P.K.

PHYSICS CLASSES
Kinematics - 2-D (Projectile Motion)

Projectile :- A body which is in flight through the

atmosphere under the effect of gravity and is not
being propelled by any fuel is called projectile and
its motion is called projectile motion.
Ex.
1. A bomb released from an aeroplane in level
flight
2. A bullet fired from a gun.
3. An arrow released from bow.
4. A javelin thrown by an athlete

Assumptions of Projectile Motion :-

1. There is no resistance due to air.
2. The effect due to curvature of earth is Projectile Motion :-
negligible. Prove that projectile motion is parabolic.
3. The effect due to rotation of earth is negligible. Or
4. For all points of the trajectory, the acceleration Equation of projectile motion
due to gravity ‘g’ is constant in magnitude and Or
direction. Equation of trajectory

Principle of Physics Independence of Motions

:-
1. The motion of a projectile is a two dimensional
motion. So, it can be discussed in two parts.
Horizontal motion and vertical motion. These
two motions take place independent of each
other. This is called the principle of physical
independence of motions.
2. The velocity of the particle can be resolved into
two mutually perpendicular components.
Horizontal components and vertical u x = uCosθ ax = 0
components. u y = uSinθ a y = −g
3. The horizontal component remains
unchanged throughout the flight. The force
of gravity continuously affects the vertical Motion in x – direction :-
component. 1
x = u xt + axt 2
4. The horizontal motion is a uniform motion and 2
the vertical motion is a uniformly accelerated x = uCosθt + 0
or retarded motion.
x
t=
Types of Projectile Motion :- uCosθ
1. Oblique projectile motion
2. Horizontal projectile motion Motion in y – direction :-
3. Projectile motion on an inclined plane. 1  x 
4. Projectile motion at some height. y = u yt + a yt 2 Q t = uCosθ 
2
2
x  1  x 
y = (uSinθ ) +  − g  
uCosθ  2  uCosθ 

Branches : (1)SI-12, Shastri Nagar Contact : 9313964472

(2) D-37/38, Govindpuram Email : [email protected] 1
 P.K. PHYSICS CLASSES
1 x2 Maximum Range :-
y = xTanθ − g 2
2 u Cos 2θ Q Sin 2θ = 1 
 0

 Sin 2θ = Sin90 
2
u Sin2θ
Hence path of projectile motion is parabolic. R=  
g 2θ = 90 0
 
Time of Flight :-  θ = 45 0 
 
 At po int A u2
Rmax =
y = u yt +
1
a yt 2  y=0  g
2  
 t =T 
Relation Between Max Height and Range :-
1 u 2 Sin 2θ
0 = uSinθT − gT 2 H= (1)
2 2g
1
gT 2 = uSinθT u 2 Sin 2θ u 2 2Sinθ .Cosθ
2 R= = (2)
g g
2uSinθ Dividing eq. (1) by (2)
T=
g u 2 Sin 2θ
H 2g
= 2
R u 2 Sinθ .Cosθ
g
H 1 Sinθ
=
R 4 Cosθ

4H
Tanθ =
R

Range Will Be Same For Complementary

Angle :-
Maximum Height :- θ1 = θ
v y2 = u y2 + 2aH (At topmost point v y = 0 ) θ 2 = [90 − θ ]
0 = (uSinθ ) 2 − 2 gH max u 2 Sin 2θ
R1 =
2 gH max = u 2 Sin 2θ g
u 2 Sin 2[90 − θ ]
2
u Sin θ 2 R2 =
g
(Q Sin(180 0
− x) = Sinx )
H max =
2g 2
u Sin[180 − 2θ ]
R2 =
Range :- g
1  a =0  u 2 Sin 2θ
x = uxt + axt 2 Q x  R2 = R2 = R1
2  u x = uCosθ  g
2uSinθ
R = (uCosθ ) +0
g
u 2 (2 Sinθ .Cosθ )
= (Q Sin2θ = 2Sinθ .Cosθ )
g
u 2 Sin2θ
R=
g

Branches : (1)SI-12, Shastri Nagar Contact : 9313964472

(2) D-37/38, Govindpuram Email : [email protected] 2
 P.K. PHYSICS CLASSES
Relation Between Range and Equation of Vector Form of Projectile Motion :-
Trajectory :-
1 x2
y = xTanθ − g 2
2 u Cos 2θ
 1 x 
⇒ xTanθ 1 − g 2 2 
 2 u Tanθ .Cos θ 
 
 g 
⇒ xTanθ 1 − x
 u 2 2 Sinθ .Cos 2θ  →
 Cosθ  u = u x iˆ + u y ˆj

  g  
⇒ xTanθ 1 −  2  x →
  u Sin 2θ   u = uCosθiˆ + uSinθˆj

 u 2 Sin 2θ  vx = u x + axt
 x Q R = 
= Tanθ 1 −  = uCosθ + 0 (∴ a x = 0)
 R  g 
v x = uCosθ
 x
y = xTanθ 1 − 
 R
vy = u y + ayt (∴ a y = −g )

