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Bihar Special 06 : Daily Class Notes (English)

The climate of Bihar is characterized as a humid subtropical monsoon climate, influenced by factors such as latitudinal expansion, distance from the sea, and the presence of the Himalayas. The state experiences three distinct seasons: summer, rainy, and winter, with significant variations in rainfall across its regions. Kishanganj receives the highest rainfall, while the western region has a semi-arid climate due to less precipitation.

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41 views

Bihar Special 06 : Daily Class Notes (English)

The climate of Bihar is characterized as a humid subtropical monsoon climate, influenced by factors such as latitudinal expansion, distance from the sea, and the presence of the Himalayas. The state experiences three distinct seasons: summer, rainy, and winter, with significant variations in rainfall across its regions. Kishanganj receives the highest rainfall, while the western region has a semi-arid climate due to less precipitation.

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as9211991
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1

DAILY
CLASS NOTES
BPSC
BIHAR SPECIAL

Lecture – 06
Climate of Bihar

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Climate of Bihar
The day-to-day conditions of the atmosphere at a place
concerning elements like humidity, temperature, wind
speed, rainfall, etc. are called the weather of that place.

❖ Climate is the average season of a large area, which


persists over a long period.

Climate of Bihar

❖ The whole of Bihar lies north of the Tropic of Cancer


(subtropical region).

❖ Monsoon affects the climate of Bihar, so it is a monsoon


climate state.
❖ Due to the effect of monsoon, moisture is maintained;
Hence, the climate of Bihar is humid and sub- tropical.
❖ Subtropical Monsoon Climate
Factors Affecting the Climate of Bihar:

❖ Latitudinal Expansion
❖ Distance from the sea
❖ Location of Himalayas in the North
❖ Height
❖ Amount of precipitation

❖ Topography
Latitudinal Expansion:

❖ 24°-21'-10" N Latitude ~ 27°-31'-15" N Latitude

❖ Bihar: Located in the subtropical region


❖ The Climate of Bihar is a Subtropical climate

❖ Note: Latitudinal expansion has the greatest impact on


the climate of Bihar.
Distance from the sea:

❖ The greater the distance from the sea; The greater the
continental impact on climate.

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❖ Bihar: Distance from Sea - 200 km ; Nearest Sea: Digha, West Bengal

❖ Bihar - Continental climate

Climate

1. Oceanic Climate

➢ Moderate climate -Neither too cold or too hot


➢ Coastal Climate

➢ An oceanic climate, also known as a marine or maritime climate, is characterized


by cool summers and cool, but not cold, winters, with a narrow annual
temperature range and consistent rainfall throughout the year, typically found on
the western sides of continents between 35° and
60° north and south of the equator.
2. Continental Climate
➢ Landlocked Region
➢ Hard /Rigid Climate - Too hot/Too cold
➢ Continental climates, found inland away from
oceans, are characterized by large temperature
swings between seasons, with cold winters and hot summers, and are typically
found in the interior of continents in middle latitudes.
Location of Himalayas in the North:

❖ Impact: Positive - Protection from cold winds coming


from the Siberia region helps stop monsoon winds and
cause rainfall

❖ Height above sea level: Bihar: Sea Elevation - 53m (173


ft.)
❖ Why is the climate of Bihar called modified continental
climate?
Reason :

❖ Bihar is a landlocked State with a continental climate, due to the impact of many
factors, Air becomes Humid so the Hardness of the Climate Decreases, and So the
Climate becomes a Modified Continental Climate.

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Factors :
❖ Presence of Himalaya
➢ Helpful to bring rainfall.
➢ Protection of Siberia's cold winds.
Impact of Monsoon
❖ Pre Monsoon Cyclone (Norwester)- originates over the sea surface in the Bay of
Bengal.
❖ Western Disturbance(Cyclone)

❖ A western disturbance is an extratropical storm originating in the Mediterranean


region that brings sudden winter rain to the northwestern parts of the Indian
subcontinent, which extends as east as up to northern parts of Bangladesh and
Southeastern Nepal.

