Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of

Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal

Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)
Bara District, Province 2

Submitted to:
Government of Nepal
Ministry of Forests and Environment (MoFE)
Singhadurbar, Kathmandu
Through
Ministry of Urban Development (MoUD)
Singhadurbar, Kathmandu and Department of Urban Development and Building Construction,
Singhadurbar, Kathmandu

Submitted by: Prepared by:

Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. SCEC Pvt. Ltd. JV NRAC
Shree Bal Sadan Anamnagar, Kathmandu, Nepal
Gha 2-513, Kantipath, Kathmandu, Nepal Tel: 977-9841428732
Phone : 01-4248280 Email: [email protected]

December 2020
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

sfo{sf/L ;f/f+z
k|:tfjs / k/fdz{bftfsf] ljj/0f
k|:tfljt cfof]hgfsf] k|:tfjs ;'o{ g]kfn k|f=ln=/x]sf] 5 .

k|:tfjsf] gfd / 7]ufgf

;'o{ g]kfn k|f=ln=
l;d/f, af/f lhNnf, g]kfn
kmf]g g M )%#–%@)!&%
ˆofS;M %@))#$

k|:tfljt cfof]hfgfsf] jftfj/0fLo k|efJf d"NofÍg cWoog k|ltj]bg SCEC k|f= ln= h]= le= g]kfn ?n/ P08
P8\efG;d]G6 sld6L k|f= ln= (NRAC), cgfdgu/, sf7df8f}nF ] tof/ kf/]sf] xf] .

k/fdz{bftfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf

SCEC h]= le= g]kfn ?n/ P08 P8\efG;d]G6 sld6L k|f= ln= (NRAC), cgfdgu/, sf7df8f}F
kmf]g g+=M (*$!$@*&#@
Od]nM [email protected]
cfof]hgfsf] kl/ro
k|:tfljt cfof]hgf lhtk'/, l;d/f pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf] j8f g+= @ df kb{5 . ;'o{ g]kfn k|f=ln= sDklgn] cfˆgf
k|aGwsx?, sd{rf/Lx? / pgsf kl/jf/x?sf] ;Dk"0f{ ;]jf ;'ljwfo'Qm cfjf;Lo ejg lgdf{0f ug{ nflu /x]sf] 5 .
k|:tfljt cfof]hgfn] s/La !!*^^=)^@ ju{ ld= If]qkmn cf]u6\g] 5 . o; :yndf sDkgLn] @% j6f ckf6{d]G6x?
agfpg] sDklgsf] nIo /x]sf] 5 .

p2]Zo
o; cWoogsf] d'Vo p2]Zo k|:tfljt cfof]hgfsf] sfof{Gjogaf6 cfof]hgf If]qsf] ef}lts h}ljs, ;fdflhs, cfly{s
tyf ;f+:s[lts jftfj/0fdf kg{ ;Sg] ;sf/fTds tyf gsf/fTds k|efjx?sf] cWoog u/L ;sf/fTds k|efjx?sf]
a9f]Q/L tyf gsf/fTds k|efjnfO{ Go"lgs/0f ug]{ pkfox? klxNofpg' xf] .
sfo{ljlw
jftfj/0f ;+/If0f lgodfjnL @)&& sf] cg';"rL # sf] v08 ङ -!_ cfjf; ejg tyf zx/L ljsf; If]q cGtu{t o;
cfof]hgfsf] jftfj/0fLo k|efj d"NofÍg cWoog ug'{ kg]{ ePsf] xf] . cg';f/ tyf o;} k|:tfjsf] sfo{;"rL (TOR) df
pNn]v ul/P cg';f/ tof/ kfl/Psf] xf] . o;sf nflu ;fGble{s u|Gyx?sf] k'g/fjnf]sg, cfof]hgf :ynsf] e|d0f /
ef}lts, h}ljs, ;fdflhs– cfly{s jftfj/0fsf] cfwf/e"t tYofÍsf] ;+sng, k|efjx?sf] klxrfg, cf+sng / k|If]k0f,
k|efjx?n] kfg]{ k|ToIf / ck|ToIf lgwf{/0f cflb sfo{ ;DkGg ul/of] . cWoog 6f]nLåf/f ;fd"lxs ?kdf :ynut
;j]{If0f, cfjZos ;'rgfx? ;+sng / :yflgo ;d'bfo / ;/f]sf/jfnfx?;Fu ;d'xut 5nkmn, k/fdz{ ug]{ sfo{
;d]t ul/of] .

gLlt, lgod, P]g, sfg'g, lgb]{lzsfsf] ;ldIff

k|:tfljt cfof]hgf ;DaGwL cfslif{t x'g] P]g, gLlt, lgod, sfg'g, lgb]{lzsf cflbsf] ;ldIff of] b:tfj]hdf ul/Psf]
5 . d'Vo ?kdf g]kfnsf ;+ljwfg, jftfj/0f ;+/If0f P]g @)&^, jftfj/0f ;+/If0f lgodfjnL @)%&, @)&& :yflgo
;/sf/ ;+rfng P]g @)&$, kGwf}F of]hgf, efjg P]g @)%%, kmf]xf]/d}nf Joj:yfkg P]g @)^*, >d P]g @)&$
k|d'v /x]sf 5g\ .

i
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

ljBdfg jftfj/0fLo cj:yf

k|:tfljt cfof]hgf ;dy/ :yndf / cf};t ;d'Gb| ;txaf6 sl/a (^ ld= prfO{df kb{5 . pQm If]qsf] hnjfo'
pi0f cyf{t jiff{df Gofgf] / hf8f]df lr;f] /x]sf] 5 . cfof]hgf If]qsf] jflif{s ;/b/ dg;'g jiff{ @!^) ld=ld /x]sf]
5 eg] jflif{s ;/b/ tfkqmd !()C /x]sf] 5 .

cfof]hgf :ynsf] hUuf sDkgLsf] cfˆg} :jfldTjdf /x]sf] vfnL hUuf xf] . ;f]lx :yfgdf k|:tfljt ckf6{d]G6sf]
ejg lgdf{0f ug]{ of]hgf 5 . cfof]hgfsf] jl/kl/sf / 6f9fsf]] e"–pkof]lutfnfO{ x]bf{ 3fF;] hldg /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .
d'Vo hgfj/x?df afFb/ /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5. To:t} u/L r/fx?df eFu]/f, k/]jf, sfu oxfF kfOg] d'Vo k|hflt x'g\ . oxfF
;k{ klg kfO{G5.

k|:tfljt cfof]hgf kg]{ af/f lhNnfdf s'n hg;+Vof ^*&&)* /x]sf] 5 . pQm lhNnfdf !)*^#% 3/w"/L /x]sf] 5 .
h;sf] cf};t kl/jf/ ;+Vof ^=##Ü /x]sf] 5 . af/f lhNnfdf d';ndfg hflt ;a}eGbf al9 !#=!Ü, ofbj !)=%Ü /
yf? !)=%Ü /x]sf] 5 .

k|:tfljt cfof]hgf k|b]z g+= @ sf] lhtk'/, l;d/f pkdxfgu/kflnsfdf kb{5 . of] pkdxfgu/kflnsfn] #)(=& ju{
ls=ld If]qkmn cf]u6]sf] 5 / oxfFsf] hg;+Vof !!$!*% /x]sf] 5 . of] pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf] hg;+Vof a[l4b/ @=@%Ü
k|lt jif{ /x]sf] 5 . of] p=k=g=kf=df ljleGg k|sf/sf pBf]ux? /x]sf 5g\ / yk pBf]ux? :yfkgf x'g] qmddf ;d]t
/x]sf 5g\ . of] p=k=g=kf=df sl/a !% 6g kmf]xf]/ k|lt lbg lj;h{g ug'{ kg]{ tYofÍn] b]vfpFb5 . cf}Bf]lus If]qaf6
sl/a )=# 6g k|lt lbg kmf]xf]/ lg:sG5g\ h;sf] plrt Joj:yfkgsf] cfjZostf kb{5 .

cfof]hgf lgdf{0faf6 kg]{ k|efjx?

k|:tfljt cfof]hgfaf6 kg]{ k|efjx?nfO{ lgdf{0f / ;+rfng u/L b'O{ r/0fdf ljefhg ul/Psf] 5 . pQm r/0fsf
k|efjx?nfO{ yk ;sf/fTds / gsf/fTds k|efjx?df jlu{s/0f ul/Psf] 5 .