Q. Find the height of wall? v y = uSinθ − gt

→
v = v x iˆ + v y ˆj
→
v = uCosiˆ + (uSinθ − gt ) ˆj

→
v = (uCosθ )2 + (uSinθ − gt )2
Sol.
Direction
θ = 45 0
vy
R = 15 + 5 = 20 Tanα =
⇒ 20m vx
 x uSinθ − gt
y = xTanθ 1 −  Tanα =
 R uCosθ
 15   1
h = 15Tan 45 0 1 −  = 15 × 11 −  Q. Find H max ?
 20   3
 3
15 × 11 −  = 3.75
 4

h = 3.75m

Branches : (1)SI-12, Shastri Nagar Contact : 9313964472

(2) D-37/38, Govindpuram Email : [email protected] 3
 P.K. PHYSICS CLASSES
Sol. Velocity at Which Ball Strikes The Ground
u y = uSinθ a y = −g vx = u x + axt
u x = uCosθ ax = 0 vx = u
→ vy = u y + ayt
v = 7iˆ + 6 ˆj
vx = 7
v y = gt
→
vy = 6 v = v x iˆ + v y ˆj
v y2 = u y2 + 2a y h →
v = (u )2 + ( gt ) 2
6 = (uSinθ ) + 2(− g )9
2 2

36 = u 2 Sin 2θ + (−180) Direction

vy
u 2 Sin 2θ = 36 + 180 Tanα =
18(2 + 10) 108 vx
H max = =
2 × 10 10
= 10.8m  gt 
α = Tan −1  
u
H max = 10.8m
Projectile Motion at Some Height :-
Horizontal Projectile Motion :-

Motion in x - Direction :-
1 2
1 H = −uSinθt + gt
x = u xt + axt 2 2
2
x = ut + 0
AB = uCosθ × t
x
t=
u Q. Find the distance from the foot of tower where
it strikes the ground and the time taken by it to
Motion in y - Direction :- do so?
1
y = u yt + a yt 2
2
1
⇒ 0 + a yt 2
2

1 x2
y= g
2 u2

Branches : (1)SI-12, Shastri Nagar Contact : 9313964472

(2) D-37/38, Govindpuram Email : [email protected] 4
 P.K. PHYSICS CLASSES
Sol. Note
1 # For Maximum Height
H = −uSin30 t + gt 2
0
→
2 R
r = iˆ + Hˆj
1 1 2
156.8 = −39.2 × × t + × 9.8 × t 2
2 2 H
Tanφ =
1 1 2 R/2
16 = −4 × t + t
2 2 H  H Tanθ 
2 = 2  Q = 
32 = −4t + t R  R 4 
t 2 − 4t − 32 = 0
t (t − 8) + 4(t − 8) = 0 1
Tanφ = Tanθ
2
t = −4 t =8

AB = 4Cos 30 × t
3
= 39.2 × ×8
2
216.8 3m
# Instantaneous Velocity
AB = 216.8 3m

Concepts For JEE/NEET

→
# Displacement of Projectile  r 
 

v x = u x + a x t = uCosθ
v y = u y + a y t = (uSinθ − gt )
→
v = v x iˆ + v y ˆj

1 v = uCosθiˆ + (uSinθ − gt ) ˆj
x = u x t + a x t 2 ⇒ x = uCosθt
2  vy 
 = Tan −1 
uSinθ − gt 
1 1 α = Tan −1  
y = u y t + a y t 2 ⇒ y = uSinθt − gt 2  vx   uCosθ 
2 2
→
Note
r = xiˆ + yˆj # Change in Velocity
→
 1 
1. For Highest Point
r = (uCosθ )tiˆ + (uCosθ )t − gt 2  ˆj (
u i = uCosθiˆ + uSinθˆj )
 2 
 1 2  ( )
u f = uSinθiˆ + 0 ˆj (at highest point)
 4 Sinθt − gt 
−1  y  2 → →
φ = Tan   = Tan  −1
 ∆U = u f − u i = −uSinθˆj
x  utCosθ 
  2. When body reaches the ground after completing
 
its motion then final velocity
 2uSin θ − gt 
φ = Tan −1 
 2uCosθ 
 (
u f = uCosθiˆ − uSinθˆj )
∆u = −2uSinθˆj

