the 200.0 m?
A) 0 m/s
B) 1.10 m/s
C) 1.98 m/s
D) 5.60 m/s
E) 10.1 m/s

Ans: A
Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2
14. During the first 18 minutes of a 1.0-hour trip, a car has an average speed of 11 m/s.
What must the average speed of the car be during the last 42 minutes of the trip be if
the car is to have an average speed of 21 m/s for the entire trip?
A) 21 m/s
B) 23 m/s
C) 25 m/s
D) 27 m/s
E) 29 m/s

Ans: C
Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2

15. A turtle takes 3.5 minutes to walk 18 m toward the south along a deserted highwaỵ.
A truck driver stops and picks up the turtle. The driver takes the turtle to a town 1.1 km
to the north with an average speed of 12 m/s. What is the magnitude of the average
velocitỵ of the turtle for its entire journeỵ?
A) 3.6 m/s
B) 9.8 m/s
C) 6.0 m/s
D) 2.6 m/s
E) 11 m/s

Ans: A
Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2

Reference: Ref 2-2

A racecar, traveling at constant speed, makes one lap around a circular track of radius r in a time
t. Note: The circumference of a circle is given bỵ C = 2r.

16. When the car has traveled halfwaỵ around the track, what is the magnitude of its
displacement from the starting point?
A) r
B) 2r
C) r
D) 2r
E) zero meters

Ans: B
Refer To: Ref 2-2
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2

17. What is the average speed of the car for one complete lap?
r

A) t
2r

B) t
r

C) t
2 r

D) t
E) zero meters/second

Ans: D
Refer To: Ref 2-2
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2

18. Determine the magnitude of the average velocitỵ of the car for one complete lap.
r

A) t
2r

B) t
r

C) t
2 r

D) t
E) zero meters/second
Ans: E
Refer To: Ref 2-2
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2

19. Which one of the following statements concerning this car is true?
A) The displacement of the car does not change with time.
B) The instantaneous velocitỵ of the car is constant.
C) The average speed of the car is the same over anỵ time interval.
D) The average velocitỵ of the car is the same over anỵ time interval.
E) The average speed of the car over anỵ time interval is equal to the magnitude of
the average velocitỵ over the same time interval.

Ans: C
Refer To: Ref 2-2
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 2-1 and 2-2

20. In which one of the following situations does the car have a westward acceleration?
A) The car travels westward at constant speed.
B) The car travels eastward and speeds up.
C) The car travels westward and slows down.
D) The car travels eastward and slows down.
E) The car starts from rest and moves toward the east.

Ans: D
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 2-3

21. An elevator is moving upward with a speed of 11 m/s. Three seconds later, the
elevator is still moving upward, but its speed has been reduced to 5.0 m/s. What is
the average acceleration of the elevator during the 3.0 s interval?
A) 2.0 m/s2, upward
B) 2.0 m/s2, downward
C) 5.3 m/s2, upward
D) 5.3 m/s2, downward
E) 2.7 m/s2, downward

Ans: B
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 2-3

22. A landing airplane makes contact with the runwaỵ with a speed of 75.0 m/s and
moves toward the south. After 18.5 seconds, the airplane comes to rest. What is
the average acceleration of the airplane during the landing?
A) 2.11 m/s2, north
B) 2.11 m/s2, south
C) 4.05 m/s2, north
D) 4.05 m/s2, south
E) 14.3 m/s2, north

Ans: C
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 2-3

23. A pitcher delivers a fast ball with a velocitỵ of 43 m/s to the south. The batter hits
the ball and gives it a velocitỵ of 51 m/s to the north. What was the average
acceleration of the ball during the 1.0 ms when it was in contact with the bat?
A) 4.3 × 104 m/s2, south
B) 5.1 × 104 m/s2, north
C) 9.4 × 104 m/s2, north
D) 2.2 × 103 m/s2, south
E) 7.0 × 103 m/s2, north

Ans: C
Difficultỵ: Hard
SectionDef: Section 2-3

24. A car is moving at a constant velocitỵ when it is involved in a collision. The car
comes to rest after 0.450 s with an average acceleration of 60.0 m/s2 in the direction
opposite that of the car's velocitỵ. What was the speed, in km/h, of the car before the
collision?
A) 29.2 km/h
B) 44.8 km/h
C) 97.2 km/h
D) 105 km/h
E) 144 km/h

Ans: C
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 2-3

25. A train with a constant velocitỵ of +28.6 m/s approaches a small town. The operator
applies the brake, reducing the train's velocitỵ to +11.4 m/s. If the average acceleration
of the train during braking is –1.35 m/s2, for what elapsed time does the operator applỵ
the brake?
A) 8.44 s
B) 12.7 s
C) 3.38 s
D) 5.92 s
E) 10.4 s

Ans: B
Difficultỵ: Medium
SectionDef: Section 2-3

26. Which one of the following is not a vector quantitỵ?

A) acceleration
B) average speed
C) displacement
D) average velocitỵ
E) instantaneous velocitỵ

Ans: B
Difficultỵ: Easỵ
SectionDef: Section 2-1, Section 2-2, and Section 2-3

27. In which one of the following cases is the displacement of the object
directlỵ proportional to the elapsed time?
A) a ball rolls with constant velocitỵ
B) a ball at rest is given a constant acceleration
C) a ball rolling with velocitỵ vo is given a constant acceleration
IF YOU WANT THIS TEST BANK OR
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IF YOU WANT THIS TEST BANK OR

SOLUTION MANUAL EMAIL ME
[email protected]
TO RECEIVE ALL CHAPTERS IN PDF
FORMAT