Series: DPSS/PHY/QB2/24-25 Code: 086

DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL SURAT

PHYSICS- QUESTION BANK 2

Chapter 8: Force & Laws of Motion Class: IX

Name: ____________________________ Roll No.: ____
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1. Which of the following has more inertia?

(a) a rubber ball and a stone of the same size?

Ans: A stone of the same size

(b) a bicycle and a train?

Ans: a train

(c) a five-rupee coin and a one-rupee coin?

Ans: a five-rupees coin

As the mass of an object is a measure of its inertia, objects with more mass have more
inertia.

2. In the following example, try to identify the number of times the velocity of theball
changes.
“A football player kicks a football to another player of his team who kicks the football
towards the goal. The goalkeeper of the opposite team collects the football and kicks it
towards a player of his own team”.
Also identify the agent supplying the force in each case.

Ans:

The velocity of football changed four times.

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 3. Explain why some of the leaves may get detached from a tree if we vigorously
shake its branch.
Ans: When the tree’s branch is shaken vigorously the branch attain motion but the leaves
stay at rest. Due to the inertia of rest, the leaves tend to remain in its position and hence
detaches from the tree to fall down.

4. Why do you fall in the forward direction when a moving bus brakes to a stop and
fall backwards when it accelerates from rest?
Ans: When a moving bus brakes to a stop: When the bus is moving, our body is also in
motion, but due to sudden brakes, the lower part of our body comes to rest as soon as
the bus stops. But the upper part of our body continues to be in state of motion and
hence we fall in forward direction due to inertia of motion.

When the bus accelerates from rest we fall backwards: When the bus is stationary our
body is at rest but when the bus accelerates, the lower part of our body being in contact
with the floor of the bus comes in motion, but the upper part of our body remains at
rest due to inertia of rest. Hence, we fall in backward direction.

5. If action is always equal to the reaction, explain how a horse can pull acart?
Ans The third law of motion states that action is always equal to the reaction, but they act
on two different bodies.
In this case the horse exerts a force on the ground with its feet while walking, the
ground exerts an equal and opposite force on the feet of the horse, which enables the
horse to move forward and the cart is pulled by the horse.

6. Explain, why is it difficult for a fireman to hold a hose, which ejects a large
amount of water at a high velocity.
Ans: The water that is ejected out from the hose in the forward direction comes out with a
large amount of force(action) and due to Newton’s 3rd law of motion, equal amount of
force is developed in the hose in the opposite direction(reaction) and hence the hose is
pushed backward.
Therefore, it becomes difficult for a fireman to hold a hose.

7. An object experiences a net zero external unbalanced force. Is it possible for the object
to be travelling with a non-zero velocity? If yes, state the conditions that must be
placed on the magnitude and direction of the velocity. If no, provide a reason.
Ans: Yes, it is possible.

If the object was initially in a state of motion, then in accordance with the first law of
motion, the object will continue to move in same direction with same speed as long as
there are no external unbalanced forces acting on it. It means that the object may be
travelling with a non- zero velocity but the magnitude as well as direction of velocity
must remain unchanged or constant throughout.

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 8. When a carpet is beaten with a stick, dust comes out of it. Explain.
Ans: Inertia of an object tends to resist any change in its state of rest or state of motion. The
carpet with dust is in state of rest. When it is beaten with a stick the carpet is set in
motion, but the dust particles remain at rest. Due to inertia of rest the dust particles retain
their state of rest and hence, the dust particles come out of the carpet.

9. Why is it advised to tie any luggage kept on the roof of a bus with a rope?
Ans: In moving vehicle like bus, the motion is not uniform, the speed of vehicle varies, and it
may apply brake suddenly or takes sudden turn. The luggage will resist any change in its
state of rest or motion, due to inertia and this luggage has the tendency to fall sideways,
forward, or backward. To avoid the fall of the luggage, it is tied with the rope.

10. A batsman hits a cricket ball which then rolls on a level ground. After covering ashort
distance, the ball comes to rest. The ball slows to a stop because
(a) the batsman did not hit the ball hard enough.
(b) velocity is proportional to the force exerted on the ball.
(c) there is a force on the ball opposing the motion.
(d) there is no unbalanced force on the ball, so the ball would want to come to rest.

Ans: (d) there is a force on the ball opposing the motion.

Frictional force always acts in the direction opposite to the direction of motion.Hence,
this force is responsible for stopping the cricket ball.

11. A truck starts from rest and rolls down a hill with a constant acceleration. It travels a
distance of 400 m in 20 s. Find its acceleration. Find the force acting on it
if its mass is 7 tonnes (Hint: 1 tonne = 1000 kg).
Ans:

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 12. A stone of 1 kg is thrown with a velocity of 20 m/s across the frozen surface of a
lake and comes to rest after travelling a distance of 50 m. What is the force of
friction between the stone and the ice?
Ans:

13. An 8000 kg engine pulls a train of 5 wagons, each of 2000 kg, along a horizontal track.
If the engine exerts a force of 40000 N and the track offers a friction force of 5000 N,
then calculate: (a) the net accelerating force and (b) the acceleration of the
train.
Ans: a) Given, force exerted by the train (F) = 40,000 N
Force of friction = 5000 N

Therefore, the net accelerating force = force exerted by engine-friction force

= 40,000 N -5000 N = 35,000 N

b) Total mass of the train = mass of engine + mass of each wagon

= 8000kg + 5 × 2000kg
The total mass of the train is 18000 kg.

As per the second law of motion,

𝐹 35000
𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎 ⇒ 𝑎 = = = 1.94 𝑚/𝑠 2
𝑚 18000

The acceleration of the train is 1.94 m s-2.

