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Midterm-Module6-KoreanZlanguage

Module 6 of the Bachelor of Arts in English Language Studies at Quirino State University focuses on discussing weekend activities and daily routines in Korean. It covers verb endings, vocabulary related to time, and structures for asking questions. The module aims to enable students to express their tasks and use learned vocabulary in sentences.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
2 views

Midterm-Module6-KoreanZlanguage

Module 6 of the Bachelor of Arts in English Language Studies at Quirino State University focuses on discussing weekend activities and daily routines in Korean. It covers verb endings, vocabulary related to time, and structures for asking questions. The module aims to enable students to express their tasks and use learned vocabulary in sentences.

Uploaded by

maxwellbryant001
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Quirino State University

Cabarroguis Campus

BACHELOR OF ARTS IN ENGLISH


LANGUAGE STUDIES

FOREIGN LANGUAGE

KOREAN

MODULE 6
Second Semester
A.Y. 2022-23

Prepared by:

LESLIE G. DISCIPULO, MAED


Course Facilitator
Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?
MODULE 6: What do you do on weekends?

Module Focus:
 Talking About What You Are Doing
 Talking About Your Daily Routine
1. Verbs (Doing Words) and their Endings
2. +(아/어), +(아/어)요, +{으}세요
3. Casual Question Verbs Endings +니?/냐?
4. 뭐 ‘what’
5. Vocabulary: Time 시간
6. Time Particle +에 ‘in’, ‘at’ or ‘on’
7. Activity Location Particle +에서 ‘in’ or ‘at’
8. Asking Opinions … 어때(요)? ‘How is …?’
9. Adjectives (Describing Words) and their Endings
10. +(아/어), +(아/어)요, +{으}세요
11. Vocabulary: Transitional Words

Learning Objectives:
At the end of the module, you should be able to:
 Use the types of verb endings to express your tasks or daily routines
 Use the time particle to indicate that something has happened at a particular
time.
 Use vocabolaries learned in creating sentences.

Situation Dialogue 1
Minseo is at the library when she
receives a call from Jihun.
지훈: 지금 뭐 하냐?
민서: 리포트 써. 근데, 왜?
지훈: 그냥.
민서: 나 바빠. 빨리 말해.
지훈: 아냐, 그냥. 리포트 마저 해.

Romanisation and Translation


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Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?
Jihun: Jigeum mwo hanya? Whatcha doin’ (now)?
Minseo: Ripoteu sseo. Geunde, wae? Writing an essay. Why do you ask? (Lit. But why?)
Jihun: Geunyang. ` No reason.
Minseo: Na bappa. Ppalli malhae. I’m busy. Just say it. (Lit. Quickly say it.)
Jihun: Anya, geunyang. Nah, I was just asking.
Ripoteu majeo hae. Finish your essay.
(Lit. Do the rest of the essay.)

Vocabulary
지금 now; at the moment
뭐 하냐? [뭐 what 하 do +냐? (casual masculine question ending)] Whatcha doin’?
리포트 report; essay (often mispronounced as 레포트)
써 [쓰 write +어 (casual present tense ending)] write
근데 by the way; but; anyway
왜 why
그냥 no reason; just/simply because
바빠 [바쁘 busy +아(casual present tense ending)] busy
빨리 quickly
말해 [말하 speak 말해 (casual present tense form)] say; speak
아냐 nah (short form of 아니야 (Lit. It’s not.))
마저 해 [마저 rest of +해 do] finish

Verb (Doing Words) and their Endings


+(아/어), +(아/어)요, +{으}세요
In Module 4 you have learned the different styles of speech used in Korean depending
on the relationship between speakers. Here, we will focus on three types: 1) casual form,
2) polite form, and 3) honorific form.