;sf/fTds k|efjx?
k|:tfljt cfo]hgfaf6 tTsfn} x'g] nfedf :yflgo hg ;d'bfodf /f]huf/Lsf] >[hgf ub{5 . o;} ul/ :yfgLo ahf/
k|a{4g x'g'sf ;fy} :yflgo :t/df cfly{s ljsf;df 6]jf k'¥ofpg] b]lvG5 . ljleGg cfw'lgs ;'ljwfsf] ljsf;df
;d]t o;sf] of]ubfg /xg] b]lvG5 . cfof]hgf lgdf{0f r/0fdf sfdbf/, ld:qL cflbn] ljleGg lsl;dsf k|ljlwx?af/]
1fg xfl;n ub{5g\ .

gsf/fTds k|efjx?
kmf]xf]/d}nf Joj:yfkg, 6«flkms Joj:yfkg, hldg d'lg kfgLsf] clwstd vkt cflb h:tf k|efjx? cfof]hgf
sfof{Gjog x'g] qmddf b]lvg] gsf/fTds k|efjx? /x]sf] b]lvG5g\ . o:tf k|efjn] :yfgLo >f]t ;fwgdf k|ToIf
;/f]sf/ /fVg] b]lvG5 .

gsf/fTds k|efj Go"lgs/0fsf pkfox?M

gsf/fTds k|efjx? Go"lgs/0f ug]{ qmddf ljleGg pkfox? cjnDag ul/Psf] 5 . o;df kmf]xf]/ Joj:yfkg
;+oGqsf] ljsf;, 9n Joj:yfkg, cfsfz] kfgL e08f/0f, hldg leqsf] kfgLsf] nflu k|ljlwsf] ljsf; ug]{ h:tf 5g\
.

jftfj/0fLo Joj:yfkg of]hgf

o; k|ltj]bg jftfj/0fLo Joj:yfkg of]hgf cGtu{t cfof]hgfaf6 kg]{ ;Defljt c;/x?, c;/x?sf] k|efj,
Go"lgs/0f ljlw, cg'udg ljlw tyf sfo{ tflnsf k|:tfljt ul/Psf] 5 . o;sf ;fy} Go"lgs/0fsf pkfox?sf] tyf
cg'udg sfo{sf] sfof{Gjog ug]{ lhDd]jf/ lgsfox?sf] klg klxrfg ul/Psf] 5 . cg'udgsf nflu cfjZos ef}lts,
h}ljs, ;fdflhs, cfly{s tyf ;f+:s[lts jftfj/0fLo cg'udg O{sfOx?sf] klg klxrfg ul/Psf] 5 . jftfj/0fLo
Joj:yfkg of]hgf sfof{Gjog ug{ cfof]hgfsf] lgdf{0f ah]6df ;+nUg ul/Psf sfo{x? afx]s sl/a ?
$,)%),)))÷– k|If]k0f ul/Psf] 5 . ;fy} jftj/0fLo cg'udgsf] nflu ?= #,)),)))÷– cg'dfg ul/Psf] 5 .

lgZsif{
o; k|ltj]bgdf klxrfg ul/Psf k|foM jftfj/0fLo k|efjx? yf]/} If]qdf tyf d'Vo u/L lgdf{0f sfo{sf] ;dodf
l;ldt /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . k|ltj]bgn] ;sf/fTds k|efjx? gsf/fTds k|efjsf] t'ngfdf a9L dxTjk'0f{{ /x]sf] / nfdf]

ii
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

;do;Dd /xg] / gsf/fTds k|efjx? Go"lgs/0f ug{ ;lsg] s'/f b]vfpF5, ;fy} ;fj{hflgs 5nkmndf p7]sf
;fGb{les ;'emfjx?nfO{ ;d]6LPsf] 5 . . k|:tfljt cfof]hgfn] /f]huf/Lsf] >[hgf ug'{sf ;fy} :yflgo ;d'bfosf]
cfDbfgL j[l4 ug'{sf ;fy} cy{tGqsf] ljsf;df 6]jf k'¥ofpg] 5 . k|efjx?sf] Go"lgs/0f / ;+nUg jftfj/0fLo
cg'udg of]hgf sfof{Gjog u/L k|:tfljt cfof]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] nflu l;kmfl/; ul/G5 . of] k|:tfj :jLs[ltsf]
nflu k]; ul/Psf] 5.

iii
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Proponent and the Institution Preparing the EIA Report

The proponent of the proposed project is by Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. The details of name and address
of the proponent is as follows:

Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd.

Simara, Bara, Nepal
Phone: 053-520175
Fax: 520034

The Environment Impact Assessment of the project is prepared by SCEC Pvt. Ltd. JV Nepal Rural
And Advancement Committee Pvt. Ltd. (NRAC) for and on behalf of the proponent.

SCEC Pvt. Ltd. JV Nepal Rural And Advancement Committee Pvt. Ltd. (NRAC)
Anamnagar, Kathmandu, Nepal
Tel: 977-9841428732
Email: [email protected]

Project Description
The proposed project is located in Jitpur Simara Sub-Metropolitan city, Ward no. 2, of Bara district
in the Province no. 2. To provide basic housing facility to the new incumbents of managerial staff
and to their family the residential apartment has been envisaged. The proposed project covers
11866.062 sq. m area. The proposed Residential Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd
comprises construction of 25 apartments.

Objectives
The main objective of the EIA study is to identify both positive and negative impacts of proposed
project implemented on physical, chemical, biological, socio-economic and cultural environment of
the project area and propose augmentation measures for beneficial impacts and mitigation measures
for adverse impacts.

Methodology
As per EPR 2077 schedule 3, E. 1. Residents, buildings and urban development sector; this EIA
study has been carried out. This study is also based on approved ToR of same proposal. Relevant
literatures were reviewed and Zone of Influence of the Project was delineated. EIA Study team made
the field visit in April 2017 for field survey, collection of necessary information and focused group
discussion and public consultation with local people and concerned stakeholders.

Review of Plans/Policies, Legislations and Guidelines

The different Plans, Policies, Acts, Guidelines and Standards formulated by Government of Nepal
related to the implementation of the proposed project have been reviewed during the preparation of
the report. The EIA study should be consistent with a range of policies, acts, guidelines, rules and
standards of GoN and international commitments made in bilateral and multilateral
treaties/conventions. The major relevant legal documents to be considered during the EIA study are
constitution of Nepal, Fifteenth Plan, Environment Protection Act, 2076, EPR 2054 and EPR 2077,
Local Government Operation Act 2074, 14th Plan, Building Act 2055, Waste Management Act 2068
& Labour Act 2074.

iv
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Existing Environmental Condition

The project site is located at an elevation of about 96 m above sea level. Climatic condition of the
project is tropical type. The mean temperature is about 190C. The annual precipitation in the area is
observed to be 2160 mm.

The project area is located in open land without any vegetation and it is in the name of company
itself. The vegetation in the surrounding places is dominated by grasses (grass land). The major
animal found nearby the project is monkey. The major birds include Bhangera, Kag, Pareba while
some snakes are also reported nearby villages.

The total population of Bara District is 687708. The total household of the Bara district 108635 with
the average household size of 6.33 %. Several caste/ethnic groups were found in Bara district. The
majorities of the population in the project influence area belong to Musalman (13.1%), followed by
Yadav (10.5%) and Tharu (10.5%) respectively.

IMPACT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT ON THE ENVIRONMENT

Impact of implementation of the project is separate on two phases one is construction phase and
another is operation phase. Theses phases are further classified on beneficial impact and adverse
impact.

Beneficial Impacts from Project Implementation

The immediate beneficial impacts from project in the construction phase are generation of
employment opportunities for the local population, skill enhancement, etc. Other advantages are
increased cash flow in the project vicinity, boost in local economy, etc. The establishment of the
apartment will aid to increase the local markets in that area. Similarly, the facilities of
communication, transportation as well as electricity will be readily available. This will help to
develop the project area. The envisaged impact is high, site specific and long term.

Adverse Impacts of Implementation of the Proposal

Different adverse effects can be faced during the operation of the project. The impacts related to
solid waste management, occupational health and safety, traffic management etc. will be raised. The
extraction of ground water by deep boring will deplete the ground water table. Likewise, increase in
number of people in the project area due to migration will increase the pressure on the existing
resources and the infrastructures of the project area. Similarly, there will be chance of increasing
crime, theft and robbery in the project area.

Adverse Impact Mitigation Measures

A number of adverse impacts mitigation measures have been proposed to offset the environmental
impacts, and make the project environmentally friendly. Construction of solid waste management
system and drainage management system has been proposed to avoid the sewage from entering the
nearby water bodies. Likewise, rainwater harvesting and groundwater recharge techniques would be
prioritized as mitigation measure of groundwater depletion and water shortage.

Environmental Management Plan

Environmental Management Plan (EMP) has been proposed in the report with impacts identified,
possible effects and impacts, measures for their mitigation, monitoring method and schedule. In
addition, agencies responsible for executing environmental mitigation measures and monitoring have
been identified as a part of EMP. Different monitoring indicators on physical, biological, socio-
economic and cultural environment have also been identified. The tentative cost for implementation
of EMP is estimated at around as Rs 40500000. .

v
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Conclusion
In this report, the environmental impacts are limited to the construction period and for short time.
This report also reveals that the benefits from the implementation of the proposed project are more
significant and long term in nature against the adverse impacts most of which could be mitigated or
avoided. The implementation of proposed project is expected to bring a substantial set of beneficial
impacts like employment generation in local economy and enhancement of technical skills etc. This
project is recommended for the implementation with incorporation of mitigation measures and
environmental monitoring plan.

