Nonlinear Mathematical Physics 1996, V.3, N 34, 421425.

On Some Generalized Symmetric Integral

Operators of Buschman-Erdelyis Type
N. VIRCHENKO
Kyiv Polytechnical Institute, 252056, Prospect Peremogy, 37
Abstract
Some new symmetric integral operators with kernels involving the generalized Legen-
dres function of the rst kind P
m,n
k
(z) are introduced. Some their applications are
given.
The last time the integral transforms with more complicated special functions in the kernels
(G-, H-functions) are calling a great interest [13]. Exploring such integral transforms
gives a possibility to deeper uncover the nature and character of integral transforms with
simple kernels.
Buschman-Erdelyis integral operators have the following form [45]:
Bf(x) =
x
_
0
(x
2
t
2
)
/2
P

_
x
t
_
f(t)dt, (1)
Bf(x) =
x
_
0
(x
2
t
2
)
/2
P

_
t
x
_
f(t)dt (2)
where P

(z) is the Legendres function of the rst kind, f(x) is a locally summable function
and satises necessary conditions as x 0, x ; , are complex numbers, Re < 1,
Re 1/2. Let us notice that these operators are also known with the integral limites
from x to [45].
The operators of such type are important for mathematical physics (in the solving
of Dirichlets problem for the Euler-Poisson-Darboux equation in the quadrant-plane [6],
in the theory of Radons transform [7], [8], in the theory of the elliptic equations with
singular points [9], etc.
We shall consider some integral operators with the generalized associated Legendres
functions P
m,n
k
(z).
The generalized associated functions P
m,n
k
(z) and Q
m,n
k
(z) are two linear-independent
solutions of the following differential equation [10]:
(1 z
2
)
d
2
u
dz
2
2z
du
dz
+
_
k(k + 1)
m
2
2(1 z)

n
2
2(1 +z)
_
u = 0 (3)
Copyright c 1996 by Mathematical Ukraina Publisher.
All rights of reproduction in any form reserved.
422 N. VIRCHENKO
where k, m, n can be complex in the general case. These solutions give rise to the denition
of a class of functions P
m,n
k
(z), Q
m,n
k
(z), which for m = n are the same as the well-known
associated Legendres functions P
m,n
k
(z), Q
m,n
k
(z), respectively.
Functions P
m,n
k
(z), Q
m,n
k
(z) belong to the class of hypergeometric functions. Some
integral representations for P
m,n
k
(z), Q
m,n
k
(z) are established in [11].
The functions P
m,n
k
(z), Q
m,n
k
(z) are arised in the solving of the sufciently wide class of
the boundary value problems of mathematical physics, mechanics of continuous medium,
etc., in the different more complicated systems of orthogonal coordinates (ellipsoidal,
toroidal, bipolar, spherical, etc.).
Let us introduce the following integral operator:
P(f)(x) =

_
0
(t +x)
n
2
(t x)
m
2
P
m,n
k
_
t
x
_
f(t)dt (4)
where Re m <
1
2
,
3
2
m
n
2
1 < k <
(m+n)
2
, x > 0, f L
p
(0, ), 1 < p < ,
P
m,n
k
(z) is the generalized associated Legendres function.
Theorem 1 If k+
m+n
2
> 1, m < n < m+1,
3
2
m
n
2
1 < k <
(m+n)
2
, Re m <
1
2
, then the kernel of the integral operator (4) has the following integral representation:
(t +x)
n
2
(t x)
m
2
P
m,n
k
_
t
x
_
= Cx
nm+1
2
(5)

_
0
e
t

m
1
2
K
k
mn
2
+
1
2
(x)
1
F
1
(n m; k
3
2
+
n
2
+ 1; (t x))d,
where
C =
_
2

2
nm

1
_
k
m+n
2
_

1
_
k
3
2
m+
n
2
+ 1
_
,
K

is the modied Bessel function,

1
F
1
(a; c; z) = (a; c; z) is the conuent hypergeometric
function.
Proof. Using the integral representation for K

(xt) [12], the result of application of

Laplaces integral transform to the function K

[13], we arrive at:

P

_
t
x
_
=
_
2x

(t
2
x
2
)
/2
( )( + + 1)

_
0
e
t

1
K
+
1
2
(x)d, (6)
Re >
1
2
, Re ( ) > 0, Re ( +) > 1, Re t > 0.
According with [10], the function P
m,n
k
(z) can be represented in the form:
P
m,n
k
(z) =
2
n1
(z + 1)
mn
2
(z
2
1)
m
2
i

