What is Mutual Fund
What is Mutual Fund
Entities
Involved
in
Mutual
Fund
The
following
diagram
illustrates
various
entities
involved
in
the
organizational
structure
of
Mutual
Fund
ADVANTAGES
OF
MUTUAL
FUNDS
• Professional
Management
• Portfolio
Diversification
Across
Companies
&
Sectors
• Reduction
of
Risk
• Low
Cost
of
Operation
Lower
Transaction
Cost
• Convenience
&
Flexibility
• Liquidity
Entry
&
Exit
at
NAV
• Transparency
Regular
Disclosure
• Broad
guidelines
issued
for
a
Mutual
Fund
• SEBI
is
the
regulatory
authority
of
all
Mutual
Funds.
SEBI
has
the
following
• Broad
guidelines
pertaining
to
mutual
Funds.
• Mutual
Fund
should
be
formed
as
a
Trust
under
Indian
Trust
Act
and
should
be
operated
by
Asset
Management
Companies
(AMCs).
• Mutual
Fund
needs
to
set
up
a
Board
of
Trustees
and
Trustee
Companies.
They
should
also
have
their
Board
of
Directors.
• The
net
worth
of
the
AMCs
should
be
at
least
Rs.5
crores.
• AMCs
and
Trustees
of
a
Mutual
Fund
should
be
two
separate
and
distinct
legal
entities.
• The
AMC
or
any
of
its
companies
cannot
act
as
managers
for
any
other
fund.
• AMCs
have
to
get
the
approval
of
SEBI
for
its
Articles
and
Memorandum
of
Association.
• All
Mutual
Funds’
schemes
should
be
registered
with
SEBI.
• Mutual
Funds
should
distribute
minimum
of
90%
of
their
profits
among
the
investors.
Types
of
Mutual
Funds
Types
of
Mutual
Funds
Schemes
in
India
Wide
variety
of
Mutual
Fund
Schemes
exists
to
cater
to
the
needs
such
as
financial
position,
risk
tolerance
and
return
expectations
etc.
thus
mutual
funds
has
Variety
of
flavors,
Being
a
collection
of
many
stocks,
an
investors
can
go
for
picking
a
mutual
fund
might
be
easy.
There
are
over
hundreds
of
mutual
funds
scheme
to
choose
from.
It
is
easier
to
think
of
mutual
funds
in
categories,
mentioned
below.
Overview
of
existing
schemes
existed
in
mutual
fund
category:
BY
STRUCTURE
1.
Open
-‐
Ended
Schemes:
An
open-‐end
fund
is
one
that
is
available
for
subscription
all
through
the
year.
These
do
not
have
a
fixed
maturity.
Investors
can
conveniently
buy
and
sell
units
at
Net
Asset
Value
("NAV")
related
prices.
The
key
feature
of
open-‐end
schemes
is
liquidity.
2.
Close
-‐
Ended
Schemes:
These
schemes
have
a
pre-‐specified
maturity
period.
One
can
invest
directly
in
the
scheme
at
the
time
of
the
initial
issue.
Depending
on
the
structure
of
the
scheme
there
are
two
exit
options
available
to
an
investor
after
the
initial
offer
period
closes.
Investors
can
transact
(buy
or
sell)
the
units
of
the
scheme
on
the
stock
exchanges
where
they
are
listed.
The
market
price
at
the
stock
exchanges
could
vary
from
the
net
asset
value
(NAV)
of
the
scheme
on
account
of
demand
and
supply
situation,
expectations
of
unit
holder
and
other
market
factors.
Alternatively
some
close-‐ended
schemes
provide
an
additional
option
of
selling
the
units
directly
to
the
Mutual
Fund
through
periodic
repurchase
at
the
schemes
NAV;
however
one
cannot
buy
units
and
can
only
sell
units
during
the
liquidity
window.
SEBI
Regulations
ensure
that
at
least
one
of
the
two
exit
routes
is
provided
to
the
investor.
3.
Interval
Schemes:
Interval
Schemes
are
that
scheme,
which
combines
the
features
of
open-‐
ended
and
close-‐ended
schemes.
The
units
may
be
traded
on
the
stock
exchange
or
may
be
open
for
sale
or
redemption
during
pre-‐determined
intervals
at
NAV
related
prices.
