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5) Which of these software packages are NOT open source software (OSS)?
A) Microsoft Windows Vista
B) Mozilla Firefox web browser
C) Apache web server
D) a Linux operating system
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 5

2
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
6) Which of these characteristics is most important to a systems analyst?
A) communicator
B) problem solver
C) programmer
D) project manager
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 8

7) Which of these statements concerning the systems development life cycle is true?
A) Designing the system is the first step in the SDLC.
B) No phase can occur until the previous phase is completed.
C) Although each phase is presented discretely, it is never accomplished as a separate step.
D) There is widespread agreement that the SDLC is composed of seven phases.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8

8) During which phase of the SDLC should the analyst determine the who, what, where, when
and how of the current system?
A) Determining Human Information Requirements
B) Analyzing System Needs
C) Designing the System
D) Implementing and Evaluating the System
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 10

9) In which phase of the SDLC are data flow diagrams constructed?

A) Determining Human Information Requirements
B) Analyzing System Needs
C) Designing the System
D) Testing and Maintaining the System
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 10

10) During which phase of the SDLC would a programmer develop an FAQ (Frequently Asked
Questions)?
A) Analyzing System Needs
B) Designing the System
C) Developing and Documenting Software
D) Implementing and Evaluating the System
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 11

3
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
11) During which phase of the SDLC is the analyst concerned with determining problems within
the organization?
A) Identifying Problems, Opportunities, and Objectives
B) Determining Human Information Requirements
C) Analyzing System Needs
D) Implementing and Evaluating the System
Answer: A
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9

12) In which phase of the SDLC is the analyst most heavily involved in user training?
A) Designing the System
B) Developing and Documenting Software
C) Testing and Maintaining System
D) Implementing and Evaluating the System
Answer: D
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 11

13) System maintenance must be performed to

A) correct software errors.
B) add capabilities to the software.
C) incorporate new business requirements to the software.
D) all of the above.
Answer: D
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 12

14) Which of these is not an approach taken by the analyst when adopting CASE tools?
A) communicating more effectively with users
B) expediting the local area network
C) increasing productivity
D) integrating the work done during life cycle stages
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 14

15) An encyclopedia that is used to store all project information is called

A) a data dictionary.
B) an upper CASE tool.
C) a CASE repository.
D) a lower CASE tool.
Answer: C
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 14

4
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
16) Which of the following is not a dimension used to categorize an open source community?
A) Programming style
B) Environment
C) User community
D) Licensing
Answer: A
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 5

17) Which of the following is not an advantage of mounting an application on the Web?
A) It is easy to create a Web site that different cultures can relate to.
B) the possibility of 24-hour access for users
C) increasing awareness of the availability of a service, product, person, industry or group
D) standardizing the design of the interface
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 4-5

18) Enterprise resource planning systems integrate

A) different cultures across the globe in an ecommerce environment.
B) legacy systems into an extranet.
C) information systems existing on different management levels.
D) resources so that capital expenditures are minimized.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 5

19) Designing systems for wireless handheld devices is called

A) small scale systems.
B) wcommerce.
C) mcommerce.
D) enterprise resource planning.
Answer: C
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 5

20) When program software is distributed free with the code or computer instructions available
for anyone to modify is called
A) freeware.
B) code independent software.
C) a distributed system.
D) open source software.
Answer: D
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 5

5
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
21) When groups need to work together to make semi-structured or unstructured decision, a
solution is to use a(n)
A) executive support system.
B) group decision support system.
C) expert system.
D) knowledge work system.
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 3

22) A standardized language in which a system is broken down into a use case model is called
A) artificial intelligence.
B) a distributed system.
C) the unified modeling language.
D) multiview.
Answer: C
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 17

23) Which of the following is not one of the fundamental components of the agile approach?
A) Pressure.
B) Values.
C) Principles.
D) Core practices.
Answer: A
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 14

24) Which of the following is not one of the four values of the agile approach?
A) Communication.
B) Expertise
C) Simplicity
D) Courage
Answer: B
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 14

25) Which of the following is a human need taken into account when considering the human-
computer interaction?
A) The hardware that the system will run on.
B) The pleasing, aesthetic and enjoyable aspects of using the system.
C) The amount of training that will be required.
D) The kind of monitoring that will take place for compliance.
Answer: B
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 11

6
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
1.2 True/False

1) A management information system departs from the traditional transaction processing system
in that it emphasizes the support of decision making in all its phases.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 3

2) Knowledge work systems use common software tools to manipulate but not create new
information.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 3

3) Computer supported collaborative work might include groupware for teams via networked
computers.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 4

4) User involvement throughout the systems project is of little importance in the successful
development of business information systems.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 6

5) The three primary roles of the systems analyst are as consultant, supporting expert, and
change agent.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 6

6) When analysts are hired specifically from outside the business to address information systems
issues within a business, they are acting as supporting experts.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 6

7) Each phase of the system development life cycle is accomplished as a discrete, separate step.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 8

8) The first phase that the analyst enters into is that of determining information requirements for
the particular users involved.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 9

9) A systems proposal is prepared after the analysis of system needs.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 10

7
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
10) Structured techniques like the structure charts and pseudocode are chiefly useful during the
system evaluation and implementation phase.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 11

11) During the life cycle of an information system, more time is spend in system maintenance
than it took to design and develop the system.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 13

12) CASE tools have the potential of increasing systems analysts' productivity.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 14

13) CASE tools allow the user to easily draw and modify diagrams.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 14

14) It is the drawing of diagrams rather than in their modification that CASE tools excel over the
use of templates.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 14

15) Upper CASE tools store data in an encyclopedia called a CASE repository.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 14

16) A disadvantage of using lower CASE tools is that time to maintain systems is increased.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 14

17) Code generators create error free computer programs.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 14

18) Object oriented techniques are used when systems must change rapidly in response to
dynamic business environments.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 17

19) The four values of the agile approach are communication, simplicity, feedback and courage.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 14

20) One of the advantages of ecommerce is creating a system that can extend globally.

