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Petroleum systems restoration of the Huallaga-Marañon Andean retroforeland

Basin, Peru

Chapter · December 2017

DOI: 10.1306/13602026M1143702

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1 Petroleum systems restoration of the Huallaga-Marañon Andean

2 retroforeland basin, Peru

3 Ysabel Calderon1,2, Patrice Baby2,1, Yessica Vela1, Christian Hurtado1, Adrien Eude2,

4 Martin Roddaz2, Stéphane Brusset2, Gérome Calvès2, Rolando Bolaños1.

6 1. PERUPETRO S.A., Avenida Luis Aldana No 320 San Borja, Lima 41, Peru.

7 2. Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Université de Toulouse, CNRS UMR 5563 /

8 UR 234 IRD / UPS Toulouse / CNES, 14 Avenue Edouard Belin, 31400 Toulouse, France.

10 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

11 This research project was conducted thanks to the IRD-PERUPETRO S.A. research

12 agreement, and received financial support from TOTAL and the Institut Carnot ISIFoR

13 for field surveys and laboratory analysis. This article benefits from constructive review

14 by Felipe Gonzalez-Penagos.

15

16 ABSTRACT

17 The Huallaga-Marañon retroforeland basin system of northern Peru is deformed by

18 both thick- and thin-skinned tectonics. The thrust system is complex and resulted from

19 the reactivation of a west-verging Permian fold and thrust belt capped by an important

20 salt detachment. This paper presents a 2D petroleum modeling from an updated

21 balanced cross-section and sequential restoration through the Huallaga-Marañon

22 wedge-top basin. The sequential restoration has been calibrated by

23 thermochronological dating and thickness variations in Cenozoic synorogenic

24 sediments. It shows two important stages of the deformation (Middle Eocene & Late

25 Early Miocene). Late Triassic/Early Jurassic Pucara Group and Late Cretaceous (Raya &

26 Chonta Fms) classic source rocks are present in the Huallaga-Marañon foreland basin,

27 but the revision of the stratigraphy replaced in its updated structural context allowed

28 us to highlight a new Late Permian source rock (Shinai Fm.). 2D modeling of kerogens

29 maturity evolution and HC accumulations in the sequential restoration shows that first

30 Andean structures (Middle Eocene and Late Early Miocene) could preserve HC

31 accumulations in the Chazuta thrust sheet foot-wall. In the eastern Marañon basin,

32 more recent structures (Late Miocene-Pliocene) as Santa Lucia could also have been

33 charged. Deep sub-thrust structures stay unexplored in the Peruvian fold and thrust

34 belts. The Huallaga-Marañon foreland system is probably the best example of sub-trap

35 attractiveness in Peru.

36

37
38 INTRODUCTION

39 Among the 55 fold and thrust belts of the world (Cooper, 2007), only a few examples

40 have been subject of 2D petroleum modeling. Such modeling needs well-constrained

41 balanced cross-section, thrusts propagation dating and good information of the

42 regional petroleum system. These conditions are met in the Subandean basins of Peru,

43 in particular in the Huallaga-Marañon retroforeland basin system (Figure 1) whose

44 hydrocarbon potential is proven but poorly evaluated. The Huallaga-Marañon fold

45 and thrust foreland basin contains Paleozoic and Mesozoic source rocks, Mesozoic

46 reservoirs, sub-thrust traps, but remains in an immature exploration stage. From west

47 to east, thick syn-orogenic Cenozoic sedimentation and thrust sheets propagation have

48 controlled a complex burial and erosion history, which can be deciphered from an

49 integrated geological study.

50 The object of this study is to present for the first time a 2D petroleum systems

51 modeling from an updated regional balanced cross-section through the Huallaga-

52 Marañon retroforeland basin system. A sequential restoration of the deformation,

53 calibrated by thermochronological dating and thickness variations in Cenozoic

54 synorogenic sediments, has been reconstituted and then used for the 2D petroleum

55 systems modeling. The study has been performed using the MOVE and PetroMod

56 softwares. Main structural results, kinematic and petroleum history evolution are

57 presented. The oil and gas potential is re-assessed with a new vision of the

58 stratigraphic and structural context. These results have been achieved thanks to the

59 recent researches carried out under the PERUPETRO S.A. - IRD cooperation and

60 partnership agreement.
61 TECTONIC BACKGROUND

62 The Marañon and Huallaga Subandean sub-basins are located in the Andean-

63 Amazonian transitional area, the so-called Northern Amazonian Foreland Basin

64 (Espurt et al., 2007, 2011). They are classically interpreted as the components of a wide

65 retroforeland basin system, where the Huallaga Subandean area is conventionally

66 correlated to the wedge-top depozone and the Marañon area to the foredeep depozone

67 (Hermoza et al., 2005; Roddaz et al., 2005). Thermochronological dating shows that the

68 North Amazonian Foreland Basin started to acquire its modern configuration between

69 30 and 24 Ma (Eude et al., 2015) with the development of the Huallaga syn-orogenic

70 wedge-top basin (Hermoza et al., 2005). The Huallaga thrusts system is characterized

71 by a strong horizontal shortening. To the west, the Andean Eastern Cordillera, which

72 acted as the deformable backstop, corresponds to the tectonic inversion of the pre-

73 Andean Triassic rift (Rosas et al., 2007; Eude et al., 2015). Several versions of balanced

74 cross-section have already been constructed in the Huallaga-Marañon foreland basin

75 system (Gil, 2001; Hermoza et al., 2005 and Eude et al., 2015). They show the

76 importance of thin-skinned tectonics controlled by a regional evaporitic layer whose

77 age is discussed below. A total horizontal shortening around 80-90 km has been

78 calculated by these authors. To the east of the Huallaga thrust front, the southern

79 Marañon basin is deformed by a modern and still active thick-skinned tectonics, and

80 should then be seen as the contemporaneous wedge-top rather than the foredeep of the

81 foreland basin system. Seismic sections show east and west-verging basement thrusts,

82 which branch on a deep detachment (Devlin et al., 2012; Eude et al., 2015). West

83 verging thrusts are inherited from Permian thrusts of the Pan Gondwanian orogeny
 84 (Calderon et al., 2014). This basement thrusts system plunges to the west below the

85 Huallaga piggyback basin and interferes with thin-skinned deformation of the

86 sedimentary cover. The Cushabatay High, in the Huallaga-Marañon transition zone, is

87 the geomorphologic expression of such structures. The complex Huallaga-Marañon

88 orogenic wedge is illustrated and described later in our updated balanced cross-

89 section.

90 North of the studied regional cross-section (Figure 1), the Marañon basin is

91 progressively deepening and deformation is weaker. It constitutes a foredeep

92 depozone limited in the west by the Santiago Subandean fold and thrust belt (PARSEP,

93 2001), and in the east by the Iquitos forebulge (Roddaz et al., 2005). To the north, it

94 extends with the Oriente basin of Ecuador (Balkwill et al., 1995; Baby et al., 2013).

95 STRATIGRAPHY

96 The sedimentary cover involved in the deformation of the Huallaga-Marañon foreland

97 basin system consists of a pre-Andean series, unconformably overlain by a marine to

98 continental late Cretaceous sedimentary wedge thinning to the NE, and by a Cenozoic

99 foreland continental and shallow marine infill. It is illustrated by the updated

100 stratigraphic diagram of the Figure 3.

101 The pre-Andean series comprises remnants of Ordovician, Devonian, Carboniferous

102 and Permian clastic and carbonated marine deposits, partly eroded below a Late

103 Permian unconformity that marked the onset of a long period of rifting and post-rift

104 regional sag (Rosas et al., 2007). This unconformity is overlain by a regional layer of

105 evaporite, long regarded as Jurassic in age despite the absence of real dating (PARSEP,
106 2001; Moretti et al., 2013). Recent revisions of regional stratigraphy based on subsurface

107 correlations, thanks to new seismic information (PERUPETRO S.A. database) and new

108 field observations, allowed us to reconsider the stratigraphic position of this important

109 regional layer of salt, which acted as the mean detachment of the Huallaga thrusts

110 system (Hurtado et al., 2014; Baby et al., 2014). It outcrops on the Callanayacu Diapir,

111 east of the Chazuta thrust (Huallaga thrust front; see Figure 2) along the Huallaga

112 river, where evaporites are covered by marine black shales, limestones and dolomites.

113 These marine deposits could never be dated. North-south seismic correlations from the

114 South Marañon basin to the Ucayali basin show that they correspond to the Shinai

115 Formation (Hurtado et al., 2014; Baby et al., 2014) defined and dated from the Late

116 Permian in the Camisea area (Seminario et al., 2005 and reference therein). Along the

117 Huallaga River, the Shinai Formation is overlain by approximately 2000 meters of

118 aeolian and fluvial sandstones and silts, which can be correlated with the Lower Nia

119 reservoir of the Camisea area (Seminario et al., 2005) and the overlaying Sarayaquillo

120 Formation. These continental series are considered as Triassic and Jurassic in age

121 (PARSEP, 2001; Seminario et al., 2005). To the west, the aeolian sandstones laterally

122 pass to the continental Mitu rift and marine Pucara post-rift deposits outcropping in

123 the Eastern Cordillera (Rosas et al., 2007), where they overlay directly the basement

124 known as Marañon Complex (Wilson, 1985). This lateral change occurs apparently in

125 the Huallaga basin-Eastern Cordillera transition zone and corresponds to the eastern

126 Mitu rift border. The tectonic inversion of the Mitu rift has controlled the deformation

127 and propagation of the Eastern Cordillera deformable backstop of the Subandean fold

128 and thrust belt.