Branches : (1)SI-12, Shastri Nagar Contact : 9313964472

(2) D-37/38, Govindpuram Email : [email protected] 5
 P.K. PHYSICS CLASSES
Note Note
# Change in Momentum In this case we apply same concept
1. ∆P = −muSinθˆj (for highest point)
2. ∆P = −2muSinθˆj (for after completing its
motion)

# Angular Momentum
L = pr = mvr
gt1t 2
y=
2
For Maximum Height
 u 2 Sin 2θ 
H =  
 2g 
u2
1. H max = (
Sin 2θ = max = 1 θ = 90 )
u 2 Sin 2θ mu 3 CosθSin 2θ 2g
L = muCosθ =
2g 2g 2. For Complementary Angle ( θ & 90- θ )
H1 u 2 Sin 2θ / 2 g Sin 2θ
= 2 2 = = Tan 2θ
# For Complimentary Angle ( θ & 90- θ ) H 2 u Sin (90 − θ ) / 2 g Cos θ 2

Time of Flight
T 2uSinθ / g Sinθ H1
1. 1 = = = Tanθ = Tan 2θ
T2 2uSin(90 − θ ) g Cosθ H2
2uSinθ 2uCosθ 2  u 2 2 Sinθ .Cosθ  # Energy & Projectile
2. T1 .T2 = . =  
g g g g 
2R
=
g
3. If t1 is time taken from O to P & t2 from P to A

Q T = t1 + t2 1 1
2uSinθ Ki = mu x2 + mu 2y
= t1 + t 2 2 2
g 1 1
( )
= mu 2 Cos 2θ + Sin 2θ = mu 2
2 2
g (t1 + t 2 ) =K
uSinθ = …… (1)
2 # For Highest Point of Trajectory
1 1. Kinetic Energy
Y = u yt + a yt 2 1 1
2 K 1 = m(uCosθ ) = mu 2 Cos 2θ
2

1 2 2
h = uSinθt1 − gt12 ……(2) 2
2 = KCos θ
From (1) & (2) 2. Potential Energy
t +t  1 1 mgu 2 Sin 2θ  u 2 Sin 2θ 
h = g  1 2 t1 − gt12 = gt1 [t1 + t 2 − t1 ] = mgh = ∴ H = 
 2  2 2 2g  2 g 
1
1 = mu 2 Sin 2θ
h= gt1t 2 2
2
= KSin 2θ

Branches : (1)SI-12, Shastri Nagar Contact : 9313964472

(2) D-37/38, Govindpuram Email : [email protected] 6
 P.K. PHYSICS CLASSES
3. Total Energy a12 = a1 − a 2 = g − g = 0
M .E. = P.E. + K .E. i.e., the relative motion between the two particles
1
(
= mu 2 Sin 2θ + Cos 2θ
2
) is uniform.
Now,
1 u1x = u1Cosα 1 u 2 x = u 2 Cosα 2
= mu 2
2 u1 y = u1 Sinα 1 & u 2 y = u 2 Sinα 2
= Energy at the point of projection Therefore,
This is in accordance with the law of conservation
u12 x = u1x − u 2 x = u1Cosα 1 − u 2 Cosα 2
of energy.
and u12 y = u1 y − u 2 y = u1 Sinα 1 − u 2 Sinα 2
Motion of a Projectile as Observed From u12 x and u12 y are the x and y components of
Another Projectile
relative velocity of 1 with respect to 2.
Hence, relative motion of 1 with respect to 2 is a
 u12 y 
straight line at an angle θ = Tan −1   with
 u12 x 
positive x-axis.

