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TIẾNG ANH 8 I-LEARN SMART WORLD

ĐÁP ÁN UNIT 3: PROTECTING THE ENVIRONMENT

BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG

EXERCISE 1 Complete the sentences using the given words.
affects burned caused coughed damage disease environment
harm health heart issue lung pollution prevent recycle
1. Vaccination will prevent the spread of the disease.
2. Certain chemicals have been banned because of their damaging effect on the environment.
3. Shall I just throw this bottle away, or do you recycle?
4. It's a disease that affects mainly older people.
5. Modernizing historic buildings can often do more harm than good.
6. The difficult driving conditions caused several accidents.
7. We met on several occasions to discuss the issue.
8. Regular exercise is good for your health.
9. Unable to escape, six people were burned seriously in the building.
10. He coughed loudly to warn them he was coming.
11. Smoking is likely to damage your health permanently.
12. There's a high correlation between smoking and lung cancer.
13. The first symptom of the disease is a very high temperature.
14. Air pollution refers to the release of pollutants into the air
15. Thank you so much from the bottom of my heart.
EXERCISE 2 Complete the following sentences with the correct forms of the words in
capitals
1. The river in Caracas is heavily polluted. POLLUTE
2. Some models are unhealthily thin. HEALTH
3. Prevention is better than cure, so start taking care of yourself. PREVENT
4. The program is aimed at helping cities pursue environmentally friendly development.
ENVIRONMENT
5. I got a reduction on the skirt because there was a button missing. REDUCE
6. Buy three and make a saving of 5 dollars. SAVE
7. The low bridge is designed to allow floodwaters to flow harmlessly over. HARM
8. You’ll need a qualified electrician to rewire your house. ELECTRIC
9. It is a tiny spider with a poisonous bite. POISON
10. Wear clothes that provide adequate protection against the wind and rain. PROTECT
11. The whole process is wasteful and inefficient. WASTE
12. The area is heavily dependent on tourism industry. TOUR
13. Although it doesn't look like it, the whole thing is highly organized.
ORGANIZATION
14. The kidney plays a vital role in the removal of waste products from the blood.
REMOVE
15. Chris has an evening job as an office cleaner. CLEAN

EXERCISE 3 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
following questions.
1. Cutting down trees badly ____ the air we breathe.
A.affects B. effects C.pollutes D. causes
2. The effects of ____pollution are very hazardous and can lead to the loss of ecosystems.
A. landing B. land C. fatherland D. homeland
3. Nearly seven ____ people die every year because of air pollution.
A. millions B. million C. billion D. billions
4. If you keep _____ the land, the soil wasn’t be safe to grow food in.
A. pollution B. polluted C. polluting D. pollutant
5. Food can cause ____ problems if people grow it on polluted land..
A. healthily B. healthy C. health D. survival
6. Amy thinks they should______ trash.
A. damage B. recycle C. pollute D. reuse
7. We should save electricity, ____ we shouldn’t waste water
A. so B. however C. But D. and
8. What should we do to _____ land pollution?
A. collect B. reduce C. repair D. affect
9. Using less plastic will keep the parks____ KEEP + O + ADJ/ KEEP +V_ING
A. clean B. cleans C. cleaning D. to clean
10. What ____ problems can you see?
A environmentally B. environmentalist
C.environment D. environmental
11. I don't want to _______ any more time so let's start.
A. complete B. waste C. travel D.reduce
12. Will new parks bring more birds ______ the city.
A. up B. in C. to D. with
13. There is so much trash______the ground.
A. on B. at C.in D. Over
14. It was raining heavily, ____ my brother still went to the beach.
A. so that B. and C. but D. so
15. My cousin enjoys_____ plastic bags.
A.to recycle B. recycles C. recycling D.recycle

EXERCISE 4 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in

meaning to the underlined word(s)in each of the following questions.
1. Bangkok is the biggest city in Thailand.
A. largest B. tallest C. smallest D. cheapest
2. Why do you dislike her so much?
A. hate B.enjoy C. delete D. miss
3. The disease mainly occurs in women over 40.
A. strength B. sickness C. ability D. happiness
4. What will happen if people keep burning trash?
A. disappear B. lose C. occur D. grow
5. Fruit and vegetables can even be dangerous to eat if they grow on polluted land.
A. purified B. contaminated C. complex D. Clean

EXERCISE 5 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in

meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
1. If we don’t stop polluting the air, we will damage the environment
 A. do no harm to B. pollute C. destroy D. enrich
2. Regular exercise can help reduce stress.
A. increase B. decrease C. cut down D. Shorten