The
risk
return
trade-‐off
indicates
that
if
investor
is
willing
to
take
higher
risk
then
correspondingly
he
can
expect
higher
returns
and
vise
versa
if
he
pertains
to
lower
risk
instruments,
which
would
be
satisfied
by
lower
returns.
For
example,
if
an
investors
opt
for
bank
FD,
which
provide
moderate
return
with
minimal
risk.
But
as
he
moves
ahead
to
invest
in
capital
protected
funds
and
the
profit-‐bonds
that
give
out
more
return
which
is
slightly
higher
as
compared
to
the
bank
deposits
but
the
risk
involved
also
increases
in
the
same
proportion.
Thus
investors
choose
mutual
funds
as
their
primary
means
of
investing,
as
Mutual
funds
provide
professional
management,
diversification,
convenience
and
liquidity.
That
doesn’t
mean
mutual
fund
investments
risk
free.
This
is
because
the
money
that
is
pooled
in
are
not
invested
only
in
debts
funds
which
are
less
riskier
but
are
also
invested
in
the
stock
markets
which
involves
a
higher
risk
but
can
expect
higher
returns.
Hedge
fund
involves
a
very
high
risk
since
it
is
mostly
traded
in
the
derivatives
market
which
is
considered
very
volatile.
Overview
of
existing
schemes
existed
in
mutual
fund
category:
BY
NATURE
1.
Equity
fund:
These
funds
invest
a
maximum
part
of
their
corpus
into
equities
holdings.
The
structure
of
the
fund
may
vary
different
for
different
schemes
and
the
fund
manager’s
outlook
on
different
stocks.
The
Equity
Funds
are
sub-‐classified
depending
upon
their
investment
objective,
as
follows:
Diversified
Equity
Funds
Mid-‐Cap
Funds
Sector
Specific
Funds
Tax
Savings
Funds
(ELSS)
Equity
investments
are
meant
for
a
longer
time
horizon,
thus
Equity
funds
rank
high
on
the
risk-‐return
matrix.
2.
Debt
funds:
The
objective
of
these
Funds
is
to
invest
in
debt
papers.
Government
authorities,
private
companies,
banks
and
financial
institutions
are
some
of
the
major
issuers
of
debt
papers.
By
investing
in
debt
instruments,
these
funds
ensure
low
risk
and
provide
stable
income
to
the
investors.
Debt
funds
are
further
classified
as:
Gilt
Funds:
Invest
their
corpus
in
securities
issued
by
Government,
popularly
known
as
Government
of
India
debt
papers.
These
Funds
carry
zero
Default
risk
but
are
associated
with
Interest
Rate
risk.
These
schemes
are
safer
as
they
invest
in
papers
backed
by
Government.
Gilt
Funds
at
a
glance
Gilts
are
government
securities.
Maturity
-‐
Medium
to
long
term.
Typically
of
over
one
year
(less
than
one-‐year
instruments
are
the
money
market
securities).
Gilts
invest
in
government
paper
called
dated
securities
(unlike
treasury
bills
that
mature
in
less
than
one
year).
Issuers
–
Government
of
India
or
State
Government.
Risk
–
Little
risk
of
default,
offer
better
protection
of
capital.
Gilt
securities
face
interest
rate
risk,
like
other
debt
securities.
Debt
securities
prices
is
having
inverse
relation
with
Interest
Rates.
Income
Funds:
Invest
a
major
portion
into
various
debt
instruments
such
as
bonds,
corporate
debentures
and
Government
securities.
MIPs:
Invests
maximum
of
their
total
corpus
in
debt
instruments
while
they
take
minimum
exposure
in
equities.
It
gets
benefit
of
both
equity
and
debt
market.
These
scheme
ranks
slightly
high
on
the
risk-‐return
matrix
when
compared
with
other
debt
schemes.
Short
Term
Plans
(STPs):
Meant
for
investment
horizon
for
three
to
six
months.
These
funds
primarily
invest
in
short
term
papers
like
Certificate
of
Deposits
(CDs)
and
Commercial
Papers
(CPs).
Some
portion
of
the
corpus
is
also
invested
in
corporate
debentures.
