INEQUATIONS 1

UNIT

 Theory

 Drill

 Solved Examples

 Exercises

 Single Correct Type Questions

 Answer Key
 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

Linear Inequality :
Some important facts ; for real and positive numbers a, b, c, d
(i) If a > b, b > c  a > c
(ii) If a > b, c > d  a - d > b - c
(iii) If a > b and k > 0, then ka > kb.
(iv) If a > b and k < 0, then ka < kb.
Linear Inequation in One Variable
Ex.1 Solve 5x < 24 when (i) x  N, (ii) x  I . In each case, represent the solution set on
the number line.

24
Sol. 5x < 24  x   x < 4.8
5
(i) Solution set = { x  N : x  4.8}
= {1, 2, 3, 4}
On the number line, we may represent it as shown below.

The darkened circles indicate the natural numbers contained in the set
(ii) Solution set = { x  I : x  4.8}
= {4, 3, 2, 1, 0, –1, –2, –3, .....}
= {....., –3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4}
On the number line, we may represenrt it as shown below.

The darkened circles show the intergers contained in the set and three dark dots
above the left part of the line show that the negative integers are continued
indefinitely.

m
Ex.2 If IQ of a person is given by the formula i   100 , where m is mental age and c is
c
chronological age. If 80  i  140 for a group of 12 year children, find the range of
their mental age.

m 25
Sol. When c = 12, we have i   100 = m
c 3

25m 240 420

since 80  i  140  80   140  m  9.6  m  16.8
3 25 25
Ex.3 A manufacturer has 600 litres of a 12% solution of acid. How many litres of a 30%
acid solution must be added to it so that acid content in the resulting mixture will
be more than 15% but less than 18%?
Sol. Let x litres of 30% acid solution is required to be added. Then
Total mixture = (x + 600) litres
Therefore 30% x + 12% of 600 > 15% of (x + 600)
and 30% x + 12% of 600 < 18% of (x + 600)

30x 12 15
or  (600)  (x  600)
100 100 100

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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

30x 12 18
and  (600)  (x  600)
100 100 100
or 30x + 7200 > 15x + 9000
and 30x + 7200 < 18x + 10800
or 15x > 1800 and 12x < 3600
or x > 120 and x < 300, i.e. 120 < x < 300
Thus, the number of litres of the 30% solution of acid will have to be more than 120
litres but less than 300 litres.
Ex.4 Shade the solution set of the inequation 3x + 2y  6.
Sol. Write the given inequation as equation 3x + 2y = 6.
This meets the x- axis where y = 0
 3x = 6  x = 2
 Point is A (2, 0).
Similarly it meets the

y - axis at B (0, 3). Join these points by

a thick line. Consider (0, 0) clearly (0, 0)
satisfies the inequation
3x + 2y  6
Hence the shaded portion containing (0, 0)
represents the solution set.
DRILL - I
Solve each of the following inequations and represent the solution set on the number
line.
1. 15x  73 , when (i) x  N , (ii) x  Z 2. 5x + 4 < x – 5, when x  Z

5x  8 4x  7 5x 4x  1
3.  , x R 4.   1, x  R
3 2 4 3

12  1
5.  x  1  (x  2), x  R 6. 5x  11  7x  5  9, x  R
43  3

6  5x 4x
7. 2   7, x  R 8. 3x  2  x   3, x  R
4 3
9. The water acidity in a pool is considered normal when the average pH reading of
three daily measurements is between 7.1 and 7.8. If the first two pH readings are
7.45 and 7.75, find the range of pH value for the third reading that will result in,
the acidity level being normal.
10. While drilling a hole in the earth, it was found that the temperature (T°C) at x km
below the surface of the earth was given by
T = 30 + 25(x – 3), when 3  x  15
Between which depths will the temperature be between 200° and 300°C ?
11. A solution of 8% boric acid is to be diluted by adding a 2% boric acid solution to it.
The resulting mixture is to be more than 4% but less than 6% boric acid. If we have
640 litres of the 8% solution, how many litres of the 2% solution will have to be
added?

