Scribd
Upload
11 views

Untitled document

The document explains key concepts related to geography, including grids, latitude, longitude, and time zones. It describes the Equator, heat zones, and the significance of standard time compared to local time. Additionally, it addresses practical applications of time differences based on longitude and the reasons behind various geographical phenomena.

Uploaded by

rkumarnhpc1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
11 views

Untitled document

The document explains key concepts related to geography, including grids, latitude, longitude, and time zones. It describes the Equator, heat zones, and the significance of standard time compared to local time. Additionally, it addresses practical applications of time differences based on longitude and the reasons behind various geographical phenomena.

Uploaded by

rkumarnhpc1
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

A.

Answer these questions briefly

1. What is a grid? What is a geographic grid?​


A grid is a network of imaginary lines — latitudes and longitudes — drawn on the globe that
help in locating places accurately. A geographic grid specifically consists of these latitude and
longitude lines used to identify precise locations on Earth.

2. What is the Equator? Why is it important?​


The Equator is an imaginary line located at 0° latitude. It divides the Earth into the Northern and
Southern Hemispheres and serves as the base reference line for measuring latitude. It is
significant because regions near the Equator receive the most direct sunlight.

3. What is latitude? Draw a diagram to show lines of latitude.​


Latitude is the angular distance north or south of the Equator measured in degrees. Lines of
latitude run horizontally and are parallel to the Equator.​
[A diagram should show these horizontal lines labeled with degrees north and south.]

4. Into how many heat zones is the Earth divided? Name them.​
The Earth is divided into three heat zones:

●​ Torrid Zone: Between the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn​

●​ Temperate Zones: Between the tropics and polar circles​

●​ Frigid Zones: Within the polar circles​

5. What is longitude?​
Longitude is the angular distance east or west of the Prime Meridian, measured in degrees.
Lines of longitude, called meridians, run vertically and converge at the poles.

6. How is longitude related to time?​


The Earth rotates 360° in 24 hours, or 15° per hour. Thus, every 15° difference in longitude
corresponds to a one-hour time difference, making longitudes essential in calculating local time.

7. What is local time?​


Local time is based on the position of the Sun in the sky at a specific location. It is noon when
the Sun is highest in the sky at that place.

8. What is standard time? Why is it considered more scientific than local time?​
Standard time is the uniform time set for a particular region based on a central meridian. It is
more scientific because it avoids the confusion of different local times in different cities or towns.
9. Why are time zones necessary?​
Time zones ensure uniformity in time across countries or regions, especially those with large
east-west spans, helping in better coordination and communication.

10. Why is the Equator the only great circle?​


The Equator divides the Earth into two equal halves and lies in a plane that passes through the
center of the Earth, unlike other latitude lines which are smaller and do not bisect the globe.

11. a. Which longitude is considered the International Date Line?​


The 180° longitude is considered the International Date Line (IDL).

b. Through which ocean does the IDL pass?​


The IDL passes through the Pacific Ocean.

B. Answer these questions

1. The local time at Allahabad (82.5°E) is 2:00 pm on Wednesday. What will be the time at
W (97.5°E)?​
The difference in longitude between Allahabad and W is 15°. Since the Earth rotates 15° per
hour, the time at W will be 1 hour ahead. Therefore, it will be 3:00 pm on Wednesday at W.

2. The time at 60°W is 6:00 pm. What will be the time at X (105°W)?​
The difference is 45°, or 3 hours. Since X is west of 60°W, it will be 3 hours behind, so the
time at X is 3:00 pm.

3. The time at 90°W is 3:00 pm. What is the time at Y (30°W)?​


Y is 60° east of 90°W, which means it is 4 hours ahead. The time at Y will be 7:00 pm.

4. A baby is born at 10:00 pm at a certain place. What is the time at Z, which is 60° east of
this place?​
60° = 4 hours ahead. So, the time at Z is 2:00 am the next day.

5. The time at Greenwich (0°) is 12:00 pm. A ship is at 82.5°E. What is the time on the
ship?​
82.5° = 5.5 hours ahead of GMT. Time on the ship = 5:30 pm.

6. A news broadcast is at 9:00 am GMT. What is the time in IST (Indian Standard Time)?​
IST is GMT +5:30. So the time in India will be 2:30 pm.

7. A broadcast starts at 10:40 am in Chittagong (90°E). What is the time in Sydney


(150°E)?​
Difference = 60°, or 4 hours. Time in Sydney = 2:40 pm.
C. Give reasons

1. Why are latitudes known as parallels of latitude?​


Because they run parallel to each other from east to west and never intersect.

2. Why is the distance between two latitudes always the same?​


They are evenly spaced, about 111 km apart, because they are measured from the center of
the Earth along its axis.

3. Why is the region between 23.5°N and 23.5°S the hottest zone?​
It receives vertical sunrays throughout the year, leading to high temperatures. This zone is
called the Torrid Zone.

4. Why is the region beyond 66.5°N and 66.5°S very cold?​


These regions receive slanting rays of the sun, resulting in less heat and colder temperatures.
These are the Frigid Zones.

5. Why are longitudes called meridians of longitude?​


Because they converge at the poles and measure east-west positions. They are used for time
calculation.

6. Why is IST 5 hours 30 minutes ahead of GMT?​


India’s standard meridian is 82.5°E. Each 15° = 1 hour, so 82.5° = 5.5 hours ahead.

7. Why does a difference of 1° longitude make a time difference of 4 minutes?​


360° divided by 24 hours = 15° per hour. 60 minutes / 15° = 4 minutes per degree.

8. Why is local time difficult to follow practically?​


Because each place would have a slightly different time, which creates confusion. Standard
time solves this issue.

9. Why does the IDL have a time difference of 24 hours?​


Crossing the IDL means entering a different calendar day, so the time difference is 24 hours.

10. Why is the IDL not a straight line?​


It zigzags to avoid splitting countries and islands into two different dates for convenience and
consistency.

11. Why do longitudes converge at the poles?​


Because they are semi-circles that meet at the North and South Poles, unlike parallel latitudes.

12. Why is the Equator the only great circle among latitudes?​
Because it divides the Earth into two equal halves and lies in a plane that passes through the
center of the Earth.

You might also like