Republic of the Philippines

DAVAO ORIENTAL
STATE UNIVERS ITY
“A university of excellence, innovation, and inclusion”

SYLLABUS
BANAYBANAY EXTENSION CAMPUS
2nd Semester AY 2024- 2025
1. COURSE NUMBER : BA121
2. COURSE TITLE : Business Law (Obligations and Contracts)
3. COURSE DESCRIPTION : This course provides an essential guide to understanding the
fundamental principles of obligations and contracts. The coursework is typically designed to align with
real-world business scenarios taught from an industry-relevant perspective. It aims to equip students
with practical skills and knowledge necessary to navigate and interpret contracts effectively, identify
potential issues, and provide appropriate remedies or reforms. Through a comprehensive exploration
of the sources, elements, and forms of obligations and contracts, students will gain a deep
understanding of how these concepts operate in the real world. The course is designed to cater to
students enrolled in business courses, providing them with an understanding of the sources of law and
the vast literature on obligations and contracts. This course enables students to apply these principles
to real-life scenarios and develop the skills required to mitigate potential legal issues. It provides a
thorough understanding of the principles of obligations and contracts and equip students with the
practical skills they need to excel in the business world.
4. PRE-REQUISITES : None

COURSE OUTLINE
Time Frame Topic/Task Desired Learning Outcomes (DLO)
(by week)

1 - Orientation
1-25-25 - Giving soft copies of the  Acquaint and familiarize the Vision, Mission, Goals, Objectives,
course outline and Policy of the institution;
- Leveling of expectations  Practice good housekeeping in the classroom assigned;
- Conduct orientation  Share their expectations in the course
related to GAD
 Learn GAD-related issues and concerns

2 General provisions on  Define obligations and enumerate its requisites;

2-01-25 Obligations  Distinguish creditor from debtor and obligee from obligor;
 Enumerate the sources of obligation

3-6 Nature and Effect of  Analyze a hypothetical scenario involving a debtor-creditor

2-08-25 Obligations: relationship and explain the legal rights of debtors and
2-15-25 Presumptions, Remedies creditors;
available to creditors for
2-22-25  Elaborate on the grounds for liability for damages;
the satisfaction of their
Prelim  Identify the breaches of obligations;
claims, and
3-1-25 Transmissibility of rights  Evaluate the remedies available to creditors for the satisfaction
of their claims.

7-8 Primary and Secondary  Identify the different types of obligations based on their legal
3-8-25 Classifications under the characteristics;
3-15-25 Civil Code  Appreciate the differences between joint and solidary
obligations, unilateral and bilateral obligations, real and
personal obligations, and civil and natural obligations.
Republic of the Philippines

DAVAO ORIENTAL
STATE UNIVERS ITY
“A university of excellence, innovation, and inclusion”

SYLLABUS
 Analyze and explain the legal framework for extinguishing
9-10 Extinguishment of
3-22-25 Obligations and Cause of obligations, including the various modes of extinguishment
3-29-25 Extinguishment not under such as payment or performance, loss of the thing due,
Art. 1231. condonation, confusion, compensation, novation and
Midterm prescription;
 Reflect on the impact of impact of extinguishment of
obligations.

11-12 General Provisions on  Define contracts and explain their essential elements;
4-05-25 Contracts  Discuss the general provisions under Articles 1306 to 1317 of
4-12-25
the Civil Code that govern contracts (characteristics of a
contract);
 Describe the different forms of contract and their
characteristics;
 Explain the concept of reformation of instruments and its
importance in contract law.

13-14 Defective Contracts:  Evaluate the legal consequences of defective contracts;

4-26-25 Rescissible Contracts  Kinds of defective contracts: rescissible contracts, voidable
5-03-25
contracts, unenforceable contracts and void contracts
 Explore the elements that may render a contract defective,
including mistake, fraud, undue influence, and violence by
reading the provisions of law;
 Examine the remedies available to parties in defective
contracts, such as rescission, annulment, and damages.

15-16 Voidable Contracts and  Differentiate between voidable contracts and unenforceable
5-17-25 Unenforceable Contracts contracts;
5-24-25
 Identify the circumstances under which a contract may be
classified as voidable or unenforceable;
 Evaluate the legal consequences of voidable and
unenforceable contracts;
 Analyze the legal and ethical considerations involved in the
enforcement or avoidance of such contracts;
 Apply legal principles to hypothetical scenarios to determine
the classification of contracts and the available remedies.

17 Void or Inexistent
5-31-25 Contracts  Define void and inexistent contracts and differentiate them
from other types of contracts;
 Identify the legal requirements for a contract to be valid and
enforceable;
 Recognize the circumstances that may render a contract void
or inexistent, such as lack of consent, illegality, or incapacity of
the parties;
 Analyze the legal consequences of void and inexistent
contracts;
 Evaluate the ethical considerations involved in void and
inexistent contracts;

18 Final
Assessment
Republic of the Philippines

DAVAO ORIENTAL
STATE UNIVERS ITY
“A university of excellence, innovation, and inclusion”

SYLLABUS
6-07-25

References:
De Leon, H. S., & De Leon, H. M. Jr. (2017). The Law on Obligations and Contracts. Rex Bookstore, Inc.:
Manila, Philippines.
Republic of the Philippines. (1950). New Civil Code of the Philippines. Official Gazette. Retrieved from
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1949/06/18/republic-act-no-386/

Note: The New Civil Code of the Philippines was enacted through Republic Act No. 386 on June 18, 1949, and
published in the Official Gazette. The link provided leads to the online version of the Official Gazette,
which includes the full text of the law.

GRADING SYSTEM
Major Examinations 50%
Quizzes 30%
Attendance 10%
Oral Recitation 10%

Total 100%

COURSE REQUIREMENTS
 Attendance
 Long Quizzes
 Oral recitations
 Final assessment

Prepared by:

ATTY. MARIA CONSUELO “BAMBI” T. PALMA GIL-ROFLO, RN,JD

Note:
1. Dress appropriately.
2. Wear your IDs.
3. Study your lessons.
4. Quizzes and recitations every meeting.
5. Attendance sheet.
6. Be on time.
7. Be guided with the course syllabus.
8. Group chat per section.
9. Seat Plan with picture ( hard and soft copy).
10. Venue for classes is at the hallway. Please make sure that the projector
and sound system are ready.
Republic of the Philippines

DAVAO ORIENTAL
STATE UNIVERS ITY
“A university of excellence, innovation, and inclusion”

SYLLABUS