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Latin Notes 5

The document outlines the declensions of Latin nouns, detailing the singular and plural forms for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th declensions. It includes specific examples for each declension, along with notes on unique characteristics and rules for neuter nouns. Additionally, it highlights the rarity of 5th declension nouns and provides common examples.

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8 views

Latin Notes 5

The document outlines the declensions of Latin nouns, detailing the singular and plural forms for the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th declensions. It includes specific examples for each declension, along with notes on unique characteristics and rules for neuter nouns. Additionally, it highlights the rarity of 5th declension nouns and provides common examples.

Uploaded by

JChips
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NOUNS

1st Declension

singular plural
nominative puella puellae
accusative puellam puellas
genitive puellae puellarum
dative puellae puellīs
ablative puellā puellīs

2nd Declension

singular plural
nominative servus servi
accusative servum servos
genitive servi servorum
dative servo servis
ablative servo servis

singular plural
nominative puer pueri
accusative puerum pueros
genitive pueri puerorum
dative puero pueris
ablative puero pueris

(neuter) singular plural


nominative templum templa
accusative templum templa
genitive templi templorum
dative templo templis
ablative templo templis

Notes on the 2nd declension:


 most words in the second declension end in –us but there are a small number of
words ending in –er in the nominative which also belong to the 2nd declension e.g.
puer, magister, ager (field)
 words of the 2nd declension ending in –us also have a special form for the vocative
ending in –e, or in –i for words ending in –ius
 neuter nouns can belong to any declension, but follow a few special rules of their
own:
o the nominative + accusative are always the same
o the nominative + accusative plural always ends in –a

1
3rd declension

singular plural
nominative canis canes
accusative canem canes
genitive canis canum
dative cani canibus
ablative cane canibus

singular plural
nominative mercator mercatores
accusative mercatorem mercatores
genitive mercatoris mercatorum
dative mercatori mercatoribus
ablative mercatore mercatoribus

singular plural
nominative leo leones
accusative leonem leones
genitive leonis leonum
dative leoni leonibus
ablative leone leonibus

(neuter) singular plural


nominative corpus corpora
accusative corpus corpora
genitive corporis corporum
dative corpori corporibus
ablative corpore corporibus

(neuter) singular plural


nominative nomen nomina
accusative nomen nomina
genitive nominis nominum
dative nomini nominibus
ablative nomine nominibus

Notes on the 3rd declension:


 3rd declension nouns have a variety of endings in the nominative case and many
change their stems in all other cases
e.g. rex  reg- , serpems  serpent- , corpus  corpor- , nomen  nomin- ,
leo leon-
The stem can be found from the genitive
 words that end in –is and –ns have genitive plurals ending in –ium and –ntium,
except for canis and iuvenis

2
4th Declension

(feminine) singular plural


nominative manus manūs
accusative manum manūs
genitive manūs manuum
dative manui manibus
ablative manū manibus

(neuter) singular plural


nominative genū genua
accusative genū genua
genitive genūs genuum
dative genū genibus
ablative genū genibus

Notes on the 4th declension:


The 4th declension is really just a mutant version of the 3rd declension, for words whose
stems end in –u. where these words would have a “-ue” or “-ui” combinations, these
vowels are compressed in “-ū”.

5th Declension

singular plural
nominative dies dies
accusative diem dies
genitive diei dierum
dative diei diebus
ablative die diebus

Notes on the 5th declension:


5th declension nouns are rare. Some of the most common are: dies (day), res (thing), spes
(hope), species (appearance), facies (shape/form). All 5th declension nouns, excpet dies,
are feminine.

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