Liquid
Funds:
Also
known
as
Money
Market
Schemes,
These
funds
provides
easy
liquidity
and
preservation
of
capital.
These
schemes
invest
in
short-‐term
instruments
like
Treasury
Bills,
inter-‐bank
call
money
market,
CPs
and
CDs.
These
funds
are
meant
for
short-‐term
cash
management
of
corporate
houses
and
are
meant
for
an
investment
horizon
of
1day
to
3
months.
These
schemes
rank
low
on
risk-‐return
matrix
and
are
considered
to
be
the
safest
amongst
all
categories
of
mutual
funds.
3.
Balanced
funds:
As
the
name
suggest
they,
are
a
mix
of
both
equity
and
debt
funds.
They
invest
in
both
equities
and
fixed
income
securities,
which
are
in
line
with
pre-‐defined
investment
objective
of
the
scheme.
These
schemes
aim
to
provide
investors
with
the
best
of
both
the
worlds.
Equity
part
provides
growth
and
the
debt
part
provides
stability
in
returns.
Further
the
mutual
funds
can
be
broadly
classified
on
the
basis
of
investment
parameter
viz,
Each
category
of
funds
is
backed
by
an
investment
philosophy,
which
is
pre-‐defined
in
the
objectives
of
the
fund.
The
investor
can
align
his
own
investment
needs
with
the
funds
objective
and
invest
accordingly.
By
investment
objective:
•
Growth
Schemes:
Growth
Schemes
are
also
known
as
equity
schemes.
The
aim
of
these
schemes
is
to
provide
capital
appreciation
over
medium
to
long
term.
These
schemes
normally
invest
a
major
part
of
their
fund
in
equities
and
are
willing
to
bear
short-‐term
decline
in
value
for
possible
future
appreciation.
•
Income
Schemes:
Income
Schemes
are
also
known
as
debt
schemes.
The
aim
of
these
schemes
is
to
provide
regular
and
steady
income
to
investors.
These
schemes
generally
invest
in
fixed
income
securities
such
as
bonds
and
corporate
debentures.
Capital
appreciation
in
such
schemes
may
be
limited.
•
Balanced
Schemes:
Balanced
Schemes
aim
to
provide
both
growth
and
income
by
periodically
distributing
a
part
of
the
income
and
capital
gains
they
earn.
These
schemes
invest
in
both
shares
and
fixed
income
securities,
in
the
proportion
indicated
in
their
offer
documents
(normally
50:50).
•
Money
Market
Schemes:
Money
Market
Schemes
aim
to
provide
easy
liquidity,
preservation
of
capital
and
moderate
income.
These
schemes
generally
invest
in
safer,
short-‐term
instruments,
such
as
treasury
bills,
certificates
of
deposit,
commercial
paper
and
inter-‐bank
call
money.
Other
schemes
•
Tax
Saving
Schemes:
Tax-‐saving
schemes
offer
tax
rebates
to
the
investors
under
tax
laws
prescribed
from
time
to
time.
Under
Sec.88
of
the
Income
Tax
Act,
contributions
made
to
any
Equity
Linked
Savings
Scheme
(ELSS)
are
eligible
for
rebate.
•
Index
Schemes:
Index
schemes
attempt
to
replicate
the
performance
of
a
particular
index
such
as
the
BSE
Sensex
or
the
NSE
50.
The
portfolio
of
these
schemes
will
consist
of
only
those
stocks
that
constitute
the
index.
The
percentage
of
each
stock
to
the
total
holding
will
be
identical
to
the
stocks
index
weightage.
And
hence,
the
returns
from
such
schemes
would
be
more
or
less
equivalent
to
those
of
the
Index.
•
Sector
Specific
Schemes:
These
are
the
funds/schemes
which
invest
in
the
securities
of
only
those
sectors
or
industries
as
specified
in
the
offer
documents.
e.g.
Pharmaceuticals,
Software,
Fast
Moving
Consumer
Goods
(FMCG),
Petroleum
stocks,
etc.
The
returns
in
these
funds
are
dependent
on
the
performance
of
the
respective
sectors/industries.
While
these
funds
may
give
higher
returns,
they
are
more
risky
compared
to
diversified
funds.