3. You should waste your money on things you don't need.

A. misuse B. collect C. reuse D. lose
4. My parents always encourage me to try new things.
A. reassure B. strenthen C. drop D. discourage
5. It's important to protect your skin from the harmful effects of the sun.
A. conserve B. preserve C. ignore D. secure
EXERCISE 6 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct response to each of the
following exchanges.
1. - What an attractive hair style you have got, Mary!  “___________.”
A. Thank you very much. I am afraid B. You are telling a lie
C. Thank you for your compliment D. I don't like your sayings
2. - You look great in this new dress.  “___________”.
A. With pleasure B. Not at all
C. I am glad you like it D. Do not say anything about it
3. - How well you are playing!  “___________”.
A. Say it again. I like to hear your words B. I think so. I am proud of myself
C. Thank you too much D. Many thanks. That is a nice compliment
4. - Thanks for the nice gift you brought to us!  “___________”.
A. Actually speaking, I myself don’t like it. B. Welcome! It’s very nice of you.
C. All right. Do you know how much it cost? D. Not at all. Don’t mention it.
5. - How much was your new shirt?  “___________”.
A. It’s a red shirt B. It’s very cheap C. It was in a shop D. I love it much
6. - I’m very sorry.  “___________”.
A. I’m afraid so B. I think so C. That’s all right D. I don’t want
GRAMMAR

BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG

EXERCISE 1. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct
answer.
1. If it_____ convenient, let's go out for a drink tonight.
a. be b. is c. was d. were
2. If you_____ time, please write to me.
a. have b. had c. have had d. are

3. If I_____ get a pole, I'll go fishing.

a. can b. could c. may d. might
4. We'll get wet if we_____ out
a. go b. went c. did go d. had gone
5. If I go shopping, I _____ some food for you.
a. buy b. will buy c. would buy d. would have bought
6. If they_____ soon, I'm not going to wait.
a. hadn't come b. won't come c. don't come d. didn't come
7. If I find it, I _____ you.
a. will tell b. would tell c. had told d. told
8. The bus won't stop ______ you ring the bell.
a. when b. if c. it not d. unless
9. Come and work for my company if you _____ better to do
a. have nothing b. will have nothing c. had something d. had nothing
10. If it______ tomorrow, we may postpone going.
a. rains b. will rain c. shall rain d. raining
11. If I_____ at my teacher’s house at 60 Thai Nguyen Street, Nha Trang city, I'll let you
know.
a. am staying b. will stay c. stay d. would stay
12. Get me a glass of lemonade, if you _____ to the kitchen.
a. go b. will go c. going d. went
13. If the chair_____, Mr. Dow can fix it for us.
a. breaking b. is breaking c. break d. breaks
14. If we buy a small car, we _____ as much room.
a. won't have b. had done c. hadn't d. didn’t have
15. If you _____ your belongings there, someone might steal it.
a. left b. are left c. to leave d. leave
16. You can camp here provided you _____ no mess.
a. leave b. leaf c. had left d. don’t leave
17. We must be early or else we_____ a seat.
a. get b. will get c. won't get d. wouldn't get
18. If he _____ to me, I can't help him.
a. won't listen b. refuses to listen c. didn't listen d. listen

EXERCISE 2. Matching the first halves in column A with the others in column B to
make conditional sentences.
A B
1. If Khanh Chi has free time, A. if I am still sick.
2. If the students feel interested, B. I will study in Canada
3. My parents will buy me a new guitar C. you will practise speaking skill every day
4. If it rains heavily D. they will go to the cinema
5. I won’t go to school E. if I can pass the entrance exam to high
school
6. If I get a full scholarship, F. she will learn English with me
7. If you join this English club G. the football match will be cancelled
8. My father will be very happy H. if I help them clean the kitchen.

ĐÁP ÁN 1F 2D 3H 4G 5A 6B 7C 8E
EXERCISE 3. Give the correct forms of the verbs using the conditional TYPE 1.
1. I will leave for Quy Nhon City tomorrow if the weather ___________ (be) fine.
2. What will you do if you___________ (not / go) away for the weekend ?
3. The game ___________ (start) if you put a coin in the slot.
4. If you___________ (be) scared of spiders, don’t go into the garden.
5. We’ll have to go without John if he (not arrive) ___________ soon.
6. Please don’t disturb him if he___________ (be) busy.
7. If she ___________ (accept) your card and roses, things will be very much hopeful.
8. If a holiday___________ (fall) on a weekend, go to the beach.
9. If she (come) ___________ late again, she’ll lose her job.
10. If he (wash) ___________ my car, I’ll give him $20.
11. He’ll be late for the train if he (not start) ___________ at once.
12. If I lend you $100, when you (repay) ___________ me?
13. Unless I have a quiet room I (not be able) ___________ to do any work.
14. If we leave the car here, it (not be) ___________ in anybody’s way.
15. Someone (steal) ___________ your car if you leave it unlocked.
16. Unless he (sell) ___________ more, he won’t get much commission.
17. If you come late, they (not let) ___________ you in.
18. If you (not go) ___________ away I’ll send for the police.