vi
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

ABBREVIATION
% : Percentage
AC : Air Conditioning
ACH : Air change per hour
AMF : Automatic Main Failure
B.S. : Bikram Sambat
BHK : Bedroom Hall Kitchen
CAM : Crassulacean Acid Metabolism
CBO : Community Based Organization
CBS : Central Bureau of Statistics
CCTV : Closed Circuit Television
CEHS : Coupled Electricity and Heat System
CFL : Compact Fluorescent Lamp
CI : Cast Iron
CO2 : Carbon dioxide
CSP : Corporate Social Performance
DB : Distribution Board
DG : Diesel Generator
DIA : Direct Impact Area
DO : Dissolved Oxygen
DPR : Detail Project Report
DUDBC : Department of Urban Development and Building Construction
EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment
EIA : Environmental Impact Assessment
ELCB : Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker
EMP : Environment Management Plan
EPA : Environment Protection Act
EPR : Environment Protection Rules
ETP : Effluent Treatment Plant
FAR : Floor Area Ratio
FDS : Fire Defence System
FRP : Fibre Reinforced Plastic
GI : Galvanized Iron
GoN : Government of Nepal
IAQ : Indoor Air Quality
IIA : Indirect Impact Area
IUCN : International Union for Conservation of Nature
KL : Kilo Liter
KLPD : Kilo Litre per Day
Km : Kilometre
KV : Kilo Volt
LED : Light Emitting Diode
M : Metre
MCB : Miniature Circuit Breaker
MCCB : Molded Case Circuit Breaker
MEP : Mechanical Electrical Plumbing
MoFE : Ministry of Forests and Environment

vii
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

MoUD : Ministry of Urban Development

NASA : National Aeronautics & Space Administration
NB : Nominal Bore
NBC : National Building Code
NEPAP : Nepal Environmental Policy and Action Plan
NGO : Non-Governmental Organization
No. : Number
NPR : Nepalese Rupees
NRAC : Nepal Rural And Advancement Committee Pvt. Ltd.
OHSAS : Occupational Health and Safety Assessment System
OLTC : On-Load Tap Changer
PAD : Project Affected District
PPE : Personal Protective Equipment
Pt. Ltd. : Private Limited
PVC : Poly Vinyl Chloride
RCC : Reinforced Cement Concrete
SBC : Safer Building Construction
SNPL : Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd.
SP : Single Pole
Sq. Ft. : Square Feet
STP : Sewerage Treatment Plant
TAC : Tariff Advisory Committee
ToR : Terms of Reference
VAT : Value Added Tax
YY-MM-DD : Year Month Day
ZoI : Zone of Influence

viii
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABBREVIATIONS / ACRONYMS

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................................. iv

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................1
1.1. Project Background ...................................................................................................................................1
1.2. Proponent and the Institution Responsible for Preparing the Report ......................................................1
1.2.1 The Proponent..............................................................................................................................1
1.2.2 Institution Responsible for Preparing the Document ..................................................................1
1.3. Objectives of EIA Study .............................................................................................................................2
1.4. Rationale for EIA Study..............................................................................................................................2
1.5. Relevancy of the Proposal .........................................................................................................................2
1.6. Scope of the Study.....................................................................................................................................2
1.7. Study Team ................................................................................................................................................3
CHAPTER II: PROJECT DESCRIPTION ...........................................................................................................4
2.1 The Proposal Location ...............................................................................................................................4
2.2 Accessibility ...............................................................................................................................................5
2.3 Salient Features .........................................................................................................................................5
2.4 Project Details ...........................................................................................................................................7
2.4.1 Design Concept and Specifications ..............................................................................................7
2.4.2 Access Road: .................................................................................................................................9
2.4.3 Space Productivity: .......................................................................................................................9
2.4.4 External Design Concept ............................................................................................................10
2.4.5 Parking and Pathways: ...............................................................................................................11
2.4.6 Wiring System: ...........................................................................................................................12
2.4.7 Fire & Life Safety and Ladder .....................................................................................................12
2.4.8 Drinking Water and Rain Water Harvesting System ..................................................................12
2.4.9 Waste Water Management: .......................................................................................................13
2.4.10 Solid Waste Management ..........................................................................................................13
2.4.11 Water-Proofing:..........................................................................................................................13
2.4.12 Security System: .........................................................................................................................13
2.4.13 Communication: .........................................................................................................................13
2.4.14 Premises Lighting: ......................................................................................................................14
2.5 Project Requirements..............................................................................................................................14
2.5.1 Land ............................................................................................................................................14
2.5.2 Machinery and Equipment/Technique Construction Material ..................................................14
2.5.3 Human Resources Input .............................................................................................................14
2.5.4 Emergency Power Generation ...................................................................................................14
2.5.5 Electrical System ........................................................................................................................15
2.5.6 Utilities requirement ..................................................................................................................15

ix
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

2.5.7 Electricity ....................................................................................................................................15

2.5.8 Power Distribution .....................................................................................................................15
2.5.9 Construction Materials ...............................................................................................................16
2.5.10 Emergency Escape, earthquake safety.......................................................................................16
2.5.11 Stockpile site and Spoil Disposal ................................................................................................17
2.6 Construction Period.................................................................................................................................17
2.7 Project Cost .............................................................................................................................................17
CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY FOR EIA STUDY ......................................................................................18
3.1. Literature Review .....................................................................................................................................18
3.2 Impact Area Delineation............................................................................................................................18
3.3. Field Visit and Site Inspection ..................................................................................................................18
3.3.1. Physical Environment ........................................................................................................................18
3.3.2. Biological Environment......................................................................................................................18
3.3.3. Socio-economic and Cultural Environment .......................................................................................19
3.4. Impact Assessment (identification, Prediction and Evaluation)..............................................................19
3.5. Public Hearing and Consultation ..............................................................................................................19
CHAPTER IV: EXISTING ENVIRONMENT CONDITIONS..........................................................................20
4.1 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE AREA .................................................................................................20
4.1.1 Physiography and topography ...................................................................................................20
4.1.2 Geology and soil .........................................................................................................................20
4.1.3 Climate .......................................................................................................................................20
4.1.4 Hydrology ...................................................................................................................................21
4.1.5 Ground Water Resource.............................................................................................................22
4.1.6 Land Distribution and Natural Resources...................................................................................22
4.1.7 Roads and Infrastructure............................................................................................................23
4.1.8 Air Quality, Water Quality and Noise Levels ..............................................................................23
4.1.9 Cultural and Religious Sites ........................................................................................................24
4.1.10 Sewerage and Storm water drainage .........................................................................................24
4.1.11 Irrigation Canal ...........................................................................................................................24
4.2 Biological Environment ...........................................................................................................................24
4.2.1 Vegetation ..................................................................................................................................24
4.2.2 Fauna ..........................................................................................................................................26
4.3 Socio-Economic Environment .................................................................................................................26
4.3.1 Demographic Structure ..............................................................................................................27
4.3.2 Caste and Ethnic Group ..............................................................................................................27
4.3.3 Mother Tongue ..........................................................................................................................29
4.3.4 Religion .......................................................................................................................................29
4.3.5 Education and Literacy ...............................................................................................................29
4.3.6 Institutions .................................................................................................................................30
4.3.7 Usually Active and Inactive Population ......................................................................................30
4.3.8 Drinking water and sanitation ....................................................................................................30

x
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

4.3.9 Industries around the Project Site..............................................................................................31

CHAPTER V: RELEVANT POLICIES, LEGISLATIONS, GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS ...................32
5.1 Constitution .............................................................................................................................................32
5.2 Plan, Policies and Strategies ....................................................................................................................32
Fifteen Plan (2076/77-2080/81) ..................................................................................................................32
National Land Policy, 2071 BS .....................................................................................................................32
National Urban Policy, 2064 BS ...................................................................................................................32
National Climate Change Policy, 2076 BS....................................................................................................32
National Plan of Action for Safer Building Construction, 2072 BS ..............................................................32
National Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Policy, 2065 BS.........................................................33
Labour and Employment Policy, 2062 BS ....................................................................................................33
Nepal Environmental Policy and Action Plan (NEPAP) 2049 BS ..................................................................33
National Environment Policy, 2076 BS ........................................................................................................34
5.3 Acts 34
Environment Protection Act 2076 BS ..........................................................................................................34
Town Development Act 2045 BS .................................................................................................................34
Building Act 2055 BS....................................................................................................................................34
Local Government Operation Act, 2074 BS .................................................................................................35
Labour Act, 2074 BS ....................................................................................................................................35
Solid Waste Management Act 2068 BS .......................................................................................................35
Child labor (Prohibition and Regulation) Act 2056 BS .................................................................................35
Companies Act, 2063 BS and amendments, 2073 BS ..................................................................................35
5.4 Rules /Regulations ...................................................................................................................................36
5.5 GUIDELINES .............................................................................................................................................36
5.6 STANDARDS .............................................................................................................................................36
5.7 INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS AND TREATIES .....................................................................................38
CHAPTER VI: IMPACT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT ON THE ENVIRONMENT ...39
6.1 Beneficial Impact .....................................................................................................................................39
6.1.1 Construction Phase ....................................................................................................................39
6.1.2 Operation Phase .........................................................................................................................40
6.2 Adverse Impact........................................................................................................................................40
6.2.1 Physical Environment .................................................................................................................40
6.2.2 Biological Environment ..............................................................................................................43
6.2.3 Socio-economic and cultural environment ................................................................................44
CHAPTER VII: Alternative Analysis for the implementation of the proposal ...................................................49
7.1 No Action Option .....................................................................................................................................49
7.2 Project Alternatives .................................................................................................................................49
7.3 Project Location.......................................................................................................................................49
7.4 Alternative Design and Construction Approach ......................................................................................49
7.5 Alternative Schedule and Process ...........................................................................................................49
CHAPTER VIII: MATTERS CONCERNING THE PREVENTION OF THE IMPACT OF THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROPOSAL ON THE ENVIRONMENT .......................................................50
xi
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

8.1 Physical Environment ..............................................................................................................................50