129 After a major sedimentary hiatus (110-120 Ma), corresponding probably to the Andean

130 breakup foreland unconformity, late Cretaceous sequences were deposited. They

131 comprise Albian to Maastrichtian fluvial to shallow marine cyclic sequences of

132 sandstones, shales and limestones (Cushabatay-Raya; Agua Caliente-Chonta; Vivian-

133 Cachiyacu-Huchpayacu; see Figure 3). These eastward-thinning sequences were

134 deposited in the Andean-Amazonian retroforeland basin controlled by the tectonic

135 loading of the incipient Andean orogenic wedge. They constitute today the main

136 petroleum systems of the Oriente-Marañon prolific oil province (Marksteiner &

137 Aleman, 1997; Barragan et al., 2008). Reservoirs corresponds to fluvio-deltaic and tide-

138 dominated estuarine deposits of the Cushabatay, Agua Caliente and Vivian

139 formations, and source rocks are constituted by shales and limestones of the Raya and

140 Chonta formations (Mathalone & Montoya, 1995; PARSEP, 2001).

141 The Cenozoic foreland infill presents important lateral variations from the Huallaga

142 hinterland to the Marañon foreland. It has been well described in terms of foreland

143 system depositional environments controlled by thrusts propagation by Hermoza et al.

144 (2005) and Roddaz et al. (2010). The Paleocene-Early Eocene sequence starts with the

145 fluvial and tidal sandstones of the Casa Blanca Formation (Gil, 2001 and references

146 therein), comparable to the Vivian reservoir. It passes gradually to red siltstones and

147 mudstones forming distal fluvial deposits (Yahuarango Fm.). The Middle Eocene-

148 Oligocene sequence overlies a regional erosional unconformity, which extends to the

149 north in Ecuador and Colombia. This erosion has been interpreted as an unloading

150 orogenic period (Christophoul et al., 2002; Roddaz et al., 2010). The Middle-Upper

151 Pozo Formation developed in shallow marine environment and recorded a new
152 orogenic loading period. It is overlaid by the Oligocene silts and sandstones of the

153 Chambira Formation. The Neogene sequence recorded the development of the modern

154 Huallaga wedge-top depozone and a strong subsidence in a deltaic environment

155 evolving progressively to an alluvial system (Hermoza et al., 2005). This thick Neogene

156 sequence corresponds to the main charge of the petroleum systems.

157 BALANCED CROSS-SECTION, DEFORMATION TIMING AND SEQUENTIAL

158 RESTORATION

159 The balanced cross-section (Figure 5) has been updated from previous versions (Gil,

160 2001; Hermoza et al., 2005; Eude et al., 2015) and news interpretations of some surface

161 and sub-surface data. The differences from the Eude’s version are the stratigraphic

162 position of the salt detachment (Late Permian instead of Jurassic, see above and Figure

163 3) and the structural interpretation of the Eastern Cordillera-Huallaga basin transition.

164 The balanced cross-section has been constructed using the Midland Valley Move 2015

165 software on the basis of the flexural-slip algorithm, assuming constant bed length and

166 thickness and constant area for salt units and Neogene infill. The cross-section is ~ 420

167 km long from the Eastern Cordillera to the Marañon foreland (Figure 2). Its orientation

168 is orthogonal to the arcuate shape of the Huallaga thrust front (Chazuta thrust) and is

169 consistent with the thrust movement direction (bow-and-arrow rule). Surface data

170 were obtained from our field surveys (see Eude et al., 2015) and 1:100,000 INGEMMET

171 (Instituto Nacional Geológico, Minero y Metalúrgico del Perú) geologic maps. Seismic

172 sections and wells (see Figure 2 for location) were provided by PERUPETRO S.A. The

173 cross-section was restored at the base of the Pozo Formation which sealed a regional

174 erosive planar unconformity (Christophoul et al., 2002).

175 The seismic reflection sections used for the construction of the balanced cross-section

176 were presented in detail in Eude et al. (2015). In the Marañon basin, they show east-

177 verging basement thrusts branched on an intra-basement detachment, which deform

178 the entire Neogene series (Figure 4). Thicknesses and stratigraphy are constrained by

179 the Ponasillo 1X, Loreto 1X, Santa Lucia 2X, La Frontera 3X and Tamanco 1X wells

180 (location in Figure 2). West to the Loreto 1X well, seismic reflection shows west verging

181 basement thrusts inherited from a Permian fold and thrust belt (Calderon et al., 2014).

182 Below the Huallaga basin, this reactivated thrust system is evidenced by both seismic

183 imagery (Figure 4B) and seismic activity (Devlin et al., 2012). The best topographic

184 expression of this deep deformation coincides with the Cushabatay High, east of the

185 Huallaga thrust front (Chazuta thrust), where merges the Callanayacu diapir structure

186 (Figure 5). The Callanayacu structure is a diapir of Late Permian evaporite deformed at

187 the top of the Cushabatay High mega-duplex, which developed between the intra-

188 basement detachment and the salt detachment. In the Huallaga basin, the Mesozoic

189 and Cenozoic cover is intensely deformed by thin-skinned tectonics, which propagated

190 on the thick and continuous Late Permian evaporite layer at the top of the basement

191 horses. The 91MPH23 seismic section (Figure 4A) clearly shows the large overthrusting

192 of the Chazuta thrust sheet, whose eastward displacement is approximately 40 km.

193 More to the west, the Biabo anticline is a major fault propagation fold that developed

194 in the thick almost continuous Neogene infill (Miocene and Pliocene) of the Huallaga

195 wedge-top depozone. The Huallaga-Eastern Cordillera transition zone corresponds to

196 a broad Neogene syncline transported on the inverted Triassic rift system. This

197 inversion is well illustrated by the palinspastic restorations of the balanced cross-

198 section (Figure 5). A total horizontal shortening of 70 km has been calculated.
199 In the study area, new apatite fission-tracks (AFT) dating allowed to constrain the

200 timing of exhumation of the main thrust structures. These AFT analyses were done at

201 Geotrack International Pty Ltd in 2014. They are presented in the Table 1, and reported in

202 the geological map of Figure 2 and on the cross-sections of Figure 5. They are relative

203 to three samples collected in the Eastern Cordillera-Huallaga basin transition, the

204 Chazuta Thrust and the Callanayacu Diapir. For each sample AFT analysis, we used

205 the BinomFit software to statistically deconvolve grain-age distribution, and determine

206 the youngest cooling event (Brandon, 1996; Brandon et al., 1998) (see Table 1). The

207 three youngest cooling events ages range from 23.2 Ma in the Eastern Cordillera-

208 Huallaga basin transition to 5.8 Ma in the Callanayacu Diapir, and show a decrease

209 towards the east. We interpret this phenomenon as a classic in-sequence propagation

210 and exhumation of the thrusts system. The sample collected on the Chazuta thrust

211 gave a youngest exhumation event of 16.4 Ma, which is consistent with the AFT age of

212 one other Jurassic sample collected in the Biabo anticline (TRU070, see Eude et al.

213 2015). This cooling event age has been also interpreted as thrust related uplift.

214 In the sequential restoration of Figure 5, the initial stage of the balanced cross-section

215 corresponds to the Middle Eocene configuration during the Pozo deposits, which

216 sealed a regional planar unconformity (Christophoul et al., 2002). It shows that weak

217 thrust structures, as the Biabo anticline o the west-verging basement horse of the

218 Chazuta thrust foot-wall (CTFW in the Figure 5), were partially developed at this

219 period. Growth strata observable on the seismic show this weak deformation is

220 Senonian and Paleocene in age. The second stage has been chosen to illustrate the Late

221 Early Miocene thrusts exhumation event recorded by the AFT analysis of the Chazuta
222 thrust sample (Table 1) and of the Biabo anticline sample (Eude et al., 2015). It also

223 corresponds to a strong sedimentation stage that must be considerate as fundamental

224 in the understanding of the petroleum systems evolution. In the restoration, according

225 to the study of Eude et al. (2015), we consider that the closure temperature of AFT

226 (~110°C) corresponds to a depth of approximately 4.3 km that we replaced in the

227 intermediate stage. In this Late Early Miocene stage, the Triassic rift of the Eastern

228 Cordillera was partly inverted and the Biabo and Chazuta structures well developed.

229 Total horizontal shortening was 31 km. In the Chazuta thrust foot-wall, a west verging

230 basement thrust structure was uplifted and interfered with the Chazuta thrust

231 propagation. This basement uplift has been recorded by growth strata from Late

232 Cretaceous to Miocene times. In the centre of the Huallaga wedge-top depozone, the

233 Cenozoic charge reached more than 8 km thickness.

234 SOURCES ROCKS

235 To describe the mean source rocks of the study area, unpublished geochemical

236 analyses of the PERUPETRO data bank have been used and augmented with new data

237 collected by sampling outcrops close to the regional cross-section (see Figure 2 and

238 Table 2).

239 The Late Cretaceous Chonta and Raya Formations and the Late Triassic/Early Jurassic

240 Pucara Group have always been considered as the classic source rocks of the

241 hydrocarbons found in the Cretaceous Reservoirs of the Marañon Basin (Core

242 laboratories, 1996, 1999; PARSEP, 2001). The PARSEP study concluded that these

243 source rocks in the basin and neighboring areas present sufficiently TOC, effective

244 thickness and maturity to have generated the commercial amounts of hydrocarbons
245 presently found in the oil fields of the Marañon Basin, and that such accumulations

246 imply a long range remigration from these source rock kitchen areas to reservoir.