19. If he ___________ (eat) all that, he will be ill.

20. What ___________ (happen) if my parachute does not open?
21. If you (send) ___________ this letter now, she (receive) ___________ it tomorrow.
22. If I (do) ___________ this test, I (improve) ___________ my English.
23. If I (find) ___________ your ring, I (give) ___________ it back to you.
24. My little daughter, Khanh Chi, (go) ___________ shopping if she (have) ___________
time in the afternoon.
25. Simon (go) ___________ to London next week if he (get) ___________ a cheap flight.
26. If her boyfriend (not/phone) ___________ today, she (leave) ___________ him.
27. If they (not/study/) . ___________ harder, they (not/pass) ___________ the exam.
28. If it (rain) ___________ tomorrow, I (not/have to) ___________ water the plants.
29. You (not/be able) ___________ to sleep if you (watch) ___________ this scary film.
30. Susan (can/not/move) ___________ into the new house if it (not/be) ___________ ready
on time.
Đáp án
1. is
2. don’t go
3. will start
4. are
5. doesn’t arrive
6. is
7. accepts
8. falls
9. comes
10. washes
11. doesn’t start
12. will you repay
13. won’t be able
14. won’t be
15. will steal
16. sells
17. won’t let
18. don’t go

19. eats
20. will happen
21. If you send this letter now, she will receive it tomorrow.
22. If I do this test, I will improve my English.
23. If I find your ring, I will give it back to you.
24. Peggy will go shopping if she has time in the afternoon.
25. Simon will go to London next week if he gets a cheap flight.
26. If her boyfriend does not phone today, she will leave him.
27. If they do not study harder, they will not pass the exam.
28. If it rains tomorrow, I will not have to water the plants.
29. You will not be able to sleep if you watch this scary film.
30. Susan cannot move into the new house if it is not ready on time.

EXERCISE 4. Give the correct forms of the verbs using the conditional TYPE 1.
1. If you______(eat) an ice-cream, I______(have) a hot chocolate.
2. If she______(need) a computer, her brother______(give) her his computer.
3. If we______(not have) time this afternoon, we______(meet) tomorrow.
4. He______(talk) to her if you______(not want) to do it.
5. You______(not win) the game if you______(not know) the rules.
6. If you______(wash) the dishes, I______(cook) dinner tonight.
7. If my dad______(have) time next week, we______(paint) my room.
 8. You______(learn) a lot about American history if you______(visit) the exhibition this
afternoon.
9. If the weather______(not be) too bad tomorrow, we______(play) golf.
10. We______(not get) there on time if we______(catch) the bus.
11. If you______(pour) oil into water, it______(float) on the surface of the water.
12. You______(have) any problems,______(call) me immediately.
13. If you______(not like),______(let) him know your feelings.
14. If you______(heat) ice, it______(turn) to water.
15. Unless she______(water) these trees, they______(die).
ĐÁP ÁN
Question 1: If you ________ (eat) an ice-cream, I _________ (have) a hot chocolate.
* Đáp án: eat- will have
* Công thức câu điều kiện loại 1:
- If + S + V (hiện tại), S + will/ can/ may/ might/ should/ have to + V.

* Dịch nghĩa: Nếu bạn ăn một cây kem, tôi sẽ ăn một sô cô la nóng.

Question 2: If she _______ (need) a computer, her brother _______ (give) her his computer.
* Đáp án: needs - will give.
* Cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 1:
- If + S + V(hiện tại đơn), S + will/ can/ may/ might/ should/ have to + V.
* Giải thích: “She” ngôi thứ ba số ít chia động từ need thêm “s” , vế sau will + V(nguyên mẫu).
* Dịch nghĩa: Nếu cô ấy cần một cái máy tính, anh trai cô ấy sẽ cho cô ấy máy tính của anh ấy.