8
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 5
21) ERP is a method for developing Web sites for a single user group.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 5

22) Mcommerce systems are developed for handheld wireless devices.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 5

23) Open source software is distributed for free and then users pay for updates to the software.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 5

24) The open source software community is a monoculture, a single unified community.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 5

25) The human-computer interaction takes into account human frustrations and feelings.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 9

1.3 Fill-in-the-Blank

1) Decision makers are beginning to understand that ________ is not just a byproduct of
conducting business, but a critical factor in determining the success or failure of a business.
Answer: information
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 1

2) ________ are computerized information systems developed to process large amounts of data
for routine business transactions such as payroll and inventory.
Answer: Transaction processing systems
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 2

3) ________ are intended to bring a group together to solve a problem with the help of various
supports such as polling, questionnaires, brainstorming, and scenario creation.
Answer: Group decision support systems
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 3

4) An ________, also called a knowledge based system, effectively captures and uses the
knowledge of an expert for solving a particular problem experienced in an organization.
Answer: expert system
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 3

5) When analysts perform any activities in the systems development life cycle and are present in

9
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
the business for an extended period of time, they are acting as ________.
Answer: change agents
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 7

6) The most prominent quality of an analyst is that of a ________.

Answer: problem solver
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 8

7) ________ are situations that the analyst believes can be improved through the use of
information systems.
Answer: Opportunities
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 9

8) The ________ summarizes what has been found during the systems analysis phase, provides
cost/benefit analyses of alternatives, and makes recommendations on what should be done.
Answer: systems proposal

Diff: 2 Page Ref: 10

9) The ________ contains input and output layouts, file specifications, and processing details for
programmers.
Answer: program specifications packet
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 11

10) ________ involves training users to use the system and planning for the smooth conversion
of the old system to the new one.
Answer: Implementation
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 11

11) One important justification for CASE tools is to increase analyst ________.
Answer: productivity
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 14

12) ________ tools generate computer code.

Answer: Lower CASE
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 14

13) The ________ is the layer of the computer that is between humans and the computer.
Answer: human computer interaction
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 9

14) ________ are available 24/7 and extend globally.

Answer: Web-based Technologies or Ecommerce Applications
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 4

10
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
15) ________ is the integration of many information systems existing on different management
levels and within different functions.
Answer: Enterprise resource planning
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 5

11
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
16) Wireless ecommerce is referred to as ________.
Answer: mcommerce
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 5

17) Software that is distributed free along with the program source code is called ________.
Answer: open source software
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 5

18) The ________ is based on values, principles, and core practices.

Answer: agile approach
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 14

19) The most comprehensive and responsible role that the systems analyst takes on is that of an
________.
Answer: agent of change
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 7

20) The ________ is a phased approach to analysis and design that holds that systems are best
developed through the use of a specific cycle of analyst and user activities.
Answer: systems development life cycle
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 8

21) An online manual or Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) would be developed during the
________ phase.
Answer: Developing and Documenting Software
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 11

22) After the system is installed, it must be ________, meaning that the computer programs must
be
modified and kept up to date.
Answer: maintained
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 12

23) By requiring people, software, and hardware to function in concert, ________ support users
in accomplishing a broader spectrum of organizational tasks than transaction processing systems,
including decision analysis and decision making.
Answer: management information systems
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 3

24) ________ help executives organize their interactions with the external environment by
providing graphics and communications technologies in accessible places such as boardrooms or
personal corporate offices.
Answer: Executive support systems (ESS)
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 4

12
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
25) ________ is an approach that is intended to facilitate the development of systems that must
change rapidly in response to dynamic business environments.
Answer: Object-oriented analysis and design
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 17

1.4 Short Answer

1) List the three primary roles of the systems analyst.

Answer: The three primary roles of the systems analyst are consultant, supporting expert, and
agent of change.
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 6

2) Describe how a transaction processing system is different from a decision support system.
Answer: A transaction processing system is used for large amounts of routine transactional data
(company inventory or payroll), while decision support systems offers personalized data to an
individual or group that is designed to support decision making in all its phases.
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 2

3) List four of the seven phases of the systems development life cycle.
Answer: Identifying problems, opportunities, and objectives - Determining human information
requirements - Analyzing system needs - Designing the recommended system - Developing and
documenting software - Testing and maintaining the system - Implementing and evaluating the
system
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 8

4) Describe the differences between upper CASE tools and lower CASE tools.
Answer: Upper CASE tools allow the analyst to create and modify the system design, while
lower CASE tools are used to generate the program code itself.
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 14

5) Describe a situation in which an analyst would choose to use object-oriented systems analysis
and design, rather than the systems development life cycle.
Answer: Students should describe a situation in which the system to be designed must change
rapidly in response to dynamic business environments or are undergoing continuous
maintenance, adaptation and redesign.
Diff: 3 Page Ref: 17

13
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Other documents randomly have
different content
 140. ¶ To nourishe all maner of stone fruite, and
nuttes.
Stone-fruits.

As for cheryes, dampsons, bulleys, plummes, and suche

other, maye be sette of stones, and also of the scyences,
growynge aboute the tree, of the same, for they wyll
Filberts and walnuts.

sooneste beare. Fylberdes and walnuttes maye be set of 4 the

nuttes in a gardeyne, and after remoued and sette where he
wyll. But whan they be remoued, they wolde be set vpon as
good a grounde, or a better, or els they wyll not lyke. 8

141. ¶ A shorte information for a yonge gentyl-

man, that entendeth to thryue.
Get a copy of this book, and read it from beginning to end.

I auyse hym to gette a copy of this presente boke, and to

rede it frome the begynnynge to the endynge, wherby he
maye perceyue the chapyters and contentes of the same, and
by reason of ofte redyng, he maye 4 waxe perfyte, what
shulde be doone at all seasons. For
[Fol. 57b.]

I lerned two verses at grammar-scole, and they be these:

Cf. Ovid, ex Ponto Epist. IV. x. 5.

Gutta cauat lapidem non vi, sed sæpe cadendo: Sic homo fit
sapiens non vi, sed sæpe legendo: A droppe of water perseth
8 a stoone, not al-onely by his owne strengthe, but by his
often fallynge. Ryghte so a man shall be made wyse, not all-
onely by hym-selfe, but by his ofte redynge. And soo maye
this yonge gentyllman, accordynge to the 12
Read a chapter to your servants now and then.
season of the yere, rede to his seruauntes what chapyter he
wyll. And also for any other maner of profyte conteyned in
the same, the whiche is necessary for a yonge husbande, that
hath not the experyence of housbandrye, 16 nor other
thynges conteyned in this presente boke, to take a good
remembraunce and credence thervnto, for there is an olde
sayinge, but of what auctorytie I cannot
Practice is better than theory.

tell: Quod melior est practica rusticorum, quam scientia 20

philosophorum. It is better the practiue or knowlege of an
husband-man well proued, than the science or connynge of a
philosopher not proued, for there is nothynge touchyng
husbandry, and other profytes conteyned in 24 this presente
booke, but I haue hadde the experyence therof, and proued
the same. And ouer and beside al this boke, I wil aduise him
to ryse betime in the morning,
[Fol. 58.]