1 2
x1 = (u1Cosθ 1 )t y1 = (u1 Sinθ1 )t1 − gt
2
1
x 2 = (u 2 Cosθ 2 )t y 2 = (u 2 Sinθ 2 )t − gt 2
2
The position of the ball A with respect to ball B is
given by
x = ( x1 − x 2 ) = (u1Cosθ1 − u 2 Cosθ 2 )t Now, if u12 x = 0 or u1Cosα 1 = u 2 Cosα 2 , the
Y = ( y1 − y 2 ) = (u1 Sinθ1 − u 2 Sinθ 2 )t relative motion is along y-axis or in vertical
direction (as θ = 90 0 ). Similarly, if u12 y = 0 or
y  u1 Sinθ 1 − u 2 Sinθ 2 
=  = Constant
x  u1Cosθ 1 − u 2 Sinθ 2 
u1 Sinα 1 = u 2 Sinα 2 , the relative motion is along x-
axis or in horizontal direction (as θ = 0 0 ).
y = Constant x ⇒ y∝x
Note
Relative Motion Between Two Projectiles Relative acceleration between two projectiles is
Let us now discuss the relative motion between zero. Relative motion between them is uniform.
two projectiles or the path observed by one Therefore, condition of collision of two particles
projectile of the other. Suppose that two particles in air is that relative velocity of one with respect
are projected from the ground with speed u1 and to the other should be along line joining them, i.e.
u2 at angles α 1 and α 2 as shown in below figures if two projectiles A and B collide in mid air,
→ →
(a) and (b). Acceleration of both the particles is g then v AB should be along AB or v BA along BA.
downwards. So, relative acceleration between
them is zero because Concepts For JEE Advance
# Projectile Motion in Inclined Plane
Here, two cases arise. One is up the plane and the
other is down the plane. Let us discuss both the
cases separately.
1. Up the Plane:- In this case direction x is
chosen up the plane and direction y is
(a) (b) chosen perpendicular to the plane. Hence

Branches : (1)SI-12, Shastri Nagar Contact : 9313964472

(2) D-37/38, Govindpuram Email : [email protected] 7
 P.K. PHYSICS CLASSES
Range can also be written as,
u2
R= [Sin(2α − β ) − Sinβ ]
gCos 2 β
This range will be maximum when
u x = uCos (α − β ) , a x = − gSinβ π π β
2α − β = or α= +
2 4 2
u y = uSin(α − β ) & a y = − gCosβ 2
u
Now, let us derive the expressions for time of and Rmax = [1 − Sinβ ]
flight (T) and range (R) along the plane. gCos 2 β
Here, also we can see that for β = 0, range is
Time of Flight :- At point B displacement π
maximum at α = or α = 45 0
along y-direction is zero. So, substituting the 4
1 u 2
u2
proper values in s y = u y t + a y t 2 , we get and Rmax = (1 − Sin 0 0
) =
2 gCos 2 0 0 g
1
0 = utSin (α − β ) + (− gCosβ )t 2 2. Down The Plane :- Here, x and y directions are
2 down the plane and perpendicular to plane
2uSin(α − β ) respectively as shown in below figure.
∴ t = 0 and t =
gCosβ − gSinβ
Note u x = uCos (α + β ) , a x = gSinβ
Substituting β = 0 , in the above expression, we
u y = uSin(α + β ) , a y = − gCosβ
2uSinα
get T =
g

Which is quiet obvious because β = 0 is the

situation shown in below figure.
Proceeding in the similar manner, we get the
Range (OB) : following results
Horizontal component of initial velocity is- 2uSin(α + β )
T= ,
∴ u H = uCosα gCosβ
OC = u H T u2
(uCosα )2uSin(α − β ) R= [Sin(2α + β ) + Sinβ ]
= gCos 2 β
gCosβ
2u 2 Sin(α − β )Cosα
=
gCosβ
OC
R = OB =
Cosβ
2u 2 Sin(α − β )Cosα
R=
gCos 2 β
Using,
C − D C + D
SinC − SinD = 2 Sin Cos 
 2   2 

