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Bolts-and-Welds

Bolts and welds are essential components in steel design, ensuring structural integrity and safety. Bolted connections are favored for their ease of installation and adjustability, while welded connections provide permanent bonds and rigidity. The choice between bolts and welds depends on structural requirements, cost, and maintenance considerations.

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13 views

Bolts-and-Welds

Bolts and welds are essential components in steel design, ensuring structural integrity and safety. Bolted connections are favored for their ease of installation and adjustability, while welded connections provide permanent bonds and rigidity. The choice between bolts and welds depends on structural requirements, cost, and maintenance considerations.

Uploaded by

cllacuna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bolts and

Welds
Principles of Steel Design
BOLTS AND WELD

Introduction
Bolts and welds are fundamental components in steel design
and structural engineering. These connection methods ensure
structural integrity and safety in steel structures, including
buildings, bridges, and industrial frameworks. Understanding
their properties, advantages, limitations, and design principles
is crucial for effective structural engineering.
PRINCIPLES OF STEEL DESIGN

Bolted Connections

Bolted connections are widely used in


steel structures due to their ease of
installation, adjustability, and ability to
facilitate disassembly. They involve the
use of high-strength bolts to join steel
members.
BOLTS

TYPES OF
BOLTS
BOLTS

ORDINARY BOLTS
(ASTM A307)
Used for non-critical connections
where strength is not a primary
concern.

HIGH STRENGTH BOLTS


(ASTM A325, A490)

Provide greater shear and tensile


strength, used in structural
applications.
BOLTS

Types of Bolted Joints


1) Bearing-Type Connections
Load is transferred through direct
bearing of the bolt shank against the
hole.
Can experience some slip before bearing
resistance develops.

2) Slip-Critical Connections
Load is transferred by friction between
connected surfaces.
Prevents slip under service loads and is
critical in structures subject to vibrations.
BOLTS

ADVANTAGE OF BOLTED CONNECTION DISADVANTAGE OF BOLTED CONNECTION

EASY TO INSTALL AND PRONE TO LOOSENING


INSPECT. DUE TO VIBRATIONS.
ALLOWS FOR DISASSEMBLY HEAVIER COMPARED TO
AND REPLACEMENT. WELDS.
REQUIRES MINIMAL REQUIRES ADDITIONAL
SPECIALIZED LABOR. MATERIAL FOR BOLT
HOLES AND PLATE
OVERLAPS.
WELDED CONNECTIONS

Welded Connections
Welded connections provide a permanent
bond between steel members by fusing
materials together. They are extensively used
where strength and rigidity are essential.
WELDED CONNECTIONS

Types of Welds
1. Fillet Welds
Most common type.
Simple and economical.
Used for lap joints, T-joints, and
corner joints.

1. Groove Welds
Provides full-strength connections.
Requires precise edge preparation.
Used for butt joints and load-
bearing connections.
WELDED CONNECTIONS

ADVANTAGE OF WELDED CONNECTION DISADVANTAGE OF WELDED CONNECTION

REQUIRES SKILLED LABOR AND


PROVIDES CONTINUOUS AND
SPECIALIZED EQUIPMENT.
RIGID CONNECTIONS.
INSPECTION AND QUALITY
NO REDUCTION IN MEMBER
CONTROL ARE MORE
CROSS-SECTION (UNLIKE BOLTED
COMPLEX.
HOLES).
WELDING-INDUCED RESIDUAL
MORE AESTHETICALLY PLEASING
STRESSES AND DISTORTIONS
DUE TO THE ABSENCE OF
CAN AFFECT PERFORMANCE.
PROTRUDING FASTENERS.
DESIGN
CONSIDERATION
WELDED CONNECTIONS

1. Strength Requirements
Bolts are designed based on shear and tensile capacities.
Welds are designed for adequate throat thickness and weld length to handle loads.

2. Serviceability and Fatigue Resistance


Bolted connections may require pre-tensioning in fatigue-prone structures.
Welded connections should avoid abrupt section changes to reduce stress concentrations.

3. Corrosion and Durability


Bolted connections allow for easier replacement in case of corrosion.
Welds must be adequately protected against corrosion through coatings or galvanization.
BOLTS AND WELD

CONCLUSION

Both bolts and welds play a vital role in steel design. The choice
between the two depends on structural requirements, cost,
fabrication feasibility, and maintenance considerations. While bolts
offer flexibility and ease of replacement, welds provide strength
and rigidity. A balanced understanding of their advantages and
limitations ensures efficient and reliable steel structures.
BOLTS AND WELD

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