8.1.1 Construction Phase ....................................................................................................................50
8.1.2 Operation stage ..........................................................................................................................51
8.2 Biological Environment ...........................................................................................................................53
8.2.1 Construction Phase ....................................................................................................................53
8.2.2 Operational Phase ......................................................................................................................53
8.3 Socio-economic Environment .................................................................................................................53
8.3.1 Construction Phase ....................................................................................................................53
8.3.2 Operation Phase .........................................................................................................................54
CHAPTER IX: ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN .............................................................................61
9.1 Environment Management System ...........................................................................................................61
9.2 Environment Management Unit ...............................................................................................................61
9.3 Implementing mechanism of Environmental Protection Measures .........................................................61
9.4 Project Management Responsibility .........................................................................................................62
9.5 Environmental Monitoring Plan ................................................................................................................62
9.6 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) .......................................................................................................63
9.7 Specific Management Plans for Surya Nepal Residential Buildings ........................................................63
9.7.1 Health and Safety Plan ...............................................................................................................63
9.7.2 Occupational Health and Safety Hazards ...................................................................................65
9.7.3 Community Health and Safety Hazards......................................................................................65
9.7.4 Site Safety Procedures ...............................................................................................................65
9.7.5 Managing Construction Hazards ................................................................................................66
9.7.6 Confined Space Entry and Excavation of Work ..........................................................................66
9.7.7 Electrical .....................................................................................................................................67
9.7.8 Plant and Equipment ..................................................................................................................67
9.7.9 Scaffolds .....................................................................................................................................67
9.7.10 Fire and Explosions .....................................................................................................................68
9.7.11 Managing other Construction Hazards ......................................................................................68
9.7.12 Plan for Management of Labor and Working Condition ............................................................69
9.7.13 Construction Camp Management Plan ......................................................................................70
9.7.14 Indoor Air Quality Management Plan ........................................................................................71
9.7.15 Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan............................................................................75
9.8 Compliance monitoring ...........................................................................................................................76
9.8 Monitoring Cost.......................................................................................................................................77
9.9 Total EMP Cost ........................................................................................................................................78
9.10 Environment Audit ..................................................................................................................................78
CHAPTER X: CONCLUSION ...........................................................................................................................80
REFERENCES ....................................................................................................................................................81

xii
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

ANNEXES

ANNEX Ia : SD/TOR Approval for Phase II

ANNEX Ib : IEE Approval for Phase I
ANNEX II : Company Registration certificates and other legal documents
ANNEX III : Land Entitlement Certificates
ANNEX IV : Layout Maps
ANNEX V : Recommendation from concerned authority
ANNEX VI : Attendance during public hearing
ANNEX VII : Public Hearing
ANNEX VIII : Pictorial Highlight
ANNEX IX : Water Quality Report
ANNEX X : Approved Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal (CAAN)
ANNEX XI : Soil Test Report
ANNEX XII : Declaration Form
ANNEX XIII : Declaration from SNPL
Approved ToR

xiii
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION

1.1. Project Background

Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. situated at Simara has multiplied many folds in terms of volume,
infrastructure and human resources. The managerial strength has also grown over a period and
the number of young managers is in the increase as the unit has already completed 28 years.
Scoping for EIA of the project helps in developing and selecting alternatives to the proposed
action and recognized the issues to be considered in EIA process. Besides it allows proponent to
inform the stakeholders about the proposal to receive their comments and suggestions on the
relevant environment issues and sketches out the guidelines for ToR preparation. The IEE for
construction of Phase I has been approved by Ministry of Urban Development, GoN
(2075/02/10, see Annex I). Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. also want to construct Phase 2 (apartment with
club house/recreational centers) with 25 apartments; that will help in the uplifting the living
conditions of the managers within the premises of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. The project name is
Residential Building Unit instead of Apartment unit although whatsoever written in the report
due to approved ToR the name exist as Apartment but it is Residential Building and not for sale,
just for the staff of the company. The declaration stating the intent of the project (apartment)
exclusively for residential purpose and not for sale has been included in Annex XII.

1.2. Proponent and the Institution Responsible for Preparing the Report
1.2.1 The Proponent
The Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II), Surya Nepal Pvt.
Ltd., Bara District, Province 2 is proposed by Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. The details of name and
address of the proponent is as follows:
Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd.
Simara, Bara, Narayani Zone, Nepal
Phone: 053-520175
Fax: 520034
URL: www.snpl.com.np

Registered Office
Shree Bal Sadan
Gha 2-513, Kantipath, Kathmandu, Nepal
Phone: 01-4248280
Fax: 01-4227585/4229004

1.2.2 Institution Responsible for Preparing the Document

The Environment Impact Assessment of the proposal has been prepared by SCEC Pvt. Ltd. JV
NRAC, Anamnagar, Kathmandu for and on behalf of the proponent. The contact detail of the
consultancy is as follows:

SCEC Pvt. Ltd. JV Nepal Rural And Advancement Committee Pvt. Ltd. (NRAC)
Anamnagar, Kathmandu, Nepal
Tel: 977-9841428732
Email: [email protected]

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 1
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

1.3. Objectives of EIA Study

The EIA study, as per EPA (2076), has an objective to prepare a comprehensive EIA study
report to facilitate decision making of the concerned agencies and stakeholders. Therefore, the
main objectives of the EIA Study are to:
 Identify the major physical, biological and socio-economic and cultural baseline conditions;
 Identify potential positive and adverse impacts for various proposal alternatives;
 Prescribe appropriate, practical, cost effective and site specific mitigation measures for the
identified adverse environmental impacts to avoid or minimize or compensate adverse
impacts and enhancement measures for the capitalization of positive impacts;
 Collect baseline data on physical, biological, socio-economic and cultural component of the
local environment;
 Assess alternative project design and give input on project design;
 Develop Environmental Management Plan (EMP) and Environmental Auditing Plan for
project construction and operation phase

1.4. Rationale for EIA Study

Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II), Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd.,
Bara District, Province 2 comprises 25 apartments with total Built up area more than 11866.062
square meters (that includes First Phase 5418.72 square meters (IEE has been approved), Second
Phase 5539.35 square meters and Club house/Recreational centre 907.99 square meters). The
height of the building is 26.4 m for both Phases and each of them has eight floors (Ground+7).
This project has been categorized as EIA project, because of the following characteristics:
 Built up area – more than 10,000 square meters (attracts EPR 2077 schedule 3, E. 1.
Housing, buildings and urban development sector)

1.5. Relevancy of the Proposal

The demand for the proper residence for the managers near the main factory of the SNPL was
increasing. As there are no suitable economic living facilities around the factory, it was hence
essential to built the apartments for the managers not for commercial purpose so that it is
economic and with the boundary of the company.

1.6. Scope of the Study

The scope of this EIA study includes all the structures for Phase II (apartment building, Club
house, Recreational /fitness center and Temple, Fire hydrant system, Fire detection and alarm
system, Water treatment plant, Sewage treatment plant, Guard house, DG and electrical control
room, Parking facility for car and motor bikes.

Phase I is also the part of this EIA. The architectural, structural and services design of the Phase
I apartments consisting of 28 apartments were completed and the IEE for its construction has
been approved by Ministry of Urban Development, GoN (2075/02/10, see Annex Ib). The
SD/TOR for the EIA has been approved by MoFE on 2076/03/02 (see Annex Ia).

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 2
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

1.7. Study Team

The Study team required for the detailed EIA stage are mentioned below.
S.N Qualification
Expert Category

Project Coordinator –EIA Expert: Dr Jyoti Ph.D. in Conservation Biology (Botany)

1
Prasad Gajurel
2 Environmentalist: Dependra Pokhrel M.Sc. in Environment Science
3 Sociologist: Prakash Ghimire MA in Sociology
Project Engineer on Behalf of Client: Er. M.E.
4
Suresh Shrestha
B.E. In Civil Engineering/M.Sc. in Water
5 Civil Engineer: Umesh Dhital
Resources

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 3
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

CHAPTER II: PROJECT DESCRIPTION

2.1 The Proposal Location

The proposed project is located in Jitpur Simara Sub-Metropolitan city, Ward no. 2, Bara district
in the Province: 2 of Nepal. The project site is 1 km away in aerial distance from the Simara
Airport. The location of the project is presented in the following figures below.

Figure 1 Location Map (source: Google map and site visit 2018)
The land use of the project site comprises of barren land, bushes area, forest area and grass land.
No agricultural land is seen in the project area. The land use pattern of the project is given in the
figure below.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 4
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Figure 2 Land use Map (source: Department of Survey)

2.2 Accessibility
The project area is about 175 km road distance towards east west of Kathmandu. There is access
roads for the proposed project site namely Tribhuvan highway. A topographic map and Google
image of the project showing its accessibility is provided in the figure below:

Figure 3 The project access (source: field visit 2018 and google map)

2.3 Salient Features

The Construction of apartment for managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II) aims at

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 5
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

construction of 25 apartments and other recreational structures in the site where phase I is
located. Following Table 1 presents the salient feature of the project.
Table 1 Project’s Salient Feature

Items Description
Name of the Project Construction of apartment for managers of Surya Nepal Pvt.
Ltd. (Phase II)
Province 2
District Bara
Municipality Jeetpur Simara sub-metropolitan city , ward 2
Physiography Terai
Number of Buildings Two (Phase I-constructed; Phase II remaining)
Basic Facilities  Phase 2 apartment building with 25 apartments
 Club house
 Recreational /fitness center and Temple
 Fire hydrant system
 Fire detection and alarm system
 Water treatment plant
 Sewage treatment plant
 Guard house
 DG and electrical control room
 Parking facility for car and motor bikes
Land Area Phase 1: 1174 sq meter
Phase 2: 1088 sq meter
Club house: 719 sq meter
Road: 1535 sq meter
Total site area: 26947 sq meter
No. of stories Phase 1 (G + 7 )
Phase 2 (G+7)
Total No. of apartments Phase1 : 28 apartments
Phase 1 Unit A: 1474.98 sq. ft.
Unit B: 1185.00 sq. ft.
Total families: 28
Phase 2: 25 apartments
Phase 2 Unit A: 1474.98 sq. ft.
Unit B: 1800.00 sq. ft.
Unit C: 2600.00 sq. ft.
Total Families: 25
Per Day Water Requirements 12 KL in Phase I and 10 KL in Phase II

