School Banquerohan National High School Grade Level Grade 8

Detailed Lesson
Plan Teacher Jessa A. Bitancur Learning Area Science

Teaching Dates and Quarter 3rd Quarter

Time

I. OBJECTIVES
A. Content Standards The learners demonstrate understanding of particle nature of matter as basis for explaining properties, physical changes,
and structure of substances and mixtures
B. Performance Standards The learners should be able to present how water behaves in its different states within the water cycle
C. Most Essential Learning Explain the properties of solids, liquids, and gases based on the particle nature of matter;
Competency
D. Specific Objectives 1. Describe the particle nature of matter; and
2. Explain the properties of solids, liquids, and gases based on the particle nature of matter.
E. K to 12 CG Code S8MT-IIIa-b-8
II. CONTENT
A. Topic The Particle Nature of Matter
B. Time Frame 1 hour
III. LEARNING RESOURCES
A. References MELCS
Science 8 Learners Activity Sheet Week 5
Science 8 Learners Module
B. Other Learning Materials PowerPoint Presentation, illustrations, sample objects
IV. PROCEDURES
Teacher’s Activity Student’s Activity
A. Preliminaries Good morning class! Good morning, ma’am!

-Prayer-
 Before we formally start today’s class, let us first pray and seek
guidance from the Lord throughout this journey.
Yes ma’am, upon scanning the current number of
Let us now check our attendance. Class monitor, how many are students, there are __ who are present, and __ are
present today and how many are absent? absent.
B. Elicit Class! Have you ever wondered of the things around you? Like Ma’am! As for me, the things around us were
what make up of these things? Anyone can share? somehow a mystery!

Sometimes we didn’t notice or see it with our own eyes but this pen Ma’am. For me, it’s a big question on how these things
I am holding is more than a pen. There is this smallest thing that were formed!
makes it up and now we called it a pen. Everything you see is just
the whole of the smallest piece that makes everything they are now!

C. Engage I have objects here with me. Let’s guess if it’s a matter or not (Student’s answer may vary)

I have here with me sugar. Is it a matter or not? Matter!

How about this water in a tumbler? Matter!

How about this stone? Matter!

This leaf? Matter!

How about the air inside this balloon? Matter!

How about this chair? Matter!

How about heat? A matter or not? Not

Light? Not
Hmmm! Let’s see as we go on with the discussion but first let us
answer this activity!

Activity 1. Which is matter? Which is not?

Objectives:
1. Identify examples of matter; and
2. Distinguish properties of matter from non-matter.
A. Directions: Put a check mark if it has mass, it occupies space or if it's
a matter.
Sample Mass Does it occupy Matter Sample Mass Does it occupy Matter
space? space?

1. Air inside the 1. Air inside the

balloon balloon

2. Flour 2. Flour

3. Human heart 3. Human heart

4. Light 4. Light

5. Leaves 5. Leaves

6. Smoke 6. Smoke

7. Sound 7. Sound

8. Toy 8. Toy
D. Explore Now, let’s proceed for another activity named” Are the particles of
matter moving?”
I will form you into 3 groups. Group 1 will be solid, 2 will be liquid
and 3 will be gas!

I will give each group an illustration and will answer the

corresponding questions. Each group must have a representative to
report what they have observed!
Group 1: solid

1. What can you say about the arrangement of particles in solid? Our group have observed that the arrangement of
(closely packed, near, far) particles in solid were closely packed. Yes! It does
2. Can you infer that solid particles move? (yes, no) actually move by vibrating but still stays in the same
3. How? (by vibrating, by flowing) position.

Group 2: Liquid
 1. What can you say about the arrangement of particles in liquid? As you can see in the picture, our group have
(closely packed, near, far) observed that the particles in liquid are near to each
2. Can you infer that liquid particle move? (yes, no) other. Yes, it does move freely by flowing.
3. How? (by vibrating, by flowing)

Group 3: Gas

1. What can you say about the arrangement of particles in gas? As for the gas group, you will clearly see that the
(closely packed, near, far) arrangements of particles are far apart from each other
2. Can you infer that gas particles move? (yes, no) and yes they can move from one place to another.
3. How? (by vibrating, by flowing, moving from one place to another
in any direction faster compared to liquid)

Thank you for the wonderful observations of each group! Let’s see if
your answers were correct as we delve deeper!