according to the verse before spoke of, Sanat, sanctificat, 28

et ditat surgere mane: And go about his closes, pastures,
fieldes, and specially by the hedges, & to haue in his
Keep a pair of tables, and make notes of all that seems amiss.

purse a payre of tables, and whan he seeth any-thing, that

wolde be amended, to wryte it in his tables: as if he 32 fynde
any horses, mares, beastes, shepe, swyne, or geese in his
pastures, that be not his owne: And perauenture thoughe
they be his owne, he wolde not haue them to goo there, or to
fynde a gap, or a sherde in his hedge, 36 or any water
standynge in his pastures vppon his grasse, wherby he maye
take double hurte, bothe losse of his grasse, and rotting of his
shepe and calues. And also of standynge-water in his corne-
fieldes at the landes 40 endes, or sydes, and howe he wolde
haue his landes
Look to the corn, cattle, ditches, etc.

plowed, donged, sturred, or sowen. And his corne weded or

shorne or his cattell shifted out of one pasture into an other,
and to loke what dychyng, quicsettyng, or plashing, 44 is
necessary to be had, and to ouer-se his shepeherd, how he
handleth and ordreth his shepe, and his seruantes
Look to the gates.

howe they plowe and do theyr warkes, or if any gate be

broken down, or want any staues, and go not lyghtly 48 to
open and tyne, and that it do not traile, and that the windes
blowe it not open, with many mo necessary
[Fol. 58b.]

thynges that are to be loked vpon. For a man alwaye

wanderynge or goinge aboute somewhat, fyndeth or seeth 52
that is a-mysse, and wolde be amended. And as soone as he
seeth any suche defautes, than let hym take oute his tables,
and wryte the defautes. And whan he commeth home to
diner, supper, or at nyght, than let hym call his 56
Tell your bailiff of all that needs to be done.

bayly, or his heed-seruaunte, and soo shewe hym the

defautes, that they may be shortly amended. And whan it is
amended, than let him put it out of his tables. For this vsed I
to doo .x. or .xii. yeres and more. And thus 60 let hym vse
dayely, and in shorte space he shall sette moche thynges in
good order, but dayely it wyll haue
If you cannot write, make nicks on a stick.

mendynge. And yf he canne not wryte, let hym nycke the

defautes vppon a stycke, and to shewe his bayely, as 64 I
sayde before. Also take hede bothe erly and late, at all tymes,
what maner of people resorte and comme to thy house, and
the cause of theyr commynge, and specially if they brynge
with them pytchers, cannes, tancardes, 68
Keep an eye on the servants, and on all who come to your house.

bottelles, bagges, wallettes, or busshell-pokes. For if thy

seruauntes be not true, they maye doo the great hurte, and
them-selfe lyttel auauntage. Wherfore they wolde be well
loked vppon. And he that hath .ii. true seruauntes, 72 a man-
seruaunte, and an-other a woman-seruaunt, he hath
[Fol. 59.]

a great treasure, for a trewe seruaunte wyl do iustly hym-

selfe, and if he se his felowes do amysse, he wyl byd them do
no more so, for if they do, he wyll shewe his master 76
therof: and if he do not this, he is not a trewe seruaunt.

142. ¶ A lesson made in Englisshe verses, to

teache a gentylmans seruaunt, to saye at euery
tyme whan he taketh his horse, for his
remembraunce, that he shall not forget his gere in
his inne behynde hym.

Pvrse, dagger, cloke, nyght-cap, kerchef, shoyng-horne,

boget, and shoes.
Hexameter verses, to help the memory.

Spere, male, hode, halter, sadelclothe, spores, hatte, with thy

horse-combe.
Bowe, arrowes, sworde, bukler, horne, leisshe, gloues,
stringe, and thy bracer.
Penne, paper, inke, parchmente, reedwaxe, pommes, bokes,
thou remember. 4
Penknyfe, combe, thimble, nedle, threde, poynte, leste that
thy gurthe breake.
Bodkyn, knyfe, lyngel, gyue thy horse meate, se he be
showed well.
Make mery, synge and thou can; take hede to thy gere, that
thou lose none.
[Fol. 59b.]

143. ¶ A prologue for the wyues occupation.

Nowe thou husbande, that haste doone thy dylygence and

labour, that longeth to an husbande, to get thy lyuynge, thy
wyues, thy chyldrens, and thy seruauntes:
Seldom thrives the husband without his wife’s leave.

yet are there other thynges, that muste nedes be done, 4 or

elles thou shalte not thryue. For there is an olde common
sayenge, that seldom doth the housbande thryue, withoute
the leue of his wyfe. By this sayenge it shoulde seme, that
there be other occupations and labours, that 8 be moste
conuenient for the wyues to do. And howe be
I will tell the wives part of their duties.

it that I haue not experyence of al theyr occupations and

warkes, as I haue of husbandry, yet a lyttell wyl I speke what
they ought to do, though I tel them nat howe they 12 shulde
doo and exercyse theyr labours and occupations.

144. ¶ A lesson for the wyfe.

But yet er I begynne to shewe the wyfe, what warkes

A lesson of Solomon.
she shall do, I wyll firste teche her a lesson of Salomon, as I
did to her husbande a lesson of the philosopher, and that is,
that she shulde not be ydle at noo tyme: 4 for Salomon
saythe, Ociosus non gaudebit cum electis in cælo: sed lugebit
in æternum cum reprobis in inferno: That
[Fol. 60.]

is to say, The ydle folke shall not ioye with the chosen folkes
in heuen, but they shall sorowe with the reproued 8
A lesson of Jerome.

and forsaken folkes in hell. And saynt Iherom saythe: Semper

boni operis aliquid facito, vt te diabolus inueniat occupatum:
Quia sicut in aqua stante generantur vermes: sic in homine
ocioso generantur malæ cogitationes: That is to say, 12
Alwaye be doinge of some good werkes, that the dyuell may
fynde the euer occupied: for as in standynge water are
engendred wormes, ryghte soo in an ydle body are
engendred ydle thoughtes. Here mayste thou se, that 16 of
ydelnes commeth damnation, and of good warkes and labour
cometh saluation. Nowe arte thou at thy lyberty,
Choose either idleness or labour.

to chose whether waye thou wylt, wherin is a great diuersitie.

