MADHAV INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE,

GWALIOR
(A Govt. Aided UGC Autonomous & NAAC Accredited Institute Affiliated to
RGPV, Bhopal)

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

Branch – Internet of Things
A Skill based project Report

On

Arduino Based Pulse oximeter

Submitted By:
Pranjal Dubey 0901CE211094
Anjali Bhadouria 0901EO211008
Tanvi Shrivastava 0901ME211057

Submitted To:
Prof. Bhavna Rathore
 CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the mini skilled project entitled “Arduino based Pulse
oximeter” is being submitted as the skill based mini project in the course
Microprocessor and embedded systems (220404) in Internet of Things. All
information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance
with academic rules and ethical conduct.

Name: Pranjal Dubey, Anjali Bhadouria & Tanvi Shrivastava

Enrolment: 0901CE211094, 0901EO211008 & 0901EO211057
Date:
Place: MITS, Gwalior
 ABSTRACT
Pulse Oximeter is a noninvasive medical device used for measuring the oxygen
saturation and pulse rate of a patient. The Pulse oximeter system is portable and
provide remote and continuous health monitoring in case of adults. The system is
also smaller, energy efficient ,user and cost friendly and also can be made
communicative. It can also monitor blood oxygenation accurately in real-time.
Oxygenation of the blood is important as many tissues and organs in the human
body will become irreversibly damaged when not properly supplied with oxygen.
This project involved the process to design a portable equipment that can be used
to measure the oxygen percentage in blood and also to detect the heart rate of
humans. This equipment will also display the measured parameters by using the
LCD Display. The project is divided into three major parts which are circuit
design, display circuit and programming part. In the circuit design part, the
sensor, the signal conditioning, signal filtering circuits are built to realize the
project. For the display circuit, Arduino Uno is the type of microcontroller that
have been used as the interface between the overall circuit and LCD Display. The
programming part is the important part because of their function to perform the
operation and also will be responsible to display the result on the LCD Display.
The programming code in the microcontroller will be stored to make the
microcontroller function as the project needs to do the calculation by using the
equation stored and send the result to be display by LCD Display. All the
oscilloscope results are observed by varying the control signal frequency,
changing the filters to obtain the SO2 value. The results obtained are not
satisfactory. But an Arduino code is written to obtain the SO2 value by taking a
two variable voltages as input to the Arduino. The paper presents a brief idea of
the different components, their use in oximetry, how to improve the quality of PPG
and some future implementations. Continuous monitoring of blood oxygen
saturation levels has become increasingly vital in the health service as it can
present to clinicians an indication to whether the lungs are functioning properly.
Oxygen is carried into the lungs via breathing, where gas exchange occurs to
oxygenate the blood. The oxygenated blood is then pumped to all cells/tissues in
the human body. Oxygen saturation levels can also be used to determine if the
heart is functioning in a healthy manner, since low SpO2 levels can indicate
cardiac malfunction.

Keyword:-IoT,sensors,microcontroller,modules.
 LIST OF CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION
2. APPARATUS REQUIRED
3. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
4. CODE
5. RESULT
6. CONCLUSION
 1. INTRODUCTION
Medical is a vital sector of the economy that has been transformed by modern
technology. Pulse oximeters are used to detect low blood oxygen levels (or
hypoxemia). Since one of the early signs of a Covid-19 infection is weakened
lungs and low blood-oxygen levels, it can be useful to have access to an
oximeter during the ongoing pandemic. However, it is important to note that
pulse oximeters cannot detect Covid-19. It merely shows the oxygen saturation
level for a short time interval. Therefore, Iot can play an extremely important
role in medical sector as the medical science is advancing at a rapid rate .
In this project we will be Interfacing MAX30100 Pulse Oximeter Sensor with
Arduino. The MAX30100 Sensor is capable of measuring Blood
Oxygen & Heart Rate. We can use any display like a 16×2 LCD Display to
view the value of SpO2 and BPM. The blood Oxygen Concentration termed
SpO2 is measured in Percentage and Heart Beat/Pulse Rate is measured in
BPM. The MAX30100 is a Pulse Oximetry and heart rate monitor sensor
solution. It combines two LEDs, a photodetector, optimized optics, and low-
noise analog signal processing to detect pulse oximetry and heart-rate signals.
To further enhance the capabilities of Arduino based Pulse oximeter Much
work that focuses on obtaining accurate pulse-oximetry readings in low
perfusion states and during movement is now in progress, as are efforts to
miniaturize pulse oximeters and adapt them for wireless data transmission. To
that end, one of the strongest and most innovative technologies supporting
pulse-oximetry accuracy is signal extraction.
The major difference between conventional pulse-oximetry technology and
signal extraction is the concept of physical separation of arterial signals and
venous signals. In conventional pulse oximetry, the measured values are
assumed to be arterial.
 2. APPARATUS REQUIRED
1. Arduino UNO
2. MAX30100
3. LCD (I2C)
4. Breadboard
5. Jumper wires
3. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
 4. CODE
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include "MAX30100_PulseOximeter.h"

#define REPORTING_PERIOD_MS 1000

LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 16, 2);

byte smile[] = {
B00000,
B00000,
B01010,
B00000,
B10001,
B01110,
B00000,
B00000
};
byte mod[] = {
B00000,
B00000,
B01010,
B00000,
B11111,
B00000,
B00000,
B00000
};
byte sad[] = {
B00000,
B00000,
B01010,
B00000,
B01110,
B10001,
B00000,
B00000
};