E. Explain The first activity that we had wherein I showed you this object and
y’all guess if it’s a matter or not. Most of you got all the correct
answer. Sugar, water in a tumbler, stone, leaf, air inside the
balloon, this chair were all matter because all matter is particulate in
nature, which means that all matter is made up of tiny bits of
material known as particle conceived by Democritus, a Greek
Philosopher. Democritus conceived the idea of pounding up a
material until he can no longer reduce the material into much
smaller pieces. Democritus thought that all materials are made up
of tiny particles, he called these particles atoms which comes from
the Greek word “atomos” which means indivisible.

The next activity that we had was “Which is matter? Which is not?

As I was scanning your papers, I noticed that most of your answers

were correct. In activity 1A, you are to identify which samples have
mass. All samples have mass except from light and sound. In B, all
samples occupy space except again for light and sound. In C,
overall, you are to identify which is matter or not. Again, all the
samples are matter except from light and sound.

So, anyone has noticed anything from the result? -Ma’am! I have noticed that matter must have a
mass/weight and it occupy space.

-All the samples have mass and occupy space except

light and sound

-Light and sound doesn’t have mass and it does not

occupy space so it’s not a matter

Yes! You are all correct! Very good observation class!

Now, Matter is anything that occupy space and has mass. Mass is
the fundamental property of matter.

Again, matter must have.

Very good!

Mass and it occupies space!

Ok now, matter has three states which are solid, liquid and gas.
Now that we talked about states of matter which are solid, liquid
and gas. Based on the previous group activity that we had! Each
group presented their observation very well.
I have here another illustration of states of matter for a better view

Now, as for the solid group, based on the illustration you have
observed, the particles are closely packed together in affixed
position. They vibrate a little but still stays in the same position.
They cannot move around and is being held together by strong
forces. Also, solids are incompressible because their intermolecular
forces are so strong that the molecules are essentially locked in
place.

As for the liquid group, they have concluded that the particles are
near or are closer to one another, the attraction between particles
are stronger compared to gases. Particles move and change
positions but not as freely as of those gases. Liquids can flow out of
the container and can be poured into another while maintaining
their volume. This is because there are attractions between the
particles of liquid which hold them together although not in fixed
positions. This attraction also makes it possible for liquids to have a
definite volume.

For gas group, you were right that the particles are far from each
other and move at a random direction very quickly and travel in a
straight-line path. In the process, they collide with one another and
with the wall of the container they change direction when the
rebound from the collisions. Due to the large distances, the forces
of attraction between particles are negligible. This is the reason why
gas spreads and fills all the available space in the container. Gases
takes up the shape of the container because the particles can move
freely to all parts of the container.

This is the summary of the Properties of the States of matter

States of Properties
Matter Volume Shape Particles Attractions
Solid Fixed Fixed Vibrate Strong
volume shape gently but attractions
stays in
the same
position
Liquid Fixed Not fixed; Able to Loose
volume takes the move attractions
shape of freely
container
Gas Not fixed Not fixed Far apart Very weak
volume from each attractions
part
F. Elaborate Let’s now see if you fully understand the lesson. Please get one
whole sheet of paper for the next activity.

Activity 3. Select My Box!

Directions: Inside the box are descriptions of the particle nature of
matter. Choose the letter of the correct description that
characterizes the 5 given samples.

A. The particles are closely packed and are held together by strong
attractive force.
B. The particles are free to move easily and are held together by
attractive force.
C. The particles are far from each other, and they occupy the entire
space available.

1. Book 1. A
2. Raindrops 2. B
3. Perfume in air 3. C
4. Steam produced in cooking rice 4. C
5. Chocolate drink 5. B

Activity 4. Pinpoint!
Directions: Analyze the given situations then answer the questions
below. Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
Situation 1: Hundreds of Grade 8 students were seated in rows
during a science lecture.
Situation 2: The same Grade 8 students were permitted to stay in a
room to have a 10-minute break.
 Situation 3: After the lecture, the students hurried out for their next
class. Which situation above represents:
1. Solid state ______
2. Liquid state ______
3. Gaseous state ______ 1. Situation 1
2. Situation 2
Activity 5. Match Me! 3. Situation 3
Directions: Match the state of matter to its property by writing the
letter of the correct answers on a separate sheet of paper. States of
Matter A. Gas B. Liquid C. Solid Properties
_____ 1. Has a definite shape.
_____ 2. Particles are closely packed.
_____ 3. Particles are held by weak attractive forces. 1. C
_____ 4. Easy flowing in any direction faster compared to liquid. 2. C
_____ 5. Has a definite volume and takes the shape of the 3. A
container 4. A
5. B

