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AU-Checkpoint-Guide-Table-of-Limitation-of-Actions

The document provides a comprehensive table outlining the limitation periods for various causes of action across different Australian jurisdictions, as set out in the Limitation Acts. It highlights significant changes to these laws, particularly following the 2002 tort reforms and updates in Western Australia. The table serves as a reference guide for legal practitioners to understand major limitation periods and related rules as of November 1, 2011.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)

9 views56 pages

AU-Checkpoint-Guide-Table-of-Limitation-of-Actions

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darshanam prashanth

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TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

The table deals with limitation periods of general application set out in the Limitation Acts of
each jurisdiction and related legislation dealing with various causes of action. Each jurisdiction
also has particular limitation rules which are set out in other statutes.
References in square brackets are to paragraph numbers within The Laws of Australia 5.10
“Limitation of Actions” by Professor Peter R Handford, LLB (Birm), LLM, Phd (Cantab).
Limitation periods run from the time when the cause of action accrues, unless some other rule
is stated. Dates (eg “before 1/1/2007” or “on or after 2/1/2007”) refer to causes of action
accruing before, on or after the date specified. “P” refers to the plaintiff and “D” refers to the
defendant. The rules dealing with when a cause of action accrues are discussed in The Laws of
Australia paragraphs referred to.
All Australian states and territories have seen important changes to the laws on limitation
periods in recent years, especially as a result of the 2002 tort reforms and the modernisation of
limitation laws in Western Australia. The table of limitations will assist legal practitioners and
others by providing an easy-reference guide to the major limitation periods, extension
provisions and other rules in the Limitation Acts of each jurisdiction.

This Table is current as at 1 November 2011.

© 2012 THOMSON REUTERS 1-1 Update: 1

session: 3 March 26, 2012 page no: 1 folio no: 1

@syd-tlrapp-p19/syd-tlrapp-p191/CLS_law/GRP_aleg/JOB_update1/DIV_1
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

EQUITABLE ACTIONS: [5.10.270] – [5.10.300]

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

Equitable 6 years: See See See See See See See 6 years:
actions s 11(1) [5.10.270] – [5.10.270] – [5.10.270] – [5.10.270] – [5.10.270] – [5.10.270] – [5.10.270] – s 13(1)
(general [5.10.280]. [5.10.280]. [5.10.280]. [5.10.280]. [5.10.280]. [5.10.280]. [5.10.280]. (general
limitation limitation
period). See period). See
[5.10.300]. [5.10.300].

Equitable No provision. No provision. No No provision. No provision. No provision. No provision. No provision. 6 years from
actions not provision. accrual, or
analogous 3 years since
to other time started
actions running on

1-2
equitable
principles,
whichever is
later: s 27.
See
[5.10.300].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

CONTRACT AND QUASI-CONTRACT: [5.10.620] – [5.10.725]

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

Contract 6 years: 6 years: 3 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years:
(except s 11(1) s 14(1)(a). s 12(1)(a). s 10(1)(a). s 35(a). See s 4(1)(a). See s 5(1)(a). See s 38(1)(c)(v). s 13(1)
actions (general See See See [5.10.620]. [5.10.620]. [5.10.620]. See (general
founded on limitation [5.10.620]. [5.10.620]. [5.10.620]. [5.10.620]. limitation
a deed) period). See period). See
[5.10.620]. [5.10.620].
Action for
repayment of
debt
repayable on
demand
accrues on

1-3
failure to
comply with
demand for
repayment:
s 59. See
[5.10.640].
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

Actions for 6 years: 6 years: 3 years: No provision. 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years:
seamen’s s 11(1) s 22(1). See s 20(2). See See s 35(g). See s 8(1). See s 5(1)(a). See Administration Administration
wages (general [5.10.700]. [5.10.700]. [5.10.700]. [5.10.700]. [5.10.700]. [5.10.700]. of Justice Act of Justice Act
limitation 1705 4 & 5 1705 4 & 5
period). See Anne c 16 Anne c 16
[5.10.700].
(IMP), s 17. (IMP), s 17.
See See
[5.10.700]. [5.10.700].

Actions on Deeds: Deeds: Deeds: Specialty: Specialty: Specialty: Specialty: Specialty: Deeds:
a specialty 12 years: 12 years: 12 years: 12 years: 15 years: 12 years: 15 years: 20 years: 12 years:
or deed s 13. See s 16. See s 14(1). See s 10(3). See s 34. See s 4(3). See s 5(3). See s 38(1)(e)(i). s 18. See
[5.10.710]. [5.10.710]. [5.10.710]. [5.10.710]. [5.10.710]. [5.10.710]. [5.10.710]. See [5.10.710].
[5.10.710].

Update: 1
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Quasi- 6 years: 6 years: 3 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years:
contract s 11(1) s 14(1)(a). s 12(1)(a). s 10(1)(a). s 35(a) s 4(1)(a) s 5(1)(a) s 38(1)(c)(v) s 13(1)

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

(general See See See (implied (implied (implied (implied (general
limitation [5.10.720]. [5.10.720]. [5.10.720]. contract). See contract). See contract). See contract). See limitation
period). See Action [5.10.720]. [5.10.720]. [5.10.720]. [5.10.720]. period). See
[5.10.720]. arising by Recovery of [5.10.720].
virtue of money paid
frustration of under
contract: 6 mistake or
years from otherwise
date of based on
frustration: restitutionary
s 14A. See grounds: 6
[5.10.720]. years:

1-4
s 38(1). See
[5.10.720].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

TORT: [5.10.740] – [5.10.1260]

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

Tort (other 6 years: 6 years: 3 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years from
than specific s 11(1) s 14(1)(b). s 12(1)(b). s 10(1)(a). s 35(c). See s 4(1)(a). See s 5(1)(a). See s 38(1)(c)(vi), accrual:
cases set out (general See See See [5.10.740]. [5.10.740]. [5.10.740]. (vii) (all s 13(1)
below) limitation [5.10.740]. [5.10.740]. [5.10.740]. other actions (general
period). See founded on limitation
[5.10.740]. tort and in period). See
the nature of [5.10.740].
actions on
the case).
See
[5.10.740].

1-5
Trespass 6 years: 6 years: 3 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: Trespass to Trespass to
s 11(1) s 14(1)(b) s 12(1)(b) s 10(1)(a) s 35(c) s 4(1)(a) s 5(1)(a) the person: the person:
(general (general tort (general tort (general tort (general tort (general tort (general tort 4 years: 3 years: s 16.
limitation limitation limitation limitation limitation limitation limitation s 38(1)(b). See
period). See period). See period). See period). See period). See period). See period). See See [5.10.740],
[5.10.740], [5.10.740], [5.10.740], [5.10.740], [5.10.740], [5.10.740], [5.10.740], [5.10.740], [5.10.760].
[5.10.760]. [5.10.760]. [5.10.760]. [5.10.760]. [5.10.760]. [5.10.760]. [5.10.760]. [5.10.760].
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

Trespass to
land or
goods,
detinue or
conversion: 6
years:
s 38(1)(c)(iv).
See
[5.10.740],
[5.10.760].

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Second or 6 years from 6 years from 3 years from 6 years from No provision 6 years from 6 years from No provision 6 years from
subsequent accrual of accrual of accrual of accrual of – each fresh accrual of accrual of – each fresh accrual of

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

conversion original cause original original original cause conversion original original conversion original
of action: cause of cause of of action: generates cause of cause of generates cause of
s 18 (except action: s 21. action: s 12(1). See new cause of action: action: new cause of action: s 60.
where stolen: See s 19(1). See [5.10.770]. action. See s 6(1). See s 6(1). See action. See See
s 5(b)). See [5.10.770]. [5.10.770]. [5.10.770]. [5.10.770]. [5.10.770]. [5.10.770]. [5.10.770].
[5.10.770].

Actions for 6 years: 6 years: 3 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: Action for 6 years:
breach of s 11(1) s 14(1)(b). s 12(1)(b). s 10(1)(a) s 35(c) s 4(1)(a). See s 5(1)(a). See penalties, s 13(1)
statutory (general See See (general tort (general tort [5.10.740]. [5.10.740]. damages or (general
duty limitation [5.10.740]. [5.10.740]. limitation limitation sums given limitation
period). See period). See period). See to P by any period). See

1-6
[5.10.740]. [5.10.740]. [5.10.740]. enactment: [5.10.740].
2 years:
s 38(1)(a).
See
[5.10.740].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Defamation Before Before Before Before Before Before Before Libel; 1 year from
23/2/2006: 1/1/2006: 26/4/2006: 1/1/2006: 1/1/2006: 1/1/2006: 1/1/2006: slander publication:

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

1 year from 1 year from 3 years: 6 years: Libel: 6 6 years: 6 years: actionable on s 15 (subject
publication: publication: s 12(1)(b) s 10(1)(a) years: s 35(c) s 4(1)(a) s 5(1)(a) proof of to
s 21B(1) (as s 14B(3) (general tort (general tort (general tort (general tort (general tort damage: transitional
in force prior (now limitation limitation limitation limitation limitation 6 years: provisions in
to amend- repealed). period). See period). See period). See period). See period). See s 38(1)(c)(vi) s 8(2)). See
ment). See See [5.10.780]. [5.10.780]. [5.10.780]. [5.10.780]. [5.10.780]. (general tort [5.10.1250].
[5.10.1240]. [5.10.1240]. On or after On or after Slander: On or after On or after limitation
On or after On or after 26/4/2006: 1/1/2006: 2 years: s 37. 1/1/2006: 1/1/2006: period). See
23/2/2006: 1/1/2006: 1 year from 1 year from See 1 year from 1 year from [5.10.780].
1 year from 1 year from publication: publication: [5.10.780]. publication: publication: Slander
publication: publication: s 12(2)(b) s 10AA On or after Defamation s 5(1AAA) actionable
s 21B(1) s 14B (subject to (subject to 1/1/2006: Act 2005 (subject to without proof

1-7
(subject to (subject to transitional transitional 1 year from (Tas) transitional of damage:
transitional transitional provisions in provisions in publication: s 20A(1) provisions in 2 years:
provisions in provisions in Defamation Defamation s 37(1) Defamation s 38(1)(a)(ii).
Civil Law Sch 5 Pt 2 (subject to (subject to
Act 2006 Act 2005 Act 2005 See
(Wrongs) Act cl 7(2)). See transitional transitional [5.10.1240].
(NT), (Qld), (Vic),
2002 (ACT), [5.10.1250]. provisions in provisions in
s 45(2)). See s 49(2)). See s 46(2)). See
s 230(2), Defamation Defamation
[5.10.1250]. [5.10.1250]. [5.10.1250].
Act 2005 Act 2005
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

effect of this
section (SA), Sch 1 (Tas),
continues Pt 6 cl 8(2)). s 20B(2)).
after expiry: See See
Legislation [5.10.1250]. [5.10.1250].
Act 2001
(ACT), s 88).
See
[5.10.1250].