PulseOximeter pox;
uint32_t tsLastReport = 0;

void onBeatDetected()
{

Serial.println("Beat!!!");

void setup()
{
Serial.begin(115200);
 lcd.init();
lcd.backlight();
lcd.createChar(1 , smile);
lcd.createChar(2 , mod);
lcd.createChar(3 , sad);
lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
lcd.print(" Pluse");
lcd.setCursor(0, 1);
lcd.print(" Oximeter");
delay(2000);

if (!pox.begin()) {
Serial.println("FAILED");
for (;;);
} else {
Serial.println("SUCCESS");
}
pox.setIRLedCurrent(MAX30100_LED_CURR_7_6MA);

pox.setOnBeatDetectedCallback(onBeatDetected);
}

void loop()
{
pox.update();
if (millis() - tsLastReport > REPORTING_PERIOD_MS) {

lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0 , 0);
lcd.print("BPM : ");
lcd.print(pox.getHeartRate());
lcd.setCursor(0 , 1);
lcd.print("Sp02: ");
lcd.print(pox.getSpO2());
lcd.print("%");
tsLastReport = millis();

if (pox.getSpO2() >= 96) {

lcd.setCursor(15 , 1);
lcd.write(1);
}
else if (pox.getSpO2() <= 95 && pox.getSpO2() >= 91) {
lcd.setCursor(15 , 1);
lcd.write(2);
}
else if (pox.getSpO2() <= 90) {
lcd.setCursor(15 , 1);
lcd.write(3);
}
}
 5. RESULT
This Project is designed mainly to provide a effective,efficient and productive way
to user so that they can get to know about their health status and whether they
need any medications or they are fine. Oximeter is a very useful device which was
in extreme use during covid times.

Fig 5.1 Output on LCD

 6.CONCLUSION
In conclusion, pulse oximetry is a simple and noninvasive way to measure blood
oxygen levels and heart rate. These measurements can be used to help monitor
general health and quickly assess people with lung and heart disorders.
Pulse oximetry is truly vital to medical care, but this prominence carries a
responsibility. Too often, pulse oximetry readings are misinterpreted or are
erroneous for various reasons. The tendency to accept the percentage at face value
is high. Many expensive probes continue to be discarded prematurely as defective.
Direct patient interventions can also occur based on erroneous results; worse,
patients can be inappropriately monitored, giving caregivers a false sense of
security. Pulse oximetry has come a long way since its inception in the early
1800s and with future technology, pulse oximeters will continue to improve
patient care more effectively and efficiently.
Madhav Institute of Technology & Science, Gwalior
(Deemed to be University)
NAAC Accredited with A++ Grade

A Skill Based Mini Project Report

on

“Interfacing 7-segment display using

8051 micro-controller”
Submitted by
Piyush Yadav (0901IO231040)
Sanidhya Gupta (0901IO231055)
Tanisha Solanki (0901IO231070)
Utkarsh Soni (0901IO231071)

Submitted to
Dr. Priyanka Garg
Assistant Professor

Centre for Internet of Things

Madhav Institute of Technology & Science, Gwalior
Gole ka Mandir, Gwalior - 474005, M.P., India
 Madhav Institute of Technology & Science, Gwalior
(Deemed to be University)
NAAC Accredited with A++ Grade
Centre for Internet of Things

DECLARATION

I/We hereby declare that the work being presented in this skill based mini project
report, for the partial fulfilment of requirement for the award of the degree of Bachelor of
Technology in Internet of Things at Madhav Institute of Technology & Science, Gwalior
is an authenticated and original record of my work under the mentorship of Dr.
Priyanka Garg, Assistant Professor, Centre for Internet of Things.
I/We declare that I/We have not submitted the matter embodied in this report for
the award of any degree or diploma anywhere else.

Piyush Yadav
(0901IO231040)

Sanidhya Gupta
(0901IO231055)

Tanisha Solanki
(0901IO231070)

Utkarsh Soni
(0901IO231071)
 Madhav Institute of Technology & Science, Gwalior
(Deemed to be University)
NAAC Accredited with A++ Grade
Centre for Internet of Things

CERTIFICATE
This is certified that Piyush Yadav(0901IO231040),Sanidhya Gupta(0901IO231055),
Tanisha Solanki(0901IO231070),Utkarsh Soni(0901IO231071)has submitted the skill
based mini project report titled “Interfacing 7-segment display using 8051 micro-
controller” under the mentorship of Dr. Priyanka Garg, in partial fulfilment of the
requirement for the award of degree of Bachelor of Technology in Internet of Things
from Madhav Institute of Technology and Science, Gwalior.

Dr. Priyanka Garg

Assistant Professor
Centre for Internet of Things
 Madhav Institute of Technology & Science, Gwalior
(Deemed to be University)
NAAC Accredited with A++ Grade
Centre for Internet of Things

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The full semester project has proved to be pivotal to my career. I am thankful to

my institute, Madhav Institute of Technology & Science to allow me to continue my
disciplinary/interdisciplinary project as a curriculum requirement, under the provisions of
the Flexible Curriculum Scheme approved by the Academic Council of the institute. I
extend my gratitude to the Director of the institute, Dr. R. K. Pandit and Dean
Academics, Dr. Manjaree Pandit for this.
I would sincerely like to thank my department, Centre for Internet of Things, for
allowing me to explore this project. I humbly thank Dr. Praveen Bansal, Assistant
Professor and Coordinator, Centre for Internet of Things, for his continued support
during the course of this engagement, which eased the process and formalities
involved.
I am sincerely thankful to my faculty mentors. I am grateful to the guidance of Dr.
Priyanka Garg, Assistant Professor, and Centre for Internet of Things, for his continued
support and guidance throughout the project. I am also very thankful to the faculty and
staff of the department.

Piyush Yadav
(0901IO231040)

Sanidhya Gupta
(0901IO231055)

Tanisha Solanki
(0901IO231070)

Utkarsh Soni
(0901IO231071)