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A MIS Project

This project report discusses the role of Information Technology (IT) in business, highlighting its importance in enhancing productivity, supporting corporate strategies, and addressing challenges like data security and cyber threats. It outlines various information systems, including Transaction Processing Systems (TPS), Management Information Systems (MIS), and Intelligent Support Systems (ISS), which aid decision-making and operational efficiency. Additionally, it covers the evolution of IT infrastructure and the strategic use of information systems to achieve competitive advantage in the market.

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Durga KC
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4 views

A MIS Project

This project report discusses the role of Information Technology (IT) in business, highlighting its importance in enhancing productivity, supporting corporate strategies, and addressing challenges like data security and cyber threats. It outlines various information systems, including Transaction Processing Systems (TPS), Management Information Systems (MIS), and Intelligent Support Systems (ISS), which aid decision-making and operational efficiency. Additionally, it covers the evolution of IT infrastructure and the strategic use of information systems to achieve competitive advantage in the market.

Uploaded by

Durga KC
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PROJECT REPORT

ON
Management Information System

For the partial fulfillment of BBA 3rd Semester

Mahendra Multiple Campus, Dang

(Affiliated to Tribhuvan University)

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:


Durga Kumari Khatri Karna Pun Sir
Roll no: 27567/20

December 2022

IT and role of IT in Business Today


Information technology is the use of computers to create, process,
store, retrieve, and exchange all kinds of data and information. IT forms
part of information and communications technology. Information
Technology means the use of hardware, software, services, and
supporting infrastructure to manage and deliver information using
voice, data, and video.

Role of IT in Business Organization

 Meeting global challenges


 Capturing opportunities in the market place
 Supporting corporate strategies
 Linking departments whose functions are different
 Enhancing working productivity
 Increasing the quality of goods and services
Challenges and Opportunities of Information System
Challenges
 Data security
 Big data
 Cloud computing
 Open source software
 Social media related liabilities
 The Internet of things
 Hybrid work environments
 Cyber security threats
 Annual increase and unexpected IT expenditures
 The Great Resignation
 Fast evolution of software

Opportunities

 Computer network architect.


 Computer programmer.
 Computer security specialist.
 Computer systems analyst.
 IT technician.
 Network administrator.
 Quality assurance analyst.
 User experience engineer.
 Strategic Business Objectives of Information System
 Operational Excellence
 New products, service, and business model
 Customer and supplier intimacy
 Improved decision making
 Competitive advantage
 Survival

Systems for different management groups


Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)

A Transaction Processing System (TPS) is a type of information system


that collects, stores, modifies and retrieves the data transactions of an
enterprise. Transaction processing systems also attempt to provide
predictable response times to requests, although this is not as critical as
for real-time systems.

– Serves operational managers and staff


– Principal purpose is to answer routine questions and track the
flow of transactions through the organization.

• E.g., inventory questions, granting credit to customer

– Monitor status of internal operations and firm’s relationship with


external environment.
– Highly central to business operations and functioning.
– Serves predefined, structured decision making

Management Information Systems (MIS)


MIS is used to transform data into useful information in order to
support managerial decision-making with structured decisions or
programmed decisions. In simple words, a MIS is a computer-based
information system which assists managers in decision-making and
control and in planning more effectively.

– Academic Context

•The study of information systems in business and management.

– Systems Context

•Specific category of information systems serving middle


management.

•Provides pre-specified reports on firm’s performance, to help monitor


firm and predict future performance.

•Summarizes and reports on basic operations using data from


Transaction Processing Systems.

•Provides weekly, monthly, annual results, but may enable drill down
into daily or hourly data. (Production reports)

•Typically not very flexible systems with little analytical capability.


(Pre-defined structured decision making)
Intelligent support systems (ISS)
Intelligent support systems (ISS) are that facilitate decisions requiring
the use of knowledge, intuition, experience, and expertise. Systems
that fall into this category are

 Decision support systems(DSS)


 Executive information systems (EIS)
 Artificial intelligence (AI) and expert systems (ES)

Such systems are called intelligent support systems because they


support the knowledge intensive activities of managers, which require
the application of the practical knowledge and practical experience.

Knowledge work system


A knowledge work system (KWS) is a specialized system built to
promote the creation of knowledge and to make sure that knowledge
and technical skills are proper integrated into business. It helps the
knowledge workers in creating and propagating new information and
knowledge by providing them the graphics, analytical, communications,
and document management tools.

The knowledge workers also need to search for knowledge outside the
organization. Thus, knowledge work system must give easy access to
external databases. In addition, knowledge work systems should have
user-friendly interface to help users to get the required information
quickly and easily.
Some examples of knowledge work systems are computer-aided design
(CAD) systems, virtual reality systems, and financial workstations.

Information systems to achieve competitive Advantage


1. Traditional competitors
2. New market Entrants
3. Substitute product and services
4. Customers
5. Suppliers

Information system Strategies for dealing with Competitive


Forces
 Low cost leadership
 Product differentiation
 Focus on market niche strengthen customer and supplier intimacy
 Innovation
 Growth
 Strategic Alliance

Classification of Porter’s Value Chain Activities


Primary activities
The primary activities within Michael Porter's value chain are used to
provide a company with a competitive advantage in any one of the five
activities so it has an advantage in the industry in which it operates.

 Inbound logistic
 Operation
 Outbound logistic
 Marketing sales
 Service

Support activities

Value chain support activities do just that, they support the primary
activities. The support, or secondary, activity generally plays a role in
each primary activity.

 Procurement
 Human resource management
 Technological development
 Infrastructure

Five Moral Dimensions of the information age


 Information rights and obligation
 Property rights and obligation
 System quality
 Quality of life
 Accountability and control

IT Infrastructure
Information technology infrastructure is defined broadly as a set of
information technology components that are the foundation of an IT
service which increasing the productivity of an organization serving
customers managing internal business processes and enhancing the
decision making capabilities of knowledge workers; typically physical
components, but also various software and network components.

Evolution of IT Infrastructure
 General-purpose Mainframe and Minicomputer Era [1959-
present]
 Personal Computer Era [1981-present]
 Client/Server Era [1983-present]
 Enterprise Computing Era [1992-present]
 Cloud and Mobile Computing Era [2000-present]

Technology Drivers of Infrastructure


1. Moore’s Law and Micro processing Power
2. The law of Mass Digital Storage
3. Metcalf’s law and Network Economics
4. Declining Communication Costs and the Internet
5. Standards and Network effects

Infrastructure Components
1. Computer Hardware Platforms
2. Operating System Platforms
3. Enterprise Software Applications
4. Data Management and Storage
5. Networking Platform
6. Internet Platforms

Online Analytical Processing


Online analytical processing (OLAP) is a technology that organizes large
business databases and supports complex analysis. It can be used to
perform complex analytical queries without negatively affecting
transactional systems.

Some components of Online Analytical Processing are:

 OLAP operations in the multidimensional data model


 Data mining
 Text mining
 Web mining
 Database and Web

Difference between Data Warehouse and Data Mart:

System Development Life Cycle [SDLC]


Preliminary Investigation

System Analysis

System Requirement Specification

System Design

System Development

Implementation

Maintenance

PROJECT REPORT
ON
Management Information System

For the partial fulfillment of BBA 3rd Semester

Mahendra Multiple Campus, Dang

(Affiliated to Tribhuvan University)

SUBMITTED BY: SUBMITTED TO:


Karna Pun Sir
Roll no: 27599/20

December 2022

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