Water Storage Capacity 15 KL in Phase I and 15 KL in Phase II

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 6
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Waste Waste per day = 15 kgs per apartment phase 1

Waste per day = 12 kgs per apartment phase 2
Per flat 0.5 kg per flat per day
Capacity of Parking Area Phase 1: Car-12 and Bike-40
Phase 1: Car-12 and Bike-40
Built up Area 11866.062 sq m (First Phase 5418.72, Second Phase 5539.35
and Club house/Recreational center 907.99)
Building Height Phase a 1 and phase 2 both are 26.4 m height
Ground Coverage 4515 sq. m . (about 17 %)
(apartment and other
building with road)
Setback Distance 6m
Open Space 83% (approximate)
Total project cost Total NRs 92.6 Crs excluding VAT @ 13% (Phase 1 : NRs
42 Crs, Phase 2 : Nrs 45.25 Crs and Club House Nrs 5.35 Crs )

2.4 Project Details

2.4.1 Design Concept and Specifications
The building of the project will be earthquake resistant building with the optimum use of local
resources so as to define safe and economical structure. As per seismic zoning category, the
Simara region falls under category IV (DoMG). However, it is recommended to design for one
step higher i.e. zone V to make structure more stable (Project Report 2018). This will ensure
robustness and safety in design. All MEP services design will be designed as per ITC Standards.
Table 2 : Phase 2 with details on floor
Built Up area
Description
S.No.
Area (Sq m) Area (Sq ft)
Phase 2
1 Apartment
a Ground floor 813 8746
b First floor plan 759 8172
c Second floor plan 801 8620
d Third floor plan 801 8620

e Fourth floor plan 794 8539

f Fifth floor plan 799 8596
g Sixth floor plan 387 4169
h Seventh floor plan 110 1184
i Sub total 5264 56644

2 Service blocks
a Car and motor cycle parking shed 275 2959.00

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 7
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Sub total 275 2959

Grand total 5539.35 59603.41

Source: Project Report 2018

The building should epitomize engineering excellence in terms of design, materials and finishes,
services and energy efficiency. Design will be in conformity with latest National Building Code
(NBC) of Nepal. 11 kV electrical line is passing through the proposed site for the apartment;
hence construction has to happen leaving 3 meter on either side from the line (To be earmarked
in the drawing). Design should be such that it has to maximize the F.A.R. and ground coverage.
Table 3: Club House/Recreational Center
Structures Area (Sq m)
Club house
Ground floor 347
First floor 189
Gym and Recreational facility
Total block area (Gym /Badminton) 372

(Gym 540 and badminton/TT court 2450 sft)

Total area 908
Source: Project Report 2018
Structural design of Phase II will confirm to requirements of seismic zone V (Z factor: 0.36), in
line with the Phase I design. Foundation will be designed as per the structural loads and soil
bearing capacity. All MEP services design will be designed as per ITC Standards. All design
parameters will conform to latest applicable National Building Code of Nepal or NBC of India,
whichever is stringent. The building should epitomize engineering excellence in terms of design,
materials and finishes, services and energy efficiency.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 8
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Figure 4 Project Site and Structures general layout (Source: Project Report 2018)

2.4.2 Access Road:

There is a separate path for vehicle (16 feet width) and pedestrian movement (5 feet with
interlocking blocks) available in phase 1 is required to be extended for phase 2 suitably as per
final zonal layout plan. Surface water drain will be along the roads. Bitumen road will be
provided.

2.4.3 Space Productivity:

Apartment will be multi storied for higher space utilization. Design will be in conformity with
latest National Building Code (NBC) of Nepal. Design should be such that it has to maximize
the F.A.R. and ground coverage, within permissible limits.
Table 4: Detail’s on room
UNIT B
S.N ROOMS UNIT A (sq.ft)
(sq.ft)
1 Living Room 477 383.27
2 Study Room 56.8 0
3 Living Room Balcony 83.93 79.41
4 Master Bedroom 174.1 175.82
5 Dressing Room 42.61 48.31
6 Attached Toilet 58.43 48.31
7 Master Bedroom Balcony 58.75 47.99
8 Bedroom 169.69 159.89
9 Common Toilet 44.55 45.3
10 Kitchen 139.02 109.75
11 Kitchen Balcony 95.76 50.36
12 Utility 74.35 36.58
Total Carpet Area 1474.98 1185
Source: Project Report 2018
The overall building height can be up to 35 meters as per the height clearance certificate obtained
from the Civil Aviation Authority of Nepal considering the proximity of site to the Simara
Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd
Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 9
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Airport (see Annex X). Projection of columns and beams in the room needs to be avoided or
camouflaged as far as possible.

2.4.4 External Design Concept

1. The proposed building has to be commensurate with Building Architecture (Façade and
massing) of phase 2. Cool and pleasant colors matching with the phase 1 are proposed which
enhances the aesthetic appeal to the building. Suitable antifungal and weather resistance external
paints for durability are required.
Internal Design Concept:
1. One main staircase and one service staircase will be provided, both of which will act as
emergency staircase and hence fire door will be provided at landing of each floor for both the
staircases. All staircases should have handrails in both ends.

2. Each 2 BHK flat should have the same design of similar apartments of Phase I:
 Master bed room with attached toilet and balcony, other bed room devoid of
attached toilet and balcony. Bed rooms would be projected outside for better
cross ventilation and lighting. Bed rooms will be provided with appropriate wood-
work and mirror.
 One living cum dining room
 Kitchen and one utility room close to the kitchen
 Store /Utility to have provision for washing machine

3. Each 3 BHK (1800 sq ft, 3BHK means 3 bed room, 1 hall and 1 kitchen) flat should ideally
have the following:
 Three bed rooms with attached toilet and balcony. Bed rooms would be
positioned at corners with cross ventilation and lighting. Bed rooms will be
provided with appropriate wood-work and mirror.
 One living cum dining room
 Kitchen and one utility room close to the kitchen
 Store /Utility to have provision for washing machine
Flooring Finishes:
1. Main staircase- RCC only
2. All other areas (Living, Dining, Bedrooms, Kitchen) -Vitrified tiles and common areas with
granites
3. Balcony and Toilets: Anti-skid ceramic tiles
4. Toilets: Anti-skid ceramic tiles
5. Toilet wall cladding-Glazed tiles.
6. Utility, Store – Ceramic tile Flooring
Kitchen:
Modular kitchen with:
1. Chimney and Water purifier
2. Base units with worktop in granite.
3. One sink unit.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 10
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Location of Air Inlets And Windows:

The opening sizes will be designed to allow both proper day lighting and also ventilation for the
interiors.
1. Wood work

 Main door – Teak door panel & teak wood door frame
 Other interior doors – prefabricated door panels & salwood frames (of dimensions suiting
the room)

2. Windows
 Large windows in living room, in bedrooms (suiting the room). The windows must have
security fencing, mesh screen and glazing with aluminum frames. The windows must be
well protected against rainwater splash / ingress. Window openings grills made out of MS
solid bars. Paint – 2 coats of anti-corrosive primer and 2 coats of enamel paint. Window
to have wire mesh.
 The window will be sliding type.
 Aluminum ventilators with grills & louvers.

3. Internal sanitary fixtures (preferred vendor: Parry ware / Hind ware/Equivalent) in each
restroom

 Vitreous white glazed European water closet wall mounted pattern having 'P' or 'S' trap
outlet with necessary fittings
 Vitreous white glazed counter sunk oval washbasin with necessary fittings.
 Bathroom fittings will be ceramic type single level mixers
 Electrical geyser
 Quality mirror
 Shower unit

2.4.5 Parking and Pathways:

Car parking for Phase 2 has been already considered in phase 1 external to the buildings.
Pedestrian paths and vehicular paths have to be demarcated for safety reasons and will be
extended from phase1.
Landscape Design:
The surrounding areas of the building will have adequate shrubs, grasses & lawns to maximize
the green areas. Irrigation facility will be provided utilizing STP (Micro bio film baffle reactor
(MBBR) technology with ultra-filtration) treated water. Watering will be done manually in
the garden.
Lawn will be provided with metallic benches.

Services Design
Services will be designed considering the following:
 Conservation of Energy and Water
 Eco-Friendly Systems
 State-of-the-art Technology

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 11
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

 Reliability
 Operation and Maintenance Friendly

2.4.6 Wiring System:

The system of wiring will consist of PVC insulated, FRLS copper conductor wires. ELCBs will
be used in DBs as required for human safety.
Electrical System for Individual Apartments:
Following provisions will be made while designing electrical system for apartment rooms:
-Each Apartment with one three-phase MCB/ELCB DB inside the flat at a selected
location, considering aesthetics.
Emergency Power Generation:
DG in phase 1 meets the requirement of Phase 1. So, 100% lighting and all other facilities
including AC needs to be catered with suitable DG with manual change over for phase 2. (Diesel
Generator: Jakson Move 250 KVA X 2 Nos; Noise level <75 dc (A) as against Max 90 dB (A) as
per standard; Emission meets Euro III or Bharat III; Solar PV will be evaluated as back-up power
facility).