247 While it is true that the Chonta and Raya source rocks have been proved to produce oil

248 in the Huallaga and Marañon basins, the Pucara source rock geographic distribution is

249 more controversial. As shown above in the stratigraphic discussion (Figure 3), the

250 marine deposits considered as Pucara source rock in the Cushabatay High have been

251 never dated, and can been interpreted as Late Permian (Shinai Fm.) thanks to north-

252 south seismic and wells correlations.

253 This new proposal for the petroleum systems of the Huallaga and Southern Marañon

254 basins appears in the Figure 3.

255 Devonian-Carboniferous (Cabanillas)

256 The only Devonian source rock known along our cross-section is the Cabanillas Fm.

257 (see Figure 3) reached by the La Frontera 3X well in the Marañon basin (see Table 2). It

258 is considered as a Type III source rock (Baseline Geochemical Solutions, Infologic,

259 2006). Seismic sections (Figure 4) show that this Paleozoic series has been strongly

260 eroded before the Mesozoic rifting period. Its presence below the Huallaga basin is not

261 proven, and probably very hypothetical. In the La Frontera 3X well, the Cabanillas

262 source rock is overmature and the TOC values vary between 0.7 and 2%.

263 Late Permian (Shinai)

264 East of the Chazuta thrust, in the Cushabatay High area (Figures 2, 5), the black shales

265 of the Shinai Fm., previously considered as part of the Pucara Group, have been

266 recently analysed (see Table 2). In fact, poor data are known about the oil potential of
267 the Shinai source rock. It contains Type III kerogens (Figure 8) and the TOC value can

268 reach 6 %. In the outcrops of the Callanayacu Diapir, kerogen maturity is low

269 (T=432°C; Ro equivalent between 0.5 and 06) and recorded a weak sedimentary charge,

270 which is consistent with the sequential restoration of the Figure 5. From field data, it is

271 estimated that effective thickness of the Shinai source rock can vary between 50 and

272 170 m. Its geographic distribution is poorly constrained in the west and the north, but

273 well identified in the south towards the Camisea gas field (see location in Figure 1)

274 thanks to seismic and well correlations (Figure 6D).

275 Late Triassic/Lower Jurassic (Pucara)

276 The Pucara source rock interval corresponds to a bituminous carbonate with

277 interbedded organic rich shale sections, known as Aramachay Fm. in the Peruvian

278 stratigraphic nomenclature (Rosas et al., 2007 and reference therein). It is outcropping

279 in the Eastern Cordillera and in the Huallaga-Eastern Cordillera transition zone (Figure

280 5). The Pucara Group deposits were controlled by post-rift regional subsidence and

281 marine inundation during the Late Triassic and the Early Jurassic (Rosas et al., 2007).

282 The main source rock sequence (Aramachay Fm.) was deposited during the period of

283 maximum flooding. The Pucara marine deposits are confined to the western part of the

284 studied regional cross-section (Figure 5), the Huallaga-Eastern Cordillera transition

285 zone, which corresponds to the eastern border of the inverted Triassic rift system. They

286 laterally grade to the continental sandstones and silts of the Lower Nia and

287 Sarayaquillo formations (Figure 3). Good data are known about the oil potential of the

288 Pucara source rock. Its geographic distribution is limited to the Eastern Cordillera and

289 the Eastern Cordillera-Subandean wedge transition zone (Figure 6C). In the Eastern
290 Cordillera, from the 1:100,000 INGEMMET geologic maps, we estimated that the

291 effective thickness of the Pucara source rock might exceed 2000 m in the deeper part of

292 the Triassic rift. Analyses of samples in the Eastern Cordillera (see Table 2) show that it

293 contains Type III kerogens (Figure 8) with TOC average value of 2.5 % (Figure 5C).

294 Some of these samples are thermally mature and other overmature (Figure 7C),

295 reflecting a complex geologic history of the Eastern Cordillera. These data are

296 consistent with the hydrocarbon source potential of the Santiago Fm. in the Cutucu

297 Cordillera of Ecuador (Gaibor et al., 2008), which corresponds to the northern

298 prolongation of the Peruvian Santiago basin (Figures 1, 6C, 7C). The Ecuadorian

299 Santiago Formation is the temporal equivalent of the Peruvian Aramachay Formation.

300 Late Cretaceous

301 Two Late Cretaceous black shale and limestone levels have been identified as source

302 rocks in the Huallaga and Marañon basins (Core laboratories, 1996, 1999; PARSEP,

303 2001). They correspond to the Raya and Chonta shallow marine deposits (see

304 stratigraphic diagram of Figure 3). Their regional distribution, TOC and maturity are

305 showed on the maps of Figures 6 and 7.

306 The Chonta kerogens are Type III and Type II-III (Figure 8) with TOC values typically

307 in the 2-3% range (Figure 6A). The Chonta source rock is well developed north of the

308 study area where it constitutes the main source rock of the Oriente-Marañon prolific oil

309 province (Marksteiner & Aleman, 1997; Barragan et al., 2008). Effective source rock

310 thickness is estimated to 800 m in the Biabo foot-wall syncline and 60 m in the eastern

311 Marañon depozone. Organic matter is more marine in the western Huallaga basin and
312 becomes terrestrial in the eastern Marañon. Vitrinite reflectance data reach 1.1% west

313 of the Subandean thrust front and decrease to 0.45 % in the Marañon foreland (Figure

314 7A).

315 The Raya source rocks are Type II and Type II-III (Figure 8). The TOC values are in the

316 1-2% range (Figure 6B), and vitrinite reflectance data are relatively constant between

317 0.5 and 0.6 %. The average effective source rock thickness is estimated to 160 m in the

318 western region and 35 m in the eastern Marañon basin. As the Chonta source rock, it is

319 more marine in the west and becomes terrestrial in the east.

320 The Cushabatay and Agua Caliente formations present some thin levels of potential

321 source rocks (not proven), that seem negligible at the basin scale.

322 Oil affinity background

323 Two oil seeps, Chazuta and Callanayacu, outcrop in the study area (Figure 2) and have

324 been analysed (Jarvie and McCaffrey, 2001). These authors distinguished separate

325 sources for each oil seep. They concluded that the Callanayacu oil was derived from a

326 carbonate or marl, while the Chazuta oil was derived from shale. Mathalone and

327 Montoya (1995) state that the northern Marañon basin oils originate from a Cretaceous

328 source while the southern Marañon basin oils are likely derived from a Permian

329 source. This is consistent with the geographic distribution of the Shinai source rock that

330 we are proposing (Figures 6D, 7D). Idemitsu Oil & Gas Company Ltd. (2000) provided

331 a detailed geochemical characterization of 42 crude oils and 11 condensates, and 73

332 extracts from source rocks of different ages from the different Subandean basins of
333 Peru. In the Marañon basin, they correlated crude oils with Permian and Cretaceous

334 sources rocks too (Figure 9).

335 PETROLEUM SYSTEMS MODELING

336 Method and data gathering

337 The basin analysis is a basic tool that let petroleum exploration to integrate the

338 principles of maturity history, hydrocarbon generation, expulsion and migration in a

339 dynamic setting in order to understand the petroleum system and to verify different

340 exploration scenarios (Waples, 1980, 1994; Tissot et al., 1987; Hermanrud, 1993; Yalçin

341 et al., 1997; Hantschel and Kauerauf, 2009). In fold and thrust belts, the key point is the

342 relative timing between thrust emplacement and hydrocarbon migration (Baby et al.,

343 1995; Moretti et al., 1996; Faure et al., 2004; Cooper, 2007). Petroleum modeling of

344 balanced cross-section and respective sequential restoration is a necessary approach to

345 deal with this problem.

346 In our study, we used the Schlumberger 1D and 2D Petromod software to model the

347 burial history of the sequential restoration of the Huallaga-Marañon regional cross-

348 section (Figure 5). In order to calibrate the thermal and petroleum system modeling,

349 we compiled and used Rock-Eval-TOC and Vitrinite Reflectance (Ro) data of source

350 rocks from the PERUPETRO databank. Some news outcrops analyses have also been

351 performed (see Table 2). Subsurface temperature data of the Ponasillo 1X, Loreto 1X,

352 Santa Lucia 2X, La Frontera 3X and Tamanco 1X wells were also considered for the

353 calibration (see Figure 2 for location). The present crustal heat flow of the Huallaga-

354 Marañon foreland system has been analysed by a few authors. There is a general
355 agreement on the fact that it varies between 40 to 60 mW/m2 (Ocola, 1985; Hamza,

356 1996). The heat-flow history of our modeling is based on source rock maturity and

357 wells subsurface temperature data. Along our structural cross-section (Figure 5), we

358 obtained a heat flow of 45mW/m2 in the western Huallaga area (Ponasillo 1X

359 calibration) decreasing gradually to 35mW/m2 in the western Marañon basin (Santa

360 Lucia 2X calibration) and increasing to 45mW/m2 in its eastern part (La Frontera 3X

361 and Tamanco 1X calibrations). A value of 60mW/m2 has been assigned to the Triassic

362 rifting period.