Question 3: If we ______ (not have) time this afternoon, we _______ (meet) tomorrow.
* Đáp án: don’t have - will meet.
* Giải thích:
- Cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 1: If + S + V(hiện tại đơn), S + will/ can/ could/ may/ might/ have to + V.
- Chủ ngữ của vế chứa “If” là “we”. => chia dạng phủ định là: “don’t have”.
“Mệnh đề chính” chia: will + V(bare).
* Dịch nghĩa: Nếu chúng ta không có thời gian chiều nay, chúng ta sẽ gặp nhau vào ngày mai.

Question 4: He ________ (talk) to her if you ________ (not want) to do it.

* Đáp án: will talk – don’t want.
* Cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 1:
- If + S + V(hiện tại đơn), S + will/ can/ might/ may/ have to V.
* Dịch nghĩa: Anh ấy sẽ nói chuyện với cô ấy nếu bạn không muốn làm điều đó.

Question 5: You ______ (not win) the game if you ______ (not know) the rules.
Đáp án: can’t win - don’t know
Cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 1:
- If + S + V(hiện tại đơn), S + will/ can/ might/ may/ have to V
Dịch nghĩa: Bạn sẽ không thắng trận đấu nếu bạn không biết luật.
Question 6: If you ______ (wash) the dishes, I ______ (cook) dinner tonight.
* Đáp án: wash - will cook.
* Căn cứ vào câu điều kiện loại 1:
- Cấu trúc: If + S + V(hiện tại đơn), S + will/ can … + V(bare).
- Cách dùng: sử dụng để đề nghị hoặc gợi ý.
* Dịch nghĩa: Nếu bạn rửa bát đĩa, tôi sẽ nấu ăn tối nay.

Question 7: If my dad ______ (have) time next week, we ______ (paint) my room.
* Đáp án: has - will paint.
=> Dùng câu điều kiện loại 1 để diễn tả một hành động có thể diễn ra trong tương lai
* Dịch nghĩa: Nếu bố của tôi có thời gian vào tuần tới, chúng tôi sẽ sơn phòng của tôi.

Question 8: You ______ (learn) a lot about American history if you ______ (visit) the exhibition this
afternoon.
* Đáp án: will learn - visit.
* Cấu trúc “conditional TYPE 1”:
- If + S + V(hiện tại đơn), S + will/ can/ may/ should/ have to + V.
* Dịch nghĩa: Bạn sẽ tìm hiểu được rất nhiều về lịch sử Hoa Kỳ nếu bạn ghé thăm triển lãm chiều nay.

Question 9: If the weather _______ (not be) too bad tomorrow, we _______ (play) golf.
* Đáp án: isn’t - will play.
* Cấu trúc “conditional TYPE 1”:
- If + S + V(hiện tại đơn), S + will/ can/ may/ should + V(bare).
* Dịch nghĩa: Nếu thời tiết ngày mai không quá tệ, chúng tôi sẽ chơi gôn.

Question 10: We _______ (not get) there on time if we _______ (catch) the bus.
* Đáp án: won’t get - catch.
-> Dùng câu điều kiện loại 1 để diễn tả hành động có khả năng diễn ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai
* Dịch nghĩa: Chúng ta sẽ không đến đó đúng giờ nếu chúng ta bắt xe buýt.

Question 11: If you ______ (pour) oil into water, it ______ (float) on the surface of the water.
* Đáp án: pour - floats
* Cách dùng : câu điều kiện loại 0 chỉ sự thật hiển nhiên.
* Dịch nghĩa: Nếu bạn đổ dầu vào nước, dầu sẽ nổi trên bề mặt nước.

Question 12: You ______ (have) any problems, ______ (call) me immediately.
* Đáp án: should you have - call.
* Căn cứ: cấu trúc đảo ngữ của câu điều kiện loại 1.
- Should + S + V(bare), S + will/ can/ may … + V(bare)/ (câu mệnh lệnh).
* Dịch nghĩa: Nếu bạn có bất cứ vấn đề gì, hãy gọi cho tôi ngay lập tức.

Question 13: If you ______ (not like),______ (let) him know your feelings.
* Đáp án: don’t like - let
* Căn cứ: cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 1.
 - If + S + V(hiện tại đơn), câu mệnh lệnh.
* Dịch nghĩa: Nếu bạn không thích, hãy để cho anh ấy biết cảm xúc của bạn.

Question 14: If you ______ (heat) ice, it ______ (turn) to water.

* Đáp án: heat - turns.
* Căn cứ:
- Cách dùng của câu điều kiện loại 0: diễn tả sự thật hiển nhiên luôn đúng.
- Công thức: If + S + V(hiện tại đơn), S + V(hiện tại đơn).
* Dịch nghĩa: Nếu bạn làm nóng băng, nó sẽ biến thành nước.