Investors
need
to
keep
a
watch
on
the
performance
of
those
sectors/industries
and
must
exit
at
an
appropriate
time.
Concept
of
an
Exchange
Traded
Fund
(ETF)
ETF
is
a
mutual
fund
scheme,
which
combines
the
best
features
of
open
end
and
close
end
funds.
ETF’s
track
the
market
index
&
trades
like
a
single
stock
on
the
Stock
Exchange.
Its
pricing
is
linked
to
the
index
and
units
can
be
bought/sold
on
the
Stock
Exchange.
ETF
offers
investors
the
benefit
of
diversification
and
cost
efficiency
of
an
index.
What
are
Fixed
Term
Plans
?
•
Just
like
Bank
Fixed
Deposits,
FTPs
are
investments
that
run
for
a
pre-‐
determined
time
period.
These
are
mutual
funds
that
invest
in
bonds
•
issued
by
the
Govt.
of
India
or
reputed
companies
with
strong
ratings.
FTPs
provide
the
following
benefits
over
Fixed
Deposits:-‐
Higher
Rate
of
Return
compare
to
FD.
FTPs
are
tax
efficient
-‐-‐
investors
pay
a
maximum
of
22.66%
Tax.
Predictable
returns
with
low
risk.
Easy
Liquidity
-‐-‐
should
you
require
to
redeem
your
investment
any
time
before
the
maturity
period,
you
may
do
so
by
paying
the
applicable
Exit
Load
similar
to
the
Fixed
Deposit.
Someone
has
asked,
What's
the
difference
between
investment
in
shares(equity)
and
in
mutual
funds?
And
here's
my
elevator
explanation:
Shares(equity):
When
companies
look
for
money
for
their
business,
they
can
get
it
in
two
ways
-‐
either
they
borrow
from
a
bank
and
pay
interest
("debt")
or
they
ask
people
like
you
and
me
to
invest
and
give
us
shares
("equity").
A
share
is
a
part
of
a
business.
Then
let's
say
a
friend
named
ANUPAM
wants
to
buy
a
share
of
this
business
but
the
company
has
got
all
the
money
it
needs.
So
ANUPAM
asks
us
to
sell
our
shares
to
him,
at
a
higher
value
than
we
bought
it.
So
he
will
own
our
share
of
the
company,
but
he's
willing
to
pay
more
because
he
thinks
the
company
will
do
well.
Now
we
make
a
profit
and
then
ANUPAM
perhaps
sells
it
to
someone
else
at
even
higher
values
etc.
The
company
doesn't
really
get
affected
because
it
isn't
seeing
the
money,
but
the
share
price
goes
up
as
the
company
starts
doing
better,
and
as
more
people
begin
to
want
the
shares.
Why
does
the
share
price
go
up?
The
answer
is:
Perceived
value.
I
may
think
the
company
is
worth
1
crore,
but
someone
else
might
think
it's
worth
2
crores.
When
my
shares
reach
my
valuation
I
sell,
but
someone
else
will
think
it's
a
good
deal
and
buy.
To
organize
such
buying
and
selling,
there
are
commercial
"stock
exchanges".
BSE
and
NSE
are
some
of
them,
though
there
are
a
number
of
other,
smaller
exchanges
in
India.
An
exchange
provides
a
common
place
for
people
to
buy
or
sell
shares,
with
sales
happening
on
an
auction
basis
-‐
buyers
bid
for
shares
at
a
price
they
are
willing
to
pay,
and
sellers
"ask"
for
a
price
from
buyers.
Exchanges
match
these
prices
and
share
exchanges
happen
along
with
payments.
"Brokers"
facilitate
these
exchanges,
and
you
pay
them
a
fee
as
brokerage,
part
of
which
goes
to
the
stock
exchange
as
well.
Mutual
funds:
When
a
lot
of
shares
are
available
on
stock
exchanges,
you
and
me
don't
know
which
companies
to
invest
in.
But
let
us
say
a
guy
named
FUND
MANAGER
knows,
and
keeps
track
of
the
market
daily.
So
we
give
him
our
money
and
he
buys
and
sells
stocks
for
us.
This
is
a
mutual
fund
-‐
it's
our
money
(mutual),
and
a
Fund
Manager.