363 The stratigraphy and geohistory input corresponds to the stratigraphic diagram of

364 Figure 3. The paleobathymetries for the sedimentary sequences involved in the

365 Huallaga Marañon foreland system were assigned according to the sedimentary

366 environments described more above in the stratigraphic framework. The sediment-

367 water interface temperature was calculated from the paleobathymetry and the model

368 loaded in Petromod and obtained from Global Mean Surface Temperature based on

369 Wygrala (1994).

370 1D modeling results

371 1D burial and thermal history models have been used to calibrate the subsidence,

372 erosion and thermal evolution. We have done 1D modeling for 25 wells and 1

373 pseudowell in the Marañon and Huallaga basins. However, we presented only the

374 results of five wells close to the regional cross-section (Figures 2, 5). One pseudowell

375 (Biabo hanging-wall syncline) has been also modeled in the deepest part of the

376 Huallaga wedge-top depozone to evaluate the charge history.

377 Generally, the major geologic events identified in basin modeling coincide with

378 erosional events. In our case (see Figure 3), the most important is the pre-Cretaceous

379 erosional event which sealed the Jurua Orogeny described in the Solimoes and Acre

380 basins of northern Brazil (Caputo, 2014) and in the Ucayali basin (Baby et al., 2014;

381 Hurtado et al., 2014). This erosion is strong towards the east and decreases rapidly

382 towards the west. In the Marañon foreland basin, the La Frontera 3X vitrinite

383 reflectance profile (Ro) versus depth (Figure 10) shows an important offset at the base

384 of the Cretaceous Cushabatay Formation reflecting a difference of maturity on both

385 sides of the pre-Cretaceous erosional surface. The 1D modeling (Figure 11) allowed us

386 to compute that 2800 meters of erosion are necessary to fit with the onset of the Ro

387 profile. The seismic section BP19 (Figure 4B) and the balanced cross-section (Figure 5)

388 show this angular erosional unconformity disappears gradually towards the

389 Cushabatay High. In the Huallaga wedge-top basin, the Ro profile versus depth of the

390 Ponasillo 1X well confirms that the pre-Cretaceous erosional event is absent or

391 insignificant. As regards intra-Cenozoic and intra-Cretaceous erosions, Ro profiles in

392 all wells show they have been insignificant too. The Figure 10 underlines the iso-

393 vitrinite reflectance curves in the regional cross-section and shows that a part of the

394 Neogene charge is currently eroded. In the Marañon basin, the 1D modeling was used

395 to estimate the amount of erosion which decreases from around 3000 m in the west to

396 1000 m in the east. This strong erosion started in the Early Pliocene as shown by the

397 Apatite Fission Track dating of the exhumation of the Cushabatay High (see sample

398 HUA330 in Figure 5 and Table 1). This is consistent with our sequential restoration

399 (Figure 5) where, during the Pliocene, the southern part of the Marañon basin evolved

400 from a foredeep depozone to a wedge-top depozone. During the Eocene,

401 sedimentation rates were already controlled by thrust propagation and decreased from

402 west to east. In the Biabo area, the entire Cenozoic series is currently preserved in the

403 synclines where its thickness can reach 8000 m. From the Middle Eocene, in this part of

404 the Huallaga basin, the foreland subsidence related to the tectonic loading of the

405 Eastern Cordillera increased rapidly and was continuous as shown by the 1D fictive

406 well modeling in the western Biabo syncline (4 in Figure 11). Consequently, from the

407 Middle Eocene, all sources rocks were progressively entering in gas window in the

408 western Huallaga basin. More to the east, the subsidence stopped during the Miocene o

409 Pliocene and source rocks maturity is lower (Figure 11).

410 2D modeling results

411 The 2D modeling allows full integration of tectonic events, structural restoration, facies

412 variation and source rock maturity through time. The project has been applied to the

413 sequential restoration of the regional cross-section presented in Figure 5. The modeling

414 was primarily based on 3 sets of input data: 1) structural analysis, facies definition and

415 data that comprised balanced restoration, AFTA calibration; 2) heat flow history

416 calibrated by the 1D modeling presented above; 3) stratigraphic and geohistory from

417 the stratigraphic diagram of Figure 3.

418 The 2D modeling was conducted with the four effective source rocks presented above

419 (Chonta, Raya, Pucara, Shinai Fms). The Cabanillas source rock has been omitted

420 because it has been largely eroded before the Mesozoic rifting period. Potential and

421 characteristics of these four source rocks have been yet discussed (Figures 6, 7, 8).

422 Kinematic parameters Type III of Behar et al (1997) have been applied for Chonta,
423 Pucara and Shinai Formations and Type II of Behar et al (1997) for Raya Formation.

424 The model was simulated using the hybrid migration method in Petromod

425 (combination of both Darcy and Flow path algorithms).

426 The Figure 12 represents the evolution of the maturity windows (Ro) through times for

427 the four potential sources rocks and in the three stages of the sequential restoration of

428 the regional cross-section. It shows a logic vertical and eastward migration of oil and

429 gas kitchens through times. During the Middle Eocene, the Shinai source rock is in gas

430 window or late oil window. To the west, in the kitchen of the Late Triassic/Lower

431 Jurassic post-rift basin, a large proportion of the Pucara source rock is yet overmature

432 and the rest is in gas window. The Cretaceous source rocks are in oil window or

433 immature. In the intermediate stage of the Late Early Miocene, pre-Cretaceous source

434 rocks are overmature, and Cretaceous source rocks are overmature or in oil and gas

435 windows in the structural hights. In the current stage, a few parts of the Cushabatay

436 Hyght and Marañon foreland stay in oil window. The Figure 13 reflects also the

437 maturity evolution through times but in terms of transformation of the kerogens into

438 hydrocarbons. It confirms that pre-Cretaceous kerogens were nearly fully transformed

439 in the Middle Eocene stage. Cretaceous source rocks generation occurred essentially

440 between Middle Eocene and Late Early Miocene. In the Figure 14, hydrocarbon

441 saturation, vectors of migrations and accumulations computed by Petromod are

442 represented. The current stage shows attractive accumulations in sub-thrust structures

443 below the large Chazuta thrust sheet. Two oil and gas accumulations (Vivian and

444 Lower Nia reservoirs) appear in the big west-verging sub-thrust structure located in

445 the foot-wall of the Chazuta front. Gas accumulations are also present in the deeper
446 sub-thrust antiform. The modeling suggests oil and gas surface accumulations on the

447 Callanayacu structure, which is consistent with the oil seeps outcropping in this area

448 (see map of Figure 2 and cross-section of Figure 5). More to the east, oil accumulation is

449 suggested in Cretaceous reservoir of the Santa Lucia basement thrust fold. The Santa

450 Lucia 2X exploration well, which has been drilled in the western flank of the structure,

451 confirmed the presence of hydrocarbon traces (tar) in Cretaceous reservoirs. In the

452 deeper part of the Santa Lucia structure, the petroleum simulation shows gas

453 accumulation in the Triassic reservoir (Lower Nia) below the basal Cushabatay

454 unconformity, in a probable stratigraphic trap.

455 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION

456 The Huallaga-Marañon foreland basin shows both thick- and thin-skinned

457 deformation. The thrust system is complex and resulted from the reactivation of a

458 west-verging Permian fold and thrust belt capped by an important salt detachment.

459 Stratigraphic correlations show that this salt must be considered as Late Permian in

460 age. It apparently deposited during the early stage of the well-known Triassic Mitu rift

461 event (Rosas et al., 2007). The inversion of the eastern border of this rift corresponds to

462 the deformable back-stop of the Huallaga wedge-top basin. The construction of a

463 balanced cross-section allowed us to calculate a total horizontal shortening of 70 km,

464 whose 57% was accommodated in one single thrust sheet (Chazuta thrust). A three-

465 stage sequential restoration of the balanced cross-section has been proposed thanks to

466 kinematic constrains. New thermochronological dating confirmed a Late Oligocene age

467 of the onset of the last phase of the deformation and an in-sequence thrust propagation.

468 In the Marañon foreland, the younger structures started to uplift in the Pliocene. In the
469 Late Early Miocene stage, the Huallaga wedge-top is well developed (50% of the total

470 horizontal shortening) and the fold and thrust belt is buried by thick syn-depositional

471 sediments. A pre-Middle Eocene compressive deformation is sealed by the shallow

472 marine Pozo deposits in the Huallaga wedge-top basin. Growth strata show this weak

473 deformation developed during the Senonian and Paleocene. It is well-known in the

474 neighbouring Oriente basin of Ecuador, where the most productive oil fields have been

475 structured during this period (Baby et al., 2013).

476 Late Cretaceous classic source rocks (Chonta, Raya) are present in the Huallaga-

477 Marañon foreland basin system. The revision of the stratigraphy replaced in its

478 updated structural context allowed us to highlight a new Late Permian source rock

479 (Shinai). The Late Triassic/Early Jurassic Pucara source rock is confined to the Eastern

480 Cordillera-Huallaga basin transition zone above the inverted Triassic rift, while the

481 Shinai source rock seems represented in the rest of the study area. Oils-source rocks

482 correlations in the Marañon basin (see Figure 9) are coherent with this new geographic

483 distribution.

