LAB REPORT

Verification of the instructors

Name: Đỗ Thị Khánh Linh
Student ID: 202412894
Class: 753550 - PH1016

Group: 4

Experiment 6:

DETERMINATION OF SOUND WAVELENGTH AND VELOCITY

USING STANDING WAVE PHENOMENON

I. Experimental results
1. 𝒇𝟏 = 500Hz
Trial 𝑙1 (𝑚𝑚) 𝑙2 (𝑚𝑚) 𝑑 = 𝑙2 − 𝑙1 (𝑚𝑚)
1 163 513 350
2 161 510 349
3 162 512 350
4 162 511 349
5 163 512 349
5
1
̅̅̅
𝑑1 = × ∑ 𝑑𝑖
5
𝑖=1
= 349.4(𝑚𝑚)
𝑠. 𝑑 =
∑5𝑖=1(𝑑𝑖 −𝑑
̅̅̅̅
1)
2
√ ≈0.5(mm)
5
𝑠. 𝑑
∆𝑑1 ≈ 𝑆. 𝐷 ≈
√5
≈ 0.2(𝑚𝑚)

2. 𝒇𝟐 = 600Hz
Trial 𝑙1 (𝑚𝑚) 𝑙2 (𝑚𝑚) 𝑑 = 𝑙2 − 𝑙1 (𝑚𝑚)
1 135 426 291
2 136 427 291
3 137 427 290
4 136 425 289

1
 5 136 426 290
5
1
̅̅̅
𝑑2 = × ∑ 𝑑𝑖
5
𝑖=1
= 290.2(𝑚𝑚)
𝑠. 𝑑 =
∑5𝑖=1(𝑑𝑖 −𝑑
̅̅̅̅
2)
2
√ ≈0.7(mm)
5
𝑠. 𝑑
∆𝑑2 ≈ 𝑆. 𝐷 ≈
√5
≈ 0.3(𝑚𝑚)

3. 𝒇𝟑 = 700Hz
Trial 𝑙1 (𝑚𝑚) 𝑙2 (𝑚𝑚) 𝑑 = 𝑙2 − 𝑙1 (𝑚𝑚)
1 108 359 251
2 108 358 250
3 106 356 250
4 107 357 250
5 108 359 251
5
1
̅̅̅
𝑑3 = × ∑ 𝑑𝑖
5
𝑖=1
= 250.4(𝑚𝑚)
𝑠. 𝑑 =
∑5𝑖=1(𝑑𝑖 −𝑑
̅̅̅̅
3)
2
√ ≈0.5(mm)
5
𝑠. 𝑑
∆𝑑3 ≈ 𝑆. 𝐷 ≈
√5
≈ 0.2(𝑚𝑚)

II. Data analysis

1. Calculate the wavelength and speed of sound as well as their
uncertainties for each frequency.
a. 𝒇𝟏 = 500Hz
̅̅̅
𝜆1 = 2𝑑1 = 2 × 349.4 × 10−3 = 698.8 × 10−3 (𝑚)
∆𝜆1 = √(∆𝑑1 )2 = √0.52 = 0,5(𝑚𝑚) = 0.5 × 10−3 (𝑚)

Hence,

𝜆1 = ̅̅̅
𝜆1 ± ∆𝜆1 = (698.8 ± 0.5) × 10−3 (𝑚)

2
𝑣1 = ̅̅̅
̅̅̅ 𝜆1 𝑓1 = 698.8 × 10−3 × 500 = 349.4(𝑚/𝑠)
2 2
∆𝜆1 0.5 × 10−3
∆𝑣1 = ̅̅̅ √
𝑣1 × ( √
) = 349.4 × ( ) = 0.3(𝑚/𝑠)
̅̅̅
𝜆1 698.8 × 10−3

Hence,

𝑣1 = ̅̅̅
𝑣1 ± ∆𝑣1 = 349.4 ± 0.3 (𝑚/𝑠)

b. 𝒇𝟐 = 𝟔𝟎𝟎𝐇𝐳
̅̅̅
𝜆2 = 2𝑑2 = 2 × 290.2 × 10−3 = 580.4 × 10−3 (𝑚)

∆𝜆2 = √(∆𝑑2 )2 = √0.32 = 0,3(𝑚𝑚) = 0.3 × 10−3 (𝑚)

Hence,

𝜆2 = ̅̅̅
𝜆2 ± ∆𝜆2 = (580.4 ± 0.3) × 10−3 (𝑚)

𝑣2 = ̅̅̅
̅̅̅ 𝜆2 𝑓2 = 580.4 × 10−3 × 600 = 348.2(𝑚/𝑠)

2 2
∆𝜆2 0.3 × 10−3
𝑣2 × √(
∆𝑣2 = ̅̅̅ ) = 348.2 × √( ) = 0.2(𝑚/𝑠)
̅̅̅
𝜆2 580.4 × 10−3

Hence,

𝑣2 = ̅̅̅
𝑣2 ± ∆𝑣2 = 348.2 ± 0.2 (𝑚/𝑠)

c. 𝒇𝟑 = 𝟕𝟎𝟎𝐇𝐳
̅̅̅
𝜆3 = 2𝑑3 = 2 × 250.4 × 10−3 = 500.8 × 10−3 (𝑚)

∆𝜆3 = √(∆𝑑3 )2 = √0.22 = 0,2 (𝑚𝑚) = 0.2 × 10−3 (𝑚)

3
Hence,

𝜆3 = ̅̅̅
𝜆3 ± ∆𝜆3 = (500.8 ± 0.2) × 10−3 (𝑚)

𝑣3 = ̅̅̅
̅̅̅ 𝜆3 𝑓3 = 500.8 × 10−3 × 700 = 350.6(𝑚/𝑠)

2 2
∆𝜆3 0.2 × 10−3
𝑣3 × √(
∆𝑣3 = ̅̅̅ ) = 350.6 × √( ) = 0.1(𝑚/𝑠)
̅̅̅
𝜆3 500.8 × 10−3

Hence,

𝑣3 = ̅̅̅
𝑣3 ± ∆𝑣3 = 350.6 ± 0.1 (𝑚/𝑠)

2. Theoretical velocity of sound wave and experimental values:

Theoretically, the speed of sound at a temperature T can be calculated as follows:

𝑣 = 𝑣0 × √1 + 𝛼. 𝑇

where 𝑣0 = 332 m/s is the speed of sound at temperature of 0𝑜 𝐶, and α = 1/ 273

degree−1

At room tempertature T=26𝑜 𝐶:

26
𝑣 = 332 × √1 + = 347.5(𝑚/𝑠)
273

In direct comparison to 𝑣1 , 𝑣2 , 𝑣3 , which are measured above, we can conclude

that our experimental values are acceptable since they are approximate to the
theoretical value.