HANDOUT 1 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY (ICT) - is a range of technologies that

advance communications.

WEB GENERATIONS - This technology comes from the innovations made from Web 1.0 to
Web 2.0.
- (WEB 1.0 IS THE FIRST GENERATION OF THE INTERNET BY BERNERS-LEE POINEREED
IN 1990)
- (WEB 2.0 IS THE SHIFT THAT HAPPENED IN HOW THE INTERNET USED IN THE PAST 15-20
YEARS)
- (WEB 3.0 REPRESENTS THE NEXT PHASE OF THUS EVOLUTION OF THE INTERNET AND
COULD BE AS DISRUPTIVE AS WEB 2.0)
WEB 1.0 - Writing fundamental technologies that became the foundation of the world wide web and the
first webpage browser.
WEB 2.0 - Driven by innovations such as internet access and social networks that enable the
dominance of applications that expanded online interactivity and utility.
WEB 3.0 - It is built on the concepts of decentralization which aims for data to be stored in multiple
locations simultaneously and not on a single server

CONVERGENT TECHNOLOGIES
- Refers to where two or more independent technologies combine to form a new device.
(THREE CHARACTERISTICS)
- FIRST, they can perform multiple features to serve a blended purpose.
- SECOND, they can collect and use data in various formats and let machine learning techniques
provide an enhanced user experience.
- THIRD, they are interconnected with other devices to offer universal access to users.

SOCIAL USE - The developments in ICT have made it possible to connect with people around the world
instantly through social media.

ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY - It is any device, application, or equipment that supports people with
disabilities to learn, communicate, and function with ease and comfort according to their condition.

(ONLINE SYSTEMS AND PLATFORMS) - Online systems and platforms are a variety of services
available on the Internet.
MARKETPLACE - The two important features of an online marketplace are the sellers and buyers that
trade products and services on an e-commerce website.
SEARCH ENGINES - A search engine is a web-based tool designed to retrieve information online
specific to what the users need.
- CRAWL - web crawlers, also known as spiders, constantly search the internet, find new sites, and
identify new links to be used.
- INDEX - The gathered data by the crawlers is then analyzed, organized, and stored in an index
for engines to find the information quickly when searched.
- SEARCH - The search engine translates inputted words into terms that relate to its index using
natural language processing (NLP) which uses machine learning to understand a query.
- RANK - Search engines have algorithms used to present a list of results organized by what it
thinks is the best answer to the query.

(CREATIVE CONTENT OUTLETS) - These are websites that utilize different types of media to
communicate products, services, and the person or brand itself.
- BLOG - It is written content run by a team or an individual, referred to as a blogger, that shares
their opinion and knowledge on several topics for a target audience.
- VIDEO - Creative video ranges from brand videos, animation, and educational videos to vlogs.
- INFOGRAPHIC - It is a collection of visual representations of information and data such as charts
and graphs with minimal text compared to a traditional presentation or reports.

(COMMUNICATION PLATFORM) - These are best used in achieving better collaboration and
connection with anyone across different distances.
- MICROSOFT 365 - it is a productivity tool that includes MS Teams, OneDrive could storage, and
Office apps best for browsing, editing, and storing documents from Microsoft Office.
- GOOGLE WORKSPACE - it is a web-based tool that assures secured collaboration and
productivity apps for businesses.
- DROPBOX - it is a user-friendly cloud-sharing solution for managing shared files, reducing email
needs, and improving collaboration between employees.

(ONLINE SAFETY, SECURITY, AND ETIQUETTE) - Aside from extensive efforts to abide by the
enacted cyber laws, it Is still the main responsibility of the user to explore and use cyberspace.
- ONLINE SAFETY - the means wherein users can defend themselves against possible dangers
online.
1. NEVER TRUST ANYONE: In this social media world, it is easier to make connections with
different people.
2. DO NOT DISCLOSE TOO MUCH INFORMATION: People find comfort and joy in sharing
everything online through images, videos, and posts.
3. CROSS-CHECK A WEBSITE: Phishing, which is an illegal way of pretending to be a legitimate
website, is rampant these days.
4. CLICK LINKS ACCORDINGLY: As the Internet becomes more widely accessible to everyone, the
risks become more subtle and smart.
 - ONLINE SECURITY - Safeguards confidential information against dangerous attacks and
cybercrimes.
1. PASSWORD SECURITY: Websites require a strong password that meets the usual standard of
more than eight (8) alphanumeric characters, additional symbols, and proper caps lock.
2. MULTI-FACTOR AUTHENTICATION: Aside from having strong passwords, authentication using
biometrics and PINs are considered more secure now.
3. INSTALLING ANTI-VIRUS: For each time a suspicious link is clicked, an installed anti-virus can
provide early detection of possible viruses it may bring.
4. BACKUP STORAGE: Files from a computer must be stored in a backup that is either cloud
storage or a hard drive.

(ONLINE ETIQUETTE) - Is the idea of behaving with kindness and respect to others who utilize the
benefits and advantages of the Internet.
1. PROPER USE OF TONE: No matter whether in written or audio, using the proper tone to get the
message across is crucial in a conversation.
2. PROOFREADING THE MESSAGE: The instantaneous benefit of online communication is a
double-edged sword that can cause major problems.
3. RESPECT FOR PRIVACY: Technical skills can be learned online, especially ways how to hack or
snoop on confidential information.
4. BE PREPARED AND MINIMIZE DISTRACTIONS: Online meetings, seminars, and lectures are
starting to become a norm.
5. AVOID MISINFORMATION: With the influx of available information, it is advisable to validate any
form of information such as news, articles, infographics, and blogs before sharing them with
others.