(
1
2
m) cos m
(a+,
1
a

_
0

k+
m+n
2
(1 2z +
2
)
m
1
2

ON SOME GENERALIZED SYMMETRIC INTEGRAL OPERATORS 423

2
F
1
_
k
m+n
2
, n m;
1
2
m;
(
2
2z + 1)
2(z + 1)
_
d, (7)
where the integral is written in the notations of Pochgammer. If a = z +

z
2
1 and the
contour of integration is such that | arg |< , then P
m,n
k
(z) can be expressed in terms of
usual Legendres function P
m
k
(z) [10].
Taking into account of (6),(7), we arrive at:
P
m,n
k
_
t
x
_
=
_
2x

2
nm
_
t +x
x
_mn
2
(t
2
x
2
)

m
2

(k +
m+n
2
+ 1)(mn + 1)

_
0
e
t

m
1
2
K
k
mn1
2
(x)
_

i=0
(t
2
x
2
)
i
2

i
_
t x
t +x
_i
2
_

1
_
i k
m+n
2
_
(8)

1
_
i +k
3
2
m+
n
2
+ 1
_

1
_
k +
m+n
2
i + 1
_
d.
Having taken of the well-known formulae of the theory of special functions [14]:
(a)
(a i)
= (1)
i
(i a + 1)
(1 a)
, (a)
i
=
(a +i)
(a)
,
after some transformations we obtain
P
m,n
k
_
t
x
_
=
_
2

x
1m+n
2
2
nm
(t +x)

n
2
(t x)

m
2

1
_
k
m+n
2
_

1
_
k
3
2
m+
n
2
+ 1
_

_
0
e
t

m
1
2
(9)
K
k
mn
2
+
1
2
(x)
_
n m; k
3
2
m+ 1; (t x)
_
d.
Hence (9) proves (5).
Corollary If Re m <
1
2
,
3
2
m
n
2
1 < k <
m+n
2
, x > 0, f L
p
(0, ), 1 < p < ,
then the integral operator (4) belongs to L
p
(0, ).
Further we introduce the following integral operator

Pf(x) =
x
_
0
(x t)

m
2
(x +t)

n
2
P
m,n
k
_
x
t
_
f(t)dt (10)
where m < 1m, n < 1,
mn
2
1 < k (m+n)/2.
424 N. VIRCHENKO
Theorem 2 If > 0, x [a; b], m < 1, n < 1, 0 < t < x,
mn
2
1 < k <
m+n
2
,
then the kernel of the integral operator (10) has the following integral representation:
(x t)

m
2
(x +t)

n
2
P
m,n
k
_
x
t
_
H(x t) = 2
k
mn
2
t
k
I
k
m+n
2
x

_
H(x t)
(k
mn
2
+ 1)
(x
2
t
2
)k +
mn
2
(x t)
nm
_
, (11)
where I

x
is the fractional integral of RiemannLioville [1], H(x) is a unit Heaviside func-
tion.
As an example of application of the above results we give evaluation of some improper
integrals with the special functions.
1)

2
_
0
(ch +sh cos x)
k+
m+n
2
sin
2m
x
2
F
1
_
n m, k
m+n
2
;
1
2
m;
sinh
2
2
sin
2
x
cosh + sinh cos x
_
dx =

2
n
(cosh + 1)
nm
2
sinh
m

_
1
2
m
_
P
m,n
k
(cosh ) (12)
(Re m <
1
2
, k >
m+n
2
1, 0 < n m < 1).
2)

_
0
x
2m
[I
r
(bx)Y
r
(cx) +I
r
(bx)Y
r
(cx)]
2
F
3
(n m, k
m+n
2
;
1
2
m, n 2k
1
2
, (13)
n 2m+ 2k +
3
2
;
x
2
4
(b c)
2
)dx =
2
m3n
2
(| b c |)
m
(b +c)
n
r(n 2k
1
2
)

(bc
1+nm
2
(
1
2
+m)
1
(n 2m+ 2k +
3
2
)
P
m,n
k
_
b
2
+c
2
2bc
_
(r = mn 2k 1, | m |<
1
2
, n > m, k <
m+n
2
,
n 2m+ 2k +
3
2
> 0; b, c > 0).
ON SOME GENERALIZED SYMMETRIC INTEGRAL OPERATORS 425
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