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Control system basics

The document discusses feedback in control systems, differentiating between positive and negative feedback systems. Positive feedback amplifies the input, while negative feedback stabilizes it, with various examples and comparisons provided. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of feedback types in achieving desired system outputs and stability.

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2 views

Control system basics

The document discusses feedback in control systems, differentiating between positive and negative feedback systems. Positive feedback amplifies the input, while negative feedback stabilizes it, with various examples and comparisons provided. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of feedback types in achieving desired system outputs and stability.

Uploaded by

somanjan1606sampling
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Comparison of

Positive and Negative Feedback System


Somanjan Pramanik
35000322042
E.C.E.
6th sem
Conntrol System & Instrumentation (EC601)
RKMGEC
❑ What is Feedback in control system?
Feedback in a control system is the process of using the output of
a system to adjust the input to achieve a desired result. It's also
known as a closed-loop control system. It is essential for
maintaining desired outputs and system stability.

❑ Types
o Positive feedback System
o Negative feedback System
❑Positive feedback System
A feedback loop where the output enhances or amplifies the initial input, leading to
an increase in the output.
Examples:
• Microphone feedback in audio systems
• Blood clotting mechanism in biological systems

❑Negative feedback System


A feedback loop where the output reduces or counteracts the initial input, promoting
stability.
Examples:
• Thermostat regulation of room temperature
• Homeostasis in biological organisms
❑Comparison between Positive and Negative Feedback in
System
• Positive feedback adds feedback signal and reference input signal to produce error
signal.
Negative feedback subtracts feedback signal and reference input signal to produce error
signal.
• Positive feedback is also known as regenerative feedback; while negative feedback is
known as degenerative feedback.
• Error signal is calculated as reference input signal + feedback signal, and reference input
signal - feedback signal, respectively.
• The closed loop transfer function of a control system with positive feedback is
T = G / (1 –GH);
the closed loop transfer function of a control system with negative feedback is
T = G / (1+ GH).
• System stability & gain: High with positive feedback, low with negative feedback.
Low with positive feedback, high with negative feedback.

• Phase relation between input and feedback signals: Positive feedback has a 0°
phase difference; negative feedback has a 180° phase difference.

• Sensitivity to parameter changes: Positive feedback is highly sensitive to system


parameters; negative feedback has low sensitivity.

• Feedback in Op-Amp circuits: Positive feedback provided by non-inverting


terminal; negative feedback provided by inverting terminal.

• Overall gain: Positive feedback leads to greater overall gain; negative feedback
leads to less overall gain.
❑Conclusion
Feedback in control systems can be positive or negative, with negative
feedback stabilizing systems and positive feedback amplifying changes.
Feedforward control can be implemented to proactively address potential
disturbances, depending on the specific control system's goals.

❑References
o www.tutorialspoint.com
o www.geeksforgeeks.com

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