Verb Stem +(아/어) (Casual)


Verb Stem +(아/어)요 (Polite)
Verb Stem +{으}세요 (Honorific)

Verb endings are quite similar to the English present tense, as in ‘I study’ or ‘she
studies’. However, it is also used to indicate an action that is going on at present, as in
‘I’m studying at the moment’ (as well as ‘I’m studying at Monash University this year’)

1) Casual form

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Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?
• If the last vowel of the stem is ㅏ or ㅗ: +아
살 + 아 --> 살아 live/lives/is living, etc.
가 + 아 --> 가 go/goes/ is going, etc.
(가 already has ㅏ and no final consonant, so we don’t need to add 아)
• If the last vowel is not ㅏ or ㅗ: +어
먹 + 어  먹어 eat/eats/is eating, etc.
읽 + 어  읽어 read/reads/is reading, etc.
쓰 + 어  써 write/writes/is writing, et. (When the stem ends in the vowel ‘ㅡ’, it is
dropped.)
When there is no final consonant, the vowels are usually combined into one syllable:
오 + 아 --> 와 come/comes/is coming, etc.
주 + 어 --> 줘 give/gives/is giving, etc.
• If the stem ends in 하: 하 --> 해
하 --> 해 do/does/is doing, etc.
공부하 --> 공부해 study/studies/is studying, etc.
This rule is useful when you look up unknown words in the dictionary. At this stage, don’t worry too much
about having to remember all these rules. The best way would be to memorize both the stem and ending
together as a chunk.

2) Polite form
Polite form is constructed in the same way as casual form except that you add +요 at the end.
살 + 아 --> 살아 + 요  살아요 live/lives/is living, etc.
먹 + 어 --> 먹어 + 요  먹어요 eat/eats/is eating, etc.
3) Honorific form
There are rules for forming honorific form depending on whether the verb stem ends in a consonant or vowel.
• If the verb stem ends in a consonant: +으세요
앉 + 으세요 --->  앉으세요 sit/sits/is sitting, etc.
• If the verb stem ends in a vowel: +세요
가 + 세요 ---> 가세요 go/goes/ is going, etc.
Refer to the verb table on the following pages to see the three different forms for a
range of verbs.

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Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?

Verb Table: Present Tense Endings

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Casual Question Verb Endings +니?/+냐?
The verb forms you have previously studied in this unit can also be used for making
questions. However, in casual form there are alternative question endings:
Verb Stem +니? (less blunt)
Verb Stem +냐? (more blunt)

The +냐? ending sounds more blunt and tends to be used more often by males, while the
less blunt +니? form sounds gentler and used more often by females.
The rule for constructing these forms is very simple: Verb Stem +니?/+냐? as shown in the
verb table in the previous pages.
Examples:
(1) 음악 듣니?
음악 듣냐? Are you listing to music?

(2) 집에 가니?
집에 가냐? Are you going home?

(3) 점심 먹니?
점심 먹냐? Are you having lunch?

(4) 문자 하니?
문자 하냐? Are you texting (on the mobile phone)?

Note. Due to the nasal sound ‘ㄴ’ in +니?/+ 냐?, sometimes there will be a sound change. For instance, 듣니/듣냐 is
pronounced [든니/든냐] and 먹니/먹냐 is pronounced [멍니/멍냐].

뭐 ‘what’
Asking questions such as ‘What do you like?’ or ‘What are you doing now?’ is very simple
in Korean. The counterpart of ‘what’ is 뭐. But you have to remember that in Korean the
pronoun ‘you’ is usually omitted when it is obvious whom you are referring to. Therefore,
we just put 좋아하세요? after 뭐 as follows:

(1) 뭐 좋아해? What d’ya like? (casual)


(2) 뭐 좋아하니? What d’ya like? (casual)
(3) 뭐 좋아하냐? What d’ya like? (casual)
(4) 뭐 좋아해요? What do you like? (polite)
(5) 뭐 좋아하세요? What do you like? (honorific)

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Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?
You can ask, ‘What are you doing (now)?’ in the same way. The counterpart of ‘are
doing’ in Korean is 해(요). But if you were asking your teacher, you will need use the
honorific form 하세요, as below.
(6) 뭐 하세요? What are you doing?
And if we add 지금 (now) to the beginning of the sentence it becomes:
(casual)
(7) A: 지금 뭐 해? What are you doing now?
B: 아무 것도 안 해. I’m not doing anything.
OR
B: 한국어 공부해. I’m studying Korean.

