Assignment - 01

Course - Calculus
Name – Sadeba Shaheen
Id - 232033038

Chapter - 3.1
15. x3y3 – 4 = 0
𝑑 𝑑
Or, {𝑥 3 (𝑦 3 ) + 𝑦 3 (𝑥 3 )} = 0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦
Or, x3.3y2. + y3.3.x2 = 0
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑦 3 .3𝑥 2
Or, =-
𝑑𝑥 𝑥 3 3𝑦 2

𝑑𝑦 𝑦
⇒ =-
𝑑𝑥 𝑥
𝑑2𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑦
⇒ = (− 𝑥 )
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
𝑥 (𝑦)−𝑦 (𝑥)
={ 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
}
𝑥2

𝑑
𝑥 −𝑦
= -{ 𝑑𝑥
2
}
𝑥
𝑦
𝑥 (− )−𝑦
= −{ 𝑥
}
𝑥2

−𝑦−𝑦
=-( )
𝑥2
−2𝑦
=-( )
𝑥2
2𝑦
= (𝑨𝒏𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓. )
𝑥2
18. xcos 𝑦 = y
Differentiating w.r. to x we get…..
𝑑 𝑑𝑦
(𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑦) =
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 𝑑 𝑑𝑦
⇒ {𝑥. (𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑦) + 𝑐𝑜 𝑠 𝑦 (𝑥) } =
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
⇒ x. (-sin y) + cos y =
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
⇒ -xsin y) - = - cosy
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

⇒ ( −𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 − 1) = −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦
𝑑𝑦 −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦
⇒ =
𝑑𝑥 ( −𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 − 1)
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦
=
( 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 + 1)
Differentiating w.r. to x we get…..
𝑑 𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦
( )= ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 + 1
𝑑 𝑑
𝑑2𝑦 (𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 + 1) (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦) − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 (𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 + 1)
⇒ 2= 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 + 1)2
𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑑
(𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 + 1)(−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦) − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦 {𝑥 (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦) + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 (𝑥)}
= 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
(𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 + 1)2
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦
− {(𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 + 1)(𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦) } − 𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑦 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦. 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
=
(𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 + 1)2
𝑑𝑦
(𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑦+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦+𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑦) − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦.𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦
= −[ (𝑥
𝑑𝑥
2 ]
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦+1)

𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦
{𝑥(𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑦+𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑦)+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦} − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦.𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦
𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦+1
= −[ (𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦+1)2
]
 (𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦)𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦.𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦(𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦+1)
= −[ (𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦+1)3
]

𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦−𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦
=− [ (𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦+1)3
]

𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦−𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑦𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦
=− [ (𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦+1)3
]

𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦(1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑦)
=−
(𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 + 1)3
𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑦. 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑦
=−
(𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 + 1)3
𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠 3 𝑦
=−
(𝑥 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 + 1)3
(𝑨𝒏𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓. )
20. Given equation is
𝑦 2 − 𝑥 + 1 = 0………………..(i)
First way :-
Solving equn (i) for y we get,
𝑦2 = 𝑥 − 1

⇒ 𝑦 = √𝑥 − 1 … … … … … . . (𝑖𝑖)
Differentiating (ii) w.r. to x we get…..
𝑑𝑦 𝑑
= (√𝑥 − 1)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
1 𝑑
= .
(√𝑥 − 1)
2√𝑥 − 1 𝑑𝑥
1
=
2 √𝑥 − 1
1
=
2𝑦

Second way :-
The slope of the tangent line to the curve at (10,3) and (10,-3) is
𝑑𝑦 1
=
𝑑𝑥 |(10,3)| 2.3
1
=
6

At (10, -3)
𝑑𝑦 1
=
𝑑𝑥 |(10,−3)| 2. −3
1
=
6

Differentiating equn (i) w.r. to x we get…..

At (10, -3)
𝑑𝑦 1
=
𝑑𝑥 |(10,−3)| 2. −3
1
=
6

(𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟. )
31. Given that,
𝑎2 𝜔2 + 𝑏 2 𝜆2 = 1 … … … … … . . (𝑖)
Differentiating equn (i) w.r. to 𝜆 we get…..
𝑑 2 2 𝑑 2 2 𝑑
(𝑎 𝜔 ) + (𝑏 𝜆 ) = (1)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝜔
⇒ 𝑎2 2𝜔 + 𝑏 2 2𝜆 = 0
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝜔 −𝑏 2 . 2𝜆
⇒ = 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑎 2𝜔
𝑑𝜔 𝑏2𝜆
⇒ =− 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑎 𝜔
(𝑨𝒏𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓. )

𝑑
43. (2𝑦 3 𝑡 + 𝑡 3 𝑦) = 1
𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑 3 𝑑
⇒ (2𝑦 3 𝑡) + (𝑡 𝑦) = (1)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑡 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
⇒ 2 {𝑦 3 + 𝑡 (𝑦 3 )} + {𝑡 3 (𝑦) + 𝑦 (𝑡 3 )} = 0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑡
⇒ 2 {𝑦 3 + 𝑡. 3𝑦 2 } + {𝑡 3 + 𝑦. (3𝑡 2 ) } = 0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑡
⇒ 2𝑦 3 + 6𝑦 2 𝑡 + 𝑡3 + 3𝑡 2 𝑦 =0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑦
⇒ (2𝑦 3 + 3𝑡 2 𝑦) + (6𝑦 2 𝑡 + 𝑡 3 ) = 0
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
1 𝑑𝑦
⇒ (2𝑦 3 + 3𝑡 2 𝑦) + (6𝑦 2 𝑡 + 𝑡 3 ) = 0
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑦 2 3
(2𝑦 3 + 3𝑡 2 𝑦)
⇒ (6𝑦 𝑡 + 𝑡 ) =
𝑑𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡
𝑑𝑦 (2𝑦 3 + 3𝑡 2 𝑦)
⇒ =
𝑑𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑡(6𝑦 2 𝑡 + 𝑡 3 )
(𝑨𝒏𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓. )
 Chapter - 3.2
16. 𝑦 = 𝑥 [log 2 (𝑥 2 − 2𝑥)]3
𝑑𝑦 𝑑 3
⇒ = [𝑥 log2 (𝑥2 − 2𝑥)]
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑 3 𝑑
=𝑥
𝑑𝑥
log2 (𝑥2 − 2𝑥) + log 2 (𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 ) (𝑥)
𝑑𝑥
2 𝑑 3
= 𝑥. 3 log2 (𝑥2 − 2𝑥) . log2(𝑥2 − 2𝑥)+log2 (𝑥2 − 2𝑥) . 1
𝑑𝑥
2 1 𝑑 3
= 3𝑥 log2 (𝑥2 − 2𝑥) . 2 . (𝑥2 − 2𝑥)+ log2 (𝑥2 − 2𝑥)
(𝑥 −2𝑥) ln 2 𝑑𝑥

2 1 3
= 3𝑥 log2 (𝑥2 − 2𝑥) . 2 . (2𝑥 − 2)+ log2 (𝑥2 − 2𝑥)
(𝑥 −2𝑥) ln 2
2
3𝑥 log2 (𝑥2 −2𝑥) (2𝑥−2) 3
= 2 + log2 (𝑥2 − 2𝑥)
(𝑥 −2𝑥) ln 2

(𝑨𝒏𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓. )
log 𝑥
18. y =
1+log 𝑥

𝑑𝑦 𝑑 log 𝑥
⇒ = ( )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 1 + log 𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
(1 + log 𝑥). (log 𝑥) − log 𝑥 . (1 + log 𝑥)
= 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
(1 + log 𝑥) 2
 1 1
(1 + log 𝑥). − log 𝑥 .
= 𝑥 ln 10 𝑥 ln 10
(1 + log 𝑥) 2

1 log 𝑥 log 𝑥
+ −
= 𝑥 ln 10 𝑥 ln 10 2 𝑥 ln 10
(1 + log 𝑥)
1
=
𝑥 ln 10 (1 + log 𝑥)2
(𝑨𝒏𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓. )
𝑑 cos 𝑥
29. [ln ]
𝑑𝑥 √4−3𝑥 2

𝑑
= [ln cos 𝑥 − ln √4 − 3𝑥 2 ]
𝑑𝑥
𝑑 1
= [ln cos 𝑥 − ln(4 − 3𝑥 2 )]
𝑑𝑥 2
𝑑 1 𝑑
= (ln cos 𝑥) − [ln(4 − 3𝑥 2 )]
𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥
1 𝑑 1 1 𝑑
= . (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥) − . 2
. (4 − 3𝑥 2 )
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑑𝑥 2 4 − 3𝑥 𝑑𝑥
−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 −6𝑥
= −
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 2(4 − 3𝑥 2 )
3𝑥
= −tan 𝑥 +
4 − 3𝑥 2
(𝑨𝒏𝒔𝒘𝒆𝒓. )