Branches : (1)SI-12, Shastri Nagar Contact : 9313964472

(2) D-37/38, Govindpuram Email : [email protected] 8
 P.K. PHYSICS CLASSES
Numerical
SUBJECTIVE plane. Is the statement true if the plane flies
Q1. Below figure shows a 11.7 ft wide ditch with
with uniform speed but not horizontally?
the approach roads at an angle of 150 with the
[Ans. 2m]
horizontal. With what minimum speed should
a motorbike be moving on the road so that it
Q6. A boy standing on a long railroad car throws a
safely crosses the ditch?
ball straight upwards. The car is moving on
the horizontal road with an acceleration of 1
m/s and the projection velocity in the vertical
direction is 9.8 m/s. How far behind the boy
will the ball fall on the car?
Assume that the length of the bike is 5 ft, and [Ans. 2m] [H. C. Verma]
it leaves the road when the front part runs out
of the approach road. Q6. A staircase contains three steps each 10 cm
[Ans. 32 ft/s] [H. C. Verma] high and 20 cm wide as shown below. What
should be the minimum velocity of a ball
Q2. A person standing on the top of a cliff 171 ft rolling off the uppermost plane so as to hit
high has to throw a packet to his friend directly the lowest plane?
standing on the ground 228 ft horizontally
away. If he throws the packet directly aiming
at the friend with a speed of 15.0 ft/s, how
short will the packet fall?
[Ans. 2 m/s] [H. C. Verma]
[Ans. 192 ft] [H. C. Verma]
Q7. A person is standing on a truck moving with a
Q3. A ball is projected from a point on the floor
constant velocity of 14.7 m/s on a horizontal
with a speed of 15 m/s at an angle of 600 with
road. The man throws a ball in such a way that
the horizontal. Will it hit a vertical wall 5m
it returns to the truck after the truck has moved
away from the point of projection and
58.8m. Find the speed and the angle of
perpendicular to the plane of projection
projection (a) as seen from the truck (b) as
without hitting the floor? Will the answer
seen from the road.
differ if the wall is 22m away?
[Ans. (a) 19.6 m/s upward,
[Ans. Yes, Yes] [H. C. Verma]
(b) 24.5 m/s at 530 with horizontal]
[H. C. Verma]
Q4. Find the average velocity of a projectile
between the instants it crosses half the
Q8. The benches of a gallery in a cricket stadium
maximum height. It is projected with a speed u
are 1m wide and 1m high. A batsman strikes
at an angle θ with the horizontal.
the ball at a level one metre above the ground
[Ans. uCosθ , horizontal in the plane of
and hits a mammoth sixer. The ball starts at 35
projection] [H. C. Verma]
m/s at an angle of 530 with the horizontal. The
benches are perpendicular to the plane of
Q5. A bomb is dropped from a plane flying
motion and the first bench is 110m from the
horizontally with uniform speed. Show that
batsman. On which bench will the ball hit?
the bomb will explode vertically below the
[Ans. Sixth] [H. C. Verma]

Branches : (1)SI-12, Shastri Nagar Contact : 9313964472

(2) D-37/38, Govindpuram Email : [email protected] 9
 P.K. PHYSICS CLASSES
Q9. A particle A is projected with an initial
velocity of 60 m/s at an angle 300 to the
horizontal. At the same time a second particle
B is projected in opposite direction with initial

speed of 50 m/s from a point at a distance of 100m

from A. If the particles collide in air, find (a) [Ans. 20m] [IIT]
the angle of projection α of particle B (b) time
when the collision takes place and (c) the Q13. Two particles A and B are projected from
distance of P from A, where collision occurs ground towards each other with speeds 10 m/s
(g = 10 m/s2) and 5 2 m/s at angles 300 and 450 with
horizontal from two points separately by a
distance of 15m. Will they collide or not?

3
[Ans. (a) α = Sin −1   , (b) 1.09s, (c) 62.64m]
5
[H. C. Verma, IIT]

Q10. A particle is projected along an inclined [Ans. No]

plane as shown below. What is the speed of
the particle when it collides at point A? (g = Q14. Two particles A and B are projected
10 m/s2) simultaneously in the directions shown in
below figure with velocities vA = 20 m/s and
vS = 10 m/s respectively. They collide in air
1
after s. Find (a) the angle θ (b) the distance
2
x.
10
[Ans. m / s ] [IIT]
3

Q11. In the above problem what is the component

of its velocity perpendicular to the plane when [Ans. (a) 300 (b) 5 3m ] [IIT]
it strikes at A.
[Ans. 5 m/s] Q15. A train is moving along a straight line with
a constant acceleration a. A boy standing in
Q12. Two particles A and B are projected the train throws a ball forward with a speed of
simultaneously from the two towers of height 10 m/s, at an angle of 600 to the horizontal.
10m and 20m respectively. Particle A is The boy has to move forward by 1.15m inside
projected with an initial speed of 10 2 m/s at the train to catch the ball back at the initial
an angle of 450 with horizontal, while particle height. The acceleration of the train in m/s2 is?
B is projected horizontally with speed 10 m/s. [Ans. 5 ms-2] [IIT]
If they collide in air, what is the distance d
between the towers?