2.4.7 Fire & Life Safety and Ladder

The phase 2 apartment will be provided with Fire extinguishers and fire hydrant system
(Pumps and Sump considered) conforming to design TAC rules. The building will also have
FDS. Integration of FDS and fire hydrant system will also be done. Further fire escape routes are
mandatory for multi-story buildings. Hand held fire extinguishers are recommended as follows:
 Water type extinguishers at all staircase landing at entrance
 Carbon di-oxide type extinguishers in equipment room entrance
 Dry chemical powder for car parking areas
 Mechanical foam type extinguisher in fuel storage area
The emergency escape ladder will be kept in each building.
2.4.8 Drinking Water and Rain Water Harvesting System
The area is rich in water resource. Two Bore wells are required. One Bore well (300 feet x 8”
NB) has already been drilled in phase 1 to meet water requirement of both phases. Another Bore
well will be kept as standby; will be considered. Alternative line through municipality supply and
water treatment system for phase 2 has already been taken into consideration in phase 1 design.
 Underground storage tank of raw and treated water required for both phases have been
provisioned in phase 1. However, overhead (FRP tank) for phase 2 water requirement
needs to be considered.
Water is being used from the rivulet running nearby. We are entrapping 200 KL of rain water.
Nearly 50% being used and 50% allowed for percolation for ground water recharge. 30 KL is
being recycled and reused in building for toilet flushing and gardening. Used water is recycled in
STP and is used in gardening. All water is recycled and reused in the premises. SNPL has 57
acres of land and only 50% land is used. Natural percolation of water happens. We have
piezoelectric (Well sounder) instruments for monitoring the ground water. Further, we do ground
water check every five year through external expert and is derived that water discharge is less
than water recharge hence aquifer is regenerating.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 12
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

2.4.9 Waste Water Management:

Waste water emerging from phase 2 apartments needs to be treated in STP (MBBR technology
with ultra-filtration). The reclaimed water will be used in garden and toilet flushing. There is no
issue of drainage inside the compound. Just outside of the compound, the municipality drainage
has been under construction. There is also facility for water pipe line outside the compound along
the main road. This will also aid in the ground water recharge. There will also be greenery along
the construction site, which also help in the water recharge. 30 KL is being recycled and reused
in building for toilet flushing and gardening. Used water is recycled in STP and is used in
gardening. All water is recycled and reused in the premises.

2.4.10 Solid Waste Management

Depending upon the nature and origin of solid waste, it will be collected in separate bins
distinguished by different colour. The separate buckets will be used after source segregation of
waste. The colour as well as level has been given to the bucket as per nature and origin of the
waste is given in table 5.
Table 5 Type of Wastes and respective colour of bucket for segregation of waste
Color of bucket Type/nature of waste

Green bucket Biodegradable waste

Blue bucket Non-metal (plastic, plastic bottles, papers, etc.)

Red bucket Metal waste (glassware, metal rods, )

Source: Project Report 2018

Waste bins are available @ housing site. They are segregated. Bio degradable waste are
composted in vermin composting pit. Vermi compost reclaimed from pit is used in garden. The
facility is available inside the housing /apartment compound at a distance of 30 meters. Generally
bio-degradable and non-metal wastes are comparatively less-risky than metal waste. The solid
waste management approach will be followed in the apartment as per the nature and type of
waste.
Bio-degradable waste: it includes mostly food waste, paper, garbage, small wood pieces.
Non-metal waste: includes the plastic bags, wood, paper etc.
Metal waste: it includes the glassware, metal rods, etc.
Glass: It includes bottles and other products made from glass.

2.4.11 Water-Proofing:
Restrooms, Balconies, terrace and water storage areas are to be waterproofed.

2.4.12 Security System:

The facility is already equipped with compound walls. Security surveillance using CCTV camera
and telephone facility required for phase 2 will be integrated with phase 1. Security block is
already available in phase 1 near main entrance.
2.4.13 Communication:
Broadband/Internet connectivity, telephone, EPBAX will be provided together with television
cable.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 13
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

2.4.14 Premises Lighting:

The facility will have the following based on cost benefit analysis.
 LED /Sodium /Mercury Vapour street lights
 LED/ Sodium /Mercury vapour compound lights
 Open area lighting

2.5 Project Requirements

2.5.1 Land
The project will be developed in the land with an area of 26947 sq. meter, owned by the Surya
Nepal Pvt. Ltd. required site clearance works and earthworks will be carried out as per the
drawings, specifications and instructions. Anti-termite treatment (1% active ingredient emulsion)
will be carried out during pre-construction treatment which involves foundation treatment,
backfill treatment, plinth level treatment and outer periphery treatment. The land entitlement
certificate is enclosed in Annex III.

2.5.2 Machinery and Equipment/Technique Construction Material

 Materials in Foundation and structural RCC: Cement, concrete, steel, sand, aggregates,
bricks, stone, formwork plywood/timber.
 Materials in civil works and finishing: bricks, stone, cement, sand, aggregate, marbles,
tiles, paints, metal works, Sal wood frames, readymade shutters, aluminum windows,
water proofing materials.
 Stock piling will be done on readily accessible spaces and around the project building
block. Basement could also be used for stock piling after its construction. If there is any
land available nearby on rent, it will be used for stock piling.
 Heavy equipment’s will be disassembled at source and transported on trucks. Wheeled
heavy equipment will be brought on own drives. All the transportation activities will
abide by the traffic rules/ regulation of the GoN. Permission will be obtained from the
traffic for the night haulage of construction materials.

2.5.3 Human Resources Input

 First phase (foundation and structure work): Number of workers from 70 to 330 based on
nature of the work. Workers will be managed by the bidding contractors.
 Second phase (civil and finishing work): Numbers of workers from 40 to 180 and more
on subcomponent works like escalators works, air conditioning works, electric works,
sanitary plant works, water treatment plant works, swimming pool, paraphernalia, fire-
fighting equipment works etc.
 Special attention to Safety occupational health safety through the provision of needed
gears and Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs).
 Health insurance will be provided to the construction workers.

2.5.4 Emergency Power Generation

 100% lighting and all other facilities including AC needs to be catered with existing
standby power (Diesel Generator: Jakson Move 250 KVA X 2 Nos; Noise level <75 dc

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 14
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

(A) as against Max 90 dB (A) as per standard; Emission meets Euro III or Bharat III;
Solar PV will be evaluated as back-up power facility)
 There are no solar power; so two 250 KVA, 3 phase diesel generators are used for power
back up. As country has already achieved the condition of load shedding free, use of
diesel is very minimal. 20 Liters diesel used per day.

2.5.5 Electrical System

 Each Apartment with one three-phase MCB/ELCB DB inside the flat at a selected
location, considering aesthetics.
 Power control center with AMF will be provided.
 Low voltage cables: 1100 V grade, PVC insulated aluminum conductor, armored power
cable will be provided. The cable will be laid in indoor trenches /cable trays as required.
 MCB distribution boards: DBs will be suitable for single phase /three phase.
 Switches /sockets: Multi pin flush type socket outlets controlled by flush type SP
switches. 16 A or higher will be housed inside a metal box.
 Exhaust fans of suitable size will be provided.
 Luminaries / Lamps: All luminaries will be approved make fluorescent /CFL/ LED
decorative type. The lighting layout will be aesthetically pleasing and taking into
considering possible energy saving.
 Earthing: TNS Earthing system with GI /CI pipe earth station conforming fully to IS
3043-1966 to 2.5 m long GI /CI pipe 450 x 450 mm.
 Building to have lighting protection system.

2.5.6 Utilities requirement

 Water Storage (Raw and treated underground tanks already considered in phase 1). Only
overhead water tank to be made for water consumption of phase 2.
 Deep tube well with the water treatment plant is already available in phase 1.
 Utility area e.g. DG, fuel storage is already considered in phase 1)
 Internal access road grid and drainage system (Phase 1 road & drainage to be extended)
 Waste collection and disposal
 Two lifts (One service lift and other normal lift) to be provided in the proposed apartment

2.5.7 Electricity
Electricity requirement of phase 2 on HT and LT has already been considered in phase 1. All
electrical equipment /switchgears are to be of approved make as per CEHS approved list. Design
of DBs in phase 2 should also take into account the electrical loads from geyser, split air
conditioning system one each per room, lighting and luminaries, fans and other appliances like
fridge, micro wave oven, washing machine etc.
2.5.8 Power Distribution
Suitable power distribution transformer with OLTC has been already designed in phase 1
considering phase 2 requirements. Main LT Panel/ nearby JB, cables will be laid and connected
to the DB for the building. The DB will cater to the Entire Apartment Block’s Electrical loads.
The DB will be provided with Molded Case Circuit Breakers (MCCBs). Provision has already
been made in the main panel / DBs for the changeover of power source from grid to Distributed

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 15
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Generation (DG) and DG to grid in phase 1. The Ratings and no. of feeders in each DB will be
worked out as per actual requirement. Adequate no. of spare feeders has already been provided in
the panels/DBs as per norms of phase 1. Suitable energy metering arrangement should be
provided for individual apartment and common facility. All electrical panels will be of approved
vendors of ITC.

