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Module-Aa-ST

The document discusses poverty as a lack of material possessions and money, emphasizing its definitions by the United Nations, World Bank, and Copenhagen Declaration. It categorizes poverty into absolute and relative types, explains the poverty line, and highlights economic and social aspects of poverty. Overall, it underscores the multifaceted nature of poverty, including deprivation of basic needs and the impact of inequality in society.

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Janelle Pamela Moreno
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4 views

Module-Aa-ST

The document discusses poverty as a lack of material possessions and money, emphasizing its definitions by the United Nations, World Bank, and Copenhagen Declaration. It categorizes poverty into absolute and relative types, explains the poverty line, and highlights economic and social aspects of poverty. Overall, it underscores the multifaceted nature of poverty, including deprivation of basic needs and the impact of inequality in society.

Uploaded by

Janelle Pamela Moreno
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Module Aa: SOCIAL SYSTEMS: POVERTY

Poverty – the state of one who lacks a certain amount of material possessions or money.

Measuring Poverty

 United Nations
o Poverty is a denial of choices and opportunities, a violation of human dignity.
 It means a lack of basic capacity to participate effectively in society, not having
enough to feed and clothe a family, not having a school or clinic to go to, not
having the land on which to grow one’s food or a job to earn one’s living, not
having access to credit.
 It means insecurity, powerlessness, and exclusion of individuals, households,
and communities.
 It means susceptibilitu to violence, and it often implies living in marginal or
fragile environments, without access to clean water or sanitation.
 World Bank
o Poverty is pronounced deprivation in well-being and comprises many dimensions.
 It includes low incomes and the inability to acquire the basic goods and services
necessary for survival with dignity.
 Poverty also encompasses low levels of health and education, poor access to
clean water and sanitation, inadequate physical security, lack of voice, and
insufficient capacity and opportunity to better one’s life.
 Copenhagen Declaration
o Absolute poverty is a condition characterized by severe deprivation of basic human
needs, including food, safe drinking water, sanitation facilities, health, shelter,
education, and information. it depends not only on income but also on access to social
services.

Types of Poverty

 Absolute Poverty
o The deprivation of basic human needs, which commonly include food, water, sanitation,
clothing, shelter, health care, and education
 Relative Poverty
o Defined contextually as economic inequality in the location or society in which people
live.
o It is the condition in which people lack the minimum amount of income needed to
maintain the average standard of living in the society in which they live.
o It is considered the easiest way to measure the level of poverty in an individual country.
Poverty Line

- Also called the poverty threshold, is the smallest amount of money a person or a family needs to
live on; to buy what is needed.

- People who are below this line are classified as poor. This line is used to decide who can get
extra help with things like food, shelter, or medical care. There is a poverty line based on income
and another based on consumption.

Per capita income or average income

- Measures the average income earned per person in a given area ( city, region, country, etc.) in a
specified year.
- It is calculated by dividing the area’s total income by its total population.

Other aspects of poverty

 Economic aspects
o Focuses on material needs, typically including the necessities of daily living, such as
food, clothing, shelter, or safe drinking water.
o Poverty in this sense may be understood as a condition in which a person or community
is lacking in the basic needs for a minimum standard of well-being and life, particulary as
a result of a persistent lack of income.
 Social aspects
o Links to conditions of scarcity to aspects of the distribution of resources and power in a
society and recognizes that poverty may be a function of the diminished “capability” of
people to live the kind of lives they value.
o This social aspect may include a lack of access to information, education, health care, or
political power.

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