There
is
a
structure
to
this
in
India,
so
a
fund
manager
is
part
of
an
"asset
management
company
(AMC)".
To
protect
FUND
MANGER
from
running
away
with
our
money,
SEBI
has
some
rules
in
place,
and
there
are
"trustees"
for
every
fund.
With
this
structure
the
AMC
issues
"units"
to
us
for
the
money
we
have
invested,
and
tells
us
how
much
our
units
are
worth
daily
(NAV).
We
can
then
choose
to
exit
by
selling
our
units
back
to
the
AMC
("redemption").
Mutual
funds
are
not
just
restricted
to
shares.
They
are
mutual
investments,
therefore
they
can
be
anywhere.
The
common
ones
are
equity
(stocks
and
shares)
and
Debt.
Debt
markets
are
where
companies
borrow
money,
but
they
want
to
borrow
huge
sums
of
money
that
you
and
I
don't
have.
Therefore,
we
pool
in
our
money
(mutual
fund)
and
give
the
big
whole
lot
to
the
company
at
an
interest.
Even
the
government
borrows,
but
again,
only
large
sums
of
money.
Mutual
funds
can
invest
there
too.
Debt
is
traditionally
"safer"
than
equity
since
there
is
a
fixed
valuation
and
good
rating
mechanisms
to
curb
risk;
and
in
the
same
vein,
the
profits
(and
losses)
are
usually
much
lesser
than
equity.
Mutual
funds
can
also
invest
in
other
investment
avenues,
like
Gold,
Real
Estate,
Commodities
and
even
in
Windmills!
Of
course,
in
India
only
a
few
of
these
are
available.
Shares
are
a
part
of
a
business,
mutual
funds
are
cumulative
investment.
FREQUENTLY
USED
TERMS
•
Net
Asset
Value
(NAV)
Net
Asset
Value
is
the
market
value
of
the
assets
of
the
scheme
minus
its
liabilities.
The
per
unit
NAV
is
the
net
asset
value
of
the
scheme
divided
by
the
number
of
units
outstanding
on
the
Valuation
Date.
•
Sale
Price
Is
the
price
you
pay
when
you
invest
in
a
scheme.
Also
called
Offer
Price.
It
may
include
a
sales
load.
•
Repurchase
Price
Is
the
price
at
which
units
under
open-‐ended
schemes
are
repurchased
by
the
Mutual
Fund.
Such
prices
are
NAV
related.
•
Redemption
Price
Is
the
price
at
which
close-‐ended
schemes
redeem
their
units
on
maturity.
Such
prices
are
NAV
related.
•
Sales
Load
Is
a
charge
collected
by
a
scheme
when
it
sells
the
units.
Also
called,
‘Front-‐end’
load.
Schemes
that
do
not
charge
a
load
are
called
‘No
Load’
schemes.
Repurchase
or
‘Back-‐end’
Load
Is
a
charge
collected
by
a
scheme
when
it
buys
back
the
units
from
the
unit
holders
SIP-‐Invest
Smart,
Invest
Safe
Systematic
Investment
Plan
(SIP)
•
Spreads
investment
over
the
duration
of
SIP
in
small,
manageable
installments
•
Constant
presence
makes
sure
you
don’t
miss
out
on
any
opportunities
Benefits
of
SIP
Gives
you
a
lower
unit
cost
than
the
market
average
It
is
a
dynamic
way
to
invest
in
fluctuating
markets
Compounding
gives
you
greater
advantage
Additional
Benefits
Dividends
are
tax
free*
Your
portfolio
is
managed
by
expert
fund
managers
Gives
you
complete
transparency
by
way
of
disclosure
of
portfolio
every
month
You
earn
regularly,
You
spend
regularly,
Why
not
invest
regularly?
HOW
DOES
ITS
WORK?
Rupee
Cost
Averaging
Rupee
cost
averaging
–
generally
gives
you
a
lower
unit
cost
than
market
average
Investing
fixed
amounts
makes
sure
you
purchase
more
units
at
a
lower
price
and
less
at
a
higher
price
Illustration
-‐
Rupee
Cost
Averaging
Say
you
have
opted
for
Reliance
Systematic
Investment
Plan,
investing
Rs.
