IDENTIFICATION DATA:

1. NAME OF THE STUDENT TEACHER: MS CHITRA

2. SUBJECT : CHILD HEALTH NURSING
3. TOPIC : NEWBORN CARE
4. DURATION : 20 MIN
5. DATE : 22.08.2022
6. VENUE : BSC 4TH YEAR
7. NUMBER OF PARTICIPANTS : 20 STUDENTS
8. METHOD OF TEACHING : LECTURER CUM DISCUSSION
9. LIST OF AV AIDS : CHART, FLASH CARD
GENERAL OBJECTIVE
At the end of the session antenatal mothers and postnatal mothers will gain knowledge regarding how to
take care of their newborn child.

SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES
The mothers will be able to,
• Introduces the topic(newborn care)
• Discuss in detail about the immediate new born care.
- Clearing the airway
- APGAR scoring
- Care of the cord
- Care of the eyes
- Care of the skin
- Maintenance of the body temperature
- Breast feeding.
S.NO TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT TEACHING AV EVALUATION
OBJECTIVE LEARNING AIDS
ACYIVITIES

Introduction
1. 5min INTRODUC LECTURE CHART WHAT DO YOU
The First week of life is the most crucial period in the UNDERSTAND
ES THE CUM
life of an infant.In India 50-60% of all infant deaths occur ABOUT
TOPIC- within the first month of life.Of these more than half may die DISCUSSION NEWBORN
during first of death. This is because the newborn has to adapt CARE
NEW BORN
itself rapidly and successfully to an external environment. The ?
CARE risk of death is the greatest during the first 24-48 hours after
birth. The problem is more acute in rural areas where expert
obstetric care is scarce and the home environmental
conditions in which the baby is born are usually
unsatisfactory.

The objective of early neonatal care is to assist the

newborn in the process of adoption to an alien environment
which involves,

1. Establishment and maintenance of cardio-respiratory

functions.
2. Maintenance of body temperature
3. Avoidance of infection
4. Establishment of satisfactory feeding regimen
5. Early detection & treatment of congenital & acquired
disorders, especially infections.
S.NO TIME SPECIFIC CONTENT TEACHING AV EVALUATION
OBJECTIVE LEARNING AIDS
ACYIVITIES
Infants with low Apgar scores at 5 minutes of age are subject
to a high risk of complications & death during the neonatal
period.

3.Care of the cord- In the case of normal infant,the umbilical

cord should be cut and tied when it has stopped pulsating. The
advantage is that the baby derives about 10ml of extra blood,if
the cord is cut after pulsation ceases. This is particularly
important in India where anaemia is frequent. Care must be
taken to prevent tetanus of the newborn by using properly
sterilized instruments and cord ties. It is essential to apply an
antiseptic preparation on the cord stump & the skin around the
base. The cord should be kept as dry as possible. It dries and
shrivels up and separates by aseptic necrosis in 5-8 days.

4. Care of the eyes- Before the eyes are open,the lid margins
of the newborn should be cleaned with sterile wet swabs,one
for each eye from inner to outer side. Instil a drop of freshly
prepared silver nitrate solution (1%) to prevent gonococcal
conjunctivitis,alternatively a single application of tetracycline
1% ointment can be given. Any discharge from the eye of an
infant is pathological & calls for immediate treatment.
S.NO T SPECIFIC CONTENT TEACHING AV EVALUATION
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E
Ophthalmia neonatorum are implicated N.gonorrhoea
,C.Trachomatis(commonest),staphylococcus,streptococcus,
candida etc. The most serious cause of conjunctivitis of
thenewborn is infection with N.goncoccus as it can rapidly
causes blindness. C trachomatis is also an important cause
of neonatal conjunctivitis.Since gonocovval ophthalmia
neonatorum has become much less frequent than
conjunctivitis due to other acquired organisms,application
of topical neomycin might be more useful.

As a preventive measure specific maternal genital

tract infection should be treatedeffectively prior to or
during pregnancy & specific care should be taken while
conducting face or breech delivery.

5. Care of the skin

When a baby is a few hours old, the first bath is given

soap & warm water to remove vernix, meconium &
blood clots. Some prefer to apply warm oil before the
bath. The first bathing is done by the nursing staff.
Thereafter no further bathing is necessary until the day
before discharge. If culturally acceptable the first
bathing may be delayed for 12-24 hours after birth to
avoid cooling the body temperature.
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O
6. Maintenance of body temperature:

The normal body temperature of a new born is between 36.5 0

c – 37.5 0 c. a newborn baby is projected out of warm womb of
the mother into an environment which may be 10- 20 0 c cooler
especially in winter months in India.

A newborn has little thermal control and can lose body heat
quickly, immediately after birth, most of the heat loss occurs
through evaporation of the amniotic fluid from the body of the
wet child. As much as 75 % of the heat loss can occur from the
head. It is important that immediately after birth the child is
quickly dried with a clean cloth and wrapped in warm cloth and
given to the mother for skin to skin contact and breast feeding.
Practices such as separating the baby from the mother for the
first 12-24 hours of life are harmful. Pre term and low birth
weight babies lose heat more easily through their thin skin as
they have less subcutaneous fat for insulation. Putting the
newborn on a cold surface such as metallic tray, rubber sheeting
or weighing scale should be avoided and the child should be
kept away from cold walls, open windows and from draught.
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7. Breast feeding:

Breast feeding should be initiated within an hour of birth

instead of waiting several hours as is oftyen customary.
Although there is little milk at that time, it helps to
establish feeding and a close mother child relationship
known as “bonding”.

The first milk which is called “colostrums” is the most

suitable food for the baby during this early period because
it contains a high concentration of protein and other
nutrients the body needs; it is also rich in anti infective
factors which protect the baby against respiratory
infections and diarrhoeal diseases. Supplementary feeds are
not necessary. The regular milk comes on he third to sixth
day after birth. The baby should be allowed to breast feed
whenever it wants. Feeding the baby on demand helps the
baby gain weight, it is very important to advice mother to
avoid feeding bottles.

Conclusion: Immediate care of the newborn is very

important. If the care is to the newborn at proper time it
can prevent morbidity and mortality rate related to
newborn care.
 RECAPTULISATION

❖ What is newborn care?

❖ What is immediate care of newborn care?

Bibliography

1. Marlow R. Dorothy, Redding A. Barbara, “Text book of Pediatric Nursing”, 6th edition, Elsevier publications, Philadelphia
2. Gupta Piyush, “Essential Pediatric Nursing”, A. P Jain & Co.
3. Pillitteri Adele, “ Child health nursing, Care of the child and family”, Lippincott, Philadelphia, New York
4. Lippincott, “Text book of Paediatric Nursing”, Mosby Publishers
5. Mary Ann Hogan, Judy E White, “ Child health Nursing”, Prentice hall, New Jersey
6. Gupte Suraj, “ The short text book of Pediatrics”, 10th edition, Jaypee brothers medical publishers(P) LTD, New Delhi
7. Achar’s “text book of paediatrics”, 3rd edition(2000), orient longman limited