HANDOUT 2 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

PRODUCTIVITY TOOLS - Are resources on the Internet that allow individuals and organizations to
increase productivity based on specific outputs that can be written, visual, or audio.

1. WORD PROCESSOR – an application or a device that lets users write, edit and print documents.
- Text Copy – allows copying the same text multiple times in the document.
- Text Cut - differs from copying as it removes the text from its original position.
- Paste – an action done when a copied or cut text is ready to be posted or shown again
- Multimedia – lets the use and insertion of multimedia such as images, video, clip art, and charts
in the document.
- Text Formatting – allows personalized and formal changes in the document through font change,
font styles such as bold and italic, font size, and font color.
- Spelling, Grammar, and Autocorrect – allows the correct use of defined language used in the
document.
- (INCLUDES TABLES, LAYOUT CUSTOMIZATION, SEARCH AND REPLACE, HEADERS, AND
FOOTERS)
2. SPREADSHEET – or worksheet, a file consisting of rows and columns that help sort, organize,
arrange, and calculate numerical data.
 - Forms – for handling inventories, timesheets, surveys, and personal information.
- Finance – for checking account information such as billing, invoices, receipts, transactions, and
budget.
- School and Grades – for tracking the student performance, calculating grades, and quick data
consolidation.
- Lists – for simple uses such as to-do, grocery, and telephone lists.
3. PRESENTATION PROGRAM – a software tool to create a slideshow for professional or
educational purposes.
- SIMPLE STRUCTURE: It is essential to have a structure that the presenter and the audience can
follow, no matter how complex the topic is.
- VISUAL AIDS: Explaining without visual cues makes it difficult for the audience to understand
any topic fully.
- PREPAREDNESS AND CONFIDENCE: Being prepared and confident in a presentation is the
perfect recipe for success.
4. GRAPHIC DESIGN TOOLS – programs and applications that let users design, edit, animate, and
illustrate their work online.
- WEB DESIGN – planning, conceptualizing, and organizing how online content is displayed, such
as on a website.
- ADVERTISING AND MARKETING DESIGN – promoting products and services through ads,
logos, brochures, and packaging to attract customers.
- MOTION DESIGN AND ANIMATION – the process of making inanimate objects appear to move
in a specific manner.
- ILLUSTRATION – creating visual outputs such as photographs, drawings, and graphs.
- PUBLICATION DESIGN – designing printed materials such as books, magazines, posters,
newspapers, and their online equivalent.
(FUNDAMENTALS OF GRAPHICS DESIGN AND LAYOUTS) - appreciating the smallest details that
make up the overall composition.

(PRINCIPLES OF GRAPHICS DESIGN)

- UNITY – the prime principle and objective of all design as other principles aim to serve this result.
- VARIETY – provides visual interest in what is ordinary and bland.
- HIERARCHY – a primary task to manage and arrange the order of the design elements, including
the organization, positioning, and identifying the most important part of the design, the second,
and so forth.
- PROPORTION – refers to the size relationship between elements such as the height and width of
a rectangle may have a 2 to 4 relationship.
- BALANCE – the visual weight distribution of elements within a design.
SYMMETRICAL BALANCE put elements with equal visual weight on either side of a layout.
ASYMMETRICAL BALANCE put elements with a more detailed visual weight to balance and contrast
“heavier” elements with on one side of a layout.

- SIZE AND SCALE – the size of the elements within a composition used as a comparison or
measured in units.
- MOVEMENT – the prescribed visual path that viewers must follow through a layout with
hierarchy.
 - PROXIMITY – the placement of elements together and apart and the relative size and distance
between them.
- REPETITION – the placement of elements in a regular pattern that may vary in size and shape to
provide variety and unity.

(CREATING LAYOUT)
- GRID - subdivides a page vertically and horizontally into margins, columns, lines of type, and
space between blocks of type and images.
REPEATABILITY to make similar pages in a multipage design have the same structure.
COMPOSITION as ridged confines of a grid is considered a rule of thumb.
COMMUNICATION as it organizes essential features and information.

- GOLDEN RATIO - or the golden section, is a proportion that has been used in historical designs
such as the Great Pyramids, Medieval church designs, and even the Mona Lisa painting.
- This proportional ratio is roughly 1.618.
- FIBONACCI SEQUENCE of numbers closely replicates the golden section or golden ratio.

(PRINCIPLE OF VISUAL MESSAGE DESIGN) - communicates information and ideas using and
combining various graphic design elements.

VISUAL LITERACY - literacy refers to the skills a viewer uses when reading images which are often
understated given factors such as attention span and different understanding of visual cues and
symbolism.
1. AUDIENCE: Understanding the audience helps guide and direct the way the message will be
communicated to them.
2. THE PURPOSE AND INTENTION of the message can be defined based on the target audience’s
knowledge.
3. CONTEXT in which the viewers will read the message in terms of what platform or tool the
message will take.