Question 15: Unless she ______ (water) these trees, they ______ (die).
* Đáp án: waters - will die
* Giải thích:
- Công thức câu điều kiện loại 1: If + S + V(hiện tại đơn), S + will/ can/ may … + V(bare).
- Ta có: unless = if …. not.
* Dịch nghĩa: Nếu cô ấy không tưới nước cho những cây này, chúng sẽ chết.

EXERCISE 5. Fill in the blanks with “if’ or “unless”.

1. ___________ it’s raining heavily, we won’t go for a walk
2. ___________ he tries hard, he won’t pass the examination.
3. I will try good seafood ___________ I have an opportunity to travel to Tuy Hoa City
4. ___________ I finish the work in time, I will go to the zoo with my cousin

5. ___________ you see Mary today, please ask her to call me.
6. I will cook some pasta for my ___________ children they are hungry.
7. ___________ Jane gets to Hongkong, she will eat dim sum.
8. ___________ you can eat chillies, you won’t like Thai cuisine.
9. ___________ you have free time this weekend, I will show you around my hometown
10. You will put on weight ___________ you do morning exercises.

ĐÁP ÁN
1. ____IF_______ it’s raining heavily, we won’t go for a walk.
2. _____UNLESS______ he tries hard, he won’t pass the examination.
3. I will try seafood ___IF________ I have an opportunity to travel to Tuy Hoa City
4. ____IF_______ I finish the work in time, I will go to the zoo with my cousin
5. ____IF_______ you see Mary today, please ask her to call me.
6. I will cook some pasta for my ____IF_______ children they are hungry.
7. _____IF______ Jane gets to Hongkong, she will eat dim sum.
8. _____UNLESS______ you can eat chillies, you won’t like Thai cuisine.
9. _____IF______ you have free time this weekend, I will show you around my hometown
10. You will put on weight ____UNLESS_______ you do morning exercises.

EXERCISE 6. Use the suggested words to make meaningful sentences

1. she/ pass / Linda / If / the exam / will / studies / harder.
______________________________________________________________
2. will / you / If / come / the party / to / play / we / together.
______________________________________________________________
3. the bus / If / catch / late / won’t / at / school / be / we / on time.
______________________________________________________________
4. If / rains / tomorrow / it / picnic / have / won’t / we / a.
______________________________________________________________
5 . the movie / the tickets / If / buy, / we / can / watch.
______________________________________________________________
6. the cake / finish, / we / can / eat / If / dinner / early, / for dessert.
______________________________________________________________
7. the train / catch, / If / we / won’t / be / on time / for the meeting.
______________________________________________________________

8. the party / bring / If / snacks, / everyone / will / enjoy / the.

______________________________________________________________
9. the invitation / receive, / If / we / attend / the event.
______________________________________________________________
10. Hung / helps / If / Lan, / she / be / grateful.
______________________________________________________________

ĐÁP ÁN
1. If Linda studies harder, she will pass the exam.
2. If you come to the party, we will play together.
3. If we catch the bus late, we won’t be at school on time.
4. If it rains tomorrow, we won’t have a picnic.
5. If we buy the tickets, we can watch the movie.
6. If we finish dinner early, we can eat the cake for dessert.
7. If we don’t catch the train, we won’t be on time for the meeting.
8. If you bring snacks to the party, everyone will enjoy them.
9. If we receive the invitation, we will attend the event.
10. If Hùng helps Lan, she will be grateful.

EXERCISE 7 Rewrite the following sentences, putting SHOULD at the beginning of

each sentence.
1. If you finish your chores, you can go out to play.
______________________________________________________________
2. If Hung studies hard, he will pass the exam.
______________________________________________________________
3. If it doesn’t rain, Le will have a picnic in the park.
______________________________________________________________
4. If they come to the party, we will have a great time.
______________________________________________________________
5. If Linh doesn’t eat your vegetables, she won’t get dessert.
______________________________________________________________
6. If she doesn’t finish her homework, she won’t be allowed to play outside.
______________________________________________________________

7. If they don’t clean their room, they won’t be able to watch TV.
______________________________________________________________
8. If he doesn’t help with the chores, he won’t get pocket money.
______________________________________________________________