484 The 1D Petromod modeling of 6 wells along the structural cross-section (Figures 10, 11)

485 highlights the intensity of the pre-Cushabatay erosion in the Marañon foreland, which

486 decreases progressively towards the west. This strong erosion postdated probably the

487 Jurua Orogeny described in the Solimoes and Acre basins of northern Brazil (Caputo,

488 2014) and in the Ucayali basin (Baby et al., 2014; Hurtado et al., 2014). This 1D

489 modeling also shows a strong erosion of the Marañon foreland during the Pliocene.

490 Since 5 Ma, the southern Marañon basin evolved from a foredeep depozone to a wedge

491 top depozone, which corresponds nowadays to the Andean orogenic front.
492 As in other fold and thrust belts, the expulsion timing versus thrusts emplacement

493 timing is the key point for the exploration. Kerogens maturity evolution and HC

494 migrations and accumulations in the sequential restoration (Figures 12, 13, 14) shows

495 that old structures, Paleocene or Early Miocene in age, could preserve HC

496 accumulations in the Chazuta thrust sheet foot-wall. In the eastern Marañon basin,

497 more recent structures as Santa Lucia could also have been charged. Petroleum system

498 and periods of trap formation and expulsion-migration are resumed in the

499 stratigraphic diagram of Figure 3.

500 Deep sub-thrust structures stay unexplored in the Peruvian fold and thrust belts. The

501 Huallaga-Marañon foreland system is probably the best example of sub-trap

502 attractiveness in Peru. The Chazuta thrust foot-wall comprises at least 3 potential sub-

503 traps formed by a combination of salt pillows and basement horses. Such structural

504 combination is outcropping in the Callanayacu diapir, which is well-known for its oil

505 seeps (see Figure 5). In our case, the sub-traps are probably preserved since the Late

506 Miocene. The 2D petroleum modeling shows that HC accumulations are present since

507 the Early Miocene (Figure 13). The large thickness of salt transported on the Chazuta

508 thrust sheet can constitute an excellent seal for these sub-traps. As in the Zagros fold

509 and thrust belt, salt seals can help to maintain trap integrity over lengthy periods of

510 geological time (Cooper, 2007). Due to high thermal conductivity of salt, processes of

511 source rock maturity have been accelerated and amplified in the Huallaga basin.

512

513
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657
658 FIGURE CAPTIONS

659 Figure 1: Tectonic map of the Subandean basins of northern and central Peru, showing

660 the study area and the different morpho-tectonic units. The Huallaga-Marañon

661 structural cross-section is located.

662 Figure 2: Geological map of the study area, with location of the Huallaga-Marañon

663 balanced cross-section, subsurface data, AFT datings and Ro analyses.

664 Figure 3: Stratigraphic diagram and petroleum systems along the Huallaga-Marañon

665 cross-section.

666 Figure 4: Interpreted seismic sections crossing the Huallaga (4A: 91MPH23) and

667 Marañon (4B: BP19) wedge-top basins and used for the balanced cross-section

668 construction (see location in Figure 2).

669 Figure 5: Huallaga-Marañon balanced cross-section and sequential restoration. A)

670 Initial section was obtained by flattening the base of the Pozo Formation (± 45Ma). B)

671 Intermediary stage corresponds to the Late Early Miocene stage and is calibrated by

672 AFT dating in the Chazuta Thrust and Biabo Anticline. AFT samples are projected on

673 the cross-section (see location on the map of Figure 2). TG30, HUA338 and HUA330

674 have been analyzed for this study (see Table 1); ages correspond to youngest cooling

675 events. TRU70 has been published by Eude et al. (2015); the AFT age corresponds to

676 the Central Age. CTFW: Chazuta Thrust Foot-Wall. C) Present-day cross section.

677 Figure 6: Geographic distribution and TOC of the four studied source rocks in the

678 Peruvian Subandean basins. (A) Late Cretaceous (Chonta), (B) Late Cretaceous (Raya),
679 (C) Triassic (Pucara), (D) Late Permian (Shinai). Data are taken from the PERUPETRO

680 data bank and Gaibor et al. (2008).

681 Figure 7: Geographic distribution and maturity of the four studied source rocks in the

682 Peruvian Subandean basins. (A) Late Cretaceous (Chonta), (B) Late Cretaceous (Raya

683 Fm.), (C) Triassic (Pucara), (D) Late Permian (Shinai). Data are taken from the

684 PERUPETRO data bank and Gaibor et al. (2008).

685 Figure 8: Van Krevelen plots of the pyrolysis results from the studied sources rocks

686 (Chonta, Raya, Pucara, Shinai) in the Huallaga-Marañon foreland basin system. Data

687 are taken from the PERUPETRO data bank.

688 Figure 9: Oil to sources correlations in the Marañon basin from C28 / C29 Sterane Ratio

689 versus C29 / C30 Hopane Ratio (modified from Idemitsu Oil & Gas Company Ltd.,

690 2000).

691 Figure 10: Maturity state on the present-day structural cross-section using 1D modeling

692 and Ro calibration of Tamanco 1X, La Frontera 3X, Santa Lucia 2X, Loreto 1X, Ponasillo

693 1X and Biabo pseudowell. Three outcrop analyses (TG031, TRU070 and HUA332) have

694 been used too. Wells and outcrops are located on the map of Figure 2. TG031 and

695 TRU070 are projected.

696 Figure 11: 1D burial and maturity modeling along the structural cross-section.

697 Figure 12: Evolution of the maturity windows (Ro) through times for the four potential

698 sources rocks and in the three stages of the sequential restoration of the regional cross-

699 section.
700 Figure 13: Evolution of the maturity (TR) through times for the four potential sources

701 rocks and in the three stages of the sequential restoration of the regional cross-section.

702 Figure 14: Hydrocarbon saturation and oil and gas migration vectors through times in

703 the three stages of the sequential restoration of the regional cross-section. Hydrocarbon

704 accumulations computed by Petromod are represented. Source rock (SR) and reservoir

705 are indicated for each numbered accumulation.

706
 76°W

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PLEISTOCENE-QUATERNARY
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MIOCENE
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MARANON BASIN
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LATE JURASSIC
LATE PERMIAN-EARLY JURASSIC
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Loreto 1X ARC 3
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Fictive well Seismic section
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TG 031
TG 030 kilometres
 WEST-EAST LITHOSTRATIGRAPHY PETROLEUM SYSTEMS TECTONICS
Age
SYSTEM EPOCH Exp. Decollement
M.Y. E CORDILLERA HUALLAGA MARAÑON
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
S.R Res. Seal Trap Setting levels
Migr.
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
PLIOCENE ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

IPURURO
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

NEOGENE
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

PEBAS WEDGE-TOP
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
MIOCENE

oil
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
OLIGOCENE CHAMBIRA
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

FOREDEEP
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

POZO POZO
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

PALEOGENE
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

EOCENE ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

50 YAHUARANGO
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

CASA BLANCA
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

FOREDEEP
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
PALEOCENE ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

HUCHPAYACU
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
CACHIYACU
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

VIVIAN
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

LATE
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
CHONTA
CHONTA
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

AGUA CALIENTE
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
RAYA
RAYA
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL INITIATION OF
100
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

CUSHABATAY
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL ANDEAN FORELAND
CRETACEOUS
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

BFU
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

EARLY ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

TG30 TRU70 JURUA

ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

OROGENY
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

HUA338
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

MALM 150 ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

SARAYAQUILLO (fluvial)
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
BACK-ARC
JURASSIC
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

DOGGER ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

SARAYAQUILLO
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

LIAS ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
?
POST-RIFT
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

PUCARA
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

PUCARA SAG BASIN

ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

200 ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

LATE NIA INF.

ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

(eolian, fluvial)
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

TRIASSIC
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

RIFTING
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

MITU
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

MIDDLE
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

EARLY
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

250 HUA330
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

LOPINGIAN
SHINAI
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
SHINAI
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

Evaporite
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
GUADALUPIAN NOI (eolian?)
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

PAN
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

ENE (fluvial)
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

PERMIAN
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL GONDWANIAN
CISURALIAN COPACABANA ? OROGENY
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
300 ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

PENNSYLVANIAN
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

TARMA
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
RIFTING
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

CARBONIFEROUS HERCYNIAN
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

MISSISSIPIAN
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

OROGENY
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

350 ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
FORELAND
BASIN
CABANILLAS

ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

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ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

LATE CABANILLAS
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

DEVONIAN
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
MIDDLE ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

400
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

EARLY ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

CONTAYA
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

ORDOVICIAN ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL
ARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUILLOSARAYAQUIL

MARAÑON COMPLEX-BASEMENT

AFT SAMPLE
 WSW Ponasillo 1X ENE
Biabo Chazuta
(projected)
Anticline Thrust 91MPH-23
0.00 0.00

2500 2500
Depth (m)

5000 5000

A 7500 7500

10000 10000

12500 12500

0 5 10 20 Km

Loreto 1X Santa La Frontera 3X Tamanco 1X

(projected) Lucia 2X (projected) (projected)
BP-19
0.00 0.00

2500 2500
Depth (m)

5000 5000

7500 7500

10000 10000
0 5 10 20 Km

B Chambira, Ipururo PLIOCENE

Lower Nia TRIASSIC - EARLY JURASSIC
Pozo MIDDLE EOCENE

Vivian, Yahuarango LATE CRETACEOUS Shinai

Chonta Evaporite LATE PERMIAN
Cushabatay- Agua Caliente EARLY EOCENE

PALEOZOIC REMANENT COVER

Sarayaquillo LATE JURASSIC
BASEMENT
 Cushabatay
WSW High ENE
Biabo Ant.