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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

12. How many litres of water will have to be added to 1125 litres of the 45% solution of
acid so that the resulting mixture will contain more than 25% but less than 30%
acid content?
Linear Inequation in Two Variables
Ex.5 Solve the following simultaneous linear inequations :
x  2y  10, x  y  6, x  4, x  0 and y  0
Sol. First we draw the graph of x  2y  10
Consider the line x + 2y = 10
The values of (x, y) satisfying x + 2y = 10 are :
x 4 2
y 3 4
Plot the points A(4, 3) and B(2, 4) on a graph paper and join them by the thick line
AB.
Consider the point (0, 0). Clearly, it does not lie on x + 2y = 10.
Clearly, (0, 0) satisfies x + 2y  10.
Thus, the line AB and the part of the plane separated by AB, containing (0, 0),
represent the solution set of x + 2y  10.
Next, we draw the graph of x + y  6.
Consider the line x + y = 6
The value of (x, y) satisfying x + y = 6 are

x 3 4
y 3 2

Plot the points C(3, 3) and D(4, 2) on the same graph paper as above and join them
by the thick line CD.
Consider the point (0, 0). Clearly, it does not lie on x + y = 6. Clearly, (0, 0) satisfied
x  y  6.
Therefore, the line CD and the part of the plane separated by the line CD, containing
(0, 0), represent the solution set of x  y  6 .
Next, we draw the graph of x  4
x = 4 is the line EF drawn parallel to the y-axis passing thorugh the point E(4, 0).
Clearly, (0, 0), satisfies the inequation x  4 .
Thus, the line EF and the part of the plane separated by EF, containing (0, 0), give
the solution set of x  4 .
x  0 is represented by the y-axis and
the plane on its right side.
y  0 is represented by the x-axis and
the plane above the x-axis.

The intersection of all these planes is the shaded part, which together with its
boundary, represents the solution of the given systm of inequations.

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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

DRILL - II
Solve the following inequalities in one variable graphically in two-dimensional plane:
1. xy5 2. 2x  y  6 3. 3x  4y  12

4. y  8  2x 5. x  y  2 6. 2x  3y  6

7. 3x  2y  6 8. 3y  5x  30 9. y  2
10. x  3 .
Solve the following inequalities in two variables graphically in two-dimensional plane:
11. 2x  y  1, x  2y  1 12. x  y  6, x  y  4

13. 2x  y  8, x  2y  10 14. x  y  9, y  x, x  0

15. 5x  4y  20, x  1, y  2 16. 3x  4y  60, x  3y  30, x  0, y  0

17. 2x  y  4, x  y  3, 2x  3y  6 18. x  2y  3, 3x  4y  12, x  0, y  1

Quadratic Inequality :
Step 1 : Express the quadratic inequation ax2 + bx + c whose roots are  and  in

the form  x    x    , where    and a > 0.

Step 2 : On the number line, the numbers  and  must be arranged in order of
increasing magnitude, then place the plus sign in the interval to the right of the
largest number (i.e.,  ). In the next interval (from right to left) place the minus
sign, then in the next interval plus sign, etc.
The solution of the inequality, i.e., ax 2 + bx + c  0 will then consists of the
intervals having the plus sign.
+ – + 
 

The solution of the inequality, i.e., ax 2 + bx + c < 0 will then consists of the
intervals having the minus sign.

+ – + 
 

Thus, if  x    x     0 , then x lies outside the interval  ,  , i.e.,

x   ,    ,  

 

If  x    x     0 , then x lies on and outside the interval  ,    ,  

 

If  x    x     0 , then x lies inside the interval  ,   , i.e., x   ,  

 

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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

If  x    x     0 , then x lies inside the interval  ,  , i.e., x  , 

 

Ex.6 Solve x2 - 3x + 2 > 0 for real x.

Sol. 1st Method : x2 - 3x + 2 > 0
 (x - 2)(x - 1) > 0

 x   ,1   2,   
2nd Method : x2 - 3x + 2 > 0  (x - 2)(x - 1) > 0
Case (i) : x - 2 > 0 and x - 1 > 0
 x > 2 and x > 1
 x>2
Case (i) : x - 2 < 0 and x - 1 < 0
 x < 2 and x < 1
x < 1
Final solution becomes union of solutions of both the cases,

therefore x   ,1   2,   
Ex.7 Solve 6 + x - x2  0 for real x.
Sol. 6 + x - x2  0  -( x2 - x - 6)  0
 x2 - x - 6  0
 (x - 3)(x + 2)  0
 x  [2, 3]
Ex.8 Find values of x satisfying x2 - 6x + 5 < 0 and x2 - 5x + 6 > 0.
Sol. We have x2 - 6x + 5 < 0 and x2 - 5x + 6 > 0
 (x - 5)(x - 1) < 0 and (x - 3)(x - 2) > 0

 x  (1, 5) and x   , 2   3,   

now intersection of both the sets

x  1, 2   3, 5 

Rational Ineqalities:
If P(x) and Q(x) are polynomials in x, then the inequations

P x  P x P x
 0,  0 and  0 are known as rational algebraic inequations. To
Qx Qx  Q x 
solve these inequations we use the sign method as explained in the following
algorithm.
Step 1 : Obtain P(x) and Q(x).
Step 2 : Factorise P(x) and Q(x) into linear factors.
Step 3 : Make the coefficient of x positive in all factors.
Step 4 : Obtain critical points by equating all factors to zero.