And he is an vnhappy man or woman, that 20 god hath giuen
bothe wyt and reason, and putteth hym in chose, and woll
chose the worst parte. Nowe thou wyfe, I trust to shewe to
the dyuers occupations, warkes, and laboures, that thou shalt
not nede to be ydle no tyme 24 of the yere.

145. ¶ What thynges the wyfe is bounden of ryght

to do.
Let the wife love her husband.
 First and prynycypally the wyfe is bounde of ryghte to loue
her housbande, aboue father and mother, and aboue
[Fol. 60b.]

all other men. For our lorde saythe in his gospell;

Matt. xix. 5.
Mark x. 7.

Relinquet patrem et matrem, et adherebit[31] vxori suæ: A

man 4 shulde leue father and mother, and drawe to his wyfe:
and the same wyse a wyfe shulde do to her husbande. And
are made by the vertue of the sacrament of holy
One body, and two souls.

scripture one fleshe, one bloude, one body, and two 8 soules.
Wherfore theyr hartes, theyr myndes, theyr warkes, and
occupations, shulde be all one, neuer to seuer nor chaunge
durynge theyr natural lyues, by any mannes acte or dede, as
it is sayde in the same gospel: 12
Matt. xix. 9.
Mark x. 9.

Quod deus coniunxit, homo non separet: That thynge that

god hath ioyned to-gether, noo man maye seuer nor departe.
Wherfore it is conuenyente that they loue eche other as
effectually as they wolde doo theyr owne 16 selfe, &c.

146. ¶ What warkes a wyfe shulde do in generall.

First, at rising, bless thyself.

First in a mornyng whan thou arte waked, and purposeste

to ryse, lyfte vp thy hande, and blesse the, and make a sygne
of the holy crosse, In nomine patris, et filii, et spiritus sancti.
Amen. In the name of the father, the 4
[Fol. 61.]
sonne, and the holy gooste. And if thou saye a Pater noster,
an Aue, and a Crede, and remember thy maker, thou shalte
spede moche the better. And whan thou arte
Sweep the house,

vp and redy, than first swepe thy house, dresse vp thy 8

dyssheborde, and sette all thynges in good order within
milk the cows, dress the children.

thy house: milke thy kye, socle[32] thy calues, sye vp thy
mylke, take vppe thy chyldren and araye theym, and prouyde
for thy husbandes brekefaste, dynner, souper, 12 and for thy
chyldren and seruauntes, and take thy parte
Send corn to the mill, and measure it before it goes.

with theym. And to ordeyne corne and malte to the myll, to

bake and brue withall whanne nede is. And meete it to the
myll, and fro the myll, and se that thou 16 haue thy measure
agayne besyde the tolle, or elles the myller dealeth not truely
with the, or els thy corne is not
Make butter and cheese.

drye as it shoulde be. Thou must make butter, and chese

whan thou maist, serue thy swyne bothe mornyng and 20
euenynge, and gyue thy poleyn meate in the mornynge; and
whan tyme of the yere cometh, thou must take hede
Gather the eggs.

howe thy hennes, duckes, and geese do ley, and to gather vp

theyr egges, and whan they waxe brodye, to sette 24 them
there as noo beastes, swyne, nor other vermyn hurte them.
And thou muste knowe, that all hole-footed fowles wyll sytte
a moneth, and all clouen-footed fowles
[Fol. 61b.]

wyll sytte but three wekes, excepte a peyhenne, and greatte

28 fowles, as cranes, bustardes, and suche other. And whan
they haue broughte forthe theyr byrdes, to see that they be
well kepte from the gleyd, crowes, fullymartes, and
Put in order the garden.

other vermynne. And in the begynnynge of Marche, or 32 a

lyttell afore, is tyme for a wyfe to make her garden, and to
gette as many good sedes and herbes as she canne, and
specially suche as be good for the potte, and to eate: and as
ofte as nede shall requyre, it muste be weded, for 36 els the
wedes wyl ouergrowe the herbes. And also in Marche is tyme
to sowe flaxe and hempe, for I haue
Better are March hards than April flax.

harde olde houswyues saye, that better is Marche hurdes

than Apryll flaxe, the reason appereth: but howe it 40 shulde
be sowen, weded, pulled, repeyled, watred, wasshen, dryed,
beaten, braked, tawed, hecheled, spon, wounden, wrapped,
and wouen, it nedeth not for me to shewe, for they be wise
ynough; and therof may they 44
Make sheets, towels, and shirts.

make shetes, bordclothes, towels, shertes, smockes, and

suche other necessaryes, and therfore let thy dystaffe be
alwaye redye for a pastyme, that thou be not ydle. And
vndouted a woman can-not gette her lyuynge 48 honestely
with spynnynge on the distaffe, but it stoppeth
[Fol. 62.]

a gap, and muste nedes be had. The bolles of flaxe, whan

they be ripeled of, must be rideled from the wedes,
Dry the flax.

and made drye with the son, to get out the sedes. Howe 52
be it one maner of linsede, called loken sede, wyll not open
by the son: and therfore, whan they be drye, they muste be
sore brused and broken, the wiues knowe howe, and than
winowed and kepte drye, tyll yere-tyme come 56 agayn. Thy
female hempe must be pulled from the churle hempe, for that
beareth no sede, and thou must do by it, as thou dydest by
the flax. The churle hempe beareth sede, and beware that
byrdes eate it not, as it 60 groweth: the hemp therof is not
soo good as the female
Sometimes there is a great deal to do.

hempe, but yet it wyll do good seruyce. May fortune

somtime, that thou shalt haue so many thinges to do, that
thou shalt not well knowe where is best to begyn. Than 64
take hede, which thing shulde be the greattest losse, if it
were not done, and in what space it wold be done: than
thinke what is the greatest losse, & there begyn.
Leave that till last which will best wait.