2.5.9 Construction Materials

For the implementation of the project, different construction materials will be required during the
construction period. The major construction materials required for Phase II are as follows:
 Cement : 2000 MT (Metric ton) procured from Shivam Cement factory, Hetauda
 Sand: 3700 cubic meter from Nijgadh crusher
 Aggregate: 3800 Cubic meter from Hetauda from crusher
 Rebar: 600 MT of different diameters from Hama Iron factory
 Admixture (Plasticizer): 9000 lits of CAC superflow from dealer from Kathmandu
 AAC block: 26000 nos of 200 mm thickness and 1500 nos of 100 mm from Eco block
factory, Jeetpur
 Thin bed mortar: 1 MT from Eco block factory, Jeetpur
 Brick : 2.5 Lacs nos from Chimney around Kalaiya area
 Aluminium section : 35 MTfor windows from KB Sam aluminium factory, Jeetpur
 Wood: 11 cubic meter from saw mill, Chitawan
 Tiles/granites: Approximately 160 Tons sourced from Johnson tiles factory India through
authorized agent based in Kathmandu.

2.5.10 Emergency Escape, earthquake safety

The emergency escape, earthquake safety considered for project are given below:
 Design in conformity with seismic zone V (Though Simara lies in Seismic zone IV, one
step higher with additional cost impact to ensure human safety)
 Provision of emergency and main staircase
 Provision of emergency assembly point
 Emergency evacuation procedure and emergency organization structure
 Fire hydrant and smoke detectors to signal the fire hazard at its nascent stage
 Smoke management system in case of fire
 Provision of fire doors and fire separation to confine the propagation of fire from one
zone to other
 Aviation light at building top
 Provision of lightning protection
 Fire extinguisher and fire exit signage

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 16
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

2.5.11 Stockpile site and Spoil Disposal

The Stocks of different material will be maintained within project compound. There are sufficient
area for buffering the stock pile required for construction. Similarly, following spoil disposal
plan has been considered:

 Re bar/metallic waste will be sold to scrap vendor for recycle

 Sand/aggregate waste will used as base material for road construction
 Bricks/AAC blocks will be used as base materials for road
 Tiles/granite waste will be buried within own project compound
 Wood /shutter ply will be sold to scap vendor for using as fuel materials
 Aluminium section waste will be sold to scrap vendor for recycling purpose
 Thin bed mortar will have no waste
 Admixture waste: No waste as automatic batching plant available within the site

2.6 Construction Period

It is estimated that the construction of the project will be completed in within one year.

2.7 Project Cost

The cost for Phase 1: NRs 42 Crs, Phase 2: Nrs 45.25 Crs and Club House Nrs 5.35 Crs (Total
NRs 92.6 Crs excluding VAT @ 13%.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 17
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY FOR EIA STUDY

3.1. Literature Review

Literature review is one of the important tasks of EIA study which includes collecting information
about legal provision, practices and details of projects, project area information, and review of
similar EIA reports. The secondary data required in EIA study was collect from the district and
Municipality profile whereas the primary data related to the project was collect from the design and
feasibility study of project. The following literatures related to EIA study for the proposed Residence
Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. were collected:
a. Master plan study report of the proposed Residence Apartment.
b. Architectural and detail design report of Residence Apartment.
c. District and Municipality profile of Bara.
d. CBS, 2011
e. Rules, regulations, legislations, guidelines, directives of GoN related to this project.
f. Environmental Statistics of Nepal 2019
g. DHM Data

3.2 Impact Area Delineation

The project’s zone of influence is defined on the basis of perceived direct and indirect impacts due to
the project activities. The area where the project will be implemented, its adjacent land plots and
adjacent built up structures is defined as the Direct Impact Area (DIA) whereas from 500 m radius
from the centre of construction site is categorized as Indirect Impact Area (IIA), which is the general
method of area delineation in similar studies. The project is perceived to have a significant level of
influence areas as defined below.
Table 6 Impact Delineation Area
Zone of Influence Jeetpur Simara, Sub-metropolitan city, ward 2, Bara District
Direct Impact Area (DIA) Project implementation site where the construction will be carried
out
Indirect Impact Area (IIA) Adjacent sites of the ward 2 of Jeetpur Simara within the radius of
500 m

3.3. Field Visit and Site Inspection

The field visits were conducted in June 2018 for field survey, public consultation by
multidisciplinary team of environmentalist, Socio-economist and biologist for collecting information
on physical, biological and socio-economic and cultural environment of project site. The team of
expert has been generated data regarding the physical, biological and socio-economic environment of
direct and indirect zone of influence (ZoI) with the methodological approaches as given below;

3.3.1. Physical Environment

The field visit team collected the site specific information on topography, geology, soil, drainage
characteristic, rainfall, meteorological condition through direct inspection and consultation with local
people. The information was collected delineating the direct impact zone of Building construction
and operation activities.

3.3.2. Biological Environment

The vegetation in the surrounding were observed through walkthrough in the project direct impact
zone. The protected plant species in the direct and indirect zone of influence as per the IUCN red list,
CITES appendices and GoN list species were enumerated through consultation with local people.

Wildlife bio-diversity at the local level was studied in the field using appropriate methods as required
to unravel the linkages between wildlife habitats and proposal activities. The indicator wildlife and
Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd
Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 18
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

threatened or endangered species (as per IUCN Red Book, CITES Appendices, and GoN list) in the
area were identified through direct observation or in consultation with the local communities.

3.3.3. Socio-economic and Cultural Environment

The information on socio-economic condition of the people of project affected area were collected
through focus group discussion, informal public consultations, key informant survey at project
vicinity using pre-design checklist, which included key socio-economic characteristics.
The information about public institution and social infrastructure such as school, health post drinking
water structure was collected from municipality office and public consultation. All sites of religious,
cultural and historical importance within the directly zone of influence were visited and observed.
The social, cultural and religious values and significance of these sites were noted through
consultation with locals.

3.4. Impact Assessment (identification, Prediction and Evaluation)

The identification and prediction of environmental impacts were based on the existing environmental
condition of project site. The baseline environmental conditions of the project area from secondary
(literature review) and primary (field survey and interaction with people) sources were evaluated in
relation to construction and operation of the building.

Using the provisions as given in the National EIA Guidelines (NPC/IUCN, 1993), impacts have been
predicted and quantified, wherever possible and then evaluated again by using the scoring systems.
The nature of impacts have been evaluated in terms of type (direct or indirect); magnitude (high,
medium, low); extent (regional, local, or site specific); and duration (short term, medium term or
long term).

3.5. Public Hearing and Consultation

In order to ensure the public involvement, hearing was conducted on 2076/02/22 at Jeetpur Simara
sub-metropolitan city, ward 2 to discuss with the concerned people and institutions on possible
impacts from implementation of the proposal. There were 45 participants (Annex VI & VII).

EIA team also carried out interaction with local communities and related stakeholders during field
survey to collect the public concerns and suggestions. The suggestion and recommendation of the
interaction have been incorporated in the EIA report.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 19
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

CHAPTER IV: EXISTING ENVIRONMENT CONDITIONS

Information on baseline conditions is essential for the evaluation of the impact of the development
work in the project area. This Chapter describes the existing environmental conditions of the Project
development district, Jeetpur Simara sub-metropolitan city, ward 2. The existing environmental
condition described below are generated by assembling and evaluating all the data collected through
the primary source i.e. field visit and secondary sources i.e. review of available topographic- maps,
geological maps, Google images and literature etc.

4.1 PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE AREA

4.1.1 Physiography and topography

Physiographically, project is located in the northern extent of Indo-gangetic belt. Geographically, it
is located at Terai region of the country. The project is about 96m above sea level.

Figure 5 Physiographic map (source: Department of Survey, GoN)

4.1.2 Geology and soil

The project area is located in the geologically stable land which is composed of alluvial fan deposits.
Alluvial fan deposits enriched with recent organic matters has made the soil very fertile for
agricultural productivity. The subsurface geology contains of gravels and sand deposits at about 15m
below the ground.

4.1.3 Climate
Specific climatic data of the project influence area (municipality) is not available. However, the 8
years data from 2009 and 2016 recorded by nearest station at Simara Airport showed that the
minimum temperature to be 80C whereas the maximum temperature is 420C. Similarly, the average
temperate temperature was observed to be about 190C. The annual average rainfall analysed from 8
years station data (2009- 2016) is 2160.55 mm. Climatically, The project area falls on tropical
climate.
Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd
Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 20
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Project Area

Figure 6 Geological Map of the Project Area (Source: Department of Mines and Geology)

4.1.4 Hydrology
The GPS coordinates of this district is 27°2' N latitude and 85°00' E longitude. The natural resources
of the district also include rivers and streams like Bakaiya, Jamuniya,Pasaha, Dudhaura and Bangari
which are shown in Figure.

Project
Area

Figure 7 Hydrological map of the project district

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 21
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

4.1.5 Ground Water Resource

Almost one half of the country’s population is living in the Terai and they depend solely on
groundwater for their domestic water needs. Being a part of the larger Ganges basin and because of
ample rainfall/snowmelt confluence, the Terai plain is in a good position with respect to renewable
groundwater reserves, and has enough scope to expand its utilization. In the Terai, according to
Kansakar (1996), 165 million cubic meter of ground water is extracted annually for domestic
purpose where as about 520 million cubic meter is abstracted annually for irrigation while the annual
recharge is estimated as 8,800 million cubic meter. The site specific data were not available however,
comparing with the above literature and comparing the land use pattern of the project area which is
mostly agricultural land, it is regarded that it has sufficient rechargeable zone for groundwater
renewable.