Task 1: Role Play


Choose one of the following activities. Now, go around the classroom and practise the
dialogue with your classmates.
[대화 보기 Example Dialogue]
A: 지금 뭐 해?/하냐?/하니?
B: 리포트 써 . 근데, 왜?
A: 그냥.

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Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?
Task 2: Listening
☞ 문형 (EXPONENT)
지금 뭐 해요? What are you doing now?
(Something) Verb stem + (아/어)요. I'm (verb)ing (something).
Noun + 해요. I'm doing Noun .
☞ 필수 어휘 (ESSENTIAL VOCABULARY)
공부해요 study 전화해요 telephone
먹어요 eat 들어요 listen
읽어요 read 잠 자요 sleep
마셔요 drink 입어요 put on
만나요 meet 불러요 sing
춤 춰요 dance 봐요 see or watch
노래 song 텔레비전 television
친구 friend 옷 clothes
주스 juice 책 book
음악 music 사과 apple
☞ You are going to hear a dialogue that describes various activities. Write
down the letter of the picture that describes what you hear. Ready? Listen!

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Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?

Situation Dialogue 2
Minjun and Hyeonu are on campus talking about their plans for the weekend.
민준: 이번 토요일에 뭐 해?
현우: 토요일?1 토요일엔 알바해.
민준: 무슨 알바? 2
현우: 식당에서 서빙.
민준: 그럼 일요일은?

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Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?
현우: 아직 계획 없어.

Romanisation and Translation


Minjun: Ibeon toyoire mwo hae? What are you up to this Saturday?
Hyeonu: Toyoil? Toyoiren albahae. Saturday? I’m working (my casual job) on Saturday.
Minjun: Museun alba? What job?
Hyeonu: Sikdangeseo seobing. Waiter at a restaurant.
(Lit. Waiting tables at a restaurant.)
Minjun: Geureom iryoireun? What about Sunday, then?
Hyeonu: Ajik gyehoek eopseo. No plans yet.

Vocabulary
이번 this
토요일 Saturday
+에 on
뭐 what
해 [하 do --> 해(casual present tense form)] do; are doing
+엔 [+에 (time particle) on +ㄴ(topic particle; emphasis)]
알바해 [알바하 do casual/part-time job --> 알바해(casual present tense form)] doing a casual job;
working part-time
무슨 what; what kind of
식당 restaurant
+에서 (activity location particle) in; at
서빙 waiting tables (i.e. ‘serving’)
그럼 then
일요일 Sunday
아직 yet; still
계획 plan(s)
없어 [없 there isn’t; not have +어 (casual present tense ending)]
there isn’t any; don’t have any

Note 1: Echo questions, such as “토요일?” in the dialogue above, are frequently used by Koreans to confirm what
someone else has just said and also to show that you are listening. These type of questions support the
conversation and show your active interest.
Note 2: 무슨 is used before the noun that you are asking about, and means “what (movie)?”, “what kind of
(person)?”, “which (colour)?” etc. You need to be very careful not to use 뭐 (what) in these cases because
“what” and “what something” in Korean are different.
However, instead of ‘무슨 Noun?’, you can also use the form ‘Noun 뭐?’ for the same effect as shown in the
dialogue below:

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Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?
A: 이번 토요일에 뭐 해? What are you up to this Saturday?
B: 알바해. I’m working part-time.
A: 알바 뭐? What job?
(instead of ‘무슨 알바?’)
B: 식당에서 서빙 Waiter at a restaurant.

Vocabulary: Time 시간
오전 오후
am/morning pm/afternoon
아침 점심 저녁 밤
morning; midday; evening; night
(breakfast) (lunch) (dinner)

평일 주말 휴일 공휴일
weekday weekend day off public holiday
workday

어제 오늘 내일 모레
yesterday today tomorrow the day after tomorrow

지난/저번 주 last week 이번 주 this week


다음 주 next week 지난/저번 달 last month
이번 달 this month 다음 달 next month
지난/저번 학기 last semester 이번 학기 this semester
다음 학기 next semester 작년 or 지난 해 last year
금년 or 올해 this year 내년 or 다음 해 next year