CTFW

Middle Eocene

Huallaga Wedge-top Cushabatay Marañon Foredeep

High
Eastern Cordillera Biabo Ant. Chazuta Thrust
AFT sample 4.3 km deep

TRU70 HUA338

CTFW
31 Km
Late Early Miocene
Cushabatay
Huallaga Wedge-top High
Marañon Wedge-top
Callanayacu BP19
91MPH23 DX47 ARC3
Diapir
Loreto 1X Santa La Frontera 1X Tamanco 1X
Eastern Cordillera Biabo Ant. Chazuta Thrust Oil seeps
HUA330: (projected) Lucia 1X (projected) (projected)
TG30: TRU70: HUA338:
23.2 Ma 15.9±3.5 Ma 5.8 Ma
16.4 Ma

70 Km CTFW

Present-day
AFT SAMPLE
Lower Nia
Chambira, Ipururo PLIOCENE Pucara TRIASSIC - EARLY JURASSIC
Pozo MIDDLE EOCENE
0 Km 100 Km 200 Km Vivian, Yahuarango LATE CRETACEOUS Shinai
Chonta Evaporite LATE PERMIAN
Cushabatay- Agua Caliente EARLY EOCENE

Sarayaquillo LATE JURASSIC BASEMENT

 81°W 78°W 75°W 72°W 69°W 81°W 78°W 75°W 72°W 69°W

A B

0°
0°

2.3 0.94
0.68
2.74 1.8
0.7
0.35

5°S
5°S

0.38
1.33 2.03
4.22 1.34
0.77

3.28
2.37 0.13 0.56
0.24
0.28

10°S
10°S

2.03 1.63

1.81
4.28 3.28

15°S
15°S

1.6 1.2

0.11 0.10

CHONTA RAYA

81°W 78°W 75°W 72°W 69°W 81°W 78°W 75°W 72°W 69°W

C D
0°
0°

4.61

3.31

3.6
5°S
5°S

5.15
2.17 4.1

6.06
0.85
0.24

0.55

0.65
0.8
10°S
10°S

0.16
2.29
0.03
1.29
0.84

1.86

5.29 6.24
15°S
15°S

2.69 3.23

0.10 0.22

PUCARA SHINAI
 81°W 78°W 75°W 72°W 69°W 81°W 78°W 75°W 72°W 69°W

A B

0°
0°

0.62
0.5 0.83
0.43 0.91 0.65

0.45 0.85
0.63

5°S
5°S

1.14 0.45 0.45

0.56
0.57
0.5 0.55
1.1
0.66

0.5 0.87
0.49

10°S
10°S

1.13 1.26

0.82

1.54

0.59

1.54 0.92

15°S
15°S

0.91 0.66

0.29 0.40

CHONTA RAYA

81°W 78°W 75°W 72°W 69°W 81°W 78°W 75°W 72°W 69°W

C D
0°
0°

0.7
5°S
5°S

0.43 0.43

1.36 1.02

1.4
1.13
1.8 0.84
10°S
10°S

1.5

1.62 1.91
15°S
15°S

0.9 1.12

0.19 0.34

PUCARA SHINAI
Hydrogen index (S2/TOC)

1000

Chonta

Pucara
 LEGEND

Maranon

JURASSIC
(Modified from
Idemitsu, 2000)

PERMIAN

DEVONIAN
 Loreto 1X Tamanco 1X
Ponasillo 1X Santa Lucia 2X La Frontera 3X
Pseudo Well
Vitrinite Reflectance (%Ro) Vitrinite Reflectance (%Ro) Vitrinite Reflectance
Vitrinite Reflectance (%Ro) Vitrinite Reflectance (%Ro) Vitrinite Reflectance (%Ro) (%Ro)
1.0 2.0 4.0 0.5 1.0 2.0 0.5 1.0 2.0 0.5 1.0 2.0 0.5 1.0 1.5
0
0.5 1.0 2.0
0 0 0
0
Tertiary
Tertiary
-1000 Pozo Tertiary
1000 Vivian Tertiary Tertiary
Tertiary 1000 1000

Depth (m)
1000
Vivian

Depth (m)
Depth (m)

Depth (m)

5000 2000 Cushabatay Vivian

Depth (m)

2000 Vivian 2000

0 Chonta
Chonta 2000 Vivian
Cushabatay 3000 Sarayaquillo Cushabatay
L. Nia 3000 Cushabatay 3000
Pucara
10000 Shinai
5
Cushabatay
4 ?
Sarayaquillo Cabanillas Cushabatay
6 Salt
1000
Sarayaquillo
L. Nia
4000
Shinai 4000
L. Nia
2 1
Shinai 3 Shinai

6 5 HUA332
TG31 TRU70 Top Neogen
e paleosurfa
ce 4 3 2 1
1.6 0.51 0
0.6
0.97
1.24
0.59 0.53 0.51 0.46
0.5
1.8 0.62 0.79
0.89 1.19 0.8

2km

0 Km 100 Km 200 Km

Lower Nia
Chambira, Ipururo PLIOCENE Pucara TRIASSIC - EARLY JURASSIC
Pozo MIDDLE EOCENE

Vivian, Yahuarango LATE CRETACEOUS Shinai

Chonta Evaporite LATE PERMIAN
Cushabatay- Agua Caliente EARLY EOCENE

Sarayaquillo LATE JURASSIC BASEMENT

 Ponasillo 1X
Pseudo well Tertiary Loreto 1X La Frontera 3X
Vivian
0 0 0 0
Chonta Tertiary
Raya
Sarayaquillo Vivian Tertiary
Tertiary 2000 1000
Oil 2000 Cushabatay
Vivian
5000 Oil Sarayaquillo
Oil Chonta
Oil 2000

Depth (m)
Depth (m)
4000 L. Nia Cushabatay

Depth (m)
Gas Vivian 4000 Cabanillas
Shinai

Depth (m)
Cushabatay
Pucara 6000 3
10000 4 Shinai Gas Gas 1
Salt 250 200 150 100 50 0 6000
2 Gas
400 300 200 100 0
Time (Ma) 250 200 150 100 50 0
250 200 150 100 50 0 Time (Ma)
Time (Ma)
Time (Ma)
0 1 2 3 4
Sweeney&Burnham (1990)
Easy %Ro (%Ro)

4 3 HUA332
TG31 TRU70 2 Top Neogene paleosurface
1
1.6 0.51 0
0.6
1.24
0.97 0.59 0.53 0.51 0.46
0.5
1.8 0.62 0.79
0.89 1.19 0.8

2km

0 Km 100 Km 200 Km

Lower Nia
Chambira, Ipururo PLIOCENE Pucara TRIASSIC - EARLY JURASSIC
Pozo MIDDLE EOCENE

Vivian, Yahuarango LATE CRETACEOUS Shinai

Chonta Evaporite LATE PERMIAN
Cushabatay- Agua Caliente EARLY EOCENE

Sarayaquillo LATE JURASSIC BASEMENT

 ENE
WSW (Km)
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

5000
Depth (m)

Sweeney & Burnham(1990)_EASY%Ro (%Ro)

10000
Immature (0 - 0.55)
Early Oil (0.55 - 0.70)
Main Oil (0.70 - 1.00)
Late Oil (1.00 - 1.30)
15000 Wet Gas (1.30 - 2.00)
Dry Gas (2.00 - 4.00)
Overmature (4.00 - 5.00)

20000
Middle Eocene

100 150 200 250 (Km) 300 350 400 450 500

5000
Depth (m)

10000

15000

20000
Late Early Miocene

100 150 200 250

(Km) 300 350 400 450 500

Eastern Cordillera Biabo Chazuta Callanayacu Santa Lucia

0

5000
Depth (m)

10000

15000

20000 Present Day

50 25 0 50
 (km)
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 400 500
-2500

2500
M_10_04_Migr30hybrid,0 Ma
5000 TR (all)
0 to 0.05 0.50 to 0.55
7500
Depth(m)

0.05 to 0.10 0.55 to 0.60

10500 0.10 to 0.15 0.60 to 0.65
0.15 to 0.20 0.65 to 0.70
12500 0.20 to 0.25 0.70 to 0.75
0.25 to 0.30 0.75 to 0.80
15500
0.30 to 0.35 0.80 to 0.85
17500 0.35 to 0.40 0.85 to 0.90
0.40 to 0.45 0.90 to 0.95
20000
Middle Eocene 0.45 to 0.50 0.95 to 1.00

50 25 0 50 km

(km)
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 400 500
-2500

2500

5000

7500
Depth(m)

10500

12500

15500

17500

20000 Late Early Miocene

50 25 0 50 km

(km)
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 400 500
-2500
Eastern Cordillera Biabo Chazuta Callanayacu Santa Lucia
0

2500

5000

7500
Depth(m)

10500

12500

15500

17500

20000 Present Day

50 25 0 50 km
 WSW ENE
(Km)
100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 500

5000
Depth (m)

10000

15000

20000 Middle Eocene

100 150 200 250 (Km) 300 350 400 450 500

5000
Depth (m)

10000

15000

20000

Late Early Miocene

250 (Km) 300 400

150 200 350 450 500

Biabo Chazuta Callanayacu Santa Lucia

0

Oil
5000

Oil & Gas

Depth (m)