G. Extend To assess your learnings. You will take this 15-item test. Get ¼
sheet of paper.

Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write your

answers on a separate sheet of paper.
1. When you are observing a sample of matter you are focusing a 1. C
particular characteristic. What term refers to the characteristics that 2. A
describe a sample of matter? 3. C
A. color B. mass C. property D. volume 4. C
5. A
2. Which of the following given sets of samples are solids? 6. C
A. stone, nail, pen B. ice, water, crayon C. radio, car, gasoline D. 7. B
oxygen, stone, ice cream 8. B
9. C
10. A
3. Which of the following is NOT true about the particles of solids, 11. B
liquids, and gases? 12. B
13. B
A. Liquids have definite volume. 14. B
B. Gas particles are far from each other. 15. B
C. Solids have indefinite shape and volume.
D. Liquids take the shape of their containers.

4. Which of the following statements is FALSE regarding the

particle model of matter?
A. The particles of matter in solid attract each other.
B. The particles of matter in solid are vibrating in a fixed position.
C. The space in between the particles of matter in solid is filled with
air.
D. The particles of matter in a gas are randomly moving in any
direction.

5. Which of the following states of matter allow an easy flow of

particles?
A. Gas and liquid
B. Liquid and solid
C. Solid and gas
D. Solid, liquid, and gas

6. Which of the following has the strongest force of attraction

between the particles?
A. gas B. liquid C. solid D. vacuum

7. Which BEST describes the particles of a solid?

A. completely unmoving
B. vibrating at a fixed position
C. have weak attractive force
D. have large spaces in between
8. Which of the following states of matter has an indefinite shape
and definite volume?
A. gas B. liquid C. solid D. both a and b

For numbers 9-11. Refer to the illustrations given.

Which of the above illustrations represents the particles of solid?

liquid? gas?
9. Gas _________
10. Solid _________
11. Liquid _________

12. When you inflate a balloon with air, it takes the shape and
volume of the container. Why do gases like air do NOT have
definite shape and volume?
A. Because gases are free to move slowly.
B. Because gases have weak attractive forces.
C. Because gases do not have attractive forces.
D. Because gases have strong attractive forces.
13.Which pair of states of matter has indefinite shape?
A. gas and solid B. liquid and gas C. solid and liquid D. none of the above
14. Which of the following statements BEST describes the particles of a
liquid?
A. Particles are closely packed.
 B. Particles are free to move slowly.
C. Particles are far from each other.
D. Particles are held by strong attractive forces.
15. Which of the following samples of matter is held together by strong
attractive forces?
A. water B. ice cubes C. water vapor D. orange juice

H. Evaluate As for your assignment complete this paragraph. Write it down on

your notebook.

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct answer. 1. Particles

Matter is made of tiny (1) _______. It has three states: (2) _______, 2. Solid
(3) _______, and (4) ________. Solid particles have (5) ________ 3. Liquid
shape and volume. These particles vibrate and held together by (6) 4. Gas
_______ attractive forces. Liquid particles have (7) _______ volume 5. Definite
and take the shape of the container. These particles have less 6. Strong
attractive forces, and they easily flow. Gas particles take the volume 7. Definite
and shape of the container. Gas particles are far from each other 8. Weak
and have (8) _______ attractive force. They easily flow in any
direction faster than liquid particles and occupy the entire space
available.

V.
SYNTHESIS/GENERALIZATION How do you find the activities and our lesson for today? Anyone? (Student’s answer may vary)
VI. REMARKS

VII. REFLECTION
a. What difficulties did I
encounter which my
supervisor can help me
solve?

Prepared by:

Jessa A. Bitancur
4th year BSED Science, BUCE
Student-Teacher Intern, BNHS