Branches : (1)SI-12, Shastri Nagar Contact : 9313964472

(2) D-37/38, Govindpuram Email : [email protected] 10
 P.K. PHYSICS CLASSES
Q16. An object A is kept fixed at the point x = u 2 Sin 2α
3m and y = 1.25m on a plank P raised above [Ans. (a)
gCosθ
the ground. At time t = 0, the plank starts uCos (α + θ )
moving along the +x direction with an (b) (down the plane)] [IIT]
Cosθ
acceleration 1.5 m/s2. At the same instant, a
stone is projected from the origin with a
Q18. A cart is moving along x-axis with a
velocity u as shown below. A stationary
velocity of 4 m/s. A person on the cart throws
person on the ground observes the stone
a stone with a velocity of 6 m/s relative to
hitting the object during its downward motion
himself. In the frame of reference of the cart,
at an angle of 450 to the horizontal. All the
the stone is thrown in y-z plane making an
motions are in x-y plane. Find u and the time
angle of 300 with vertical z-axis. At the
after which the stone hits the object. (Take g =
highest point of its trajectory, the stone hits an
10 m/s2)
object of equal mass hung vertically from
branch of a tree by means of a string of length
L.
A completely inelastic collision occurs, in
which the stone gets embedded in the object.
Determine (g = 9.8 m/s2)
(a) The speed of the combined mass
( )
[Ans. u = 3.75iˆ + 6.25 ˆj m/s, 1s] [IIT] immediately after the collision with
respect to an observer on the ground.
Q17. A large heavy box is sliding without (b) The length L of the string such that tension
friction down a smooth plane of inclination θ . in the string becomes zero when the string
From a point P on the bottom of the box, a becomes horizontal during the subsequent
particle is projected inside the box. The initial motion of the combined mass.
speed of the particle with respect to the box is [Ans. (a) 2.5 m/s, (b) 0.32m] [IIT]
u and the direction of projection makes an
angle α with the bottom as shown below. Q19. Two guns situated on the top of a hill of
height 10m fire one shot each with the same
speed 5 3 m/s at some interval of time. One
gun fires horizontally and other fires upwards
at an angle of 600 with the horizontal. The
shots collide in air at point P (g = 10 m/s2).
(a) Find the distance along the bottom of the Find
box between the point of projection P and (a) The time interval between the firings and
the point Q where the particle lands (b) The coordinates of the point P. Take origin
(Assume that the particle does not hit any of the coordinate system at the foot of the
other surface of the box. Neglect air hill right below the muzzle and trajectories
resistance.) in x-y plane.
(b) If the horizontal displacement of the [Ans. (a) 1s, (b) ( 5 3 ,5m)] [IIT]
particle as seen by an observer on the
ground is zero, find the speed of the box
with respect to the ground at the instant
when the particle was projected.

Branches : (1)SI-12, Shastri Nagar Contact : 9313964472

(2) D-37/38, Govindpuram Email : [email protected] 11
 P.K. PHYSICS CLASSES
Q20. Two towers AB and CD are situated a shown below. Each particle has an initial
distance d apart as shown below. AB is 20m speed of 49 m/s. The separation AB is 245m.
high and CD is 30m high from the ground. An
object of mass m is thrown from the top of AB
horizontally with a velocity of 10 m/s towards
CD.
Simultaneously, another object of mass 2m is
thrown from the top of CD at an angle of 600
Both particles travel in the same vertical plane
to the horizontal towards AB with the same
magnitude of initial velocity as that of the first and undergo a collision. After the collision, P
retraces its path.
object. The two objects move in the same
(a) Determine the position Q where it hits the
vertical plane, collide in mid-air and stick to
ground.
each other.
(b) How much time after the collision does the
particle Q take to reach the ground? (Take
g = 9.8 m/s2)
[Ans. (a) Just midway between A and B,
(b) 3.53s] [IIT]

Q23. Two tall buildings face each other and are at

a distance of 180m from each other. With
what velocity must a ball thrown horizontally
(a) Calculate the distance d between the from a window 55m above the ground in one
towers. building, so that it enters a window 10.9m
above the ground in the second building?
(b) Find the position where the objects hit the
[Ans. 60 ms-1]
ground.
[Ans. (a) Approx. 17.32m, (b) 11.55m from B] Q24. A particle is projected horizontally with a
[IIT] speed u from the top of plane inclined at an
angle θ with the horizontal. How far from the
Q21. A body falling freely from a given height H point of projection will the particle strike the
hits an inclined plane in its path at a height h. plane?
As a result of this impact the direction of the 2u 2
[Ans. D = TanθSecθ ]
velocity of the body becomes horizontal. For g
[H. C. Verma]
h
what value of   , the body will take
H Q25. A helicopter on a flood relief mission flying
maximum time to reach the ground? horizontally with a speed u at an altitude h,
1 has to drop a food packet for a victim standing
[Ans. ] [IIT] on the ground. At what distance from the
2
victim should the food packet be dropped?
Q22. Particles P and Q of mass 20g and 40g 2u 2 h
[Ans. D = h 2 + ]
respectively are simultaneously projected from g
points A and B on the ground. The initial [H. C. Verma]
velocities of P and Q make 450 and 1350
angles respectively with the horizontal AB as