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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

Step 5 : Plot the critical points on the number line. If there are n critical
points, they divide the number line into (n + 1) regions.

P x
Step 6 : In the right most region the expression Q x bears positive
 
sign and in other regions the expression bears alternate positive and negative signs.

x4
Ex.9 Solve  0 and draw the graph of the solution set.
x2

a
Sol. Note that  0 when (a > 0 and b > 0) or (a < 0 and b < 0)
b
 either (x + 4 > 0 and x – 2 > 0) or (x + 4 < 0 and x – 2 < 0)
Case I : When x + 4 > 0 and x – 2 > 0
In this case, we have x > –4 and x > 2
 x>2
Case II : When x + 4 < 0 and x – 2 < 0
In this case, we have x < –4 and x < 2
 x < –4
Thus, the solution is x < –4 or x > 2
 solution set = { x  R : x  4}  { x  R : x  2}
= ]  ,  4[]2, [
The graph of the solution set is given below.

5
Ex.10 Solve  3 and represent the solution set on the number line.
x 2

5 5
Sol. 3  3  0
x 2 x 2

5  3x  6 11  3x
 0  0
x2 x 2
 either (11 – 3x > 0 and x – 2 > 0) or (11 – 3x < 0 and x – 2 < 0)
Case I : When 11 – 3x > 0 and x – 2 > 0
Now, 11 – 3x > 0 and x – 2 > 0

11
 –3x > –11 and x > 2  x  and x > 2
3

11
 2<x< ......(i)
3
Case II : When 11 – 3x < 0 and x – 2 < 0
Now, 11 – 3x < 0 and x – 2 < 0
 –3x < –11 and x < 2
11
 x> and x < 2
3

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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

11
This is not possible, as we cannot find a real number which is greater than and
3
less than 2.

11 11
 solution set = { x  R : 2  x  } ]2, [
3 3
We can represent this set on the number line, as given below.

 x  3  x  2 x  5 
Ex.11 Let f  x  
 x  1 x  7 
Find intervals, where f(x) is positive or negative.

f x 
 x   5    x   2   x  3
Sol.
 x   1  x  7
f  x   0 x   5, 2   1,3    7,  

f  x   0   , 5    2, 1   3,7 

8x 2  16x  51
Ex.12 Solve for x 3
 2x  3  x  4 
8x 2  16x  51
Sol. 3
 2x  3  x  4 
8x 2  16x  51  3  2x  3  x  4 
 >0
 2x  3  x  4

2x 2  x  15
0
 2x  5  x  3   0
 2x  3 x  4   2x  3 x  4
The solution from the number line is

 3 5 
x   , 4   3,    ,  
 2  2 

x 2  4x  3
Ex.13 Find the values of x for which 0
x2  x  1

Sol. Let f(x)  x 2  4x  3 and g(x)  x 2  x  1

Now in g(x) the coefficient of x2 is positive and D < 0  g(x) is positive  x

f(x)
Hence, g(x)  0  f(x) < 0

 x 2  4x  3  0  (x  1)(x  3)  0
1 x  3

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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

DRILL - III
Find the values of x
2
( x  1)( x  2)
1. (x – 1)(3 – x) (x – 2) > 0. 2
2.  0.
1 x

1  3x 2 x 1
 1.
3. 2
 0. 4. 2
2 x  21x  40 ( x  1)

2 x 2  3x  459 x  7 3x  1
5.  1. 6.   0.
x 2 1 x 5 2

1 3 (2  x 2 )(x  3)3
7.  . 8.  0.
x 2 x 3 (x  1)(x 2  3x  4)

x 4  3x 3  2x 2 2(x  3)

1
.
9.  0. 10.
x 2  x  30 x(x  6) x  1

1 1 1 2x  3
11.   . 12. 0
x  2 x 1 x 3x  7

x 2  5 x  12 x 2  5x  6
13. >3 14. <0
x 2  4x  5 x2  x 1

( x  1) 2 ( x  1) 3 x 1 x  5
15. <0 16. 
4 x 1 x  1
x (x  2)

2( x  4 )