10000 M_10_04_Migr30hybrid,0 Ma
Gas Petroleum Saturacion ()
0 to 0.05 0.50 to 0.55
0.05 to 0.10 0.55 to 0.60
0.10 to 0.15 0.60 to 0.65
15000
0.15 to 0.20 0.65 to 0.70
0.20 to 0.25 0.70 to 0.75
0.25 to 0.30 0.75 to 0.80
0.30 to 0.35 0.80 to 0.85
20000 0.35 to 0.40 0.85 to 0.90
0.40 to 0.45 0.90 to 0.95
Present day 0.45 to 0.50 0.95 to 1.00

50 25 0 50
SAMPLE STRATIGRAPHIC STRUCTURAL LONGITUDE LATITUDE ELEVA ΡS NS ΡI NI ΡD ND P(X2) U CL CENTRAL NG COMPONENT CL (± 1Б)
AGE/FORMATIO UNIT TION (%) (PPM) (WT AGE (MA) AGES (MA)
N (M) %)

HUA330 Triassic Callanayacu -75.962459 -6.574092 203 0.172 47 7.061 1933 1.408 2222 33 57 0.03 6.8 ± 1.0 20 YP: 5.8 -1.8 ±
Lower Nia Dome 2.7
OP: 15.6 -6.1 ±
10.1
HUA338 Jurassic Chazuta -76.162636 -6.613201 280 0.206 53 2.458 631 1.364 2148 1 21 0.22 21.8 ± 20 YP: 16.4 -2.8 ±
Sarayaquillo Thrust 4.8 3.3
OP: 68.4 -20.0 ±
28.2
TG030 Jurassic EC-Huallaga -76.66421 -7.767454 596 0.233 85 2.433 888 1.367 2148 9 20 0.42 25.2 ± 20 YP: 23.2 -3.7 ±
Sarayaquillo transition 3.1 4.4

OP: 66.8 -40.7 ±

103.2

Note: ρS density (cm -2) of spontaneous tracks; Ns— number of spontaneous tracks counted; Ni— number of induced tracks counted; ρi— density (cm–2) of induced tracks; ρd— density (cm -2) of tracks on the neutron
fluence monitor (CN-1 glass); Nd— number of tracks counted in the dosimeter; P(X2)— probability (%) of greater chi-squared; central ages, reported for each sample with confidence interval (CI) of one sigma (±1б), were
calculated using the zeta calibration method (Hurford and Green, 1982) with zeta of 380 ± 8; Ng— number of grains counted; Young population (YP) and old population (OP) were determined with the BinomFit software
(Brandon, 1996; Brandon et al., 1998); the estimated 68% confidence interval (CI), which is approximately equal to ±1б, was calculated using precise algorithms (for details, see Brandon, 1996; Brandon et al., 1998)

Table 1. New apatite fission-tracks (AFT) data. Analyses were done at Geotrack International Pty Ltd in 2014 (location in Figure 2).
SAMPLE NAME LABORATORY LATITUDE LONGITUDE AVE FORMATION STRUCTURE RO TOC S1 S2 S3 TMA HI OI
CODE DEPTH X
(M)
MB01748R Tamanco 1X PSI -5.8384 -74.3625 2842 Chonta Tamanco 2.62 0.53 12.00 1.58 426 458 60

MB01749R Tamanco 1X PSI -5.8384 -74.3625 2876 Chonta Tamanco 1.20 0.11 1.73 0.60 428 144 50

MB01750R Tamanco 1X PSI -5.8384 -74.3625 2900 Chonta Tamanco 1.18 0.22 1.94 0.65 428 164 55

MB01738R Tamanco 1X PSI -5.8384 -74.3625 910 Pebas Tamanco 0.46 2.92 0.62 551 21

MB01742R Tamanco 1X PSI -5.8384 -74.3625 1669 Chambira Tamanco 0.66 2.00 6.56 423 328

MB01748R Tamanco 1X PSI -5.8384 -74.3625 2842 Chonta Tamanco 0.77 2.62 12 426 458

MB01750R Tamanco 1X PSI -5.8384 -74.3625 2900 Chonta Tamanco 0.79 1.18 1.94 428 164

MB01963R Loreto 1X PSI -5.9131 -75.5842 1372 Chonta Loreto 0.95 0.14 1.05 0.36 442 110 38

MB01964R Loreto 1X PSI -5.9131 -75.5842 1402 Chonta Loreto 0.68 0.10 0.47 0.45 440 69 66

MB01968R Loreto 1X PSI -5.9131 -75.5842 1492 Chonta Loreto 0.52 0.05 0.19 0.27 432 36 51

MB01972R Loreto 1X PSI -5.9131 -75.5842 1612 Chonta Loreto 0.54 0.05 0.35 0.28 437 64 51

MB01067R Loreto 1X PSI -5.9131 -75.5842 2024 Raya Loreto 0.61 0.02 0.61 0.37 436 100 61

MB01071R Loreto 1X PSI -5.9131 -75.5842 2075 Raya Loreto 1.19 0.12 1.91 0.31 442 161 26

MB01983R Loreto 1X PSI -5.9131 -75.5842 2031 Raya Loreto 2.32 0.22 2.97 0.21 438 128 9

MB01984R Loreto 1X PSI -5.9131 -75.5842 2052 Raya Loreto 3.12 0.35 4.70 0.34 440 151 11

Loreto 1X SPT -5.9131 -75.5842 873 Pozo Loreto 0.59

Loreto 1X SPT -5.9131 -75.5842 1355 Chonta Loreto 0.66

Loreto 1X SPT -5.9131 -75.5842 2452 Cushabatay Loreto 0.89

MB03727R Santa Lucia 1X PSI -6.3843 -75.0512 338 Chambira Santa Lucia 0.41 0.19

MB03738R Santa Lucia 1X PSI -6.3843 -75.0512 872 Chambira Santa Lucia 0.49 0.37

MB03759R Santa Lucia 1X PSI -6.3843 -75.0512 1826 Pozo Santa Lucia 0.53 0.31

MB03764R Santa Lucia 1X PSI -6.3843 -75.0512 2009 Vivian Santa Lucia 0.47 0.69

MB03767R Santa Lucia 1X PSI -6.3843 -75.0512 2079 Vivian Santa Lucia 0.50 0.55

MB03769R Santa Lucia 1X PSI -6.3843 -75.0512 2170 Chonta Santa Lucia 0.51 0.28

MB03772R Santa Lucia 1X PSI -6.3843 -75.0512 2198 Chonta Santa Lucia 0.55 0.44

MB03774R Santa Lucia 1X PSI -6.3843 -75.0512 2237 Chonta Santa Lucia 0.58 0.43

MB03776R Santa Lucia 1X PSI -6.3843 -75.0512 2265 Chonta Santa Lucia 0.59 0.38

MB03778R Santa Lucia 1X PSI -6.3843 -75.0512 2316 Chonta Santa Lucia 0.56 2.32 0.09 1.23 1.30 435 53 56

MB03779R Santa Lucia 1X PSI -6.3843 -75.0512 2380 Chonta Santa Lucia 0.58 0.52

MB03780R Santa Lucia 1X PSI -6.3843 -75.0512 2390 Chonta Santa Lucia 0.58 0.38

MB03783R Santa Lucia 1X PSI -6.3843 -75.0512 2444 Agua Santa Lucia 0.59 0.41
Caliente
MB03786R Santa Lucia 1X PSI -6.3843 -75.0512 2716 Agua Santa Lucia 0.56
Caliente
MB03787R Santa Lucia 1X PSI -6.3843 -75.0512 2728 Agua Santa Lucia 0.62 1.09
Caliente
MB03790R Santa Lucia 1X PSI -6.3843 -75.0512 2761 Cushabatay Santa Lucia 0.66 1.64

MB03793R Santa Lucia 1X PSI -6.3843 -75.0512 2990 Cushabatay Santa Lucia 0.56 3.9

MB03637R La Frontera 3X PSI -6.2970 -74.6735 1771 Chonta La Frontera 0.75

MB03638R La Frontera 3X PSI -6.2970 -74.6735 1798 Chonta La Frontera 0.51 0.98 0.56 0.78 0.75 382 80 77

MB03639R La Frontera 3X PSI -6.2970 -74.6735 1835 Chonta La Frontera 0.58

MB03640R La Frontera 3X PSI -6.2970 -74.6735 1890 Chonta La Frontera 0.93

MB03641R La Frontera 3X PSI -6.2970 -74.6735 1999 Chonta La Frontera 2.38 0.47 1.04 1.06 429 44 45

MB03642R La Frontera 3X PSI -6.2970 -74.6735 2292 Raya La Frontera 0.82

MB03643R La Frontera 3X PSI -6.2970 -74.6735 2493 Cushabatay La Frontera 0.59 1.77 1.24 426 70

MB03648R La Frontera 3X PSI -6.2970 -74.6735 2576 Cabanillas La Frontera 0.85 1.05 1.56 341 149

MB03654R La Frontera 3X PSI -6.2970 -74.6735 2649 Cabanillas La Frontera 1.49 0.74 1.29 417 174

MB03656R La Frontera 3X PSI -6.2970 -74.6735 2676 Cabanillas La Frontera 1.11 1.26 1.83 340 145