Branches : (1)SI-12, Shastri Nagar Contact : 9313964472

(2) D-37/38, Govindpuram Email : [email protected] 12
 P.K. PHYSICS CLASSES
1
Q26. If R is the horizontal range θ inclination (a) θ = Tan −1   (b) θ = Tan −1 (4 )
4
and h is the maximum height reached by the
projectile, show that the maximum range is (c) θ = Tan −1 (2 ) (d) θ = 45 0
R2 [Ans. (b)] [CBSE PMT 12]
given by + 2h .
8h
[H. C. Verma] Q32. A boy can throw a stone up to a maximum
height of 10m. The maximum horizontal
Q27. A hunter aims his gun and fires a bullet distance that the boy can throw the same stone
directly at a monkey on a tree. At the instant up to will be
the bullet leaves the barrel of the gun, the
monkey drops. Will the bullet hit the monkey? (a) 20 2m (b) 10m
Substantiate your answer with proper (c) 10 2m (d) 20m
reasoning? [Ans. (d)] [AIEEE 12]
[Ans. The bullet and monkey will always reach
the point A at the same time] [H. C. Verma]
Q33. A ball is thrown upwards and it returns to
Q28. A particle is projected over a triangle from ground describing a parabolic path. Which of
one end of a horizontal base and grazing the the following remains constant?
vertex falls on the other end of the base. If α (a) Kinetic energy of the ball
and β be the base angles and θ the angle of (b) Speed of the ball
projection, prove that Tanθ = Tanα + Tanβ . (c) Horizontal component of velocity
(d) Vertical component of velocity
OBJECTIVE [Ans. (c)] [BHU 99, AMU 2000, DPMT 01]
Q29. An aeroplane moving horizontally with a
speed of 720 km/h drops a food packet, while Q34. The velocity of a projectile at the initial
flying at a height of 396.9m, the time taken by
point A is ( 2iˆ + 3 ˆj ) m/s. It’s velocity (in m/s)
a food packet to reach the ground and its
horizontal range is (Take g = 9.8 m/sec2) at point B is
(a) 3 sec and 2000m (b) 5 sec and 500m
(c) 8 sec and 1500m (d) 9 sec and 1800m
[Ans. (d)] [AFMC 01, RPMT 2000]

Q30. A large number of bullets are fired in all

(a) 2iˆ + 3 ˆj (b) − 2iˆ − 3 ˆj
directions with same speed v. What is the
maximum area on the ground on which these (c) − 2iˆ + 3 ˆj (d) 2iˆ − 3 ˆj
bullets will spread? [Ans. (d)] [NEET 13]
v2 v4
(a) π (b) π Q35. If a body A of mass M is thrown with
g g2
velocity V at an angle of 300 to the horizontal
v4 v2
(c) π 2 (d) π 2 and another body B of the same mass is
g2 g2 thrown with the same speed at an angle of 600
[Ans. (b)] [PET 07, AIEEE 11] to the horizontal. The ratio of horizontal range
of A to B will be
Q31. The horizontal range and the maximum (a) 1: 3 (b) 1 : 1
height of a projectile are equal. The angle of (c) 1 : 3 (d) 3 : 1
projection of the projectile is
[Ans. (b)] [CBSE PMT 92,2000, JIPMER 02]

Branches : (1)SI-12, Shastri Nagar Contact : 9313964472

(2) D-37/38, Govindpuram Email : [email protected] 13
 P.K. PHYSICS CLASSES
Q36. A ball is thrown upwards at an angle of 600 Q40. For a given velocity, a projectile has the
to the horizontal. It falls on the ground at a same range R for two angles of projection if t1
distance of 90m. If the ball is thrown with the and t2 are the times of flight in the two cases
same initial velocity at an angle 300, it will fall then
on the ground at a distance of (a) t1t 2 ∝ R 2 (b) t1t 2 ∝ R
(a) 30m (b) 60m 1 1
(c) 90m (d) 120m (c) t1t 2 ∝ (d) t1t 2 ∝
R R2
[Ans. (c)] [BHU 2000] [Ans. (b)]
[KCET 03, AIEEE 04, AIIMS 08, DCE 09]
Q37. A stone projected with a velocity u at an
angle θ with the horizontal reaches maximum Q41. A body of mass m is thrown upwards at an
height H1. When it is projected with velocity u angle θ with the horizontal with velocity v.
π  While rising up the velocity of the mass after t
at an angle  − θ  with the horizontal, it
2  seconds will be
reaches maximum height H2. The relation
(a) (vCosθ ) 2 + (vSinθ ) 2
between the horizontal range R of the
projectile. H1 and H2 is (b) (vCosθ − vSinθ ) 2 − gt
(a) R = 4 H 1 H 2 (c) v 2 + g 2 t 2 − (2vSinθ ) gt
(b) R = 4(H 1 − H 2 )
(d) v 2 + g 2 t 2 − (2vCosθ ) gt
(c) R = 4(H 1 + H 2 )
[Ans. (c)] [AMU 99]
H 12
(d) R =
H 22 Q42. A ball is thrown from a point t with a speed
[Ans. (a)] [EAMCET 2000] v0 at an angle of projection θ . From the same
point and at the same instant a person starts
Q38. In a projectile motion, velocity at maximum v
running with a constant speed 0 to catch the
height is 2
uCosθ ball. Will the person be able to catch the ball?
(a) (b) uCosθ
2 If yes, what should be the angle of projection?
uSinθ (a) Yes, 600 (b) Yes, 300
(c) (d) None of these
2 (c) No (d) Yes, 450
[Ans. (b)] [AIEEE 02] [Ans. (a)] [AIEEE 04]