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Extension of Before Before Before Before Before Before Before No provision. Up to

limitation 23/2/2006: 1/1/2006: 26/4/2006: 1/1/2006: 1/1/2006: 1/1/2006: 1/1/2006: 3 years from

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

period for Up to 2 years Up to 3 years No provi- No provision. No provision. No provision. No provision. publication,
defamation from from sion. On or On or after On or after On or after On or after if unreason-
publication, if publication, after 1/1/2006: 1/1/2006: 1/1/2006: 1/1/2006: able for P to
unreasonable if unreason- 26/4/2006: Up to 3 years Up to 3 years Up to 3 years Up to 3 years have
for P to have able for P to Up to 3 years from from from from commenced
known about have from publication, if publication, publication, publication, action within
matter commenced publication, unreasonable if unreason- if unreason- if unreason- limitation
complained action within if for P to have able for P to able for P to able for P to period: s 40.
of within 1 year from unreasonable commenced have have have See
1 year from publication: for P to have action within commenced commenced commenced [5.10.1250].
publication: s 56A (as in commenced limitation action within action within action within
s 21B(2) (as force prior to action within period: limitation limitation limitation

1-8
in force prior amendment). limitation s 32A. See period: period: period:
to amend- See period: [5.10.1250]. s 37(2). See Defamation s 23B. See
ment). See [5.10.1240]. s 44A. See [5.10.1250]. Act 2005 [5.10.1250].
[5.10.1240]. On or after [5.10.1250]. (Tas),
On or after 1/1/2006: s 20A(2). See
23/2/2006: Up to 3 years
Up to 3 years from [5.10.1250].
from publication,
publication, if if
unreasonable unreasonable
for P to have for P to have
commenced commenced
action within action within
limitation limitation
period: period:
s 21B(2). See s 56A. See
[5.10.1250]. [5.10.1250].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

PROPERTY DAMAGE AND ECONOMIC LOSS: [5.10.1200] – [5.10.1230]

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

Actions for 6 years: 6 years: 3 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years:
negligence s 11(1) s 14(1)(b) s 12(1)(b) s 10(1)(a) s 35(c) s 4(1)(a) s 5(1)(a) s 38(1)(c)(vi) s 13(1)
for property (general (general tort (general tort (general tort (general tort (general tort (general tort (all other (general
damage or limitation limitation limitation limitation limitation limitation limitation actions limitation
economic period). See period). See period). See period). See period). See period). See period). See founded on period). See
loss [5.10.740]. [5.10.740]. [5.10.740]. [5.10.740]. [5.10.740]. [5.10.740]. [5.10.740]. tort). See [5.10.740].
See also See also See also See also See also See also See also [5.10.740]. See also
[5.10.1200] – [5.10.1200] – [5.10.1200] – [5.10.1200] – [5.10.1200] – [5.10.1200] – [5.10.1200] – See also [5.10.1200] –
[5.10.1220]. [5.10.1220]. [5.10.1220]. [5.10.1220]. [5.10.1220]. [5.10.1220]. [5.10.1220]. [5.10.1200] – [5.10.1220].
[5.10.1220].

Actions in 10 years from 10 years 10 years No provision. 10 years 10 years 10 years No provision. No provision.

1-9
respect of date from date from date of from from date from date of
defective certificate of final issue of completion: certificate of issue of
building completion occupation occupancy Development occupancy occupancy
work given, date of certificate permit, or Act 1993 issued, date permit or
last issued, or date of first (SA), s 73. of first date of issue
inspection, or date of last occupation See occupation, of certificate
date of first inspection, or after or 2 years of final
[5.10.1200].
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

occupation: date of first completion: after issue of inspection:

Building Act occupation: Building Act building Building Act
2004 (ACT), Environmental 1993 (NT), permit: 1993 (Vic),
s 142. See Planning and ss 159 – 160. Building Act ss 130, 134,
[5.10.1200]. Assessment See 2000 (Tas), see also
Act 1979 [5.10.1200]. ss 255 – 256. s 134A
(NSW), See (10-year
s 109ZK. See [5.10.1200]. limitation
[5.10.1200]. period on
plumbing
work). See
[5.10.1200].

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Extension of Up to No provision. Any period, No provision. Any period, No provision. No provision. No provision. Where court
limitation 15 years from if material if material satisfied that

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

period for date of act or facts not facts not failure to
actions for omission ascertained ascertained commence
negligence giving rise to until until action
for property cause of 12 months 12 months attributable
damage or action, if just before end before end of to fraudulent
economic and of limitation limitation or other
loss reasonable: period or period or improper
s 40. See after end of after end of conduct, can
[5.10.1230]. period, or period, or extend time
failure to sue failure to sue in which
due to due to action can be
representa- representa- commenced
tions or tions or to up to

1 - 10
conduct of conduct of 3 years from
D, and it is D, and it is when action
just to grant just to grant ought
extension: extension: reasonably to
s 44. See s 48. See have been
[5.10.960], [5.10.960]. commenced:
[5.10.1230]. This does not s 38. See
apply to [5.10.2250].
defective
building
work:
Development
Act 1993
(SA),
s 73(1). See
[5.10.1230].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

PERSONAL INJURY: [5.10.830] – [5.10.1190]

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

Personal Before Before 3 years: 3 years: s 11. 3 years: Before Before 6 years: 3 years:
injury 9/9/2003: 1/9/1990: s 12(1)(b) See s 36(1). See 1/1/2005: 5/11/2002: s 38(1)(c)(vi), s 14(1).
6 years: 6 years: (general tort [5.10.970]. [5.10.950]. 3 years: 6 years: but cause of Action
s 11(1) s 14(1)(b) limitation s 5(1). See s 5(1)(a) action no accrues on
(general (general tort period). See [5.10.1010]. (general tort longer date P
limitation limitation [5.10.950]. On or after limitation accrues on becomes
period), see period). See 1/1/2005: period). See suffering of aware that he
also [5.10.890]. 3 years from [5.10.1050]. damage, but or she has
transitional Between date of Between according to sustained a
provisions in 1/9/1990 – discoverability 5/11/2002 – rules in significant
s 100. See 5/12/2002: or 12 years 20/5/2003: Limitation personal
[5.10.860]. 3 years: from act or 3 years: Act 2005 injury, or of
On or after s 18A. See omission, ss 5(1AA), first

1 - 11
(WA), s 55
9/9/2003: [5.10.900]. whichever 39. See or s 56: symptom,
3 years from On or after expires first: [5.10.1050]. clinical sign
date of 6/12/2002: s 5A(3). See On or after Limitation
or other
injury: 3 years from [5.10.1030]. 21/5/2003 Act 2005, manifestation
s 16B(2)(b). date of (and as from s 6. See of such
See discoverability 1/10/2003, all [5.10.1090]. injury if
[5.10.870]. or 12 years actions): earlier: s 55.
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

from act or 3 years from See

omission, date of [5.10.1100].
whichever discoverability
expires first: or 12 years
s 50C. See from act or
[5.10.930]. omission,
whichever
expires first:
s 27D. See
[5.10.1070].

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Extension of Before Before Any period, 1 year after Any period, Before Between No provision. Up to
personal 9/9/2003: 1/9/1990: if material material facts if material 1/1/2005: Up 11/5/1977 – 3 years from

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

injury Any period, if 1 year after facts not of decisive facts not to 6 years, if 20/5/2003: when P
period just and material facts ascertained character ascertained just and Any period, became
reasonable: of decisive until within P’s until reasonable: if just and aware, or
s 36. See character 12 months means of 12 months s 5(3). reasonable: ought
[5.10.880]. within P’s before end knowledge: before end of Alternatively, s 23A. See reasonably to
On or after means of of limitation s 31(2). See limitation up to 3 years [5.10.1060]. have become
9/9/2003: knowledge: period or [5.10.980] – period or from date of On or after aware, of
No provision. s 58(2). See after end of [5.10.1000]. after end of discoverabil- 21/5/2003 physical
See [5.10.890]. period, or period, or ity, or up to (and as from cause of
[5.10.880]. Between failure to sue failure to sue 3 years from 1/10/2003, all injury, or that
1/9/1990 – due to due to 1/1/2005, actions): injury
5/12/2002: representa- representa- subject to Any period, attributable
Up to 5 years, tions or tions or certain if just and to conduct of

1 - 12
if just and conduct of conduct of conditions: reasonable: D, or of D’s
reasonable: D, and it is D, and it is s 38A. See s 27K. See identity, if
s 60C. See just to grant just to grant [5.10.1020]. [5.10.1080]. court
[5.10.910]. extension: extension: On or after satisfied that
On or after s 44. See s 48. See 1/1/2005: when
6/12/2002: [5.10.960]. [5.10.960]. 12-year limitation
12-year period: Up to period
period: Up to 3 years from expired P not
3 years from date of aware of
date of discoverability. matter in
discoverability. 3-year question:
3-year period: No s 39. See
period: No extension: [5.10.1120].
extension: s 5A(5). See
s 62A. See [5.10.1040].
[5.10.940].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Special On or after Dust-related Personal Personal Latent injury: No provision. Before Asbestos- Asbestos-
provisions 9/9/2003: conditions: injury arising injury Limitation 21/5/2003: related related

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

applicable Disease or No limitation from a dust resulting period begins Disease or disease: disease:
to specific disorder: period: Dust disease: No from to run when disorder: Where P did Where P did
types of 3 years from Diseases limitation dust-related injury first Action not have not have
personal date of Tribunal Act period: condition: No comes to P’s accrues on knowledge of knowledge of
injury discoverabil- 1989 (NSW), s 12(2)(a). limitation knowledge: date P first relevant facts relevant facts
ity: period: s 36(1a). See knows of before before
s 12A. See injuries and 1/1/1984, 1/1/1984,
s 16B(2)(a). s 11(2) [5.10.950].
See [5.10.900]. that injuries limitation action
[5.10.870]. Before were caused period begins accrues when
5/12/2002: by some to run when P has
Latent injury, person: P has knowledge of
disease or ss 5(1A), 39. knowledge of relevant
impairment: See relevant facts: s 56.