1 x 2  4x  4
17. 18. >0
( x  1)( x  7 ) x  2 2x 2  x  1
Modulus/Absolute value y

y = |x| =  x
x
x0
x0

Graph is symmetric about y-aixs

 O x
Domain = R
Range = [0,  )
Ex.14 If f(x) = 2|x – 2| – 3|x – 3|, then find the value of f(x) when 2 < x < 3.
Sol. 2< x< 3  |x – 2| = x – 2
|x – 3| = 3 – x
 f(x) = 2 (x – 2) – 3 (3 – x) = 5x – 13.
Ex.15 Find the number of real solutions of the equation |x|2 – 3|x| + 2 = 0.
Sol . 1st Method : Given |x|2 – 3|x| + 2 = 0
Here we consider two cases viz. x < 0 and x > 0
Case I : x < 0. This gives x2 + 3x + 2 =0
 (x  2)(x  1)  0  x  2,  1
Also x = –1, –2 satisfy x < 0 so x = –1, –2 is solution in this case.
Case II : x > 0. This gives x2 – 3x + 2 = 0
 (x – 2)(x – 1) = 0  x = 2, 1, so 2 , 1 is solution in this case.

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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

2nd Method : |x|2 3|x| 2  0

 (|x| 1)(|x| 2)  0

 |x| = 1 and |x| 2  x  1, x  2
Hence 4 real solutions are there.

1
Ex.16 Solve |3x  2| , x R
2
Sol. We have either 3x  2  0 or 3x – 2 < 0
Case I When 3x  2  0

2
In this case, 3x  2  0  x 
3
Also, |3x  2| 3x  2 [ 3x  2  0]
 the given inequation becomes

1 5 5
3x  2   3x  x
2 2 6

2 5
 x
3 6
Case II : When 3x – 2 < 0

2
In this case, 3x – 2 < 0  x 
3
Also, |3x – 2| = –(3x – 2) = 2 – 3x [ 3x – 2 < 0]
 the given inequation becomes

1 3 1 1
2  3x   3x   x    x.
2 2 2 2

1 2
 x
2 3

1 2 2 5
Thus, the solution is   x   or   x  
2 3 3 6

 1 2  2 5
 solution set = x  R :  x     x  R :  x  
 2 3  3 6

 x 2  4x  5
Ex.17 Solve 
 x  1  3

Sol. x 2  4x  5

 – 5 < x2 – 4x < 5
 x2 – 4x + 5 > 0 or x2 – 4x - 5 < 0
 x  (–1, 5) . . . (i)
and x  1  3

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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

 3  x  1  3  4  x  2
 x   4, 2  . . . (ii)

From (i) and (ii)  x   1, 2  .

x 2  7 x  10
Ex.18 Solve 0
x 2  6x  9
2
x  7 x  10
Sol. 0
x 2  6x  9

 x  5  x  2  0 + – + – – +
 2
–5
 x  3 –2 2 3 5

 x   5,  2   2, 3    3, 5  .

DRILL - IV
Solve the following inequalitites
1. |x + 2 | = 2(3 – x) 2. |x – 3| + 2 |x + 1| = 4
3. |x|-|x - 2|= 2 4. |x – 1| + |x – 2| + | x – 3 |  6
5. |5 – 2x| < 1 6. |x – 2|  |x + 4|
7. |x2 – 4x| < 5 8. x2 - |x| - 2  0
9. |x2 + x| - 5 < 0 10. |x2 – 2x| < x
11. |x2 – 2x - 3| < 3x – 3

SOLVED EXAMPLES

Ex.1 Let u = 10x3 – 13x2 + 7x and v = 11x3 – 15x2 – 3.

du dv
Find the integral values of x satisfying the inequality,  .
dx dx

du
Sol. = 30x2 – 26x + 7
dx

dv du dv
= 33x2 – 30x  
dx dx dx
30x2 – 26x + 7 > 33x2 – 30x
3x2 – 4x – 7 < 0
(x + 1)(3x – 7) < 0
integral solution set is x  {0, 1, 2}
Ex.2 Find the value of k for which the graph of the quadratic polynomial
P (x) = x2 + (2x + 3)k + 4(x + 2) + 3k – 5 intersects the axis of x at two distinct points.
Sol. P (x) = x2 + 2(k + 2)x + 3(2k + 1)
for distinct zeros, D > 0

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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

4(k + 2)2 – 4 · 3(2K + 1) > 0

(k2 + 4k + 4) – (6k + 3) > 0
k2 – 2k + 1 > 0
(k – 1)2 > 0 which is always true except at k = 1
when it touches the axis of x.
Hence k = R – {1}

x 2  ax  2
Ex.3 Find all values of 'a' for which lies between –3 and 2 for all real values of x.
x2  x  1

x 2  ax  2
Sol. –3< <2
x2  x 1
 – 3x2 – 3x – 3 < x2 – ax – 2 < 2x2 + 2x + 2  x R
x2 + x(a + 2) + 4 > 0  (a + 6) (a – 2) < 0 ....(1)
and 4x2 + x(3 – a) + 1 > 0
(3 – a)2 – 16 < 0  (a + 1) (a – 7) < 0 ....(2)
from (1) and (2) a  ( 1, 2) .

