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CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a life-saving technique used in emergencies like cardiac arrest and drowning to maintain oxygenation and circulation until advanced medical help arrives. The standard method has shifted from ABC (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) to CAB (Chest compressions, Airway, Breathing), emphasizing the importance of chest compressions. Key steps include checking responsiveness, performing chest compressions, clearing the airway, and providing rescue breaths, with ongoing management and documentation required by nursing staff.

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jaya prabha
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9 views

CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is a life-saving technique used in emergencies like cardiac arrest and drowning to maintain oxygenation and circulation until advanced medical help arrives. The standard method has shifted from ABC (Airway, Breathing, Circulation) to CAB (Chest compressions, Airway, Breathing), emphasizing the importance of chest compressions. Key steps include checking responsiveness, performing chest compressions, clearing the airway, and providing rescue breaths, with ongoing management and documentation required by nursing staff.

Uploaded by

jaya prabha
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CARDIOPULMONARY RESUSCITATION

INTRODUCTION
CPR cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a life saving technique useful in many
emergencies including heart attack or near drowning in which some one’s breathing or heart
beat has stopped.
DEFINITION
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a techniques of basic life support for oxygenating
the brain and heart untill appropriate, definition medical treatment can restore normal heart
and ventilatory action.
PURPOSES
 To maintain an open and clear airway
 To maintain breathing by external ventilation.
 To maintain blood circulating by external cardiac massages
 To save life of the patient
 To provide basic life support till medical and advanced life support arrives.
INDICATION
 Cardiac arrest
 Respiratory arrest
 Drowning
 Foreign body in throat
 Smoke inhalation
 Drug overdose
 Suffocation
 Accidental injury
 Coma
PRINCIPLES OF CPR
 To restore effective circulation and ventilation
 To prevent irreversible central damage due to anorexia
When the heart fails to maintain the cerebral circulation for approximately four minutes the
brain may suffer irreversible damage.
STANDARD METHOD OF CPR
 The standard method of CPR has been A-B-C, ‘A’ for airway, ‘B’ for breathing and ‘C’
for compressions.
 But recently the American Heart Association (AHA) has changed it from Airway,
Breathing & Circulation (ABC)to Chest compressions, Airway, Breathing (CAB)
STEPS IN CPR :-
Before starting CPR, check:-
 Is the person conscious or unconscious?
 If the person appears unconscious, tap or shake his or her shoulder and ask loudly, "Are
you OK?
 If the person doesn't respond, call the local emergency number and begin CPR.
CIRCULATION
 Restore blood circulation with chest compressions.
 Put the person on his or her back on a firm surface.
 Place the heel of one hand over the centre of the person's chest. Place your other hand on
top of the first hand.
 Use your upper body weight and compress the chest at least 2 inches.
 Push hard & fast at a rate of about 100 compressions a minute. chest compressions to
restore circulation
AIRWAY
 Clear the airway
 Open the person's airway using the head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver.
 Check for normal breathing.
 Look for chest rise, listen for normal breath sounds, and feel for the person's breath on
your cheek.
 If the person isn't breathing normally , begin mouth- to-mouth breathing.
BREATHING
 Breathe for the person
 Rescue breathing can be mouth-to-mouth breathing or mouth-to-nose breathing.
 Using Head tilt-Chin lift maneuver give two rescue breaths.
 30 chest compressions followed by 2 rescue breaths is considered 1 cycle.
Or 1 cycle = 30: 2
 Continue CPR until 5cycles are completed.
 If the person has not begun moving after five cycles, administer one shock by using
Automated external defibrillator (AED).
 Continue CPR until there are signs of movement or emergency medical personnel take
over.
NURSING MANAGEMENT
 Maintain airway patency with use of airway adjuncts as required (suction, high flow
oxygen with oxygen or bag valve mask ventilation).
 Assist with intubation and securing of ETT inserts gastric tube and facilitates gastric
decompression past intubation as required.
 Assists with ongoing management of airway patency and adequate ventilation.
 Support less experienced staff by coaching ?guidance e.g. drug preparation.
 If a shock able rhythm is present ensure manual defibrillator pads are applied and
connected.
 If CPR is an progress, prepare and independently double of adrenaline.
 Prepare and administer I/V fluids.
 Document medications administered

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