Difference between Exceptall, Except, union, unionbyName, unionall

Explain Widgets

write a sql that takes input from widgets

write a Sql using when that takes asset id if its even given 0 else 1

Explain DLT query, Magic Commands, dbutils functions of file system, Read and Write modes of file
formats

What are the methods to write sql query in a dataframe?

How When condition is used

To remove duplicates from data , which commands is used?

Difference between count * and count 1

Explain window functions in pyspark, JOINS in Pyspark, Relative delta library in Python

Explain JDBC Connectivity, ACID Properties, DATABRICKS Lakehouse Architecture

Difference between Data Warehouse, Datalake, Deltalake

EXplain RDD & why it is used in fault tolernace?

Explain Schema Enforcement, SCD Type 1, SCD Type 2, Incremental Loading, Vacuum
Command(Practical use)

Differnce between JDBC and ODBC , dbutils.notebook.run and %run

Explain Indexing, Memory levels while doing Persist

Explain about DAG and Lineage in Pyspark , Cluster Configurations, Tokens (Access key, SAS key,
Service principal) , Spark Architecture

Explain about Delta Table and its advantages, ADF (IR, Data Flow, Activity)

Explain about Mounting & how it works, Explain about Lazy Evaluation (Transformation, Action) ,
Explain about .lpad , .rpad , .ljust , .center

What is Azure Data Factory, and how does it work?

What are the different components of ADF?

What is the difference between Copy Activity and Data Flow?

How does linked services, datasets, and pipelines interact in ADF?

How do you implement incremental data load in ADF?

What is the use of the Get Metadata activity?

How can you handle schema drift in ADF?

What are the different transformation activities in Mapping Data Flow?

How do you optimize pipeline performance in ADF?

What is Self-hosted Integration Runtime (SHIR), and when do you use it?

How do you manage fault tolerance and retries in ADF?

What authentication methods are available in ADF?

How do you manage secrets and credentials securely?

What are the different pipeline deployment strategies?

How would you delete files smaller than 1KB in ADF?

How do you move data from SFTP to ADLS and then process it using Databricks?

How do you trigger pipelines dynamically based on file availability?

Explain about Delta Corruption , Parquet Corruption, Cursor , Recursive Stored Procedure

Explain about External Tables and their creation, Data Partition Pruning, Z order , Broad cast join

Difference between Tablock vs Nolock , Cast vs Convert , Star vs Snowflake Schema

What is ltrim rtrim trim

AQE (Adaptive Query Execution)

SQL

What is SQL?

What is the difference

between DELETE and
TRUNCATE in SQL?

What is the purpose of the

SELECT statement?

What is a PRIMARY KEY in

SQL?

What is a FOREIGN KEY in

SQL?

What is the difference

between WHERE and
HAVING clauses?

What are INNER JOIN and

OUTER JOIN in SQL?

What is the DISTINCT

keyword used for in SQL?

What is the GROUP BY clause

used for in SQL?

What does the ORDER BY

clause do?

What is a NULL value in SQL?

What is the difference

between BETWEEN and IN in
SQL?

What are aggregate functions

in SQL? Name a few
examples.

What is the purpose of the

UPDATE statement in SQL?

What is the ALTER statement

used for in SQL?
What is the INSERT INTO
statement used for in SQL?

What is a subquery in SQL?

What is the LIKE operator

used for in SQL?

What is the difference

between UNION and UNION
ALL in SQL

What is the LIMIT clause

used for in SQL?

ADF

Azure Data Factory (ADF) is a cloud-based data integration service

provided by Microsoft Azure. It allows you to create, schedule, and
What is Azure Data Factory orchestrate data workflows across various data sources and
(ADF)? destinations. ADF is primarily used for Extract, Transform, Load (ETL)
and Extract, Load, Transform (ELT) processes, enabling the
movement and transformation of data at scale.

What are the main The main components of ADF are Pipelines, Activities, Datasets,
components of Azure Data Linked Services, Integration Runtime, Triggers, Data Flows, and
Factory? Monitoring & Management.