ĐÁP ÁN
1. Should you finish your chores, you can go out to play.
2. Should Hung study hard, he will pass the exam.
3. 4. Should they come to the party, we will have a great time.
5. Should Linh not eat your vegetables, she won’t get dessert.
6. Should she not finish her homework, she won’t be allowed to play outside.
 7. Should they not clean their room, they won’t be able to watch TV.
8. Should he not help with the chores, he won’t get pocket money.
Should it not rain, Lệ will have a picnic in the park.
EXERCISE 8 Rewrite the following sentences
1. If you don’t study harder, you ‘ll fail the next exam.
Unless______________________________________________________________

2. If he doesn’t practice writing every day, he can’t improve his writing skill.
Unless ______________________________________________________________
3. Unless this man is a driver, he can’t help you move by car.
If __________________________________________________________________
4. Unless you go out more often, you might fall ill.
If __________________________________________________________________
5. If you don’t return this book to the library today, you’ll have to pay a fine.
Unless ______________________________________________________________
6. Unless he cleaned up the car now, his boss could ask him to do this.
If __________________________________________________________________
7. Unless they were absent now, they would meet the headmaster.
If___________________________________________________________________
8. Keep silent or you’ll wake the baby up.
If ______________________________________________________________
9. Stop talking or you won’t understand the lesson.
If ______________________________________________________________

10. If Peter doesn’t study hard, he will not get good marks.
Unless ______________________________________________________________
ĐÁP ÁN:
1. Unless you study harder, you ‘ll fail the next exam.
2. Unless he practices writing every day, he can’t improve his writing skill.
3. If this man is not a driver, he can’t help you move by car.
4. If you don’t go out more often, you might fall ill.
5. Unless John returns this book to the library, he’ll have to pay a fine.
6. If he didn’t clean up the car now, his boss could ask him to do this.
 7. If they were not absent now, they would meet the headmaster.
8. If you don’t keep silent, you’ll wake the baby up.
9. If you don’t stop talking, you won’t understand the lesson.
10. Unless Peter studies hard, he will not get good marks.
EXERCISE 9. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in
meaning to each of the following questions.
1. Work hard or you will fail the exam.
A. You will fail the exam if you work hard.
B. If you work hard, you won’t pass the exam.
C. You won't fail the exam if you don't work hard.
D. If you don’t work hard, you will fail the exam.
2. If you don't have his number, you can't phone him.
A. You can phone him unless you have his number.
B. You can't phone him unless you don't have his number.
C. You can phone him unless you don't have his number.
D. You can't phone him unless you have his number.
3. Unless you leave me alone, I'll call the police.
A. I'll call the police because you leave me alone.
B. I'll call the police if you don't leave me alone.
C. If you leave me alone, I'll call the police.
D. You leave me alone, so I'll call the police.
4. Unless you have tickets you can't come in.
A. You can't come in provided that you have tickets.
B. You can come in provided that you have tickets.
C. If you didn't have tickets, you couldn't come in.

D. Unless you don't have tickets, you can come in.

5. It may rain this afternoon. I hope it doesn’t because I don’t want the match to be cancelled.
A. If it rains, the match is cancelled.
B. If it rains, the match will be cancelled.
C. If it rained, the match would be cancelled.
D. If it had rained, the match would have been cancelled.
6. Get in touch with me as soon as possible if you change your mind about the trip.
A. Should you change your mind about the trip, contact me as soon as possible.
B. If you changed your mind about the trip, get in touch with me as soon as possible.
C. You would call me whether you changed your mind about the trip.
D. Having changed your mind about the trip, you should get in touch with me soon.
7. Please let me know if you wish to keep the books any longer.
A. If you should wish to keep the books any longer, please let me know.
B. Should you wish to keep the books any longer, please let me know.
C. Should you wish keep the books any longer, please let me know.
D. Wish you to keep the books any longer, please let me know.
8. We will miss the train if we don’t hurry up.
A. We won’t miss the train unless we hurry up.
B. We won’t miss the train if we hurry up.
C. We will miss the train unless we don’t hurry up.
D. We will miss the train unless we hurry up.

GRAMMAR

PHẦN II COMPOUND SENTENCES WITH AND (LIÊN TỪ AND TRONG CÂU

GHÉP)

PHẦN III COMPLEX SENTENCES WITH SO (THAT) (LIÊN TỪ SO (THAT) TRONG CÂU
PHỨC)

BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG

EXERCISE 1 Fill in the gap with the words given
although because if by as soon as unless

1. I’m going to the bank _______ I need some money.

2. I cook lunch in the kitchen _________ I got home.

3. ________ it’s raining, she’s going for a walk in the park.

4. ________ she finishes her homework soon, she will fail the class.