Ex.4 Find the value of x satisfying the equation x 2  x  4  2  3 = x2 + x – 12.

Sol. x 2  x  4  2  3 = x2 + x – 12

x 2  x  2  3 = x2 + x – 12

x 2  x  1 = x2 + x – 12
2x = 11  x = 11/2

3| x | 2
Ex.5 Find the solution set of the inequality  2.
| x | 1
Sol. Let |x| = y (note |x|  1)

3y  2 3y  2
 2 . Hence  2 ....(1)
y 1 y 1

3y  2
or   2 ....(2)
y 1
3y  2
From (1)  2 0
y 1
3y  2  2 y  2 y
 0   0  y  (  ,0]  (1,  )
y 1 y 1
Hence |x|  (1,  )  x  (–  , –1)  (1,  ) ....(3)

3y  2 5y  4
From (2) 2  0  0
y 1 y 1
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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

4  4 
 y   , 1   | x |  , 1 
5  5 

 4  4 
 x    1,     , 1 ....(4)
 5  5 
For (3) & (4) together with the fact that x = 0 is the obv. solution as equality holds
hence

 4 4 
x  (  ,  1)    1,    {0}   ,1  (1, )
 5 5 

EXERCISES
SINGLE CORRECT TYPE QUESTIONS
Linear Inequation
1. Which of the following linear inequations represents the above graph?

(a) x>2 (b) x  2 (c) x < 2 (d) x  2

2. Graph of y  2 is _______.

(a) (b)

(c) (d)

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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

3. Which of the following inequations best describes the following graph?

Y-axis
x=2

y=3
3
2
1
X-axis
0 1 2

(a) x  2, y  3 (b) x < 2 ; y < 3

(c) x  2; y  3; x  0, y  0 (d) x < 2; y < 3; x > 0 ; y > 0
4. If a and b are two real numbers such that a > b and k is a non-zero number, then
for what values of k is ka > kb?
(a) All real values of k (b) All positive real values of k.
(c) All negative values of k. (d) All positive integral values of k.
5. The solution set of which of the following inequations is an empty set?
(a) x + y  3, x + y  2 (b) x + y  5, x + y  5
(c) x + y  5, x + y  3 (d) x + y  2, x + y>2
6. The solution set formed by the inequations x  0, y  0 and 3x – 4y  12 is a/an
(a) finite set (b) singleton set
(c) infinite set (d) null set
7. The region formed by the inequation 3x – 8y< –5 is ______.
(a) does not contain the origin (b) contains the origin
(c) can’t say (d) none of the above
8. The point (–2, –2) does not belong to which of the following regions?
(a) 3x – 6y – 7  0 (b) 7x + 4y + 28  0
(c) x  2 (d) 2x – y  4
9. A shop keeper sells not more than 45 bottles of pepsi and atleast 50 bottles of
sprite. The total number of both kinds cannot exceed 150. Frame the inequations
for the above data.
(a) y  50, x  45, x + y  150 (b) x + y  150, 45  x  50, y  50
(c) x  45, 45  y  50, x + y  150 (d) None of these
10. If x  {0, 1, 2, 3, 5 7, 9, 11}, the solution set of 25 – 3(4x – 1) < 4 is
(a) {0, 1} (b) {0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11}
(c) {3, 5, 7, 9, 11} (d) {2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11}
11. The least integral value of x that satisfies 2x + 4 + 3(x – 5) > 7 is
(a) 3 (b) 4 (c) 5 (d) 6
12. The solution set of 2x – 3 < x + 2  3x + 5, x  R is

3 3
(a) {x :  x < 5, x  R} (b) {x : < x < 5, x  R}
2 2

3 3
(c) {x :  x < 5, x  R} (d) {x : < x < 5, x  R}
2 2
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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

4x  3
13. The least value of x which satisfies the inequation 3   3 is
5
(a) –2 (b) –3 (c) –4 (d) 0

15 1
14. The solution set of (3x – )  (3x – 30) is.
2 2
(a) {x/x < 5} (b) {x/x  –5} (c) {x/x > 5} (d) {x/x  –5}
15. The solution set of 3(–7x + 2)  5 [3x + 2 (x – 11)] is