But in case that thynge, that is of greateste losse, wyll 68 be

longe in doynge, and thou myghteste do thre or foure other
thynges in the meane whyle, thanne loke well, if all these
thynges were sette together, whiche of them were the
greattest losse; and if all these thynges be of 72
[Fol. 62b.]

greater losse, and may be all done in as shorte space, as the

other, than doo thy many thynges fyrste.
¶ It is conuenyente for a housbande to haue shepe of his
owne, for many causes, and than maye his wife haue 76
With some of the wool make clothes.

part of the woll, to make her husbande and her-selfe some

clothes. And at the leaste waye, she may haue the lockes of
the shepe, eyther to make clothes or blankettes &
couerlettes, or bothe. And if she haue no woll of her 80 owne,
she maye take wol to spynne of clothe-makers, and by that
meanes she maye haue a conuenyent lyuynge, and many
tymes to do other warkes. It is a wyues occupation,
Winnow corn, brew, wash, make hay, etc.

to wynowe all maner of cornes, to make malte, to wasshe 84

and wrynge, to make heye, shere corne, and in tyme of nede
to helpe her husbande to fyll the mucke-wayne or dounge-
carte, dryue the ploughe, to loode hey, corne, and
Sell the butter, cheese, hens, geese, and corn.

suche other. And to go or ride to the market, to sel butter, 88

chese, mylke, egges, chekyns, capons, hennes, pygges, gese,
and all maner of cornes. And also to bye all maner
Keep accounts.

of necessarye thynges belongynge to houssholde, and to

make a trewe rekenynge and a-compte to her housbande, 92
what she hath payed. And yf the housbande go to the
market, to bye or sell, as they ofte do, he than to shewe
[Fol. 63.]

his wife in lyke maner. For if one of them shoulde vse to

deceyue the other, he deceyueth hym-selfe, and he is 96 not
lyke to thryue. And therfore they muste be trewe
I will not explain all points of deceit.

eyther to other. I coulde peraduenture shewe the housbandes

dyuerse poyntes that the wyues deceyue them in: and in lyke
maner, howe husbandes deceyue theyr 100 wyues: but if I
shulde do so, I shulde shewe mo subtyll poyntes of deceypt,
than eyther of them knewe of before. And therfore me
semeth beste to holde my peace, least
Else I should act like the Knight de la Tour,

I shoulde do as the knyght of the toure dyd, the whiche 104

had many fayre doughters, and of fatherly loue that he
oughte to them, he made a boke, to a good entente, that
they myghte eschewe and flee from vyces, and folowe
vertues. In the whiche boke he shewed, that if they 108 were
wowed, moued, or styred by any man, after suche a maner
as he there shewed, that they shulde withstande
who wrote a book against vice,

it. In the whiche boke he shewed so many wayes, howe a

man shoulde atteyne to his purpose, to brynge a woman 112
to vice, the whiche wayes were so naturall, and the wayes to
come to theyr purpose were soo subtylly contryued, and
craftely shewed, that harde it wold be for any woman
but really taught vice.

to resyste or deny theyr desyre. And by the sayd boke 116

hath made bothe the men and the women to knowe more
[Fol. 63b.]

vyces, subtyltye, and crafte, than euer they shulde haue

knowen, if the boke had not ben made: in the whiche boke
he named hym-selfe the knight of the towre. And 120 thus I
leue the wyues, to vse theyr occupations at theyr owne
discreation.

147. ¶ To kepe measure in spendynge.

Take care.

Nowe thou husbande and huswyfe, that haue done your

diligence and cure, accordynge to the fyrste artycle of the
philosopher, that is to saye: Adhibe curam. And also haue well
remembred the sayeng of wyse Salomon: 4 Quod ociosus non
gaudebit cum electis in cælo: sed lugebit in æternum cum
reprobis in inferno: Thanne ye must remembre, obserue, and
kepe in mind, the seconde article of
Keep measure.
the sayinge of the philosopher, that is to saye, Tene 8
mensuram: That is to saye in englysshe, holde and kepe
measure. And accordynge to that sayenge, I lerned two
Spendthrifts come to poverty.

verses at grammer-schole, and they be these, Qui plus

expendit, quam rerum copia rendit: Non admiretur, si
paupertate 12 grauetur: he that dothe more expende, thanne
his goodes wyll extende, meruayle it shall not be, thoughe
[Fol. 64.]

he be greued with pouertee. And also accordynge to that

sayenge speketh sayncte Paul and saythe, Iuxta 16 facultates
faciendi sunt sumptus, ne longi temporis victum, breuis hora
consumat: That is to saye, A[f]ter thy faculty
Spend according to your income;

or thy honoure, make thyne expences, leste thou spende in

shorte space that thynge, that thou shouldest lyue 20 by
longe. This texte toucheth euery manne, from the hyest
degree to the loweste; wherfore it is necessary to euerye
manne and womanne to remembre and take good hede
there-vnto, for to obserue, kepe, and folowe the 24 same; but
bycause this texte of sayncte Paule is in latyn,
or, in plain English,

and husbandes commonely can but lyttell laten, I fere leaste

they can-not vnderstande it. And thoughe it were declared
ones or twyse to theym, that they wolde 28 forgette it:
Wherfore I shall shewe to theym a texte
eat within your tether.

in englysshe, and that they maye well vnderstande, and that

is this, Eate within thy tedure.

148. ¶ To eate within the tedure.

 Thou husbande and huswife, that intend to folowe
Spare at the brink, not at the bottom.

the sayinge of the philosopher, that is to saye, kepe measure,

you muste spare at the brynke, and not at the bottom, that is
to vnderstande, in the begynnynge of 4
[Fol. 64b.]

the yere, sellynge of thy cornes, or spendynge in thy house,

vnto the tyme that thou haue sowen agayne thy wynter-
corne, and thy lente-corne, and than se what remayneth to
serue thy house, and of the ouerplus thou 8 mayste sell and
bye suche other necessaryes, as thou must
Do not spend much at the beginning of the year.

nedes occupie. And if thou spende it in the begynnynge of

the yere, and shall want in the hynder ende, than thou doste
not eate within thy tedure, and at the laste 12 thou shalte be
punyshed, as I shal proue the by ensample. Take thy horse,
and go tedure him vpon thyne owne lees, flytte hym as ofte
as thou wylte, no manne wyll saye ‘wronge thou doste’; but
make thy horse to longe 16
Give not your horse too long a tether.

a tedure, than whan thou haste tyed hym vppon thyne owne
lees, his tedure is so longe, that it recheth to the middes of
an-other mans lees or corne: Nowe haste thou gyuen hym to
moche lybertye, and that man, whose 20 corne or grasse thy
horse hath eaten, wyll be greued at the, and wyll cause the
to be amerced in the court, or elles to make hym amendes, or
bothe. And if thy
If the horse break his tether,

horse breake his tedure, and go at large in euery mans 24

corne and grasse, than commeth the pynder, and taketh hym,
and putteth hym in the pynfolde, and there shall
[Fol. 65.]

he stande in prison, without any meate, vnto the tyme thou

hast payde his raunsome to the pynder, and also 28
he will be impounded.

make amendes to thy neyghbours, for distroyenge of theyr

corne. Ryght so, as long as thou eatest within thy tedure, that
thou nedest not to begge nor borowe of
Wherefore, ‘eat within thy tether.’

noo man, soo longe shalte thou encrease and growe in 32

rychesse, and euery man wyll be content with the. And if
thou make thy tedure to longe, that thyne owne porcyon wyll
not serue the, but that thou shalte begge, borowe, or bye of
other: that wyll not longe endure, 36 but thou shalte fall in-to
pouertye. And if thou breake
Do not break your tether.

thy tedure, and ren ryot at large, and knowe not other
mennes goodes frome thyne owne, than shall the pynder,
that is to saye, the sheryffe and the bayly, areste the, 40 and
putte the in the pynfolde, that is to say, in prison, there to
abyde tyll the truth be knowen: and it is meruayle, if thou
scape with thy lyfe, and therfore eate within thy tedure. 44

149. ¶ A shorte lesson for the husbande.