1 - 13
Limitation [5.10.1050]. facts: See
period may On or after s 38A(6). [5.10.1110].
be extended 21/5/2003 See
by any (and as from [5.10.1110].
period, if just 1/10/2003, all
and actions):
reasonable: No limitation
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

s 60G, Sch 5 period for

Pt 1 cl 4. See dust-related
[5.10.920]. or tobacco
smoke-
related
conditions:
s 27B(2). See
[5.10.1050].

Road See See See See See See See See See
accidents [5.10.860]. [5.10.900]. [5.10.950]. [5.10.970]. [5.10.950]. [5.10.1010]. [5.10.1050]. [5.10.1090]. [5.10.1090].

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Work See See See See See See See See See
accidents [5.10.860]. [5.10.900]. [5.10.950]. [5.10.970]. [5.10.950]. [5.10.1010]. [5.10.1050]. [5.10.1090]. [5.10.1090].

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

Wrongful 3 years from Before 3 years from 3 years from 3 years from Before Between 1 year from 3 years from
death death, or 1/9/1990: death: s 17. death: s 11. death: Civil 1/1/2005: 11/5/1977 – death: Fatal death:
actions 6 years from 6 years from See See Liability Act 3 years from 20/5/2003: Accidents Act s 14(2). See
wrongful act, death: [5.10.1140]. [5.10.1140]. 1936 (SA), death: s 5(2). 6 years from 1959 (WA), [5.10.1140].
whichever is s 19(1). See s 25. See See death: s 7(1) (as in
longer: s 16. [5.10.1140]. [5.10.1140]. Wrongs Act
See Between [5.10.1140]. On or after
force prior to
1958 (Vic), amendment).
[5.10.1140]. 1/9/1990 – 1/1/2005: s 20(1),
5/12/2002: 3 years from See
except where [5.10.1140].
3 years from date of death caused
death: discoverability
s 19(1). See or 12 years by disease or

1 - 14
[5.10.1140]. from act or disorder,
On or after omission, when action
6/12/2002: whichever accrues on
3 years from expires first: date P first
date of s 5A(3), (4). knows of
discoverability See injuries and
or 12 years [5.10.1140]. that injuries
from act or
omission, were caused
whichever by some
expires first: person:
s 50C. See s 20(1A). See
[5.10.1140]. [5.10.1140].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Wrongful On or after
death 21/5/2003

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

actions – (and as from
continued 1/10/2003, all
actions):
3 years from
date of
discoverabil-
ity or
12 years
from act or
omission,
whichever
expires first:
ss 27B, 27D.

1 - 15
See
[5.10.1140].
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Extension of Up to 6 years Before Any period, 1 year after Any period, Before Between Up to Up to
wrongful from death: 1/9/1990: if material material facts if material 1/1/2005: 11/5/1977 – 6 years from 3 years from

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

death s 39. See Where facts not of decisive facts not Up to 6 years, 20/5/2003: death, if D when P
limitation [5.10.1160]. material facts ascertained character ascertained if just and Any period, consents or became
period of decisive until within P’s until reasonable: if just and court gives aware, or
character not 12 months means of 12 months s 5(2), (3). reasonable: leave on ought
within before end knowledge: before end of Alternatively, Wrongs Act ground that reasonably to
deceased’s of limitation s 31(2). See limitation up to 3 years 1958 (Vic), delay have become
means of period or [5.10.1150]. period or from date of s 20(2). See occasioned aware, of
knowledge after end of after end of discoverabil- [5.10.1180]. by mistake physical
more than period, or period, or ity, or up to On or after or other cause of
1 year prior failure to sue failure to sue 3 years from 21/5/2003 reasonable injury, or that
to death, due to due to 1/1/2005, (and as from cause, or that injury
court can representa- representa- subject to 1/10/2003, all prospective attributable
disregard tions or tions or certain D not to conduct of

1 - 16
actions): any
limitation conduct of conduct of conditions: period, if just materially D, or of D’s
period: s 60. D, and it is D, and it is s 38A. See and prejudiced, identity, if
See just to grant just to grant [5.10.1150]. reasonable: and court court
[5.10.1170]. extension: extension: On or after s 27K. See thinks it just satisfied that
In cases of s 44. See s 48. See 1/1/2005: [5.10.1180]. to do so: when
latent injury, [5.10.1150]. [5.10.1150]. 12-year Fatal limitation
disease or period: Up to Accidents Act period
impairment: 3 years from 1959 (WA), expired P not
Any period, date of s 7(2) (as in aware of
if just and discoverability. matter in
reasonable: 3-year force prior to
question:
Sch 5 Pt 1 period: No amendment). s 39. See
cl 4. extension: See [5.10.1150].
Between s 5A(4), (5). [5.10.1190].
1/9/1990 – See
5/12/2002: [5.10.1150].
Up to 5 years,
if just and
reasonable:
s 60D. See
[5.10.1170].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Extension of In cases of Further

wrongful latent injury, provisions

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

death disease or for
limitation impairment: asbestos-
period – Any period, related
continued if just and diseases: see
reasonable: [5.10.1190].
s 60H. See
[5.10.1170].
On or after
6/12/2002:
12-year
period: Up to
3 years from
date of

1 - 17
discoverability.
3-year
period: No
extension:
s 62A. See
[5.10.1170].
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

LAND: [5.10.1430] – [5.10.1610]

Actions to Title to land 12 years: Title to land 12 years: 15 years: s 4. 12 years: 15 years: s 8. 12 years: s 4. 12 years:
recover land not s 27(2). See not s 13. See See s 10(2). See See See s 19(1). See
extinguished [5.10.1430]. extinguished [5.10.1430]. [5.10.1430]. [5.10.1430]. [5.10.1430]. [5.10.1430]. [5.10.1430].
by limitation by limitation Option to
statute. See statute. See purchase
[5.10.1440]. [5.10.1440]. land: 1 year
from date of
grant: s 23A.
See
[5.10.1430].

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Action by Title to land 12 years: Title to land 12 years: 15 years: s 4. 12 years: 15 years: s 8. 12 years: s 4. 12 years:
holder of not s 27(2). not s 13. Action Action s 10(2). Action Action s 19(1).

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

future extinguished Action extinguished accrues when accrues when Action accrues when accrues when Action
interest to by limitation accrues when by limitation P becomes P becomes accrues when P becomes P becomes accrues when
recover land statute. See P becomes statute. See entitled to entitled to P becomes entitled to entitled to P becomes
[5.10.1440]. entitled to [5.10.1440]. immediate immediate entitled to immediate immediate entitled to
immediate possession, if possession, if immediate possession, if possession, if immediate
possession, if no person in no person in possession, if no person in no person in possession, if
no person in possession possession no person in possession possession no person in
possession under interest under interest possession under interest under interest possession
under interest claimed: claimed: s 9. under interest claimed: claimed: under interest
claimed: s 15(1). See See claimed: s 10(1). See s 5(d). See claimed:
s 31. See [5.10.1530]. [5.10.1530]. s 12(1). See [5.10.1530]. [5.10.1530]. s 69. See
[5.10.1530]. [5.10.1530]. [5.10.1530].

1 - 18
Actions by Title to land No provision. Title to land 12 years No provision. 12 years 15 years 12 years No provision.
holder of not not from accrual from accrual from accrual from accrual
future extinguished extinguished to person to person to person to person
interest to by limitation by limitation entitled to entitled to entitled to entitled to
recover land statute. See statute. See preceding preceding preceding preceding
in adverse [5.10.1440]. [5.10.1440]. estate or estate or estate or estate or
possession interest, or interest, or interest, or interest, or
6 years from 6 years from 6 years from 6 years from
accrual to accrual to accrual to accrual to
person person person person
entitled to entitled to entitled to entitled to
succeeding succeeding succeeding succeeding
estate or estate or estate or estate or
interest, interest, interest, interest,
whichever whichever whichever whichever
last expires: last expires: last expires: last expires:
s 15(2). See s 12(2). See s 10(2). See s 7. See
[5.10.1530]. [5.10.1530]. [5.10.1530]. [5.10.1530].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Actions by Title to land Entailed Title to land Entailed See Tenant in tail Entailed Entailed Entailed
tenant in not interests not interests [5.10.1540]. who made interests interests interests

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

tail extinguished abolished. extinguished abolished. assurance abolished. abolished. abolished.
by limitation See by limitation See which fails to See See See
statute. See [5.10.1540]. statute. See [5.10.1540]. bar entail: [5.10.1540]. [5.10.1540]. [5.10.1540].
[5.10.1440]. [5.10.1440]. 12 years
from time
assurance
would have
operated to
bar entail:
s 17. See
[5.10.1540].