1000
every
month
from
March
2009
to
Feb
2010
in
a
diversified
equity
fund.
Now
check
the
average
purchase
cost
per
unit
of
your
investments.
It
would
be
lower
than
the
average
NAV
of
your
investment
over
12
months.
Date
NAV
(Rs.)
Units
Amount
(Rs.)
2/03/09
190.47
5.25
1000.00
13/04/09
233.32
4.29
1000.00
11/05/09
252.50
3.96
1000.00
10/06/09
339.27
2.95
1000.00
10/07/09
307.21
3.26
1000.00
10/08/09
343.02
2.92
1000.00
10/09/09
375.56
2.66
1000.00
12/10/09
392.46
2.55
1000.00
10/11/09
392.76
2.55
1000.00
10/12/09
416.48
2.40
1000.00
11/01/10
439.79
2.27
1000.00
10/02/10
412.21
2.43
1000.00
Total
4095.04
37.47
12000.00
Average
Cost
=
Total
Cash
Outflow
/
Total
Number
of
units
=
Rs.
12000/
37.47
=
Rs.
320.24
Average
Price
=
sum
of
all
NAVs
at
which
you
have
invested/Number
of
months
of
investment
=
Rs.
4095.04/12
=
Rs.
341.25
Average
Cost
<
Average
Price
Note:
The
above
table
considers
the
actual
NAV
of
Reliance
Growth
Fund
to
explain
the
concept
of
Rupee
Cost
Averaging.
The
NAV
do
not
in
any
manner
indicate
the
future
NAVs
of
the
any
of
the
schemes
of
Reliance
Mutual
Fund.
Past
performance
may
or
may
not
be
sustained
in
future
What
is
Systematic
Transfer
Plan
(STP)
Imagine
a
scenario
when
you
want
to
invest
a
big
lump
sum
amount
in
stock
market
?
As
markets
are
volatile
and
can
go
up
or
down
very
soon
,
there
is
always
risk
of
loosing
a
big
chunk
of
your
investment
(Learn
about
Stock
Markets)
.
Take
a
case
where
you
want
to
invest
10
lakhs
in
Equity
Mutual
funds
and
suddenly
market
crashes
for
next
2
months,
In
this
case
a
big
chunk
of
your
investment
will
be
lost,
on
the
other
hand
if
market
moves
up
pretty
fast,
you
can
make
a
good
profit.
Here
you
have
to
decide
your
main
focus.
If
it’s
minimizing
risk
and
getting
good
decent
returns
in
long-‐term,
You
should
use
something
called
Systematic
Transfer
Plan
(STP).
What
is
STP
(Systematic
Transfer
Plan)
You
should
first
understand
SIP.
SIP
is
way
of
investing
in
Mutual
funds
monthly,
where
a
fixed
amount
of
money
goes
from
your
Bank
Account
to
Mutual
funds,
so
if
you
do
a
SIP
of
1,000
for
1
year,
it
means
that
every
month
on
a
fixed
date
(chosen
by
you)
1,000
will
be
invested
in
a
Fixed
Mutual
fund
you
choose.
Lets
understand
STP
now,
In
STP
we
invest
a
lump
sum
amount
in
some
Mutual
Fund
and
then
a
fixed
sum
is
transferred
from
that
mutual
fund
to
another
mutual
fund
.
For
Example
:
If
you
have
Rs
6
lakhs
lump
sum
to
invest
and
you
want
to
invest
in
HDFC
Top
200
,
The
steps
you
will
have
to
follow
are
:
1.
Choose
a
good
Debt
fund
or
Floating
Rate
Mutual
Fund
from
HDFC
,
which
allows
STP
to
HDFC
Top
200
.
2.
Invest
all
the
money
in
the
Debt
Fund
.
3.
Now
you
can
start
a
10k/20k/30k
per
month
STP
from
HDFC
Debt
fund
to
HDFC
Top
200
.
Why
and
When
to
use
STP
When
will
it
work
:
STP
will
make
sense
from
DEBT
-‐>
EQUITY
when
markets
are
very
volatile
and
you
don’t
want
to
take
risk
with
your
money
in
a
short
span
of
time,
If
you
invest
through
STP
in
markets
and
markets
fall
or
have
lots
of
volatile
moves,
then
this
situation
will
be
better
than
the
one
time
investment
option.