월요일 Monday 화요일 Tuesday 수요일 Wednesday


목요일 Thursday 금요일 Friday 토요일 Saturday
일요일 Sunday

Time Particle +에 ‘in’, ‘at’ or ‘on’


When you want to indicate that something has happened at a particular time, you attach the particle +에 to a
time word.
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Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?
Time Word +에
(1) 아침에 학교에 가(요). I go to school in the morning.
(2) 오후에 수영장에 가(요). I go to a swimming pool in the afternoon.
(3) 여덟 시에 집에 와(요). I come home at 8 o’clock.
(4) 주말에 시드니에 가(요). I’m going to Sydney on the weekend.

However, similar to English, some words are used without +에:


오늘 (today) 지금 (now)
어제 (yesterday) 올해 (this year)
내일 (tomorrow)

(5) 내일 극장에 가(요) I’m going to a cinema tomorrow.


(6) 지금 좀 바빠(요). I’m a bit busy at the moment.

When two or more time words are used together, the time particle +에 is attached to the last one only:
(7) 아침 여덟 시에 I go to school at 8 o’clock in the morning.
학교에 가(요). (i.e. You do not say 아침에 여덟 시에)

(8) 내일 아침 일곱 시에 I’m going to school at 7 o’clock


학교에 가(요). tomorrow morning.

Task 3: Writing
Fill in the blanks below according to the information provided. The first five sentences have been completed for
you.
morning: go to university, play tennis, swim, drink coffee, eat breakfast
afternoon: come home, listen to music, drink tea
evening: read the newspaper, study Korean
night: watch TV, write an email, go to a club
weekend: clean the house, do shopping, meet a friend, go to the cinema

1. 나는 아침에 학교에 가.
2. 나는 오후에 집에 와.
3. 나는 저녁에 신문 읽어.
4. 나는 밤에 텔레비전 봐.
5. 나는 주말에 집 청소해.
6. 나는 _______테니스 쳐.
7. 나는 _______커피 마셔.
8. 나는 _______음악 들어.
MIDTERM-MODULE-6 16
Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?
9. 나는 _______ 한국어 공부해.
10. 나는 _______이메일 써.
11. 나는 _______ 쇼핑해.
12. 나는 _______ 수영해.
13. 나는 _______ 차 마셔.
14. 나는 _______ 극장에 가.
15. 나는 _______ 클럽에 가.
16. 나는 _______ 아침 먹어.
17. 나는 _______ 친구 만나.

Activity Location Particle +에서 ‘in’ or ‘at’


+에서 is used to indicate where an activity takes place. It is equivalent to the English ‘in’ or ‘at’ when used in
relation to an activity. This is a distinction that English does not make, so you should try and remember that
when an ‘activity’ is involved, use +에서, not +에.

Activity Location +에서


Examples:
(1) 백화점에서 바지 사(요). I’m buying a pair of trouser at a department store.
(2) 모내시 대학교에서 한국어 공부해(요). I’m studying (OR I study) Korean at Monash University.
(3) 은행에서 돈 찾아(요). I’m withdrawing money at a bank.
(4) 서점에서 책 사(요). I’m buying a book at a bookshop.
(5) 회사에서 일 해(요). I’m working at the office.
(6) 도서관에서 책 빌려(요). I’m borrowing a book at the library.
(7) 식당에서 점심 먹어(요). I’m having lunch at a restaurant.

Task 4: Writing
Fill in an appropriate place name for the activities below. There may be more than one possible answer.
1. 백화점에서 바지 사.
2. 모내시 대학교에서 한국어 공부해.
3.__________________________ 돈 찾아.
4.__________________________ 책 사.
5.__________________________ 일해.
6.__________________________ 책 빌려.
7.__________________________ 점심 먹어.
8.__________________________ 자전거 타.

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Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?
9.__________________________ 테니스 쳐.
10.__________________________ 음악 들어.
11.__________________________ 쇼핑해.
12.__________________________ 친구 만나.
13.__________________________ 청소해.
14.__________________________ 술 마셔.
15.__________________________ 춤 춰.
16.__________________________ 노래 불러.
17__________________________. 음식 만들어.
18.__________________________ 커피 마셔.
19.__________________________ 한국 음식 먹어.
20.__________________________ 텔레비전 봐.