Q39. The equation of motion of a projectile are Q43. A stone is thrown at an angle θ to the
given by x = 36t metre and 2y = 96t – 9.8t2 horizontal reaches a maximum height H. Then
metre. The angle of projection is the time of flight of stone will be
4 3 2H 2H
(a) Sin −1   (b) Sin −1   (a) (b) 2
5 5 g g
4 3 2 2 HSinθ 2 HSinθ
(c) Sin −1   (d) Sin −1   (c) (d)
3 4 g g
[Ans. (a)] [EAMCET 03] [Ans. (b)] [BCECE 04]

Branches : (1)SI-12, Shastri Nagar Contact : 9313964472

(2) D-37/38, Govindpuram Email : [email protected] 14
 P.K. PHYSICS CLASSES
Q44. The maximum horizontal range of a (a) 20m (b) 40m
projectile is 400m. The maximum value of (c) 50m (d) 60m
height attained by it will be [Ans. (b)] [CBSE PMT 11]
(a) 100m (b) 200m
(c) 400m (d) 800m Q49. A projectile is fired at an angle of 450 with
[Ans. (a)] [AFMC 05] the horizontal. Elevation angle of the
projectile at its highest point as seen from the
Q45 A projectile is projected with kinetic energy point of projection, is
K. If it has the maximum possible horizontal  3
range, then its kinetic energy at the highest (a) Tan −1  
 (b) 450
 2 
point will be
1
(a) 0.25K (b) 0.5K (c) 600 (d) Tan −1
(c) 0.75K (d) 1.0K 2
[Ans. (b)] [CBSE 01, AIEEE 07] [Ans. (d)] [CBSE PMT 11]

Q46. A small particle of mass m is projected at an

angle θ with the x-axis with an initial velocity
IIT JEE
Q50. A ball is projected with kinetic energy E at
v0 in the x-y plane as shown below. At a time
an angle of 450 to the horizontal. At the
v Sinθ
t< 0 , the angular momentum of the highest point during its flight, its kinetic
g energy will be
particle is E
(a) Zero (b)
2
E
(c) (d) E
2
[Ans. (b)] [PMT 94,97,01, AIEEE 02, PMT
04, IIT 09, 12]
1
(a) mgv0 t 2 Cosθiˆ (b) − mgv0 t 2 Cosθˆj
2
Q51. A projectile is given an initial velocity of
1
(c) mgv0 tCosθkˆ (d) − mgv 0 t 2 Cosθkˆ (iˆ + 2 ˆj ) m/s, where iˆ is along the ground and
2
Where iˆ, ˆj and k̂ are unit vectors along x, y ĵ is along the vertical. If g = 10 m/s2, the
and z-axis respectively. equation of its trajectory is
[Ans. (d)] [AIEEE 10] (a) y = x − 5x 2 (b) y = 2 x − 5 x 2
(c) 4 y = 2 x − 5 x 2 (d) 4 y = 2 x − 25 x 2
Q47. The speed of a projectile at its maximum [Ans. (b)] [IIT 13]
height is half of its initial speed. The angle of
projection is Q52. From a tower of height H, a particle is
(a) 600 (b) 150 thrown vertically upwards with a speed u. The
(c) 300 (d) 450 time taken by the particle, to hit the ground, is
[Ans. (a)] [CBSE PMT 10] a n times that taken by it to reach the highest
point of its path. The relation between H, u
Q48. A missile is fired for maximum range with and n is
an initial velocity of 20m/s. If g = 10 m/s2, the (a) 2gH=n2u2 (b) gH=(n-2)2u2
range of the missile is (c) 2gH=nu2(n-2) (d) gH=(n-2)u2
[Ans. (c)] [IIT 14]

Branches : (1)SI-12, Shastri Nagar Contact : 9313964472

(2) D-37/38, Govindpuram Email : [email protected] 15