1 - 19
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Actions by No provision. 30 years: Title not Title not 60 years: 30 years: Title not Title not No limitation
the Crown See s 27(1). See affected by affected by Crown Suits s 10(1). See affected by affected by period:

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

to recover [5.10.1570]. [5.10.1570]. adverse adverse Act (Nullum [5.10.1570]. adverse adverse s 19(2). See
land Action possession: possession: Tempus Act) Action possession: possession: [5.10.1570].
brought by s 6(4). See s 6(4). See 1769 9 Geo brought by s 7. See s 36. See Title not
person other [5.10.1570]. [5.10.1570]. person other [5.10.1570]. [5.10.1570]. affected by
than Crown 3 c 16 (GB).
than Crown Action adverse
where right See where right brought by possession:
first accrued [5.10.1570]. first accrued person other s 76. See
to Crown: to Crown: than Crown [5.10.1570].
Applicable 12 years where right
Crown from accrual first accrued
limitation to person to Crown:
period, or other than 15 years
12 years Crown: from accrual

1 - 20
from accrual s 10(3). See to person
to person [5.10.1570]. other than
other than Crown: s 8.
Crown, See
whichever [5.10.1570].
period first
expires:
s 27(4). See
[5.10.1570].

Actions to 6 years: 6 years: 3 years: 6 years from 6 years from 6 years from 6 years from 6 years from 6 years:
recover s 11(1) s 24(1). See s 22(1). See when arrears when arrears when arrears when arrears when arrears s 13(1)
arrears of (general [5.10.1610]. [5.10.1610]. become due: become due: become due: become due: become due: (general
rent, or limitation s 25. See s 35(d) – but s 22. See s 19. See s 34 – but limitation
damages in period). See [5.10.1610]. 15 years for [5.10.1610]. [5.10.1610]. 12 years for period). See
respect of [5.10.1610]. lease under lease under [5.10.1610].
arrears seal: s 34. seal:
See s 38(1)(d).
[5.10.1610]. See
[5.10.1610].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

MORTGAGES: [5.10.1620] – [5.10.1670]

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

Actions by Land and Land and Land and Land: Land: Land: Land: Land: Land and
mortgagor personalty: personalty: personalty: 12 years 15 years 12 years 15 years 12 years personalty:
to redeem 12 years from 12 years 12 years from date from date from date from date from date 12 years
date from date from date mortgagee mortgagee mortgagee mortgagee mortgagee from date
mortgagee mortgagee mortgagee last went into last went into last went into last went into last went into mortgagee
last went into last went into last went possession: possession: possession: possession: possession: last went into
possession, or possession, into s 20. See s 27(1). See s 18. See s 15. See s 29. See possession,
last received or last possession, [5.10.1630]. [5.10.1630]. [5.10.1630]. [5.10.1630]. [5.10.1630]. or last
payment of received or last received
principal or payment of received payment of
interest: s 23. principal or payment of principal or
See interest: s 41. principal or interest: s 25.
[5.10.1630]. See interest: See

1 - 21
[5.10.1630]. s 26. See [5.10.1630].
[5.10.1630].
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Actions by Land and Land and Land and Land: Land: Land: Land: Land: Land, or land
mortgagee personalty: personalty: personalty: 12 years: 15 years: 12 years: 15 years: s 8. 12 years: and

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

to recover 12 years: 12 years: 12 years: s 13. See s 12. See s 10(2). See See s 35. See personalty
possession s 24(1)(b). s 42(1)(b). s 27(1)(b). [5.10.1640]. [5.10.1640]. [5.10.1640]. [5.10.1640]. [5.10.1640]. combined:
See See See Personalty: Personalty: Personalty: Personalty: Personalty: 12 years:
[5.10.1640]. [5.10.1640]. [5.10.1640]. 6 years 6 years 6 years 6 years 6 years s 23.
(limitation (limitation (limitation (limitation (limitation Personalty
period for period for period for period for period for (within a
conversion): conversion): conversion): conversion): conversion): deed):
s 10(1)(a). s 35(c). See s 4(1)(a). See s 5(1)(a). See s 38(1)(c)(iv). 12 years:
See [5.10.1640]. [5.10.1640]. [5.10.1640]. See s 18 (deed
[5.10.1640]. [5.10.1640]. limitation
period).
Personalty
(not within a

1 - 22
deed):
6 years:
s 13(1)
(general
limitation
period). See
[5.10.1640].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Actions by Land and Land and Land and Land: Land: Land: Land: Land: Land, or land
mortgagee personalty: personalty: personalty: 12 years: 15 years: s 4. 12 years: 15 years: s 8. 12 years: s 4. and

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

to foreclose 12 years: 12 years: 12 years: s 13. See See s 10(2). See See See personalty
s 24(1)(c). s 42(1)(c). s 27(1)(c). [5.10.1650]. [5.10.1650]. [5.10.1650]. [5.10.1650]. [5.10.1650]. combined:
See See See Personalty: Personalty: Personalty: Personalty: Personalty: 12 years:
[5.10.1650]. [5.10.1650]. [5.10.1650]. 12 years: No limitation 12 years: 15 years: No limitation s 24.
s 26(2). See period. See s 23(2). See s 20(2). See period. See Personalty
[5.10.1650]. [5.10.1650]. [5.10.1650]. [5.10.1650]. [5.10.1650]. (within a
deed):
12 years:
s 18 (deed
limitation
period).
Personalty
(not within a

1 - 23
deed):
6 years:
s 13(1)
(general
limitation
period). See
[5.10.1650].
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Actions by Land and Land and Land and Land and Land: Land and Land and Land: Land, or land
mortgagee personalty: personalty: personalty: personalty: 15 years personalty: personalty: 12 years and

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

to recover 12 years: 12 years: 12 years: 12 years: after present 12 years: 15 years: after present personalty
principal s 24(1)(a). s 42(1)(a). s 27(1)(a). s 26(1). See right to s 23(1). See s 20(1). See right to combined:
money See See See [5.10.1660]. receive [5.10.1660]. [5.10.1660]. receive 12 years:
[5.10.1660]. [5.10.1660]. [5.10.1660]. accrues: accrues: s 20.
s 33(1). See s 32(1). See Personalty
[5.10.1660]. [5.10.1660]. (within a
Personalty Personalty deed):
(within a (within a 12 years:
deed): deed): s 18 (deed
15 years: 20 years: limitation
s 34 (deed s 38(1)(e)(i) period).
limitation (deed Personalty
period). See limitation (not within a

1 - 24
[5.10.1660]. period). See deed):
Personalty [5.10.1660]. 6 years:
(not within a Personalty s 13(1)
deed): (not within a (general
6 years: deed): limitation
s 35(a). See 6 years: period). See
[5.10.1660]. s 38(1)(c)(v) [5.10.1660].
See
[5.10.1660].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Actions by 6 years from 6 years from 3 years from 6 years from Land: 6 years from 6 years from Land: Land, or land
mortgagee accrual (or accrual (or accrual (or date on 6 years after date on date on 6 years after and

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

to recover date prior date prior date prior which interest which which interest personalty
interest mortgagee mortgagee mortgagee interest becomes due: interest interest becomes due: combined:
discontinues discontinues discontinues became due: s 35(e). See became due: became due: s 34. See 6 years from
possession) or possession) possession) s 26(5). See [5.10.1670]. s 4(5). See s 5(7). See [5.10.1670]. accrual (or
when or when or when [5.10.1670]. Personalty [5.10.1670]. [5.10.1670]. Personalty 1 year after
limitation limitation limitation (within a (within a date prior
period for period for period for deed): deed): mortgagee
action to action to action to 15 years: 20 years: discontinues
recover recover recover s 34 (deed s 38(1)(e)(i) possession, if
principal principal principal limitation (deed later) or
expires, expires, expires, period). See limitation when
whichever whichever whichever [5.10.1670]. period). See limitation
period first period first period first Personalty [5.10.1670]. period under

1 - 25
expires: expires: expires: (not within a Personalty s 20 for
s 25(1). See s 43(1). See s 28(1). See deed): (not within a action to
[5.10.1670]. [5.10.1670]. [5.10.1670]. 6 years: deed): recover
s 35(a). See 6 years: principal
[5.10.1670]. s 38(1)(c)(i). expires,
See whichever
[5.10.1670]. period first
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

expires: s 21.
See
[5.10.1670].

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Actions by Personalty:
mortgagee 6 years from

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

to recover accrual (or
interest – 1 year after
continued date prior
mortgagee
discontinues
possession, if
later) or
when
limitation
period for
action to
recover
principal

1 - 26
expires,
whichever
period first
expires: s 22.
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

TRUSTS: [5.10.1680] – [5.10.1690]

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

Actions by 6 years: 6 years: s 48. 3 years: 6 years: Same period 6 years: 6 years: Same period 6 years:
a s 11(1) See s 33. See s 27(2). See as if person s 24(2). See s 21(2). See as if person s 13(1)
beneficiary (general [5.10.1680]. [5.10.1680]. [5.10.1680]. were not [5.10.1680]. [5.10.1680]. were not (general
against a limitation trustee or trustee or limitation
trustee to period). See person person period). See
recover [5.10.1680]. claiming claiming [5.10.1680].
trust through through
property, or trustee: trustee:
for breach s 32(1). See s 47(1). See
of trust [5.10.1680]. [5.10.1680].
Claims by a Claims by a
beneficiary beneficiary
against a against a

1 - 27
trustee in trustee in
respect of respect of
property held property held
on an on an
express trust, express trust,
or in respect or in respect
of breach of of breach of
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

express trust: express trust:

No limitation No limitation
period: s 31. period:
See Supreme
[5.10.1690]. Court Act
1935 (WA),
s 25(2) (now
repealed).
See
[5.10.1690].