14. An automobile vehicle has a mass of 1500 kg. What must be the force between the
vehicle and road if the vehicle is to be stopped with a negative acceleration of 1.7
ms-2?
Ans:

The force between the vehicle and road is -2550 N.

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 15. What is the momentum of an object of mass m, moving with a velocity v?
(a) (mv)2 (b) mv2 (c) 1/2 mv2 (d) mv

Ans: (d) mv

16. Using a horizontal force of 200 N, we intend to move a wooden cabinet across a floor at a
constant velocity. What is the friction force that will be exerted on the cabinet?

Ans: A force of 200 N is applied in the forward direction. Thus, from Newton’s third law of
motion, an equal amount of force will act in the opposite direction. This opposite forceis
the fictional force exerted on the cabinet. Hence, a frictional force of 200 N is exerted on
the cabinet.

17. According to the third law of motion when we push on an object, the object pushes back on
us with an equal and opposite force. If the object is a massive truck parked along the
roadside, it will probably not move. A student justifies this by answering that the two
opposite and equal forces cancel each other. Comment on this logic and explain why the
truck does not move.

Ans: The justification given by the student that the two opposite and equal forces cancel each
other is not correct. This is because forces of action and reaction never acts on one body.
The truck does not move because the force applied is not enough to overcome the force
of friction between the truck and the road.

18. A hockey ball of mass 200 g travelling at 10 ms-1 is struck by a hockey stick so as to
return it along its original path with a velocity at 5 ms-1. Calculate the change of
momentum occurred in the motion of the hockey ball by the force applied by the hockey
stick.

Ans: Given, mass of the ball (m) = 200g = 0.2kg

Initial velocity of the ball (u) = 10 m/s
Final velocity of the ball (v) = – 5m/s

Initial momentum of the ball = mu = 0.2 kg × 10 ms-1 = 2 kg m/s

Final momentum of the ball = mv = 0.2 kg × –5 ms-1 = –1 kg m/s

The change in momentum (mv – mu) = –1 kg m/s – 2 kg m/s = –3 kg m/s

Therefore, the magnitude of change in momentum = 3 kgm/s

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 19. A bullet of mass 10 g travelling horizontally with a velocity of 150 m/s strikes a
stationary wooden block and comes to rest in 0.03 s. Calculate the distance of
penetration of the bullet into the block. Also calculate the magnitude of the force exerted
by the wooden block on the bullet.

Ans: Given, mass of the bullet (m) = 10g = 0.01 kg

Initial velocity of the bullet (u) = 150 m/s
Final velocity of the bullet (v) = 0 m/s
Time period (t) = 0.03 s
To find the distance of penetration, the acceleration of the bullet must be calculated.
𝑣−𝑢 0 − 150
𝑎= = = −5000 𝑚/𝑠 2
𝑡 0.03
Now from the equation of motion, the distance of penetration is-
2𝑎𝑠 = 𝑣2 − 𝑢2
02 − (150)2
𝑠=
2 (−5000)

𝑠 = 2.25 𝑚

As per the second law of motion,

𝐹 = 𝑚𝑎
𝐹 = 0.01 × (−5000)
𝐹 = −50 𝑁
Therefore, the magnitude of the force is 50 N.

20. An object of mass 100 kg is accelerated uniformly from a velocity of 5 ms–1 to 8 ms–1
in 6 s. Calculate the initial and final momentum of the object. Also, find themagnitude
of the force exerted on the object.

Mass of the object (m) = 100 kg

Ans:
Initial velocity (u) = 5 m/s
Final velocity (v) = 8 m/s
Time period (t) = 6s

Now, initial momentum (m × u) = 100 kg × 5 m/s = 500 kg m/s

Final momentum (m × v) = 100kg × 8m/s = 800 kg m/s

Force exerted on the object, F is

𝑚(𝑣 − 𝑢)
𝐹=
𝑡
100(8 − 5)
𝐹= = 50 𝑁
6
𝐹 = 50 𝑁

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 21. Akhtar, Kiran and Rahul were riding in a motorcar that was moving with a high velocity
on an expressway when an insect hit the windshield and got stuck on the windscreen.
Akhtar and Kiran started pondering over the situation. Kiran suggested that the insect
suffered a greater change in momentum as compared to the change in momentum of the
motorcar (because the change in the velocity of the insect was much more than that of
the motorcar). Akhtar said that since the motorcar was moving with a larger velocity, it
exerted a larger force on the insect. And as a result the insect died. Rahul while putting
an entirely new explanation said that both the motorcar and the insect experienced the
same force and a change in their momentum. Comment on these suggestions.

Ans: The suggestion made by Kiran that insect suffered a greater change in momentum as
compared to the change in momentum of the motor car is wrong. The suggestion made
by Akhtar that motor car exerted a larger force on the insect because of large velocity of
motorcar is also wrong. The explanation put forward by Rahul is correct. On collision of
insect with motorcar, both experience the same force as action and reaction are always
equal and opposite. Further, changes in their momenta are also the same. Only the signs
of changes in momenta are opposite, i.e., change in momenta of the two occur in
opposite directions, through magnitude of change in momentum of each is the same.

22. How much momentum will a dumbbell of mass 10 kg transfer to the floor if it falls from
a height of 80 cm? Take its downward acceleration to be 10 m s−2.
Ans: Mass of the dumb-bell (m) = 10kg
Distance covered (s) = 80cm = 0.8m
Initial velocity (u) = 0 m/s
Acceleration (a) = 10ms-2
Final velocity (v) =?

𝑣2 − 𝑢2 = 2𝑎𝑠
v2 − (0)2 = 2 × 10 × 0.8
v2 = 16 ⇒ 𝑣 = 4𝑚/𝑠

The momentum transferred by the dumb-bell to the floor = mv = 10 × 4 = 40 kg m/s.

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