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SME_Chapter 9

Mine planning is essential in the mining industry, focusing on the design and optimization of operations to efficiently extract resources. Key activities include geological assessments, mine design, scheduling, environmental considerations, and safety management. The planning process aims to minimize costs, maintain production targets, and adapt to changing conditions while ensuring regulatory compliance and community engagement.

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9 views

SME_Chapter 9

Mine planning is essential in the mining industry, focusing on the design and optimization of operations to efficiently extract resources. Key activities include geological assessments, mine design, scheduling, environmental considerations, and safety management. The planning process aims to minimize costs, maintain production targets, and adapt to changing conditions while ensuring regulatory compliance and community engagement.

Uploaded by

Penkesifu Senginau
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Surface

Mining
Engineering
(MN-325)
CHAPTER 9
Mine Planning and Design
Lecturer
Dr Clara Akalanya Abuntori
1
2024
Introduction
❑Mine planning is a critical process in the mining industry that involves the design and
optimization of a mining operation to extract valuable minerals or resources from the
earth efficiently and economically.
❑It encompasses a range of activities, from geological assessments to infrastructure design.
▪ Geological Assessment
▪ Resource Estimation
▪ Mine Design: Pit or Underground, Mine Layout, Equipment Selection and Waste Management.
▪ Mine Scheduling: Short-Term vs. Long-Term, Production Targets and Optimization
▪ Environmental Considerations
▪ Financial Analysis
▪ Safety and Risk Management
▪ Regulatory Compliance
▪ Continuous Improvement
▪ Monitoring and Reporting
▪ Community Engagement
2
Introduction
❑The planning of a surface mine (open or strip) is an exercise in
economics constrained by certain geological and mining engineering
aspects. The main objectives are:
▪ Cost targets for capital and operating expenditures, and unit costs

▪ Production requirements (tonnage) by period of time

▪ Grade or quality requirements for both mine and process plant

▪ Flexibility to meet changing circumstances

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Introduction
Careful planning is required prior to and at all stages during mining activity. the
principal objectives of detailed planning are:
❑To establish the acceptable economic stripping ratio and hence define the shape
of the excavation and the limits of surface mining
❑To maintain an adequate amount of ore uncovered at all times to meet
production targets.
❑To develop and maintain access for equipment
❑In variable quality deposits, to ensure that the working faces available can at all
times furnish the required average grade
❑To retain flexibility to change the shape of the final pit in the light of new
geological information or changing economic circumstance.
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Objectives of Mine Planning
The following are some major objectives from the view point of feasibility:
❑Mine the orebody so that the production cost per unit of metal is a minimum;
❑Maintain operational viability (adequate bench width and ready haulage access
for equipment)
❑Maintain sufficient exposure of ore to counter miscalculations or insufficient
data from exploration
❑Defer stripping requirements as long as possible without significant disruption
of production schedule

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Objectives of Mine Planning
❑Follow a logical and achievable start-up schedule (for training, equipment,
procurement and deployment, logistics, etc.) that minimizes the risk of delays in
positive cashflows.
❑Maximise design pit slopes, while minimising likelihood of bank failures (provide
❑safety berms, employ rock mechanics, etc)

❑Examine economic merits of reasonable production rate and cutoff grade


alternatives
❑Finally, subject the favoured method, equipment and schedules to exhaustive
❑contingency planning before proceeding with development.

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Range on Mine Plans

Long Range Production Scheduling


❑Life of mine ❑daily schedule
❑25-year plan ❑weekly schedule
❑5-year plan ❑monthly schedule

Short Range
❑annual plan

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Mine Planning
Long Range Mine Planning
❑The initial step in surface mine design is the compilation of a long-range
mining plan or final pit design.
❑In reality, long-range mining plans usually change over time to reflect the
effects of a changing economy, increased knowledge of the orebody, and
improvements in mining technology.
▪ life of mine

▪ 25-year plan

▪ 5-year plan

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Mine Planning
Short-range Mine Planning
❑Once a long-range plan has been established, it is essential to develop a series
of short-range mining plans.
❑These plans define the intermediate steps required to ascertain the final pit
limit under physical, operating, and legal constraints.
❑They also provide the pit boundary, ore grade, stripping ratio and anticipated
profit information necessary for future production forecasts and equipment
needs.
▪ annual plan

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Mine Planning
Production Scheduling Monthly Plan
❑daily schedule ❑equipment moves.
❑weekly schedule ❑Updated weekly.
❑monthly schedule
Annual Plan Weekly Plan
❑Basis for the budget and operations for ❑To allocate resources (equipment and
the financial year. Covers from 14 to 18 manpower); identify work locations; set
months to provide overlap and continuity. production targets.
Daily Plan
Monthly Plan ❑Schedules locations and quantities for all
mine equipment
❑Operational scheduling, especially to
identify scheduled maintenance and
major
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