 58    58   58 
(a) x / x   (b)  x / x   (c) x / x   (d) None of these
 23   23   23

7 x
16. The solution set of 2x – 1  x + > 2 is
3
5 1
(a) {x : x  , x  R} (b) {x : x > , x  R}
2 2
(c) {x : x  5 / 2, x  R } (d) None of these

17. The cardinal number of the integral solution set formed by the inequations x  0,
7x + 4y  28 and y  0 is
(a) 16 (b) 21 (c) 18 (d) 17
18. The solution set formed by the inequations x + y  5 and x + y  7 in the first
quadrant represents a
(a) triangle (b) rectangle (c) trapezium (d) rhombus
19. The common solution set of the inequations 3  4x + 3  5 and 5  3x + 7  8 is

1 1 2 1 2 1
(a) 0  x  (b) 0  x  (c)  x  (d)  x 
2 3 3 3 3 2
20. If x, y and z are three non-zero numbers such that x + y  z – x, y + z  x – y and
z + x  y –z, the maximum value of x + y + z is
(a) 0 (b) –1 (c) 1 (d) None of these
21. The length of a rectangle is twice that of its breadth. The perimeter of the rectangle
cannot exceed 48m. Find the dimensions of the rectangle if its area is the maximum
(in metres).
(a) 24, 12 (b) 20, 10 (c) 16, 8 (d) 7, 9

Quadratic/Rational Inequality
1. The solution set of x2 – 5x + 6  0 is
(a) (2, 3) (b) [2, 3]
(c) (–  , 2)  (3,  ) (d) (–  , 2]  [3,  )
2. If 2 – 3x – 2x2  0 , then

1 1
(a) x  2 (b) 2  x  (c) x  2 (d) x 
2 2

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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

3. The solutions of the inequation 2x 2 + 3x  9  0 are given by

3 3 3
(a) 3  x   (b) 3  x  (c) x3 (d) none of these
2 2 2
4. The solution of inequation –x2 + 6x – 8 > 0 is
(a) 4<x<2 (b) 2 < x < 4 (c) 2 > x > 4 (d) none of these

5. If a < b, then the solution of x 2 +  a + b  x + ab < 0 , is given by

(a) x < –b or x – a (b) a < x < b (c) x < a or x > b (d) –b < x < – a
6. Solve (x + 2)2 – (x2 + 3x + 3) < -(x + 3)2.
(a) (-5, -2) (b) (2, 5)
(c) (-  , -5)  (-2,  ) (d) No solution
7. (x2 + 2x) < m (x + 1)2 for all x  R, then the possible values of m can be

3  3 
(a) (1,  ) (b)  ,   (c) [1,  ) (d)  ,  
4  4 

x 2  36
8.  0 , find the value of x?
x 2  9x  18

(a) x  (3,6) (b) x  (6,3)

(c) x  (, 6)  (3, ) (d) x  (, 3)  (6, )

9. x2 < n, if n  (-  , 0), then the set of all possible values of x is
(a) any real number. (b) only positive number.
(c) no solution. (d) unconditional.
2 2
10. Solve (x + 1) + (x – 1) < 6.

(a) (- 2 , 2) (b) (-1, 1)

(c) (-  , -2)  (2,  ) (d) (-  , -1)  (1,  )

x2 1
11. 2
 , find the solution set of x?
x 1 2

(a) x  (3,1) (b) x  (, 3)  (1, )

(c) x  (1,3) (d) x  (, 1)  (3,  )
12. If mx2 < nx such that m and n have opposite signs then x can be (m being positive)

n n n
(a) x> (b) x < (c) <x<0 (d) None of these
m m m
13. The solution of the inequation, 15x2 – 31x + 14 < 0 is given by

7 2 2 7 7 2 7 2
(a) <x< (b) <x< (c) x > or x < (d) x > or x >
5 3 3 5 5 3 5 3
14. The sum of a number and its square is greater than 6, then the number can be
(a) (-  , 2)  (3,  ) (b) (-  , -3)  (2,  )
(c) (2, 3) (d) [2, 3]

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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