What is an Azure Data An ADF pipeline is a collection of activities that perform data
Factory pipeline? movement and transformation tasks in a structured manner.

A Pipeline in Azure Data Factory is a container for orchestrating

workflows, managing control flow, and executing activities like data
What is the difference movement, transformation, and external service calls. It defines the
between a Pipeline and a sequence and dependencies of tasks. A Data Flow is a data
Data Flow in Azure Data transformation component within a pipeline, providing a visual,
Factory? code-free way to perform operations like joins, aggregations, and
lookups on large datasets using Spark-based execution. While
pipelines control execution, data flows handle transformations.

In Azure Data Factory (ADF), a dataset is a named reference to the

What are datasets in Azure data that you want to use in your pipeline activities. It defines the
Data Factory? structure and location of your data, such as tables, files, or objects in
various storage systems.

What are linked services in

Azure Data Factory?
What is a Copy Activity in
Azure Data Factory?

What are the different types

of triggers available in Azure
Data Factory?

What is the difference

between Debug and Trigger
in ADF?

What is an Activity in Azure

Data Factory?

What is a Lookup Activity in

Azure Data Factory?

What is an Execute Pipeline

Activity in ADF?

What is a Data Flow in Azure

Data Factory?

What are Expressions in

1. Output of any activity is used in another activity 2. For using
Azure Data Factory and how
parameters inside the acitivities
are they used?

How does Azure Data Factory

handle scheduling of
pipelines?

What is Monitoring in Azure

Data Factory?

How do you secure access to

Azure Data Factory using
Managed Identity?

What are the different types

of data movement in Azure
Data Factory?

What is the Mapping Data

Flow in ADF?

How can you integrate Azure

Data Factory with other
Azure services like Azure
Databricks, Azure SQL
Database, and Azure Blob
Storage?

Power Apps

Power Apps is a low-code/no-code application development platform

by Microsoft that allows users to build custom business applications
quickly. It enables users to create apps that connect to various data
sources, including SharePoint, SQL Server, Dataverse (formerly CDS),
and third-party services like Salesforce.
What is Power Apps?
Example1: A company uses Power Apps to build an expense
reporting app where employees can submit expenses, and managers
can approve or reject them.
Example 2: We have a created a app which takes certain inputs to
devlop a sql query, run it on sql server and return output

There are three main types of Power Apps:

Canvas Apps – Fully customizable UI where users design screens and
workflows manually.
Model-driven Apps – Data-driven apps based on Dataverse, where
forms, dashboards, and business logic are automatically generated.
What are the different types Power Apps Portals – External-facing websites that allow users
of apps you can create in outside an organization to interact with data securely.
Power Apps? :small_blue_diamond: Example:
Canvas App → A mobile app for field workers to record inspections.
Model-driven App → A customer relationship management (CRM)
system.
Power Apps Portal → A customer support website where users
submit tickets.

FeatureCanvas AppsModel-driven AppsCustomizationHighly

What is the difference
customizable UIAuto-generated UI based on dataData SourceCan use
between Canvas Apps and
multiple sources like SharePoint, SQLRequires Dataverse (CDS)Best
Model-driven Apps in Power
ForSimple apps, mobile experiencesComplex, data-heavy
Apps?
applicationsExampleExpense tracking appSales management system

Controls are UI elements used to design an app interface.

Types of Controls:
TextInput – Captures user input.
Button – Triggers an action (e.g., submit a form).
What are controls in Power
Gallery – Displays lists or collections of data.
Apps?
Dropdown – Provides selection options.
Toggle – Used for Boolean inputs (Yes/No).
:small_blue_diamond: Example: A Submit button in an employee
leave request app.

What are formulas in Power Formulas in Power Apps define logic using functions similar to Excel
Apps? How are they different but are designed for app interactivity.
 :small_blue_diamond: Example:
Excel: =SUM(A1:A5)
Power Apps: Sum(CollectionName, AmountColumn)
Key Differences:
from Excel formulas? Power Apps formulas are event-driven (e.g., triggered by a button
click).
Work with data sources and collections rather than spreadsheet
cells.
Includes functions like Patch(), Filter(), Navigate(), etc.