Task 5: Role Play


Choose two of the activities below that you usually do on weekends.
Move around the classroom and talk about your weekend activities with your classmates.
[대화 보기 Example Dialogue]
A: 주말에 보통 뭐 해? *보통 usually; normally
B: 토요일엔 도서관에서 공부해
그리고 일요일엔 집에서 청소해. .
넌 (What about you?)

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Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?

Task 6: Writing
Complete the dialogues using the pictures.

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Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?

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Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?

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Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?

Situation Dialogue 3
Minjun sees Hyeonu talking to Paul and asks who Paul is.
민준: 한국어 잘하는데. 누구야?
현우: 폴이야. 나랑 경제학 같이 들어.
민준: 그래? 경제학 수업 어때? 안 힘들어?
현우: 힘들어. 테스트도 많아.
민준: 과제는?
현우: 과제는 없어.
Romanisation and Translation

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Minjun: Hangugeo jal haneunde. Nuguya? His Korean’s good. Who is he?
Hyeonu: Poriya. Narang gyeongjehak gachi deureo. It’s Paul. He’s in my Economics
class (Lit. He takes Economics together
with me).
Minjun: Geurae? Gyeongjehak sueop eottae? Oh, okay. (Lit. Is that so?)
An himdeureo? How’s the class? Is it hard? (Lit. Is it
not hard?)
Hyeonu: Himdeureo. Teseuteudo mana. It’s hard. Lots of tests, too.
Minjun: Gwajeneun? What about assignments?
Hyeonu: Gwajeneun eopseo. We have no assignments.

Vocabulary
한국어 Korean language
잘하는데 be good at (Lit. do well)
누구 who
+야 +{이}야 is the casual form of +{이에요/예요}(am/are/is).
나 I; me
+{이}랑 with
경제학 Economics (as a subject)
같이 together
들어 [듣 listen to 들+어(casual present tense ending)] take (a class)
그래? yeah?; oh, okay. (Lit. Is that so?)
수업 class …
어때? What is … like? / How is …?
안 not
힘들어 [힘들 hard/tough/difficult/challenging +어(casual present tense ending)] hard
테스트 test
+도 too; also; as well
많아 [많 plenty; a lot +어(casual present tense ending)] there are lots of; have lots of
과제 assignment
없어 [없 there isn’t; not have +어(casual present tense ending)] there isn’t any; don’t
have

Asking Opinions … 어때(요)? ‘How is …?’


Noun 어때? (Casual)
Noun 어때요? (Polite)
Noun 어떠세요? (Honorific)
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When you want to ask an opinion about something (the topic), you can say “… 어때요?
(How is ...?)” as in “How’s the class?” (or “What is … like?” as in “What’s Korean food
like?”). The answer may be, “It (the class) is hard.” In English, question words like ‘what,
when, where, who, why, how’ appear at the beginning of the sentence, but Korean
sentence order is the same as the answer, which means the topic comes first regardless
of whether or not it is a question. Consider the example dialogue below:
A: 수업 어때?
class how is? How’s class?
B: (수업) 힘들어.
class is hard It’s hard.
Examples:
(1) A: 한국어 수업 어때(요)? How’s your Korean class?
B: 괜찮아(요). It’s alright.

(2) A: 커피 어때(요)? How’s the coffee?


B: 맛있어(요). It’s good (Lit. tastes good).

(3) A: 한국 음식 어때(요)? What’s Korean food like?

B: 아주 매워(요). It’s very spicy.

Task 7: Role Play


Practise the dialogue with a partner, using the adjectives given below.
[대화 보기 Example Dialogue]
A: 경제학 수업 어때?
B: 힘들어. .
A: 그래? 그럼 한국어는?
B: 재밌어 (=재미있어). .

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Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?