MB03660R La Frontera 3X PSI -6.2970 -74.6735 2740 Cabanillas La Frontera 1.54 2.08 0.80 429 38

MB03665R La Frontera 3X PSI -6.2970 -74.6735 2758 Cabanillas La Frontera 1.19 2.00 0.65 394 33

MB03671R La Frontera 3X PSI -6.2970 -74.6735 2832 Cabanillas La Frontera 1.58 1.14 0.33 383 29
SAMPLE NAME LABORATORY LATITUDE LONGITUDE AVE FORMATION STRUCTURE RO TOC S1 S2 S3 TMA HI OI
CODE DEPTH X
(M)
MB03675R La Frontera 3X PSI -6.2970 -74.6735 2850 Cabanillas La Frontera 1.19 1.00 0.26 357 26

MB03685R La Frontera 3X PSI -6.2970 -74.6735 2954 Cabanillas La Frontera 1.68 1.00 0.07 7

MB01081R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 1277 Huchpayacu Ponasillo 0.97

MB01083R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 1359 Chonta Ponasillo 0.95

MB01085R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 1407 Chonta Ponasillo 1.00

MB01087R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 1449 Chonta Ponasillo 1.48 0.94 0.38 0.97 0.34 432 103 36.00

MB01090R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 1503 Chonta Ponasillo 1.05

MB01091R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 1530 Chonta Ponasillo 1.05

MB01093R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 1564 Chonta Ponasillo 1.06

MB01094R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 1593 Chonta Ponasillo 1.11

MB01096R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 1646 Chonta Ponasillo 1.17

MB01100R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 1737 Chonta Ponasillo 1.19

MB01101R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 1783 Chonta Ponasillo 1.10

MB01102R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 1811 Chonta Ponasillo 1.26

MB01103R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 1829 Chonta Ponasillo 1.09

MB01105R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 1875 Chonta Ponasillo 1.29

MB01106R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 1902 Chonta Ponasillo 1.23

MB01108R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 1920 Chonta Ponasillo 1.22

MB01110R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 1963 Chonta Ponasillo 1.06

MB01113R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 2014 Agua Ponasillo 1.24

Caliente
MB01114R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 2014 Agua Ponasillo 1.28 1.81 0.18 1.29 0.31 498 71 17.00
Caliente
MB01119R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 2016 Agua Ponasillo 1.27
Caliente
MB01120R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 2017 Agua Ponasillo 1.16 0.79 0.45 0.65 0.46 526 82 58.00
Caliente
MB01123R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 2115 Agua Ponasillo 1.33
Caliente
MB01124R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 2143 Agua Ponasillo 1.60
Caliente
MB01125R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 2271 Agua Ponasillo 1.40
Caliente
MB01126R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 2275 Agua Ponasillo 1.59 1.59 0.14 1.26 2.15 435 79 135.0
Caliente 0
MB01127R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 2316 Agua Ponasillo 1.53
Caliente
MB01129R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 2384 Raya Ponasillo 1.65

MB01132R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 2435 Cushabatay Ponasillo 1.41

MB01133R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 2457 Cushabatay Ponasillo 1.69

MB01135R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 2490 Cushabatay Ponasillo 1.50

MB01139R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 2594 Cushabatay Ponasillo 1.70

MB01142R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 2664 Shinai Ponasillo 1.80

MB01144R Ponasillo 1X PSI -7.3980 -76.2972 2737 Shinai Ponasillo 1.80

MB05982R Burlington OC 2- PSI -5.7339 -77.7040 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 2.07 0.08 0.11 0.27 575 5 13
20
MB05986R Burlington OC 2- PSI -5.7339 -77.7040 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 1.07 0.04 0.03 0.71 343 3 66
20
MB05987R Burlington OC 2- PSI -5.7339 -77.7040 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 1.60 0.02 0.08 2.21 477 5 138
20
MB05988R Burlington OC 2- PSI -5.7339 -77.7040 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 2.15 0.03 0.07 2.93 479 3 136
20
MB05989R Burlington OC 2- PSI -5.7339 -77.7040 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 2.31 0.12 0.51 4.30 467 22 186
20
MB05990R Burlington OC 2- PSI -5.7339 -77.7040 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 3.56 0.09 0.13 0.65 581 4 18
20
MB05991R Burlington OC 2- PSI -5.7339 -77.7040 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 0.54 0.03 0.07 0.64 360 13 119
20
MB05993R Burlington OC 2- PSI -5.7339 -77.7040 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 0.88 0.01 0.03 0.60 360 3 68
20
MB05998R Burlington OC 2- PSI -5.7339 -77.7040 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 1.29 0.16 0.15 0.31 572 12 24
20
MB05999R Burlington OC 2- PSI -5.7339 -77.7040 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 3.06 0.07 0.13 1.31 576 4 43
20
MB06000R Burlington OC 2- PSI -5.7339 -77.7040 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 1.54 0.03 0.10 1.21 390 7 79
20
MB06001R Burlington OC PSI -5.7585 -77.8976 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 2.07 0.02 0.10 3.65 490 5 176
21-30
MB06002R Burlington OC PSI -5.7585 -77.8976 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 1.71 0.12 0.13 1.15 547 8 67
21-30
 SAMPLE NAME LABORATORY LATITUDE LONGITUDE AVE FORMATION Eastern Cordillera RO TOC S1 S2 S3 TMA HI OI
CODE DEPTH X
(M)
MB06003R Burlington OC PSI -5.7585 -77.8976 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 2.41 0.10 0.31 0.17 565 13 7
21-30
MB06004R Burlington OC PSI -5.7585 -77.8976 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 3.93 0.08 0.35 3.11 562 9 79
21-30
MB06005R Burlington OC PSI -5.7585 -77.8976 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 4.42 0.23 0.17 0.52 575 4 12
21-30
MB06006R Burlington OC PSI -5.7585 -77.8976 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 3.44 0.18 0.47 0.59 565 14 17
21-30
MB06007R Burlington OC PSI -5.7585 -77.8976 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 4.89 0.27 0.58 0.24 562 12 5
21-30
MB06008R Burlington OC PSI -5.7585 -77.8976 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 5.15 0.68 0.90 0.99 555 17 19
21-30
MB06009R Burlington OC PSI -5.7585 -77.8976 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 4.80 0.29 0.50 0.30 540 10 6
21-30
MB06010R Burlington OC PSI -5.7585 -77.8976 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 1.87 0.10 0.08 0.28 445 4 15
21-30
MB06011R Burlington OC PSI -5.8949 -77.9523 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 1.08 0.13 0.13 0.12 424 12 11
31-39
MB06012R Burlington OC PSI -5.8949 -77.9523 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 3.21 0.22 0.26 0.41 500 8 13
31-39
MB06013R Burlington OC PSI -5.8949 -77.9523 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 3.14 0.09 0.10 0.33 542 3 11
31-39
MB06014R Burlington OC PSI -5.8949 -77.9523 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 1.24 0.01 0.01 1.17 396 1 94
31-39
MB06015R Burlington OC PSI -5.8949 -77.9523 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 2.21 0.08 0.16 1.07 479 7 48
31-39
MB06016R Burlington OC PSI -5.8949 -77.9523 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 2.51 0.03 0.22 2.01 459 9 80
31-39
MB06017R Burlington OC PSI -5.8949 -77.9523 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 1.41 0.02 0.02 1.53 379 1 109
31-39
MB06018R Burlington OC PSI -5.8949 -77.9523 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 3.50 0.32 0.12 0.20 398 3 6
31-39
MB06019R Burlington OC PSI -5.8949 -77.9523 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 1.78 0.28 0.26 0.22 518 15 12
31-39
MB06022R Burlington OC 42 PSI -5.7079 -77.5484 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 2.24 0.05 0.07 1.79 394 3 80

IR12-0014 HUA332 Geo Lab Sur -6.5726 -75.9254 0 Shinai Cushabatay High 0.5-0.6 4.01 0.10 4.25 2.15 432 106 54

IR12-0015 TRU278 Geo Lab Sur -6.3671 -77.9182 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 2.17 0.78 0.81 0.71 422 37 33

IR12-0016 TRU048 Geo Lab Sur -6.8466 -77.9722 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 0.85 0.09 0.15 0.60 471 18 71

GC1169- TG031 Geotrack -6.574092 -75.962459 0 Raya Eastern Cordillera 1.6

28.1
4H GA-85-11 Corelab -6.5359 -77.2335 0 Pucara Eastern Cordillera 1.27 1.22 2.33 0.25 448 183 20

280-10 S-35A Corelab -6.5063 -75.0876 0 Shinai Cushabatay High 0.53

280-15 S-41 Corelab -6.5063 -75.0876 0 Shinai Cushabatay High 0.68 0.18 0.37 0.41 449 54 60

4L 58-273 Corelab -7.1493 -76.0034 0 Shinai Cushabatay High 6.06 1.49 5.21 3.24 427 86 53

B86209 M18 ELF96-02 -10.4124 -74.9823 0 Shinai San Matías thrust 1.5 2.29 0.83 1.27 453 43

Table 2. Geochemical analyses of the PERUPETRO data bank (not exhaustive), SPT Simon Petroleum (1993)
and Petroleum System International (2011), Corelab (1996) and new geochemical analyses done by Geo Lab
Sur and Geotrack in new outcrop samples collected close to the regional cross-section.

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