15. If x2 – 1  0 and x2 – x – 2  0, then x line in the interval/set

(a) (–1, 2) (b) (–1, 1) (c) (1, 2) (d) {–1}
16. If x2 - 4x + 3 > 0 and x2 - 6x + 8 < 0, then
(a) x>3 (b) x < 4 (c) 3 < x < 4 (d) 1 < x < 2
17. Solve the simultaneous quadratic inequations x2 + 7x – 18  0 and x2 – 4x + 3  0.
(a) [–9, 1]  [2, 3] (b) [–9, 2]  [3,  [
(c) [–9, 1] (d) None of these
18. The values of x for which -2x - 4  (x + 2)2  -2x - 1 satisfies is
(a) [-5, -1] (b) [-5, 0)
(c) [-5, -4]  (-2, -1] (d) [-5, -4]  [-2, -1]
19. Solve x2 – 7x + 3 < 2x + 25.
(a) (-2, 11) (b) (2, 1)
(c) (-  , -1)  (2, 11) (d) (-8, -2)  [11,  )

x  2 2x  3
20. The solution of inequation > is
x+2 4x +1

1
i) x < –2 ii) x < 1 iii) x > 4 iv) x >
4
(a) Only (i) and (iii) (b) Only (ii) and (i)
(c) All (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) (d) none of these

x 2  2x + 5 1
21. The range of values of x for which 2
>
3x  2x  5 2

5 5
(a) –5 < x < –1 or <x<3 (b) 5 < x < 1 or  <x<3
3 3

5
(c) – 5 < x < 1 or  <x<3 (d) none of these
3

x 1 x3
22. Find the range of real values of x for which <
4x + 5 4x  3

5 3 5 3 5 3
(a)  <x<  (b)  x (c) x (d) none of these
4 4 4 4 4 4

x 3 x 1 x  2
23. The value of x for which  x<  , 2  x > 2x  8 is
4 2 3

 10   10 
(a)  3 ,  1 (b)  1, 
3 
(c) R (d) none of these
  

x +1 1
24. The number of integral solutions of 2
> is
x +2 4
(a) 1 (b) 2
(c) 5 (d) none of these

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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

x 3
25. The values of x for which expression is 0
x 2  3x  54
(a) (-6, -3]  (9,  ) (b) [-6, -3]  [9,  ]
(c) (-6, -3)  (9,  ) (d) (-6,  )

x2 1
26. Solve < .
1 x
(a) xR (b) x  R– – {-1} (c) x  R+ (d) x  R –{0} .

x 2  x  12
27. If  0, then x lies in
x 2  3x  2
(a) (-4, 3) (b) (-4, 2)
(c) [-4, 1)  [2, 3] (d) (-4, 1)  (2, 3)

x
x2     1
28. For all real values of x,  2   5 is
2 4
x 1

1
(a) equal to 1 (b)  0 (c)  (d)  0
4
x 5
29. The least integral value of x such that 2 > 0 is
x  5x  14
(a) –4 (b) 2 (c) –6 (d) 5

x 2 + 4x + 3
30. The value of x is If >0
x 3  6x 2 +11x  6
(a) (–3, –2)  (3, 31) (b) (–3, 3/2)  (5,  )
(c) (–  , –4)  (5/2,  ) (d) (–3, –1)  (1, 2)  (3,  )

2x  1
31. If S is the set of all real x such that is positive. Then S is
2x + 3x 2 + x
3

(a) (–3, –2)  (3, 31) (b) (–3, 3/2)  (5,  )

(c) (–  , –1)  (-1/2, 0)  (1/2,  ) (d) (–3, –1)  (1, 2)  (3,  )

x 2 + 2x + 7
32. The value of x is If < 6, x  R .
2x + 3
(a) (–3, –2)  (3, 31) (b) (–  , -3/2)  (-1, 11)
(c) (–  , –1)  (-1/2, 0)  (1/2,  ) (d) (–3, –1)  (1, 2)  (3,  )
Modulus Equation & Inequation
1. If x is a real number and | x | < 3, then
(a) x 3 (b) – 3 < x < 3 (c) x  – 3 (d) – 3  x  3
2. x and b are real numbers. If b > 0 and | x | > b, then
(a) x  (– b,  ) (b) x  [–  , b)
(c) x  (– b, b) (d) x  (–  , – b)  (b,  )

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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