Variations found in the climate of Bihar :


Eastern Region
❖ Humid climate
❖ Reason: More Rainfall
Western Region
❖ Semi-arid climate
❖ Reason: Less Rainfall
Maximum Rainfall: North East Region
❖ Kishanganj is the district in Bihar that receives the highest
rainfall, with an average of 2,177 mm annually.
The climate of Bihar, according to Köppen classification
❖ Cwg
❖ C = Mid-axial subtropical climate
❖ w = Dry Winter
❖ g = Plains
NOTE :
1. According to Thornwatt: CA'w’
2. As per Tiwartha CAW & AW

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Temperature, Precipitation and Pressure

On the basis of this, the climate of Bihar is divided into three seasons-

Summer Season

❖ Mid-March to mid-June

Rainy season

❖ Mid-June to mid-October

Winter Season

❖ Mid-October to mid-March

Summer Season(Mid-March to Mid-June)

Mid-March April May

❖ Increase in temperature ❖ The month with the ❖ Hottest Month


❖ Reason: Northward lowest humidity ❖ Seasonal Events: Storm,
movement of the sun. ❖ Reason - increase in Blow of Lu and
temperature so, Dryness Convectional Rainfall.
of Air Increases. ❖ Average temperature-
42-45 degrees Celsius.
❖ Hottest district of Bihar-
Gaya.

❖ An equinox is an event in which a planet’s


subsolar point passes through its Equator. The
equinoxes are the only time when both the
Northern and Southern Hemisphere experience
roughly equal amounts of daytime and nighttime.
Storm

❖ Storm is a generic term, popularly used to


describe a large variety of atmospheric
disturbances, ranging from ordinary rain
showers and snowstorms to thunderstorms, wind
and wind-related disturbances, such as gales,
tornadoes, tropical cyclones, and sandstorms.

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Lu: Hot Local Wind


❖ Speed: 16-18 km/hr
❖ Origin: Where - In mid Gangetic Plains
❖ How: due to Regional Variations of Temperature
Convectional Rainfall
Convectional rainfall, a type of precipitation, occurs
when the sun heats the Earth's surface, causing warm, moist air to rise, cool, and
condense, leading to cloud formation and rain, especially
in warm and tropical regions.
❖ In May convection rainfall occurred in Patna and its
surroundings.
Mid-June
Pre Monsoon period
❖ Norwester: Pre Monsoon Rainfall
❖ Norwester is a Pre Monsoon Cyclone
❖ Origin: Bay Of Bengal
Reasons for the origin of Norwester
❖ Due to the Heating of sea Surface.
Norwesters
❖ Extremely strong storm with strong winds in the northeast.
❖ Origin in the Bay of Bengal.
❖ spread in east and northeast India, south Nepal, Bhutan and Bangladesh.
❖ These storms usually move from northwest to southeast direction.
❖ In Bengal, it is locally known as "Kalbaishaki" meaning, calamity in the month of
Baisakh (the first month in the Bengal calendar). Whereas, in Assam, they are known
as "Bardoli Chheerha".
❖ Impact: Destruction in the form of lightning, storms, hailstorms and precipitation
Other local storms of the hot season:
❖ Lu: Hot and dry winds blow over the northern plains.
❖ Mango Shower: The coastal areas of Kerala and Karnataka receive pre-monsoon rains
towards the end of summer which helps the mangoes ripen early.
❖ Blossom Shower: It helps the coffee flowers to bloom in Kerala and nearby areas.

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Note :

❖ Highest temperature in Bihar: 50℃

❖ The hottest district: Gaya (Reason: Naked Plateau)

Some famous local storms of summer season

Mango Showers Flower Showers Loo Kal Baisakhi

Pre-monsoon This rain causes the These are dry, hot These are terrible
showers occur blooming of Kahwa and painful winds and destructive rain
towards the end of flowers in Kerala and blowing in the winds blowing in the
summer season, nearby Kahwa northern plains from evenings in the
which is a common producing areas. Punjab to Bihar. month of Baisakh in
thing in Kerala and Their intensity is Assam and West
coastal Karnataka. more between Delhi Bengal.
Locally this stormy and Patna. Their notorious
rain is called Mango nature can be gauged
Showers, because it from their local
helps mangoes to name Kal Baisakhi.
ripen early. Which means -
devastation in the
month of Baisakh.
These winds are good
for tea, jute and rice.
In Assam these
storms are called
'Bardoli Chhida'.



PW Web/App: https://smart.link/7wwosivoicgd4

BPSC

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