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Actions in 12 years from 12 years 12 years No limitation No limitation No limitation No limitation No limitation 6 years:
respect of date of from date of from date of period: period: period: period: period: s 13(1)

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

fraud or discoverabil- discoverabil- discoverabil- s 27(1). See s 32(1). See s 24(1). See s 21(1). See s 47(1). See (general
fraudulent ity, or ity, or ity, or [5.10.1690]. [5.10.1690]. [5.10.1690]. [5.10.1690]. [5.10.1690]. limitation
breach of expiration of expiration of expiration of period), but
trust, and any other any other any other court can
actions to applicable applicable applicable extend period
recover limitation limitation limitation up to 3 years
trust period under period under period under from when
property Limitation Limitation Limitation action ought
converted Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 reasonably to
by a trustee (ACT), (NSW), (NT), have been
whichever is whichever is whichever is commenced
later: s 27(1). later: s 47(1). later: if failure to
commence

1 - 28
See See s 32(1). See action
[5.10.1700]. [5.10.1700]. [5.10.1700]. attributable
to fraud or
other
improper
conduct:
s 38. See
[5.10.1700].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

DECEASED ESTATES: [5.10.1710]

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

Actions 6 years: 6 years: s 48 3 years: s 33 12 years Claim for 12 years 15 years Claim for 6 years:
claiming the s 11(1) (breach of (breach of (subject to personalty (subject to (subject to personalty s 13(1)
personal (general trust trust fraud under legacy fraud fraud under legacy (general
estate of the limitation limitation limitation provisions): in will: provisions): provisions): in will: limitation
deceased, period). See period). See period). See s 28. See 15 years: s 25. See s 22. See 12 years: period). See
under will [5.10.1710]. [5.10.1710]. [5.10.1710]. [5.10.1710]. s 33(1). See [5.10.1710]. [5.10.1710]. s 32(1). See [5.10.1710].
or on [5.10.1710]. [5.10.1710].
intestacy Claim for
personalty on
intestacy: 12
years: s 33.
See
[5.10.1710].

1 - 29
Actions to 6 years: 6 years: 3 years: 6 years from 6 years from 6 years from 6 years from 6 years from 6 years:
recover s 11(1) s 24(1). See s 22(1). See when interest when interest when interest when interest when interest s 13(1)
arrears of (general [5.10.1710]. [5.10.1710]. became due: became due: became due: became due: became due: (general
interest in limitation s 28. See s 35(e). See ss 4(5), 25. s 5(7). See s 34. See limitation
respect of period). See [5.10.1710]. [5.10.1710]. See [5.10.1710]. [5.10.1710]. period). See
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

legacy, or [5.10.1710]. [5.10.1710]. [5.10.1710].

damages in
respect of
arrears

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

ADMIRALTY ACTIONS: [5.10.1820] – [5.10.1822]

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

Maritime Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation
claims period that period that period that period that period that period that period that period that period that
generally would have would have would have would have would have would have would have would have would have
been been been been been been been been been
applicable if applicable if applicable if applicable if applicable if applicable if applicable if applicable if applicable if
proceeding proceeding proceeding proceeding proceeding proceeding proceeding proceeding proceeding
brought brought brought brought brought brought brought brought brought
otherwise otherwise otherwise otherwise otherwise otherwise otherwise otherwise otherwise
than under than under than under than under than under than under than under than under than under
Admiralty Act Admiralty Admiralty Admiralty Act Admiralty Admiralty Admiralty Admiralty Admiralty
1988 (Cth), Act 1988 Act 1988 1988 (Cth), Act 1988 Act 1988 Act 1988 Act 1988 Act 1988
or 3 years (Cth), or 3 (Cth), or 3 or 3 years (Cth), or 3 (Cth), or 3 (Cth), or 3 (Cth), or 3 (Cth), or 3

1 - 30
from when years from years from from when years from years from years from years from years from
cause of when cause when cause cause of when cause when cause when cause when cause when cause
action arose of action of action action arose of action of action of action of action of action
(but may be arose (but arose (but (but may be arose (but arose (but arose (but arose (but arose (but
extended in may be may be extended in may be may be may be may be may be
certain extended in extended in certain extended in extended in extended in extended in extended in
circumstances) certain certain circumstances) certain certain certain certain certain
– Admiralty circumstances) circumstances) – Admiralty circumstances) circumstances) circumstances) circumstances) circumstances)
Act 1988 – Admiralty – Admiralty Act 1988 – Admiralty – Admiralty – Admiralty – Admiralty – Admiralty
(Cth), s 37. Act 1988 Act 1988 (Cth), s 37. Act 1988 Act 1988 Act 1988 Act 1988 Act 1988
See (Cth), s 37. (Cth), s 37. See (Cth), s 37. (Cth), s 37. (Cth), s 37. (Cth), s 37. (Cth), s 37.
[5.10.1820]. See See [5.10.1820]. See See See See See
[5.10.1820]. [5.10.1820]. [5.10.1820]. [5.10.1820]. [5.10.1820]. [5.10.1820]. [5.10.1820].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Actions to 2 years from 2 years from 2 years from Admiralty Act Admiralty 2 years from Admiralty 2 years from Admiralty
enforce date of date of date of 1988 (Cth), Act 1988 date of Act 1988 date of Act 1988

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

claim or damage (but damage (but damage (but s 37 applies. (Cth), s 37 damage (but (Cth), s 37 damage (but (Cth), s 37
lien against can be can be can be See above applies. See can be applies. See can be applies. See
ship or extended to extended to extended to extended to extended to
shipowner such extent as such extent and above and above and above and
such extent such extent such extent
in respect of court thinks as court as court [5.10.1821]. [5.10.1821]. as court [5.10.1821]. as court [5.10.1821].
damage to fit): s 19(1), thinks fit): thinks fit): thinks fit): thinks fit):
another (3). See s 22(2), (4). s 20(3), (5). s 8(2), (4). Supreme
ship, its [5.10.1821]. See See See Court Act
cargo or [5.10.1821]. [5.10.1821]. [5.10.1821]. 1935 (WA),
freight, any s 29 (now
property on
board, or repealed).
loss of life See

1 - 31
or personal [5.10.1821].
injury
suffered by
anyone on
board

Actions to 2 years from 2 years from 2 years from Admiralty Act Admiralty 2 years from Admiralty Admiralty Admiralty
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

enforce date services date services date services 1988 (Cth), Act 1988 date services Act 1988 Act 1988 Act 1988
claim or rendered (but rendered (but rendered (but s 37 applies. (Cth), s 37 rendered (but (Cth), s 37 (Cth), s 37 (Cth), s 37
lien in can be can be can be See above applies. See can be applies. See applies. See applies. See
respect of extended to extended to extended to extended to
salvage such extent as such extent such extent and above and
such extent above and above and above and
services court thinks as court as court [5.10.1821]. [5.10.1821]. as court [5.10.1821]. [5.10.1821]. [5.10.1821].
fit): s 19(2), thinks fit): thinks fit): thinks fit):
(3). See s 22(3), (4). s 20(4), (5). s 8(3), (4).
[5.10.1821]. See See See
[5.10.1821]. [5.10.1821]. [5.10.1821].

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

MISCELLANEOUS: [5.10.1870], [5.10.1910] – [5.10.2040]

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

Actions for Limitation 6 years: s 15. 3 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: Limitation
an account period for See s 13. See s 10(2). See s 35(b). See s 4(2). See s 5(2). See s 38(1)(c)(ii) period for
cause of [5.10.730]. [5.10.730]. [5.10.730]. [5.10.730]. [5.10.730]. [5.10.730]. (between cause of
action that is merchants), action that is
basis of duty s 38(1)(c)(iii) basis of duty
to account (other cases). to account
applies: s 12. See applies: s 26.
See [5.10.730]. See
[5.10.730]. [5.10.730].

Arbitrations Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation
period fixed period fixed period fixed period fixed period fixed period fixed period fixed period fixed period fixed

1 - 32
by Limitation by Limitation by Limitation by Limitation by Limitation by Limitation by Limitation by Limitation by Limitation
Act 1885 Act 1969 Act 1981 Act 1974 Act 1936 Act 1974 Act 1958 Act 1935 Act 2005
(ACT) for (NSW) for (NT) for (Qld) for (SA) for (Tas) for (Vic) for (WA) for (WA) for
action in action in action in action in action in action in action in action in civil
respect of respect of respect of respect of respect of respect of respect of respect of proceeding in
same matter same matter same matter same matter same matter same matter same matter same matter respect of
applies: s 47. applies: s 70. applies: s 46. applies: applies: s 3 applies: applies: applies: s 3 same matter
See See See s 41(1). See (definition of s 33(1). See s 28(1). See (definition of applies: s 29.
[5.10.1860]. [5.10.1860]. [5.10.1860]. [5.10.1860]. “action”). [5.10.1860]. [5.10.1860]. “action”). See
See See [5.10.1860].
[5.10.1860]. [5.10.1860].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Extension of No provision. In stated Any period, In stated Any period, In stated In stated No provision. In stated
limitation See circum- if material circum- if material circum- circum- See circum-

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

period for [5.10.1860]. stances, court facts not stances, court facts not stances, court stances, court [5.10.1860]. stances, court
arbitration can order ascertained can order that ascertained can order can order can order
that time until time between until that time that time that time
between 12 months commence- 12 months between between between
commence- before end ment of before end of commence- commence- commence-
ment of of limitation arbitration limitation ment of ment of ment of
arbitration period or and making period or arbitration arbitration arbitration
and making after end of of order after end of and making and making and making
of order period, or should not period, or of order of order of order
should not failure to sue count in failure to sue should not should not should not
count in due to reckoning of due to count in count in count in
reckoning of representa- limitation representa- reckoning of reckoning of reckoning of
limitation tions or period: tions or limitation limitation limitation