3. If |x -1| > 5, then

(a) x  (– 4, 6) (b) x  [– 4, 6]
(c) x  (–  , – 4)  (6,  ) (d) x  [–  , – 4)  [6,  )
4. If |x + 2|  9, then
(a) x  (– 7, 11) (b) x  [– 11, 7]
(c) x  (–  , – 7)  (11,  ) (d) x  (–  , – 7)  [11,  )
5. If |3– 4x|  9 Then x lies in the interval
(a) x  (– 13, 7] (b) x  (– 13, 7)
(c) x  (–  , – 3/2]  [3,  ) (d) x  [–  , – 13]
6. The least positive integer x, which satisfies |x – 2| > 7?
(a) 9 (b) 10 (c) 7 (d) 5
7. If 1  |x –2 |  3 Then x lies in the interval
(a) x  (– 13, 7] (b) x  (13, 7)
(c) x  (–  , – 13]  [7,  ) (d) x  [– 1, 1]  [3, 5]
8. If |x + 1|+|x|>3 Then x lies in the interval
(a) x  (– 13, 7] (b) x  (– 13, 7)
(c) x  (–  , – 2)  (1,  ) (d) x  [–  , – 13]  [7,  )
9. If |x – 1| < –2, then find the range of x.
(a) x < –3 (b) x < –1 (c) x  R (d) None of these
10. The solution set of the inequation |5 – 2x| + x < 4 is ______.
(a) (1, 2) (b) (2, 3) (c) (1, 3) (d) (1, 4)
11. The solution set of the inequation |x + 1| < x + 2 is ________.

5 7 3
(a) x > –1 (b) x > (c) x > (d) x >
2 4 2
12. Which of the following is true?
(a) |x + y| > |x| + |y| (b) ||x| – |y||  |x – y|

x |x|
(c)  ;y  0 (d) |x|2 = –x2
y | y|

13. The roots of the equation |x|2 - |x| - 2 = 0 are

(a) {–2, –1, 1, 2} (b) {–2, 2} (c) {–1, 1} (d) {1, 2}
14. Solve the quadratic inequation, |x|2 – 2 | x | – 8  0.
(a) [–4, 4] (b) [0, 4] (c) [–4,0] (d) [–4, 2]
15. The number of integral values in the solution set of the inequation
|x – 1| + |x – 2| + |x – 3| < 0 is
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 3

x x2
16. If  |x| then the value of x lies in the interval
x 1 |x  1|

(a) [0,  ) (b) (0,  ) (c) [1,  ) (d) (1,  )  {0}

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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

ANSWER KEY
DRILL - I
1. (i) {1, 2, 3, 4} (ii) {....., –3, –2, –1, 0, 1, 2, 3, 4}

 5
2. {......, –6, –5, –4, –3} 3. x  R : x  
 2

 11
4. { x  R : x  8} 5. x  R : x  
 2

6. x  R; 3  x  2 7. { x  R : 4.4  x  2.8}

 5
8. x  R : x  
 2

9. 6.1 < x < 8.2

10. Between 9.8 km and 13.8 km
11. More than 320 litres but less than 1280 litres.
12. More than 562.5 litres but less than 900 litres

DRILL - II

1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 6.

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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

7. 8. 9.

10. 11. 12.

13. 14. 15.

16. 17. 18.

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 INEQUATIONS MATHEMATICS PART - I

DRILL - III

1. (1, 2)  (2, 3) 2. (–  ,–2)  (–2, –1)  (1, +  ) 3. (5/2, 8)

4. (–  , 0)  (3, +  ) 5. (–  , –20)  (23, +  ) 6. [1, 3]  (5, +  )

7. (–9/2, –2)  (3, +  ) 8.   

  2, 1   1, 2   3, 4 

9. (–  , –5)  (1, 2)  (6, +  ) 10. (–  , 0)  (1, 6)
11. (– 2 , 0)  (1, 2 )  (2, +  )
12. (–  , 3/2)  (7/3, +  ) 13. (1/2, 3) 14. (2, 3)
15. (–1, 2) – {0, 1} 16. (–  , – 1)   1, 3
17. (1, 2)  (7, +  ) 18. (–  , – 2)  (– 2, – 1/2 )  (1,  )

DRILL - IV

1. {4/3} 2. { – 1} 3. [2, +  ) 4. (–  , 0]  [4,  )

5. (2, 3) 6. [–1, +  ) 7. (-1, 5) 8. (–  , -2]  [2,  )



  1  21 
,
21  1 


9.  2 2  10. (1, 3) 11. (2, 5)
 

EXERCISES
SINGLE CORRECT TYPE QUESTIONS
Linear Inequation
1. B 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. A
8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B 12.A 13.B 14.D
15. C 16. C 17. B 18. C 19.B 20.A 21.C

Quadratic/Rational Inequality
1. B 2. B 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. A
8. B 9. C 10. A 11. A 12.C 13.B 14.B
15. D 16. C 17. C 18. D 19.A 20.A 21.A
22. B 23. B 24. C 25. C 26.B 27.D 28.D
29. C 30. D 31. C 32. B

Modulus Equation & Inequation

1. B 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D
8. C 9. D 10. C 11. D 12.B 13.B 14.A
15. A 16. D

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