Adjectives (Describing Words) and their Endings


+(아/어), +(아/어)요, +{으}세요
Unlike in English where adjectives are used with the ‘be’ verb (am/are/is), adjectives in
Korean are used by themselves and come where the verb would go in a sentence. They
are formed according to the same rules for verbs and also have three main speech
styles: 1) casual form, 2) polite form, and 3) honorific form.
Adjective Stem + (아/어) (Casual)
Adjective Stem + (아/어)요 (Polite)
Adjective Stem + {으}세요 (Honorific)
1) Casual form
• If the last vowel of the stem is ㅏ or ㅗ: +아
맑 + 아  맑아 fine (weather)
싸+아싸 cheap, inexpensive (싸 already has ㅏ and no final consonant, so no need
to add 아)
나쁘 + 아  나빠 bad (When the stem ends in the vowel ‘ㅡ’, it is dropped. This makes
아 in 나ㅃ the last vowel.)
• If the last vowel is not ㅏ or ㅗ: +어
재미있 + 어  재미있어 interesting; fun
맛있 + 어  맛있어 delicious; tasty
크+어커 big (When the stem ends in the vowel ‘ㅡ’, it is dropped.)

When there is no final consonant, the vowels are usually combined into one syllable:
흐리 + 어  흐려 cloudy
느리 + 어  느려 slow

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Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?
• If the stem ends in 하: 하  해
깨끗하  깨끗해 clean
똑똑하  똑똑해 smart; clever
So far, the rule is the exactly same as that for verbs. However, here you will learn an irregular ending used
more frequently for adjectives, which is used when the stem ends in ㅂ.
• If the last vowel of the stem is ㅗ and stem ends in ㅂ: delete ㅂ +와
곱 delete ㅂ + 와  고와 (an old fashioned word for pretty like ‘fair’)
• If the last vowel of the stem is not ㅗ and stem ends in ㅂ: delete ㅂ +워
덥  delete ㅂ + 워  더워 hot (weather or temperature)
어렵  delete ㅂ + 워  어려워 difficult
Note: +워 is much more common than +와, so at this stage you only need to
focus on +워.

2) Polite form
Polite form is constructed in the same way as casual form except that you add 요 at the end.
싸 + 아  싸 + 요  싸요 cheap
맛있 + 어  맛있어 + 요  맛있어요 tasty
3) Honorific form
There are rules for forming honorific form depending on whether the verb stem ends in a consonant or
vowel.
• If the adjective stem ends in a consonant except ㅂ: +으세요
재미있 + 으세요   재미있으세요 interesting; fun
• If the adjective stem ends in a vowel: +세요
바쁘 + 세요  바쁘세요 busy
• If the adjective stem ends in the consonant ㅂ: delete ㅂ +우세요
아름답   delete ㅂ +우세요  아름다우세요 beautiful

You need not worry too much about having to remember all these rules. The best way at this stage is to
memorize both the stem and ending together as a chunk, as mentioned earlier for verbs.
Refer to the adjective table on the following pages to see the three different forms for a range of adjectives.

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Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?

Adjective Table: Present Tense Endings

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Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?
Vocabulary: Transitional Words

근데 (=그런데) by the way/anyway; but


하지만/ 그러나 but; however
그럼 (=그러면) then; in that case
그리고 and (joining sentences)
그래서 so; therefore

Examples:
(1) A: 지금 뭐 하냐? What’re ya doin'?
B: 리포트 써. 근데 왜? Writing an assignment. Why?

(2) A: 한국 음식 좋아하세요? Do you like Korean food?


B: 네, 하지만 좀 매워요. Yes, but it’s a bit spicy.

(3) A: 나 오늘 수업 일찍 끝나. I finish my class early today.


B: 그럼, 일찍 집에 와. Then, come home early.

(4) A: 이번 토요일에 뭐 해? What’re you up to this Saturday?


B: 오전엔 알바해. I’m working (my casual job)
그리고 오후엔 공부해. in the morning. And in the afternoon I’ll be studying.

(5) 숙제가 많아요. I have a lot of homework.


그래서 정말 바빠요. So I’m really busy.

Task 8: Writing
You are conducting market research. Make your own questionnaire, asking people what
they do on weekends. Write your questions in honorific style of speech, as you want your
questions to sound very polite. The first two have been done for you.

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Module 6 - What do you do on weekends?

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