CDS, now called Dataverse, is a secure cloud-based storage system

What is the Common Data that allows Power Apps to store, manage, and share business data
Service (CDS), and how does across applications.
it relate to Power Apps? :small_blue_diamond: Example: A customer service app using
Dataverse to store customer complaints and track resolutions.

Connectors allow Power Apps to integrate with external data sources

like SharePoint, SQL Server, Outlook, and third-party apps.
Types of Connectors:
What are connectors in Standard Connectors (e.g., SharePoint, OneDrive, Excel)
Power Apps? Premium Connectors (e.g., SQL Server, Salesforce, Dataverse)
Custom Connectors (API-based integration with third-party services)
:small_blue_diamond: Example: Using the SharePoint connector to
retrieve a list of employees.

Power Apps Studio is a web-based IDE where users design and build
Power Apps.
Key Features:
What is the role of Power Drag-and-drop UI design.
Apps Studio? Formula bar for adding logic.
Preview and test apps.
:small_blue_diamond: Example: A business user designing an
inventory tracking app.

Forms are used to capture, edit, and display data in Power Apps.
What is the purpose of
:small_blue_diamond: Example: A job application form where
Power Apps Forms?
candidates enter details and submit them to a SharePoint list.

A Gallery control displays a list of records from a data source.

How can you create a gallery
:small_blue_diamond: Example:Gallery.Items = Filter(Employees,
in Power Apps?
Department="IT")

What are variables in Power Variables store temporary values for calculations or logic.
Apps? Types of Variables:
Global (Set()) – Available across screens.
Context (UpdateContext()) – Limited to a single screen.
Collections (ClearCollect()) – Stores lists or tables.
:small_blue_diamond: Example: Storing a username in a
 variableSet(CurrentUser, User().FullName)

Use the SharePoint connector to access lists and libraries.

Bind a Gallery to display SharePoint list data.
How do you integrate Power
Use Forms to submit data.
Apps with SharePoint?
:small_blue_diamond: Example: A helpdesk ticketing system where
users submit tickets to a SharePoint list.

What are the key differences FeaturePower AppsPower AutomatePurposeBuild appsAutomate

between Power Apps and workflowsTrigger TypeUser actionsEvent-basedExampleExpense
Power Automate? tracking appSend approval email when an expense is submitted

Power Apps uses Microsoft Entra ID (formerly Azure AD) for

authentication. Permissions are managed through:
How does security and
Role-based security (RBAC)
authentication work in Power
SharePoint permissions
Apps?
Dataverse security roles
:small_blue_diamond: Example: Restricting an app to only HR users.

Collections store temporary table-like data in an app.

What are Collections in
:small_blue_diamond: Example: Storing a list of products
Power Apps, and how are
ClearCollect(ProductList, {ID:1, Name:"Laptop"}, {ID:2,
they used?
Name:"Mouse"})

Power Apps Portals → External users can access apps via a web
What is Power Apps Portals, browser.
and how is it different from Canvas Apps → Designed for internal users within Microsoft 365.
Canvas Apps? :small_blue_diamond: Example: A customer support portal where
users check order statuses.

How do you publish an app in Click File → Save → Publish to share the app.
Power Apps? Assign permissions for users.

What are the types of user Maker – Creates apps.

roles available in Power User – Uses published apps.
Apps? Admin – Manages permissions and environments.

Use APIs (REST, SOAP) to integrate with external services.

How do you implement
Define authentication and actions.
custom connectors in Power
:small_blue_diamond: Example: Connecting to a third-party CRM
Apps?
API.

Power BI: Embed reports using PowerBIIntegration.

How do you integrate Power
Apps with other Microsoft Dynamics 365: Use Dataverse for seamless data exchange.
services like Power BI or
Dynamics 365? 🔹 Example: A sales dashboard pulling data from Dynamics 365 into
Power BI.