1 - 33
period: s 73. conduct of s 41(5). See conduct of period: period: period: s 54.
See D, and it is [5.10.1860]. D, and it is s 33(5). See s 28(5). See See
[5.10.1860]. just to grant just to grant [5.10.1860]. [5.10.1860]. [5.10.1860].
extension: extension:
s 48. See s 48. See
[5.10.1860]. [5.10.1860].
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Contribu- 2 years from 2 years from 2 years from 2 years from Within 12 months Within period 6 years (by 2 years: s 17.
tion and accrual to accrual to accrual to accrual to period in after writ in in which virtue of Action

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

indemnity tortfeasor, or tortfeasor, or tortfeasor, or tortfeasor, or which P original action against being treated accrues when
between 4 years from 4 years from 4 years from 4 years from could have action served tortfeasor as action on judgment
joint expiry of expiry of expiry of expiry of brought on D: may have the case): given or
tortfeasors limitation limitation limitation limitation action Wrongs Act been s 38(1)(c)(vii). award made,
period for period for period for period for against 1954 (Tas), commenced, See or at date of
principal principal principal principal person from s 3(5). See or 12 months [5.10.1260]. agreement
cause of cause of cause of cause of whom [5.10.1260]. after writ fixing
action, action, action, action, contribution served on amount of
whichever whichever whichever whichever is sought, or that person, liability:
period expires period period period 2 years after whichever is s 58. See
first: s 21(1). expires first: expires first: expires first: final the longer: [5.10.1260].
See s 26(1). See s 24(1). See s 40(1). See determination Wrongs Act
[5.10.1260]. [5.10.1260]. [5.10.1260]. [5.10.1260]. of damages 1958 (Vic),

1 - 34
payable by s 24(4). See
person [5.10.1260].
entitled to
contribution,
whichever is
the longer:
Law Reform
(Contributory
Negligence
and
Apportionment
of Liability)
Act 2001
(SA), s 6(4).
See
[5.10.1260].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Actions See Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation 1 year, or Limitation
against the [5.10.1870]. period fixed period fixed period fixed period fixed period fixed period fixed 6 years if period fixed

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

Crown by Limitation by Limita- by Limitation by Limitation by Limitation by Limitation Attorney- by Limitation
Act for tion Act for Act for Act for Act for Act for General Act for
action action action against action action against action against consents or action
against against private against private private court grants against
private private defendant private defendant defendant leave: Crown private
defendant defendant applies: defendant applies: applies: Suits Act defendant
applies: applies: s 6(1). See applies: s 37(1). See s 32(1). See 1947 (WA), applies:
s 10(1). See s 6(1). See [5.10.1870]. Crown [5.10.1870]. [5.10.1870]. s 6 (now s 10(1). See
[5.10.1870]. [5.10.1870]. Proceedings [5.10.1870].
repealed).
Act 1992 See
(SA), s 11. [5.10.1870].
See

1 - 35
[5.10.1870].

Actions No provision. No provision. No No provision. No provision. No provision. No provision. 1 year, or No provision.

against See See provision. See See See See 6 years if See
public [5.10.1880]. [5.10.1880]. See [5.10.1880]. [5.10.1880]. [5.10.1880]. [5.10.1880]. Attorney- [5.10.1880].
authorities [5.10.1880]. General
consents or
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

court grants
leave: s 47A.
See
[5.10.1880].

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Actions to 6 years: Arrears of Arrears of No general Arrears of 6 years: 6 years: Arrears of 6 years:
recover s 11(1) income: income: provision, but interest in s 4(5). See s 5(7). See interest in s 13(1)

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

arrears of (general 6 years: 3 years: some specific respect of [5.10.1310]. [5.10.1310]. respect of (general
interest limitation s 24(1). See s 22(1). See limitation sum of sum of limitation
period). See [5.10.1310]. [5.10.1310]. periods for money money period). See
[5.10.1310]. particular charged on charged on [5.10.1310].
forms of land or rent, land or rent,
interest. See or arrears of or arrears of
[5.10.1310]. interest in interest in
respect of respect of
any legacy, any legacy,
or action for or action for
damages in damages in
respect of respect of
such arrears: such arrears:

1 - 36
6 years: 6 years: s 34.
s 35(e), (f). See
See [5.10.1310].
[5.10.1310]. Arrears of
interest in
respect of
any sum of
money, or
damages in
respect of
such arrears:
6 years:
s 38(1)
(proviso).
See
[5.10.1310].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Actions on 12 years from 12 years 12 years 12 years 15 years 12 years 15 years 12 years 6 years:
a judgment date judgment from date from date from date from from date from date from date s 13(1)

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

became judgment judgment judgment recovery of judgment judgment right to (general
enforceable: became became became judgment: became became receive limitation
s 14(1). See enforceable: enforceable: enforceable: s 34. See enforceable: enforceable: judgment period). See
[5.10.1270]. s 17(1). See s 15(1). See s 10(4). See [5.10.1270]. s 4(4). See s 5(4). See accrued: [5.10.1270].
[5.10.1270]. [5.10.1270]. [5.10.1270]. [5.10.1270]. [5.10.1270]. s 32(1). See
[5.10.1270].

Actions to 6 years: s 17. 6 years: s 20. 3 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years:
enforce an Action Action s 18. Action s 10(1)(c). s 35(a). See s 4(1)(c). See s 5(1)(c). See s 38(1)(c)(i). s 13(1)
arbitral accrues when accrues when accrues when See [5.10.1280]. [5.10.1280]. [5.10.1280]. See (general
award default in default in default in [5.10.1280]. [5.10.1280]. limitation
(where observance of observance observance period).
agreement award first of award first of award Action

1 - 37
to arbitrate occurs: occurs: first occurs: accrues when
not under s 17(3). See s 20(3). See s 18(3). See default in
seal) [5.10.1280]. [5.10.1280]. [5.10.1280]. observance
of award first
occurs: s 64.
See
[5.10.1280].
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

Actions to 12 years: 12 years: 12 years: 12 years: 15 years: 12 years: 15 years: 20 years: 12 years:
enforce an s 17. Action s 20. Action s 18. Action s 10(3) (deed s 34 (deed s 4(3) (deed s 5(3) (deed s 38(1)(e)(i) s 18 (deed
arbitral accrues when accrues when accrues when limitation limitation limitation limitation (deed limitation
award default in default in default in period). See period). See period). See period). See limitation period).
(where observance of observance observance [5.10.1280]. [5.10.1280]. [5.10.1280]. [5.10.1280]. period). See Action
agreement award first of award first of award [5.10.1280]. accrues when
to arbitrate occurs: occurs: first occurs: default in
made under s 17(3). See s 20(3). See s 18(3). See observance
seal) [5.10.1280]. [5.10.1280]. [5.10.1280]. of award first
occurs: s 64.
See
[5.10.1280].

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Actions to 6 years: 6 years: 3 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 6 years: 20 years: 6 years:
enforce a s 11(1) s 14(1)(c). s 12(1)(c). s 10(1)(b). s 35(h) (“for s 4(1)(b). See s 5(1)(b). See s 38(1)(e)(ii). s 13(1)

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

recogni- (general See See See an escape”). [5.10.1290]. [5.10.1290]. See (general
sance limitation [5.10.1290]. [5.10.1290]. [5.10.1290]. See [5.10.1290]. limitation
period). See [5.10.1290]. period). See
[5.10.1290]. [5.10.1290].

Actions to 2 years: 2 years: 2 years: 2 years: No provision. 2 years: 2 years: Action for 6 years:
recover a s 15(1). See s 18(1). See s 16(1). See s 10(5). See See s 4(6). See s 5(5)(a). See forfeiture on s 13(1)
penalty or [5.10.1300]. [5.10.1300]. [5.10.1300]. [5.10.1300]. [5.10.1300]. [5.10.1300]. [5.10.1300]. penal statute: (general
forfeiture or Where limitation
other sum forfeiture or period). See
recoverable benefit [5.10.1300].
by virtue of limited to
an Crown:

1 - 38
enactment 2 years:
s 37(1).
Where
forfeiture or
benefit
limited to
Crown and
any person
who
prosecutes in
that behalf:
1 year; in
default
Crown can
commence
proceedings
within
2 years of
ending of
that year:
s 37(2).
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Actions to Where
recover a forfeiture or

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

penalty or benefit
forfeiture or limited to
other sum person who
recoverable prosecutes in
by virtue of that behalf:
an 1 year:
enactment – s 37(3).
continued Action for
penalty,
damages or
other sum
given by
statute to P:

1 - 39
2 years:
s 38(1)(a)(i).
See
[5.10.1300].

Actions to 6 years: 6 years: 3 years: 6 years: No provision. 6 years: 6 years: Will depend 6 years:
recover sum s 11(1) s 14(1)(d). s 12(1)(d). s 10(1)(d). See s 4(1)(d). See s 5(1)(d). See upon nature s 13(1)
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

recoverable (general See See See [5.10.1300]. [5.10.1300]. [5.10.1300]. of the action. (general
by virtue of limitation [5.10.1300]. [5.10.1300]. [5.10.1300]. See limitation
an period). See [5.10.1300]. period). See
enactment [5.10.1300]. [5.10.1300].
(other than
penalty or
forfeiture or
sum by way
of penalty
or
forfeiture)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Personal Before Before 3 years: 3 years: s 11. 3 years: Before Before 6 years: 3 years:
injury 9/9/2003: 1/9/1990: s 12(1)(b) See s 36(1). See 1/1/2005: 5/11/2002: s 38(1)(c)(vi), s 14(1).