Do not waste candle-light.

One thinge I wyl aduise the to remembre, and specially in

wynter-tyme, whan thou sytteste by the fyre, and hast
supped, to consyder in thy mynde, whether the warkes,
[Fol. 65b.]

that thou, thy wyfe, & thy seruauntes shall do, be more 4
auauntage to the than the fyre, and candell-lyghte, meate
and drynke that they shall spende, and if it be more
Rather go to bed, and rise early.

auantage, than syt styll: and if it be not, than go to thy bedde

and slepe, and be vppe betyme, and breake thy 8 faste before
day, that thou mayste be all the shorte wynters day about thy
busynes. At grammer-scole I
Early rising makes a man healthy, holy, and rich.

lerned a verse, that is this, Sanat, sanctificat, et ditat surgere

mane. That is to say, Erly rysyng maketh a man 12 hole in
body, holer in soule, and rycher in goodes. And this me
semeth shuld be sufficient instruction for the husbande to
kepe measure.

150. ¶ How men of hye degree do kepe measure.

Men of high degree are too prodigal and wasteful.

To me it is doubtefull, but yet me semeth, they be rather to

lyberall in expences, than to scarce, and specyally in three
thynges. The fyrste is prodigalytie in outragious and costely
aray, fer aboue measure; the 4 seconde thynge is costely
charge of delycyous meates and drynkes; the thyrde is
outragious playe and game, ferre aboue measure. And nowe
to the fyrste poynte.
[Fol. 66.]

151. ¶ Prodigalite in outragious and costely aray.

I have seen noblemen’s inventories of apparel very moderate as compared with what
is worn now.

I haue seen bokes of accompte of the yomen of the

wardropes of noble men, and also inuentorys made after
theyr decease of their apparell, and I doubte not but at this
daye, it is .xx. tymes more in value, than it was to 4 suche a
man of degree as he was an .C. yere a-go: and many tymes it
is gyuen away, er it be halfe worne, to a symple man, the
whiche causeth hym to weare the same; and an other symple
man, or a lyttell better, seynge him 8
Other men try to dress like them.

to weare suche rayment, thynketh in his mynde, that he

maye were as good rayment as he, and so causeth hym to
bye suche other, to his great coste and charge, aboue
measure, and an yll ensample to all other: and also to see 12
Even servants dress too much.

mens seruantes so abused in theyr aray, theyr cotes be so

syde, that they be fayne to tucke them vp whan they ryde, as
women do theyr kyrtels whan they go to the market or other
places, the whiche is an vnconuenient syght. And 16
ferthermore, they haue suche pleytes vpon theyr brestes, and
ruffes vppon theyr sleues, aboue theyr elbowes, that yf theyr
mayster, or theym-selfe hadde neuer so greatte nede, they
coude not shoote one shote, to hurte 20
[Fol. 66b.]

theyr ennemyes, tyll they hadde caste of theyr cotes, or cut

of theyr sleues. This is fer aboue measure, or common weale
of the realme. This began fyrste with honour, worship, and
honesty, and it endeth in pryde, presumption, 24 and
pouertye. Wherof speketh saint Austin, Quemcunque
superbum esse videris, diaboli filium esse ne dubites: That is
The proud man is a child of the devil.

to say, who-so-euer thou seest that is proude, dout the not,

but he is the diuels chylde. Wherfore agaynst pryde he 28
byddeth the remembre: Quid fuisti, quid es, et qualis post
mortem eris: That is to say, what thou were, what thou art,
and what thou shalte be after thy death. And S. Bernarde
saythe, Homo nihil aliud est, quam sperma 32 fetidum, saccus
stercorum, et esca vermium: That is to saye,
Man is but worm’s meat.

A man is nothynge but stynkynge fylthe, a sacke of dounge,

and wormes meate. The whiche sayinges wolde be
remembred, and than me semeth this is sufficient at this 36
time for the first point of the thre.

152. ¶ Of delycyouse meates and drynkes.

Howe costely are the charges of delycious meates &

drynkes, that be nowe most commonly vsed, ouer that it hath
ben in tymes paste, and howe fer aboue measure?
[Fol. 68; no fol. 67.]

For I haue seen bokes of accompte of householde, 4 and

brumentes vpon the same, & I doubte not, but
Men now spend four times as much upon feasts as they used to.

in delycyous meates, drinkes, and spyces, there is at this

daye foure tymes so moche spent, as was at these dayes, to
a lyke man in degree; and yet at that tyme 8 there was as
moche befe and mutton spent as is nowe, and as many good
housholdes kept, and as many yomenne wayters therin as be
nowe. This began with loue and charytye whan a lorde,
gentylman, or yoman 12 desyred or prayed an other to come
to dyner or soupper, and bycause of his commynge he wolde
haue a dysshe or two mo than he wolde haue had, if he had
ben
This has come about gradually.

away. Than of very loue he, remembrynge howe louyngely 16

he was bydden to dynner, and howe well he fared, he
thynketh of very kyndnes he muste nedes byd hym to dyner
agayne, and soo ordeyneth for hym as manye maner of suche
dysshes and meates, as the other man dyd, and 20 two or .iii.
mo, & thus by lyttel and litell it is commen fer
Begun in kindness, it ends in pride.

aboue measure. And begon of loue and charyte, and endeth

in pryde and glotony, wherof saynte Ierome
Jerome.

saythe: Qui post carnem ambulant, in ventrem et libidinem,

24 proni sunt, quasi irrationabilia iumenta reputantur. That is
[Fol. 68b.]

to say, They that walke, and be redy to fulfill the lust of the
fleshe and the bely, are taken as vnreasonable beastes;
Gregory.

and sayncte Gregory sayth, Dominante vicio gulæ, omnes 28

virtutes per luxuriam et vanam gloriam obruuntur: That is to
saye, where the vice of glotony hath domination, all vertues
by luxury and vayne glory are cast vnder: the whiche
sayinges wold in lykewise be remembred; and 32 this me
semeth sufficient for the .ii. poynte of the thre.