This
is
still
better
than
putting
money
in
Bank
and
doing
a
SIP,
because
at
least
you
money
is
earning
some
returns
on
debt
part
in
STP.
When
will
it
not
work
:
Incase
markets
are
already
at
the
end
of
a
Bear
market
and
markets
can
start
to
move
up
anytime,
in
that
case
STP
will
not
deliver
the
best
returns
like
SIP,
one
time
investment
is
a
good
choice
in
that
case.
But
then
you
never
know
that
when
will
markets
start
go
up.
Given
that
a
retail
investor
does
not
have
all
the
tools
and
time
to
research
the
markets,
it’s
not
advisable
to
invest
lump
sum
in
any
case.
It’s
better
to
get
4-‐5%
less
returns
than
to
see
a
huge
downside
of
your
money
in
short
time,
Smart
investors
think
about
returns,
Smartest
one’s
take
care
of
risk
first.
Understand
How
to
time
markets
using
Nifty
PE
analysis
Difference
between
SIP,
STP
and
SWP
•
SIP
:
The
way
SIP
works
that
your
money
is
in
your
Bank
Account
and
every
month
a
fixed
sum
is
taken
away
from
your
Bank
and
invested
in
a
Mutual
fund
.
•
STP
:
The
way
STP
works
is,
all
your
money
is
actually
invested
in
a
Mutual
funds
itself
(probably
Debt)
and
units
are
sold
every
month
and
its
invested
in
another
Mutual
fund
(probably
Equity)
or
vice
versa
.
•
SWP
:
However
If
you
redeem
your
units
in
mutual
funds
every
month
and
get
it
deposited
in
your
Bank
accounts
,
it’s
called
SWP
(systematic
Withdrawal
Plan)
,
which
is
recommended
to
liquidate
your
mutual
funds
corpus
after
you
see
a
good
bull
market
to
protect
your
investment
.
4
advantages
of
STP
STP
has
4
advantages
and
works
in
4
ways
for
you
.
They
are
:
Works
as
SIP
:
You
can
invest
in
a
Debt
funds
and
from
there
you
can
start
a
STP
to
an
Equity
Fund
,
so
it
works
like
a
systematic
Investment
Plan
(SIP)
.
Works
as
SWP
:
So
STP
can
also
work
like
SWP,
because
with
some
funds
you
can
do
transfer
from
Equity
funds
to
Debt
Funds,
so
when
markets
look
risky
to
you,
you
can
start
a
STP
from
Equity
-‐>
Debt
funds,
which
will
act
like
SWP
.
Liquidity
:
Generally
one
does
STP
from
Debt
-‐>
Equity
funds,
so
your
money
is
invested
in
Debt
fund.
This
means
you
can
sell
it
anytime
if
you
want.
Hence
it
works
like
a
Emergency
Fund
also.
Incase
you
need
money
urgently,
it
can
act
like
a
liquid
asset
(at
least
for
the
time
being
in
the
start
when
you
have
more
money
in
Debt
fund)
Growth
in
Money
:
Not
to
forget
that
your
money
is
invested
in
Debt
funds,
so
your
money
is
also
growing
at
debt
returns
,
at
least
the
part
which
is
lying
in
the
debt
funds
.
Some
Helpful
Tips
•
Invest
in
ELSS
,
If
you
want
to
invest
in
ELSS
schemes
and
have
lump
sum
money
,
better
put
it
in
a
debt
funds
and
do
a
STP
.
•
Rebalance
your
portfolio,
Use
STP
as
a
tool
to
rebalance
your
asset
allocation,
when
your
equity
part
goes
up
,
start
STP
from
Equity-‐Debt
for
6
months
or
1
yr,
and
bump
up
your
debt
part
and
if
your
Debt
part
goes
up,
do
Debt
-‐>
Equity
STP
.
Power
of
Asset
Allocation
and
Portfolio
Rebalancing
•
Take
advantage
of
market
condition
,
If
markets
have
gone
too
high
now
and
every
other
person
on
the
road
is
talking
about
Stock
and
stock
markets
are
more
famous
than
“Saas
Bahu”
Serials,
immediately
start
your
STP
from
Equity
to
Debt
(literally
Rush)
.