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

action 6 years: 6 years: (general tort [5.10.1830]. [5.10.1830]. 3 years: 6 years: but cause of Action
surviving s 11(1) s 14(1)(b) limitation s 5(1). See s 5(1)(a) action no accrues on
for benefit (general (general tort period). See [5.10.1830]. (general tort longer death: s 57.
of estate of limitation limitation [5.10.1830]. On or after limitation accrues on See
deceased period), see period). See 1/1/2005: period). See suffering of [5.10.1830].
person also s 100. [5.10.1830]. 3 years from [5.10.1830]. damage, but
See Between date of Between according to
[5.10.1830]. 1/9/1990 – discoverability 5/11/2002 – rules in
On or after 5/12/2002: or 12 years 20/5/2003: Limitation
9/9/2003: 3 years: from act or 3 years: Act 2005
3 years from s 18A. See omission, ss 5(1A), 39. (WA), s 55
date of [5.10.1830]. whichever See or s 56:
injury: On or after expires first: [5.10.1830].

1 - 40
s 16B(2)(b). 6/12/2002: s 5A(3). See On or after Limitation
See 3 years from [5.10.1830]. 21/5/2003 Act 2005,
[5.10.1830]. date of (and as from s 6. See
discoverability 1/10/2003, all [5.10.1830].
or 12 years actions):
from act or 3 years from
omission, date of
whichever discoverability
expires first: or 12 years
s 50C. See from act or
[5.10.1830]. omission,
whichever
expires first:
s 27D. See
[5.10.1830].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Extension of Up to 6 years Before Any period, 1 year after Any period, Before Between No provision. Up to
period for from death, if 1/9/1990: if material material facts if material 1/1/2005: 11/5/1977 – 3 years from

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

personal just and 1 year after facts not of decisive facts not Up to 6 years, 20/5/2003: when P
injury reasonable: material facts ascertained character ascertained if just and Any period if became
action s 38. See of decisive until within P’s until reasonable: just and aware, or
surviving [5.10.1840]. character 12 months means of 12 months s 5(3). reasonable: ought
for benefit within P’s before end knowledge: before end of Alternatively, s 23A. See reasonably to
of estate of means of of limitation s 32. See limitation up to 3 years [5.10.1840]. have become
deceased knowledge: period or [5.10.1840]. period or from date of On or after aware, of
person s 59. See after end of after end of discoverabil- 21/5/2003 physical
[5.10.1840]. period, or period, or ity, or up to (and as from cause of
Between failure to sue failure to sue 3 years from 1/10/2003, all injury, or that
1/9/1990 – due to due to 1/1/2005, actions): Any injury
5/12/2002: representa- representa- subject to period if just attributable
Up to 5 years, tions or tions or certain and to conduct of

1 - 41
if just and conduct of conduct of conditions: reasonable: D, or of D’s
reasonable: D, and it is D, and it is s 38A. See s 27K. See identity, if
s 60C. See just to grant just to grant [5.10.1840]. [5.10.1840]. court
[5.10.1840]. extension: extension: On or after satisfied that
On or after s 44. See s 48. See 1/1/2005: when
6/12/2002: [5.10.1840]. [5.10.1840]. 12-year limitation
12-year Extend by period: Up to period
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

period: Up to period equal 3 years from expired P not

3 years from to period date of aware of
date of between discoverability. matter in
discoverability. death and 3-year question:
3-year grant of period: No s 39. See
period: No probate, or extension: [5.10.1840].
extension: 1 year, s 5A(6). See
s 62A. See whichever is [5.10.1840].
[5.10.1840]. lesser: s 46A.
See
[5.10.1840].

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Cause of Same period Same period Unless Same period Unless Unless Same period Unless Same period
action in as if deceased as if proceedings as if proceedings proceedings as if proceedings as if

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

tort had survived. deceased had pending at deceased had pending at pending at deceased had pending at deceased had
surviving See survived. See date of survived. See date of death, date of death, survived. See date of death, survived. See
against [5.10.1830]. [5.10.1830]. death, 1 year [5.10.1830]. 6 months 1 year after [5.10.1830]. 1 year after [5.10.1830].
estate of after cause after cause of cause of cause of
deceased of action action arose action arose action arose
person arose and and 6 months and 6 months and 6 months
1 year after after grant of after grant of after grant of
grant of probate or probate or probate or
probate or administra- administra- administra-
administration: Survival tion: tion, or
tion: Law of Causes of Administration 1 year after
Reform Action Act and Probate death,
(Miscellaneous Act 1935 whichever is

1 - 42
1940 (SA),
Provisions) s 4. See (Tas), the later:
Act 1956 s 27(5). See Law Reform
[5.10.1830].
(NT), s 7(1). [5.10.1830]. (Miscellaneous
See Provisions)
[5.10.1830]. Act 1941
(WA), s 4(3)
(now
repealed).
See
[5.10.1830].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Extension of Restrictions No provision. Any period: No provision. Any period, Such further In personal Such further No provision.
period for on court’s See if material See if material period as injury cases, period as See

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

action power to [5.10.1850]. facts not [5.10.1850]. facts not justice of such period justice of [5.10.1850]
against extend: s 37. ascertained ascertained case may as court case may
estate of See until until require: decides is require: Law
deceased [5.10.1850]. 12 months 12 months Administration just and Reform
person before end before end of and Probate reasonable: (Miscellaneous
of limitation limitation Act 1935 Administration Provisions)
period or period or (Tas), and Probate
after end of after end of Act 1941
s 27(6). See Act 1958 (WA), s 4(3)
period, or period, or (Vic),
failure to sue failure to sue [5.10.1850]. (now
due to due to s 29(3)(b)(ii). repealed).
representa- representa- See See
tions or tions or [5.10.1850]. [5.10.1850].

1 - 43
conduct of conduct of
D, and just D, and just
to grant to grant
extension: extension:
s 44; or (for s 48. See
certain [5.10.1850].
actions)
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

within such
further
period as
Supreme
Court
allows: Law
Reform
(Miscellaneous
Provisions)
Act 1956
(NT), s 7(1).
See
[5.10.1850].

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Actions to 6 months 12 months 6 months 12 months 6 months 12 months 12 months 12 months 12 months
recover tax after tax paid: after tax after tax after tax after tax after tax after tax after tax after tax

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

s 21A(1). See paid: paid: paid: paid: s 38(2). paid: paid: paid: paid: s 28(1).
[5.10.1890]. Recovery of s 35D(1). s 10A(1). See See s 25D(2). See s 20A(1). See s 37A(1). See
Imposts Act See [5.10.1890]. [5.10.1890]. [5.10.1890]. [5.10.1890]. See [5.10.1890].
1963 (NSW), [5.10.1890]. [5.10.1890].
s 2(1)(b). See
[5.10.1890].

1 - 44
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

EFFECT OF MINORITY OR OTHER DISABILITY: [5.10.2010] – [5.10.2140]

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

Effect of Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Common law Minors:
disability period is period is period is period does period is period does period does actions: P is under 15
(other than suspended suspended suspended not com- suspended not com- not com- Limitation when action
specific during during during mence during mence mence period does accrues:
provisions disability. disability. disability. until disabil- disability, until disabil- until disabil- not com- Limitation
set out If would If would If would ity ceases. and is ity ceases. ity ceases. mence period is
below) otherwise otherwise otherwise Limitation extended by Limitation Limitation until disabil- 6 years
expire less expire less expire less period is period for period is period is ity ceases: (unless longer
than 3 years than 3 years than 3 years 6 years from which 6 years from 6 years from s 40. See limitation
after P ceased after P after P date P ceased disability date P ceased date P ceased [5.10.2020]. period
to be disabled ceased to be ceased to be to be exists after to be to be Actions to applies):
or died, disabled or disabled or disabled or time at disabled or disabled or recover land: s 30. See
limitation died, died, died, except which right died, except died, except Limitation [5.10.2040].

1 - 45
period expires limitation limitation in actions for to bring where where period is P is 15, 16
3 years after period period personal action arose: applicable applicable 6 years from or 17 when
cessation of expires expires injury or s 45(1). limitation limitation date P ceased action
disability or 3 years after 3 years after death, where Subject to an period is less period is less to be accrues:
death: cessation of cessation of limitation ultimate than 3 years than 3 years disabled or Action
s 30(1). See disability or disability or period is period of then it is that then it is that died: s 16. cannot be
[5.10.2030]. death: death: 3 years: 30 years: lesser period: lesser period: Subject to an commenced
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

s 52(1). s 36(1). s 29(1), s 45(3). See s 26(1). s 23(1). ultimate if P has

Subject to Subject to (2)(c). [5.10.2030]. Actions to Actions to period of reached 21
general ultimate Actions to recover land recover land 30 years: (unless longer
ultimate period of recover land are subject to are subject to s 18. See limitation
period of 30 years: are subject to an ultimate an ultimate [5.10.2020]. period
30 years: s 36(4). See an ultimate period of period of 30 applies):
s 51. See [5.10.2030]. period of 30 30 years: years: s 31. See
[5.10.2030]. years: s 26(4). See s 23(1)(c). [5.10.2040].
s 29(2)(b). [5.10.2020]. See
See [5.10.2020].
[5.10.2020].

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Effect of P is under 18
disability when action

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

(other than accrues:
specific If P is
provisions without
set out guardian any
below) – time between
continued accrual and
reaching age
18, time
when P is
without
guardian
does not
count in

1 - 46
reckoning of
limitation
period.
Action
cannot be
commenced
if P has
reached 21,
or any longer
limitation
period
applicable
has expired:
s 32.
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Effect of Court can

disability extend

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

(other than limitation
specific period up to
provisions when P
set out reaches 21:
below) – s 41. See
continued [5.10.2040].
Mental
disability:
If P is
suffering
mental
disability and
is without

1 - 47
guardian any
time after
accrual, time
during which
P is without
guardian
does not
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

count in
reckoning of
limitation
period:
s 35(1).
Action
cannot be
commenced
more than
12 years
after accrual:
s 35(2).