153. ¶ Of outragious playe and game.

Have some recreation.

It is conueniente for euery man, of what degree that he be

of, to haue playe & game accordynge to his degree.
Dionysius Cato, Distich. iii. 7.

For Cato sayth, Interpone tuis interdum gaudia curis: Amonge

thy charges and busynes thou muste haue sometyme ioye 4
and myrthe; but nowe a-dayes it is doone ferre aboue
Poor men now play too high.
measure. For nowe a poore man in regarde wyll playe as
great game, at all maner games, as gentylman were wont to
do, or greater, and gentilmen as lordes, and 8 lordes as
prynces, & ofte tymes the great estates wyll call gentylmen or
yomen to play with them at as great game as they do, and
they call it a disport, the whiche
[Fol. 69.]

me semeth a very trewe name to it, for it displeaseth 12 some

of them er they departe, and specyall god, for myspendynge
of his goodes and tyme. But if they
If men played for less, it might then be called play.

played smalle games, that the poore man that playeth myght
beare it thoughe he loste, and bate not his 16 countenaunce,
than myght it be called a good game, a good playe, a good
sporte, and a pastyme. But whan one shall lose vpon a day,
or vpon a nyght, as moche money as wold fynde hym and all
his house meate and 20 drynke a moneth or a quarter of a
yere or more, that maye be well called a disporte, or a
displeasure, and ofte
But now men lose their lands and become thieves.

tymes, by the meanes therof, it causeth theym to sell theyr

landes, dysheryte the heyres, and may fortune to fall to 24
thefte, robbery, or suche other, to the great hurte of them-
selfe, & of theyr chyldren, and to the displeasure of god: and
they so doinge, lyttel do they pondre or regarde the saying of
saynt Paule; Iuxta facultates faciendi sunt 28 sumptus, ne
longi temporis victum breuis hora consumat:
Play, begun in love, ends in wrath.

This play begun with loue and charity, and oft times it endeth
with couetous wrath and enuy. And this me thynketh shoulde
be a sufficient instruction for kepynge 32 of measure.
 154. ¶ A prologue of the thyrde sayinge of the
philosopher.
[Fol. 69b.]

Nowe thou housbande and housewife, that haue done your

diligence and cure about your husbandrye and huswyfry,
accordynge to the fyrste sayenge of the philosopher,
Pay attention;

Adhibe curam: And also haue well remembred and 4 fulfylled

the seconde sayinge of the sayde philosopher,
Be frugal; and thou shalt be rich.

Tene mensuram: I doubte not but ye be ryche accordyng to

the thyrde sayinge of the sayde philosopher, Et eris diues.
Nowe I haue shewed you the sayinge of the 8 philosopher,
wherby you haue goten moche worldely possession, me
semeth it were necessary, to shewe you howe ye maye gette
heuenly possessions, accordynge to
Matt. xvi. 26.

the sayenge of our lorde in his gospel, Quid prodest 12

homini, si vniuersum mundum lucretur, animæ vero suæ
detrimentum paciatur: What profyteth it to a man, thoughe
he wyn all the worlde, to the hyndraunce and losyng of his
soule? Howe be it, it shoulde seme vnconuenient 16 for a
temporall man to take vpon hym to shewe or teache any
suche spirytuall matters; and yet there is a great diuersytie
betwene predication and doctrine.

155. ¶ A diuersitie betwene predication and

doctrine.
[Fol. 70.]

As sayncte Iherome saythe, there is greate difference or

Difference between preaching and doctrine.

diuersitie betwene preachinge and doctrine. A preachyng or a

sermon is, where [is] a conuocation or a gatherynge of
people on holye dayes, or other dayes in churches or 4 other
places, and times sette and ordeyned for the same. And it
belongeth to theym that be ordeyned
Every man may teach.

there-vnto, and haue iurisdiction and auctorytie, and to none

other. But euery man may lawefully enforme and 8 teache his
brother, or any other, at euery tyme and place behouable, if it
seme expedient to hym, for that is an almes-dede, to the
whiche euery man is holden & bounde to do, accordyng to
the sayenge of saynt 12
1 Pet. iv. 10.

Peter, Vnusquisque, sicut accepit gratiam, in alterutrum illam

administrare debet. That is to saye, as euery man hath taken
or receyued grace, he oughte to mynyster
Chrysostom.

and shewe it forthe to other. For as Chrisostome saythe, 16

great merite is to hym, and a great reward he shall haue in
tyme to come, the which writeth or causeth to be writen, holy
doctrine, for that entent, that he may se in it, howe he may
lyue holylye, and that other may haue 20 it, that they maye
be edyfyed or sanctyfyed by the same; for he saythe surely,
knowe thou, that howe many soules
[Fol. 70b.]

be saued by the, soo many rewardes thou shalte haue for

Gregory.

eyther. For saynt Gregory saythe, Nullum sacrificium ita 24

placet deo, sicut zelus animarum: There is no sacrifyce that
pleaseth god so moche, as the loue of soules. And
Gregory.

also he saythe, Ille apud deum maior est in amore, qui ad

eius amorem plurimos trahit: He is greateste in fauour 28 with
god, that draweth moste men to the loue of god. Wherfore
me semeth, it is conuenient to enforme and shewe them,
how they maye gette heuenly possessions, as well as I haue
shewed them to get worldly possessions. 32 Than to my
purpose, and to the poynt where I lefte, ‘nowe thou art
ryche.’

156. ¶ What is rychesse.

What is riches.

It is to be vnderstande what is rychesse; and as me

semeth, rychesse is that thynge, that is of goodnes, and can-
not be taken awaye from the owner, neyther in his temporall
lyfe, nor in the lyfe euerlastynge. Than these 4 worldly
possessions, that I haue spoken of, is no richesse, for why
they be but floures of the worlde. And that may be wel
consydered by Iob, the whiche was the rychest man of
worldely possessions, that was lyuynge in those 8
[Fol. 71.]

daies, and sodeynely he was the poorest man agayne that

coulde be lyuynge, and all the whyle he toke pacyence, and
Job i. 21.

was content, as appereth by his sayenge, Dominus dedit,

dominus abstulit: sicut domino placuit, ita factum est, sit 12
nomen domini benedictum: Our lorde hath gyuen it, our lorde
hath taken it awaye, and as it pleaseth our lorde, so be it,
blessed be the name of our lorde. The whiche Iob may be an
ensample to euery true chrysten man, of 16 his pacyence and
good liuing in tribulation, as appereth in his storye, who that
lyste to rede therin. And saynte
Augustine.