5. Some students claims that there will be trouble _____ they don’t complete their
homework.

6. She will finish the report ____ the time you receive the letter.
Đáp án:
1.because
2.as soon as
3.although
4.unless
5.if
6. by
EXERCISE 2 Choose the correct answer.
1. The sky was gray and cloudy. ________, we went to the beach.
A. Consequently B. Nevertheless C. Even though D. In spite of
2. I turned on the fan __________ the room was hot.
A. due to B. despite C. even though D. because
3. Sam and I will meet you at the restaurant tonight ________ we can find a baby-sitter.
A. although B. unless C. otherwise D. only if
4. Carol showed up for the meeting ________ I asked her not to be there.
A. even though B. despite C. provided that D. because
5. You must lend me the money for the trip. ________, I won’t be able to go.
A. Consequently B. Nevertheless C. Otherwise D. Although
6. The windows were all left open. _____, the room was a real mess after the windstorm.
A. Nevertheless B. However C. Consequently D. Otherwise
7. ________ Beth has a new car, she no longer takes the commuter train to work. She drives
to work every day.
A. Now that B. While C. Although D. In case
8. I think I did okay in my speech last night _____ I’d had almost no sleep for 24 hours.
A. even B. in spite of C. unless D. despite the fact that
9. I asked Angela to run the office while I’m gone _______ I know I can depend on her.
A. unless B. since C. although D. therefore
10. ________ I heard the telephone ring, I didn’t answer it.
A. Because B. Only if C. Even though D. Provided that

11. ________ excellent art museums, Moscow has a world-famous baler company.
A. Because of B. In spite of C. In case of D. In addition to
12. Alex cannot express himself clearly and correctly in writing. He will never advance in his
job ________ he improves his language skills.
A. otherwise B. if C. only if D. unless
13. A fire must have a readily available supply of oxygen. ________ it will stop burning.
A. Consequently B. Furthermore C. Otherwise D. However
14. Some fish can survive only in salt water, ________ other species can live only in fresh
water.
A. whereas B. unless C. if D. since
15. We’re going to lose this game ________ the team doesn’t start playing better soon.
A. if B. unless C. although D. whereas
32. Jack insisted that he didn’t need any help, ________ I helped him anyway.
A. and B. so C. besides D. but

EXERCISE 3 Combine the following sentences using the word in brackets

1.Nana is a vegetarian. She doesn’t eat meat. (so)
_______________________________________________________________________
2.My car is broken. I don’t have enough money to buy a new one. (but)
_______________________________________________________________________
3.Ogami passed her final test with a high score. Her parents took her to Hawaii as a gift.
(therefore)
_______________________________________________________________________
4.I prefer cats. They are clean and quiet. (for)
_______________________________________________________________________
5.Tommy hates studying. He goes to school everyday. (yet)
_______________________________________________________________________
6.I feel tired. I need to finish my work. (however)
_______________________________________________________________________
7.The sky is clear. I can see many stars. (and)
_______________________________________________________________________
8.She doesn’t like vegetables. She doesn’t eat fruit. (nor)
_______________________________________________________________________
9.Paul has a three – week holiday. He has enough money to travel. (moreover)
 _______________________________________________________________________
10.We are out of food. We should go to the supermarket and buy some things. (so)
_______________________________________________________________________

ĐÁP ÁN
1.Nana is a vegetarian, so she doesn’t eat meat.
2.My car is broken, but I don’t have enough money to buy a new one.
3.Ogami passed her final test with a high score; therefore, her parents took her to Hawaii as a
gift.
4.I prefer cats, for they are clean and quiet.
5.Tommy hates studying, yet he goes to school everyday.
6.I feel tired; however, I need to finish my work.
7.The sky is clear, and I can see many stars.
8.She doesn’t like vegetables, nor she doesn’t eat fruit.
9.Paul has a three – week holiday; moreover, he has enough money to travel.
10. We are out of food, so we should go to the supermarket and buy some things.
PHẦN II READING COMPREHENSION
EXERCISE 1. Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank
space in the following passage.
Many environmental experts are pessimistic about the future of our _____(1)____. They say
that the next few years _____(2)____ chemicals will further damage the_____(3)____layer.,
there will be more losses of irreplaceable tropical rainforests, and serious air pollution will
cause the _____(4)____ itself to change. They also warn us that the developing countries will
continue to suffer ecological disasters, while the _____(5)____countries consume the vast
_____(6)____ of the world’s fuels. Animals are also at_____(7)____.It’s fear that some
endangered species may soon die out, as their natural_____(8)____are destroyed.
1. A. country B. planet C. society D. life
2. A. harmful B. harmless C.harmfully D. harmlessly
3. A. oxygen B. dioxide C. carbon D. ozone
4. A. weather B, climate C. temperature D. earth
5. A. poor B. developing C. European D. rich
6. A. minority B. minor C. majority D. major
7. A. risk B. danger C. accidents D. unfortunate
8. A. environment B. habitats C. resources D. disasters
EXERCISE 2. Read the passage below and decide whether the statements are TRUE
FALSE or NOT GIVEN

Light pollution is the excessive, misdirected or invasive use of artificial outdoor lighting.
Mismanaged lighting affects the environment, energy resources, wildlife, humans and
astronomy research.