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Effect of Court can

disability extend

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

(other than limitation
specific period up to
provisions 12 years:
set out s 42. See
below) – [5.10.2040].
continued None of
these
provisions
apply in
defamation
actions:
ss 34,
37, 38(4),

1 - 48
42(4). See
[5.10.2040].

Special Child or Limitation No No provision. Child or Disability Limitation No provision. No provision.

provisions someone period is not provision. someone does not period is not
applicable acting on suspended acting on operate to suspended
in personal child’s behalf while person child’s behalf extend where person
injury cases must give D under must give D limitation under legal
(see above notice of disability has notice of period unless incapacity is
for ordinary intended capable intended proved that in custody of
personal action within parent or action within person under capable
injury relevant guardian or relevant disability not parent or
limitation period: is protected period: in custody of guardian, or
periods) s 30A. See person: s 45A(1)(b). parent: is represented
[5.10.2060]. s 50F. See See s 26(6). See person: s 27J.
[5.10.2090]. [5.10.2060]. [5.10.2100]. See
[5.10.2120].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Special On or after Where P is a No No No On or after Where P Action for No

limitation 9/9/2003: minor, and provisions. provisions. provisions. 1/1/2005: under personal provisions.

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

periods Action by action is Where P is a disability at injury
applicable child relating against minor under date of act or relating to
in personal to provision parent or disability, omission: childbirth:
injury cases of health guardian, or and parent is 6 years from 6 years from
involving service: close intended D date of 15/11/2005,
disability 6 years from associate of or in close discoverabil- unless
(see above date of parent or relationship ity or limitation
for ordinary accident guardian: with intended 12 years period that
personal giving rise to Date of D: 3 years from act or would
injury injury, unless discoverabil- from when P omission, otherwise
limitation injury is or ity is when P turns 25: whichever have applied
periods) includes turns 25, or s 26(7). See expires first: has expired:
disease or when cause [5.10.2100]. s 27E. See Limitation

1 - 49
disorder, in of action [5.10.2110]. Act 2005
which case actually Where P is a (WA), s 7.
limitation discoverable minor, and Limitation
period is by P, action is
6 years from whichever is against period can be
date of later. parent or extended
discoverabil- 12-year guardian or under
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

ity, or long-stop close provisions in

12 years from period runs associate of Limitation
date of from when P parent or Act 2005:
accident turns 25: guardian: s 7(3). See
giving rise to s 50E. See Date of [5.10.2130].
injury, [5.10.2090]. discoverability
whichever is when P
ends first: turns 25, or
s 30B. See when cause
[5.10.2070]. of action
actually
discoverable
by P,
whichever is
later.

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Special Court may 12-year

limitation extend long-stop

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

periods limitation period runs
applicable period if from when P
in personal failure to turns 25:
injury cases bring action s 27I. See
involving due to [5.10.2110].
disability irrational
(see above decision by
for ordinary parent or
personal guardian:
injury s 62D. See
limitation [5.10.2080].
periods) –
continued

1 - 50
EFFECT OF ACKNOWLEDGMENT OR PART PAYMENT: [5.10.2150] – [5.10.2230]

Effect of Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation
acknowledg- period starts period starts period starts period starts period starts period starts period starts period starts period starts
ment or running running running running running running running running running
part afresh from afresh from afresh from afresh from afresh from afresh from afresh from afresh from afresh from
payment date of date of date of date of date of date of date of date of date of
(also known confirmation: confirmation: confirmation: acknowledg- acknowledg- acknowledg- acknowledg- acknowledg- confirmation:
as s 32(1). See s 54(1). See s 41(1). See ment or part ment or part ment or part ment or part ment or part s 47. See
confirma- [5.10.2160]. [5.10.2160]. [5.10.2160]. payment. See payment. See payment. See payment. See payment. See [5.10.2160].
tion) [5.10.2150]. [5.10.2150]. [5.10.2150]. [5.10.2150]. [5.10.2150].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Causes of All causes of All causes of All causes of Land and Land and Land and Land and Land and All causes of
action to action: action: action: foreclosure foreclosure foreclosure foreclosure foreclosure action: s 47.

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

which rules s 32(1). See s 54(1). See s 41(1). See actions; actions; some actions; actions; actions; some See
apply [5.10.2160]. [5.10.2160]. [5.10.2160]. actions to actions to actions to actions to actions to [5.10.2160].
redeem a recover debts redeem a redeem a recover debts
mortgage; and legacies. mortgage; mortgage; or legacies.
actions to Provisions on actions to actions to Provisions on
recover debts actions to recover debts recover debts actions to
and legacies: redeem a and legacies: and legacies: redeem a
s 35. See mortgage, s 29. See s 24. See mortgage,
[5.10.2170] – and other [5.10.2170] – [5.10.2170] – and other
[5.10.2190]. actions to [5.10.2190]. [5.10.2190]. actions to
recover debts recover debts
or legacies, or legacies,
are confined are confined

1 - 51
to to
acknowledg- acknowledg-
ment. See ment. See
[5.10.2170] – [5.10.2170] –
[5.10.2190]. [5.10.2190].
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

FRAUD AND MISTAKE: [5.10.2240] – [5.10.2260]

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

Fraud Action based Action based Action based Action based Concealed Action based Action based Concealed Failure to
on fraud, or on fraud, or on fraud, or on fraud, or fraud: Right on fraud, or on fraud, or fraud: Right commence
relevant fact cause of cause of right of to bring right of right of to bring action
or identity of action or action or action equitable action action equitable attributable
defendant identity of identity of concealed by proceedings concealed by concealed by proceedings to fraudulent
deliberately defendant defendant fraud: for recovery fraud: fraud: for recovery or other
concealed: concealed by concealed by Limitation of land or Limitation Limitation of land or improper
Time before fraud: Time fraud: Time period does rent accrues period does period does rent accrues conduct:
P discovers before P before P not when fraud not not when fraud Court can
fraud, or discovers discovers commence was or with commence commence was or with extend
could with fraud, or fraud, or until P has reasonable until P has until P has reasonable limitation
reasonable could with could with discovered diligence discovered discovered diligence period up to
diligence reasonable reasonable fraud or could have fraud or fraud or could have 3 years from

1 - 52
have diligence diligence could with been could with could with been when action
discovered it, have have reasonable discovered: reasonable reasonable discovered: ought
does not discovered it, discovered it, diligence s 25. See diligence diligence s 27. See reasonably to
count in does not does not have [5.10.2240]. have have [5.10.2240]. have been
reckoning of count in count in discovered it: discovered it: discovered it: commenced:
limitation reckoning of reckoning of s 38(1). See s 32(1). See s 27. See s 38. See
period: limitation limitation [5.10.2240]. [5.10.2240]. [5.10.2240]. [5.10.2250].
s 33(1). See period: period:
[5.10.2240]. s 55(1). See s 42(1). See
[5.10.2240]. [5.10.2240].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Action for Time before Time before Time before Limitation No provision. Limitation Limitation No provision. No provision.
relief from P discovers P discovers P discovers period does See period does period does See See

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

conse- mistake, or mistake, or mistake, or not [5.10.2260]. not not [5.10.2260]. [5.10.2260].
quences of could with could with could with commence commence commence
mistake reasonable reasonable reasonable until P has until P has until P has
diligence diligence diligence discovered discovered discovered
have have have mistake or mistake or mistake or
discovered it, discovered it, discovered it, could with could with could with
does not does not does not reasonable reasonable reasonable
count in count in count in diligence diligence diligence
reckoning of reckoning of reckoning of have have have
limitation limitation limitation discovered it: discovered it: discovered it:
period: period: period: s 38(1). See s 32(1). See s 27. See
s 34(1). See s 56(1). See s 43(1). See [5.10.2260]. [5.10.2260]. [5.10.2260].
[5.10.2260]. [5.10.2260]. [5.10.2260].

1 - 53
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

GENERAL

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

General No No Any period, No Any period, No No No Where court
extension provisions. provisions. if material provisions. if material provisions. provisions. provisions. satisfied that
provisions facts not facts not failure to
ascertained ascertained commence
until until action
12 months 12 months attributable
before end before end of to fraudulent
of limitation limitation or other
period, or period, or improper
failure to sue failure to sue conduct, can
due to due to extend time
representa- representa- in which
tions and tions and action can be

1 - 54
conduct of conduct of commenced
D, and just D, and just for up to
to grant to grant 3 years from
extension: extension: when action
s 44. See s 48. See ought
[5.10.960], [5.10.960], reasonably to
[5.10.1230]. [5.10.1230]. have been
commenced:
s 38. See
[5.10.2250].
©
Cause of Australian New South Northern Queensland South Tasmania Victoria Western Western
action Capital Wales Territory Australia Australia Australia
Territory (before (on or after
15/11/2005) 15/11/2005)

Limitation Limitation Limitation Limitation of Limitation of Limitation Limitation of Limitation Limitation

Act 1985 Act 1969 Act 1981 Actions Act Actions Act Act 1974 Actions Act Act 1935 Act 2005
1974 1936 1958

Ultimate No provision. 30 years No No provision. No provision. No provision. No provision. No provision. No provision.

bar See from date provision. See See See See See See

2012 THOMSON REUTERS

[5.10.2000]. limitation See [5.10.2000]. [5.10.2000]. [5.10.2000]. [5.10.2000]. [5.10.2000]. [5.10.2000].
period runs [5.10.2000].
(in all cases
except
wrongful
death or
personal
injury where
the court has
extended the
limitation
period):
s 51(1). See

1 - 55
[5.10.2000].
TABLE OF LIMITATION OF ACTIONS

session: 3 March 26, 2012 page no: 56 folio no: 56

@syd-tlrapp-p19/syd-tlrapp-p191/CLS_law/GRP_aleg/JOB_update1/DIV_1

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