Austyne saythe: Qui terrenis inhiat, et æterna non cogitat,

utrisque in futuro carebit: he that gathereth in worldly 20
thynges, and thynketh not vppon euerlastynge thynges, shall
wante bothe in tyme to come. For sayncte
Ambrose.

Ambrose saythe, Non sunt bona hominis, quæ secum ferre

non potest: They are not the goodes of man, the whiche 24
Bernard.

he can-not beare with him. And saynte Bernarde saythe: Si

vestra sint, tollite vobiscum: Yf they be yours, take them with
you. Than it is to be vnderstande, what goodes a man shall
take with hym. And these be the good dedes 28 and warkes
that thou doste here in this temporall lyfe,
Chrysostom.

wherof speketh Crysostome: Fac bene, et operare iustitiam,

vt spem habeas apud deum, et non desperabis in terra: Doo
[Fol. 71b.]

well, and worke ryghtwysly, that thou mayste haue truste 32

in god, and that thou be not in despayre in this worlde.
Ps. xxxvii. 25.
(Ps. xxxvi. 25, Vulgate.)

Accordynge to that saythe the prophete Dauyd, Iunior fui,

etenim senui, et non vidi iustum derelictum, nec semen eius
querens panem: I haue ben yonge, and I haue waxen 36
olde, and I haue not seen a ryghtwyse man forsaken, nor his
chyldren sekynge theyr breade.

157. ¶ What is the propertie of a riche man.

 In myne opynyon the propertye of a ryche manne is, to be
a purchaser; and if he wyll purchase, I councell hym
Augustine.

to purchase heuen. For sayncte Austyne saythe, Regnum

cælorum nulli clauditur, nisi illi, qui se excluserit: The 4
kyngedome of heuen is to noo man closed, but to hym that
wyll putte oute hym-selfe. Wherfore this texte maye gyue the
a courage to prefixe thy mynde, to make there thy purchase.
And Salomon saythe: Quod mali 8 carius emunt infernum,
quam boni cælum: Ill men bye hell derer, thanne the good
men bie heuen. And that me
[Fol. 72.]

semeth maye well be proued by a common ensample: As if I

had a .M. shepe to sell, and dyuers men come to me, 12
Suppose I sell 1000 sheep, 100 to each of 10 men.

and bye euery manne a .C. of the shepe, all of one price, to
paye me at dyuers dayes. I am agreed, and graunt them
these dayes; some of the menne be good, and kepe theyr
promesse, and paye me at theyr dayes, and some of 16
theym doo not paye me. Wherfore I sue theym at the
Those who do not pay I imprison for debt.

lawe, and by course of the common lawe, I doo recouer my

duetie of them, and haue theyr bodyes in prisone for
execution, tylle they haue made me payment. Nowe these 20
men, that haue broken me promesse, and payed not theyr
These men buy their sheep dearer than the others.

dewetye, bye theyr shepe derer thanne the good menne

bought theyrs. For they haue imprysonment of theyr bodyes,
and yet must they pay theyr duetyes neuer the 24 lesse, or
elles lye and dye there in pryson: the whiche sheepe be derer
to them, then to the good men that
So it is with men who buy heaven.

kepte theyr promes. Righte so euery man chepeth heuen, and

god hath sette on it a pryce, and graunted 28 it to euery man,
and giuen to them dayes of payment: the pryce is all one,
and that is to kepe his commaundementes, duryng theyr
lyues: the good men kepe his commaundementes, and fulfyll
theyr promesse, and haue 32 heuen at theyr decease. The yll
men breake promesse,
[Fol. 72b.]

& kepe not his commaundementes, wherfore at theyr

decease they be put in pryson, that is to say in hell, there to
abyde his ryghtuousenes. And soo the yll men 36
Ill men buy hell dearer than good men buy heaven.

bye hell derer, than the good menne bye heuen. And therfore
it is better, to forgoo a lyttel pleasure, or suffer[33] a lyttell
payne in this worlde, than to suffer a moche greatter and a
lenger payne in an other worlde. Nowe 40
Wherefore buy heaven.

sythe helle is derer than heuen, I aduyse the specyally to bye

heuen, wherin is euerlastynge ioye without ende.

158. ¶ What ioyes or pleasures are in heuen.

Augustine.

Saynt Austyn saythe, Ibi erunt quæcunque ab hominibus

desiderantur, vita et salus, copia glorie, honor, pax, et omnia
bona: That is to saye, There shall be euery thynge that any
man desyreth, there is lyfe, helth, plenty of ioye, 4 honour,
peace, and all maner of goodnes. What wolde a
1 Cor. ii. 9.
Isa. lxiv. 4.
man haue more? And saynt Paule sayth, Occulus non vidit,
nec auris audiuit, nec in cor hominis ascendit, quæ preparuit
deus diligentibus se: That is to say, The eye hath not seen,
nor 8 the eares hath herde, nor the herte of a man hath
thought
[Fol. 73.]

of so goodly thynges, that god hath ordeyned for theym that

loue hym. O what a noble acte that were for an husbande or
houswyfe, to purchase suche a royall place in 12 heuen, to
whiche is no comparyson. Than it is to be knowen, what
thynge pleaseth god most, that we myght do it.

159. ¶ What thynges pleaseth god most.

1 Cor. ii. 9.

By the texte of sayncte Paule, before sayd, loue pleaseth

god aboue al thinge, and that maye be well proued by the
Prov. xxxiii. 26.

sayinge of our lorde hym-selfe, where he saythe: Da mihi cor

tuum, et sufficit mihi; Gyue me thy harte, and that is 4
sufficiente for me; for he that hath a mannes harte, hath all
his other goodes. What is this mans harte? it is nothyng elles,
but very trewe loue. For there can be no true loue, but it
commeth meryly and immediately from 8 the harte: and if
thou loue god entyerlye with thy harte, than wylte thou do his
commaundementes. Than it wolde be vnderstande and
knowen whiche be his commandementes, that a man may
obserue and kepe them. 12

160. ¶ What be goddes commaundementes.