Light pollution is not a new phenomenon. Over the last 50 years, as countries became affluent
and urbanized, demand for outdoor lighting increased and light pollution sprawled beyond the
city limits and into suburban and rural areas. This form pollution is now prevalent in Asia,
Europe, and North America, particularly in cities like Los Angeles, New York and Washington
D.C. In 2008, National Geographic magazine named Chicago the most light-polluted city in
the United States.

However, the most light-polluted spot in the world is Hong Kong, China. In March 2013, the
University of Hong Kong named the city the most light polluted in the world. A study by the
university found the night sky in Tsim Sha Tsui, an urban neighborhood in southern Kowloon,
Hong Kong, to be 1,200 times brighter than a normal urban city sky. Luminous pollution of
this magnitude is on the rise worldwide. In a 2010 article from the Ecology and Society
Journal, Hölker and others stated the use of artificial lighting increases by 20% each year,
depending on the region, and noted there is an urgent need for light pollution policies that
surpass energy efficiency to include humans, animals and the environment.

1. Light pollution is not a new phenomenon because people complained about it few
decades ago. NG
2. Light pollution is the excessive, misdirected or invasive use of artificial outdoor
lighting. T
3. Light pollution sprawled beyond the city limits and into suburban and rural areas.”. T
4. Chicago is the most light-polluted city in the world. F
5. Light pollution is more serious than air pollution NG
6. A city in Hong Kong is more than two hundred times brighter than a normal one. F
7. Luminous pollution of this magnitude is on the rise worldwide. T
8. People should turn off the lights to reduce light pollution and save electricity. NG
 EXERCISE 3 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate
the correct answer to each of the questions

There are many causes that lead to water pollution. One main cause of this issue is waste water
coming from many factories and then being directly pulled out into water bodies, especially
into rivers or seas without any treatment because this is the most convenient way of disposing
waste water. Industrial waste consists of some kinds of chemical substances such as sulphur,
which is harmful for marine life. Lead is known as the main reason for cancer disease. Cancer
has become a popular disease in several communes which are called “cancer villages”.
Another cause is the awareness of citizens, people always use water for many purposes and
then they dump waste water or garbage directly into rivers, canals and ponds and so on. In
2004, because of a bird flu outbreak in Viet Nam, people threw poultry to water body that
made water highly polluted.

1. How many causes of water pollutions are listed in the passage?

A. one B. two C. three D. four

2. The word treatment in the passage is closest in meaning to______ .

A. management B. harm C.hurt D. injury

3. What is the main reason for cancer disease?

A. rice B. rain C. lead D. food

4. What is cancer called when it has become a popular disease in several communes?

A. cancer grounds B. cancer offices C. cancer pollutions D. cancer villages

5. What did Vietnamese do in 2004?

A. They bought dead poultry. B. They ate dead poultry.

C. They threw dead poultry into water. D. They dig dead poultry under ground
6. The word "cancer villages " in the passage refers to ____.

A. purposes B. substances C. communes D. citizens

EXERCISE 4 Read the passage. Circle the best answer A, B or C to fill in the blank.
Have a walk (1)_______ a beach, listen to the sound of the sea waves, and suddenly
you see a lot of rubbish on the beach. Pollution takes away all the (2) _______ of out
beaches. I feel really very annoyed (3) _______ I see plastic lying on the sand, cigarette ends
buried in the sand, and soda cans floating in the sea.
There are a lot of things that we can do if we see rubbish, we should do our part in the
protecting the land by picking it up and throwing it in dust bins. (4) _______, we can form
some kind of organization that helps clean up the beaches. If everyone does their part, the
beach will be a wonderful and beautiful place. We need to start now (5) _______ the beaches
are damaged beyond repair.
1. A. at B. in C. on D. over
2. A. beauty B. beautiful C. beautifully D. being beautiful
3. A. before B. after C. When D. While
4. A. Nevertheless B. Therefore C. However D. Moreover
5. A. before B. after C. until D. when