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types of data

The document outlines the distinctions between primary and secondary data, highlighting that primary data is newly collected for specific research purposes while secondary data is pre-existing and collected for other purposes. It details common methods for both types of data collection, including surveys and observations for primary data, and literature reviews and web scraping for secondary data. Additionally, it provides scenarios illustrating the application of both data types in various research contexts.

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mashaemmanuel001
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3 views

types of data

The document outlines the distinctions between primary and secondary data, highlighting that primary data is newly collected for specific research purposes while secondary data is pre-existing and collected for other purposes. It details common methods for both types of data collection, including surveys and observations for primary data, and literature reviews and web scraping for secondary data. Additionally, it provides scenarios illustrating the application of both data types in various research contexts.

Uploaded by

mashaemmanuel001
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Points on Primary and Secondary Data

* Primary Data:

* It is new data collected by the researcher for a specific purpose.

* It’s new and tailored to the research question.

* It may be more time- and money-consuming to collect.

* Examples: Surveys that you conduct, experiments that you conduct,


interviews that you conduct, observation that you conduct.

* Secondary Data:

* It is available data and was collected by someone else for another


purpose.

* It is typically readily available and less expensive than primary data.

* It may be less appropriate for the research question.

* Samples: Government official statistics, published reports in research


papers, industry report books, business firm records.

2. Primary and Secondary Classification for Data Collection

The most common methods of data collection are:

* Primary Methods of Data Collection:

* Surveys: Mailing questionnaires to receive responses from a sample.

* Interviews: Having structured or informal discussions to receive detail


information.

* Observations: Recording and observing behavior or phenomena


firsthand.

* Experiments: Manipulating variables to test hypotheses in a controlled


environment.

* Focus Groups: Having discussions with small groups for receiving


opinions and views.

* Secondary Data Collection Methods:

* Literature Reviews: Reading published research articles, journals, and


books.

* Government Documents Analysis: Through the information present in


census reports, economic trends, etc.
* Reading Company Data: Drawing on internal data in the form of sales
data or customer bases.

* Using Public Databases: Trimming information from stores such as the


World Bank or United Nations.

* Web Scraping: Scrubbing the net for web page content.

3. Examples and Scenarios

* Scenario 1: Market Research for New Product

* Primary Data: An organization gives a questionnaire to potential


consumers for studying interest toward a new product.

* Secondary Data: An organization examines previous market studies of


similar products to study trends in the market.

* Scenario 2: Study of Student Performance

* Primary Data: A teacher conducts observation of class behavior of


students and does interviews to study learning problems.

* Secondary Data: The teacher studies students’ performance in routine


tests and attendance.

* Scenario 3: Environmental Impact Assessment

* Primary Data: Researchers collect water samples from a river for


quantity measurements of pollution.

* Secondary Data: Researchers study past climate records and


government environmental reports.

* Scenario 4: Social Media Trend Analysis

* Primary Data: A researcher creates a survey in an attempt to collect


individuals’ feelings regarding a social media fad on the trend list.

* Secondary Data: Social media sites are scraped for a trending topic’s
tweets by a researcher through a program.

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