On
the
other
hand
when
markets
are
deep
down
and
“Why
don’t
you
buy
stocks”
is
feels
abusive
and
everyone
face
looks
like
some
body
has
died
at
home
when
you
mentions
stock
markets,
know
that
it’s
a
time
to
start
a
STP
from
your
Debt
–
>
Equity
(Literally
rush
again)
.
You
don’t
need
to
see
any
indicators
to
predict
the
markets,
the
two
real
life
scenarios
I
have
described
here
are
enough,
try
to
remember
markets
around
2007
End(bull
market)
and
Jan
2009
(markets
lowest
point)
.
STP
can
be
used
as
switching
mechanism
in
ULIP
,
though
it’s
very
restrictive
and
with
less
choices
.
•
Using
STP
when
an
important
goal
is
near,
If
you
are
saving
for
some
important
goal
like
Child
Education
,
Buying
Home
or
Retirement
and
your
goal
is
approaching
near
by
,
don’t
wait
till
target
date
,
you
don’t
want
to
see
your
Money
dip
by
40-‐50%
within
6
months
or
so
if
markets
suddenly
crash
,
start
moving
your
money
out
of
equity
and
transfer
it
to
Debt
now
through
STP
.
Two
types
of
STP
There
are
two
types
of
STP
plans
,
Fixed
and
Capital
Appreciation.
In
Fixed
Plan
means
a
fixed
sum
will
be
transferred
to
the
target
mutual
funds
,
on
the
other
hand
in
Capital
Appreciation
,
only
the
amount
of
capital
which
is
appreciated
gets
transferred
,
that
was
the
original
lump
sum
amount
invested
in
the
start
is
protected
.
Capital
Appreciation
choice
is
only
with
Growth
Plan
and
not
dividend
plan
.
Here
is
the
list
of
all
the
STP
Plans
as
of
now.
STP
Information
View
more
presentations
from
The
Financial
Literates.
Important
Points
Typically,
a
minimum
of
six
such
transfers
are
to
be
agreed
on
by
investors
in
STP
,
just
like
SIP
Generally
most
of
the
mutual
funds
allow
Debt
-‐>
Equity
STP
and
not
reverse
,
Only
handful
of
Mutual
Funds
like
Kotak
allows
it
.
STP
is
a
facility
for
convenience
,
when
the
transfer
happens
from
one
mutual
funds
to
another
its
still
considered
as
selling
of
mutual
funds
and
then
buying
another
one
,
so
tax
rules
applies
in
the
same
way
.
Most
of
the
funds
allow
only
Monthly
and
Quarterly
STP
,
some
allow
weekly
and
fortnightly
also
.
There
can
be
some
minimum
amount
requirement
for
starting
an
STP
like
say
at
least
1,00,000
needs
to
be
invested
in
Debt
funds
to
start
a
STP
to
Equity
.
Some
restriction
like
this
will
be
there
.
There
can
be
additional
Switching
Charges
for
availing
STP
facility
Entry
load
and
Entry
load
may
still
apply
while
buying
and
selling
of
mutual
funds
through
STP.
Securities
Transaction
Tax
@
0.25%
will
be
deducted
on
equity
oriented
funds
at
the
time
of
redemption
or
switch
to
another
scheme
in
STP
.
Systematic
Withdrawal
Plan
One
can
plan
regular
monthly
incomes
through
the
Systematic
Withdrawal
Plans.
As
per
your
requirement,
you
can
choose
to
withdraw
monthly
as
well
as
on
quarterly
basis.
One
usually
opts
for
this
plan
to
get
a
regular
income
after
retirement
to
maintain
cash-‐flow.
The
SWP
system
works
where
you
want
to
withdraw
a
fixed
amount
of
money
monthly
or
quarterly
from
your
mutual
funds
to
your
bank
account.
It
is
exactly
opposite
of
SIP.
Each
opportunity
has
its
own
benefits.
As
per
one’s
objective
and
circumstances,
one
can
choose
the
best
option
and
get
the
best
out
of
their
earning
to
build
their
dreams
better.