4.1.6 Land Distribution and Natural Resources

Total area of forest in Bara district is 45,981 ha and is divided into Community forest, Individual
forest, Religious forest and National forest from where the people of the district uses their main fuel
for energy, fuelwood. District also includes shrubs areas of 51 ha. People in the rural areas use
agricultural residues and cattle waste for their energy end-use. The main cereal crops produced in
Bara are paddy, maize, wheat, barley, millet, and variety of cash crops i.e. mustard oilseed, potato,
sugarcane, etc are cultivated as winter seasonal, summer seasonal and non-seasonal (CBS, 2012).
Some of the major land use area of district has been shown in Figure.

Figure 8 Land use and resources of Bara District (Department of Survey)

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 22
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

4.1.7 Roads and Infrastructure

Many municipalities of Bara district have access to road transportation. The East-West Mahendra
highway passes through this district. Roads are both black topped are gravelled with distance of
district from Kathmandu is 283.55 km. The project site is directly connected to the highway. The
road network map of the district is as shown in Figure below.

Figure 9 Road network of Bara District

Figure 10 Road Network (Department of Survey)

4.1.8 Air Quality, Water Quality and Noise Levels

There is no recorded data on air quality around the project area. Mounting of traffic congestion
mainly in the main road and haphazard settlement has led to poor air quality in the city. Similarly,
the re-construction of the highway has caused excessive dust related air pollution.

Due to the plain topography of the Terai and vegetation within the project compound, pollution level
seems to be minimized. So, comparatively air quality in and around the project area is very pleasant
compared outside where highway is present. Noise level around the project area seems to be within
permissible level as it is located away from dense and populated area as well as away from highway
which is 40 to 60 dB.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 23
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

The underground water was collected and its quality when tested showed potable type. The pH, total
Chloride, Ammonia, Nitrite, Nitrate, Magnesium and Iron are within the Nepal Drinking Water
Quality Standard as in Annex IX.

4.1.9 Cultural and Religious Sites

The project area is devoid of any cultural and religious sites of local or historical importance.
However the Jitpur Simara Sub-metropolitan has few: Gadimai Temple, Musarnimai Temple, Kali
Temple & Krishna Temple.

4.1.10 Sewerage and Storm water drainage

Facilities of concrete drainage systems are provided for drainage of sewerage and storm water in
clustered residential and commercial area of the project influence area. But these drainages are not
efficient is draining effluents as the pipes are clogged with waste and problems of stagnant water
prevails. All the roads in the municipality have provisions of storm water drainage but their non-
concrete nature, higher surface gradient etc. have result the formation of surface water pools during
monsoon. Besides, encroachment of irrigation channels during construction of new buildings have
also resulted the problem of storm water drainage in the municipality. Urban flooding in many parts
of the municipality is the common problem in every monsoon.

4.1.11 Irrigation Canal

Raj Kulo (which is dry) is at the distance of 20 meters from the project site There is no obstruction to
the Raj Kulo. It is in its natural condition. The path of Raj Kulo is in natural condition, that will also
not be obstructed and it will not overflow in the project sites.

4.2 Biological Environment

The project site lies outside the national park, wildlife reserve, hunting reserve, officially recognized
conservation area or any other locally recognized ecologically sensitive site. All the sides of the
project site periphery are surrounded by roads. The nearest national park is Parsa National Park
which is about 30 km in aerial distance.

4.2.1 Vegetation
The forest type in the project district is tropical with Sisoo forest. The project site is devoid of
species of flora; however, the compound of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. has many tree and herbs cultivated
by the company long before. The local species of flora (including the cultivated species initiated
activity by Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. to make the city look green) available in the ward no. 2 of the
Jitpur Simara sub-metropolitan around project site are as follows.

Table 6 : Some Plants

S. N. Common Scientific Name Habit
1 Aanp Mangifera indica Tree
2 Amba Psidium guajava Tree
3 Ashok Saraca asoca Tree
4 Bakaino Melia azedarach Tree
5 Ban Tulasi Ocimum gratissimum Herb
6 Bans Dendrocalamus giganteus Tall Herb
7 Bar Ficus benghalensis Tree
8 Bayer Ziziphus jujuba Tree
9 Bijaya Sal Pterocarpus marsupium Tree
10 Chhatiwan Alstonia scholaris Tree
11 Sal Shorea robusta Tree
12 Dumree Ficus racemosa Tree
13 Epilistic Leucaena leucocephala Tree
Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd
Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 24
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

S. N. Common Scientific Name Habit

14 Ginger Zingiber officinale Herb
15 Gulmohar Delonix regia Tree
16 Imeli Tamarindus indica Tree
17 Jamer Citrus jambhiri Tree
18 Jamun Syzygium cumini Tree
19 Kapur Cinnamomum camphora Tree
20 Karma (Moeri) Haldina cordifolia Tree
21 Katahar Artocarpus lacucha Tree
22 Khajur Chamaerops humilis Tree
23 Ghas Poa annua Herb
24 Koiralo Bauhinia variegata Tree
25 Masala Eucalyptus camaldulensis Tree
26 Nariwal Cocos nucifera Tree
27 Neem Azadirachta indica Tree
28 Negalo Drepanostachyum Herb
intermedium
29 Pipal Ficus religiosa Tree
30 Rajbriksha Cassia fistula Tree
31 Sano Uniyu Pteris sp Herb
32 Rubber Ficus elastica Tree
33 Rudraksha Elaeocarpus serratus Tree
34 Satisal Dalbergia latifolia Tree
35 Sidh (Gamhar) Gmelina arborea Tree
36 Simal Bombax ceiba Tree
37 Siris Albezia lucidior Tree
38 Sisoo Dalbergia sissoo Tree
39 Uniyo Dryopteris sp Herb
40 Tadi Borassus flabellifer Tree
41 Tick Tectona grandis Tree
42 Utis Alnus nepalensis Tree
43 Bel Aegle marmelos Tree
44 Dhupi Juniperus indica Tree
45 Emli jhar Oxalis corniculata Herb
46 Gulaf Rosa hybrida Shrub
47 Khar Themeda villosa Herb
48 Kush Desmostachya bipinnata Herb
49 Phul kath Hydrangea heteromalla Herb
50 Umresho Thysanolaena latifolia Herb
Source: Field survey (2018)

Among the plants mentioned above, followings have the conservation status as follows

Table 7: Conservation Status

SN Scientific name Nepali Family GoN IUCN CITES Classification
name
1 Bombax ceiba L. Simal Bombacaceae - LC - -
2 Shorea robusta Gaertn. Sal Dipterocarpaceae P LC - Species
banned for
export

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 25
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

IUCN Threat Category: T: Threatened, E: Endangered, R: Rare, V: Vulnerable, LR/LC: Lower

Risk/least concern; CITES Category: Appendix I, II, III (Classified according to the threat due to
trade); Government of Nepal (GoN) Protection Category: P: Protected

Among plants Shorea robusta (Sal) is GoN protected while it and Bombax ceiba (Simal) fall under
least concern in IUCN redlist.

4.2.2 Fauna
Some faunal habitats are observed in project construction site due to near by trees and other plant
species. The followings are species of fauna observed or noted from the consultation with local
people:

Table 8: Some Fauna

S. N Animal Scientific name
1 Ajingar Python molurus
2 Bakulla Bubulcus ibis
3 Ban khukura Gallus gallus
4 Bandar Maccaca multta
5 Bandel Soc scrofa
6 Bas kouwa Malurus splendens
7 Bhaguta Anura ranidae
8 Biralo Felis catus
9 Chetuwa Panthera pardus
10 Chheparo Sauria lacertidae
11 Dhanes Buceros bicornis
12 Dog Cannis familiaris
13 Goat Capra hircus
14 Koilee Cuculus sp.
15 Lato Kosero Tyto alba
16 Lokherke Rodentia sciurus
17 Malsapro Martes flavigula
18 Mouree Apis mellifera
19 Musa Ratus ratus
Source: Field survey (2018)

Among them, Bandar (Macaca mulatta) falls in CITES Appendix II while Python molurus falls
under Appendix I.

Fishes: As the rivers are far away from the DIA as well as IIA, no fishes have been reported nearby
the project area.

4.3 Socio-Economic Environment

Jeetpur Simara is a sub-metropolitan city in Bara District in Province No. 2 of Southern Nepal. Area:
309.7 km². Weather: 27°C, Wind E at 10 km/h, 85% Humidity Population: 114,185 (2011). Jeetpur
Simara Sub-Metropolitan City is a recently established city in 2073 BS in Bara District of Narayani
Zone in central Nepal by merging 5 new VDC’s (Inarwa, Amlekhgunj, Manaharwa, Haraiya and
Rampur Tokani) to Gadhimai municipality which was established on 18 May 2014 by merging
Pipara Simara, Phattepur, Dumbarwana Jitpur Bhawanipur, Chhata Pipra VDC’s. The present
population of this city is 114785 with a population growth rate of 2.25 per annum. It is surrounded
by Nijgadh municipality, Kolvi municipality in the east, Parsa district in the west, Makawanpur
District in the north and Kalaiya sub-metropolitan city in the south. It covers major portion of
Pathlaiya-Birgunj industrial corridor.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 26
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Due to the high immigration rate, the population of this city has increased tremendously which in
return has increased the waste generation rate of this city. Because of lack of data on waste
generation and composition, this city has not been able to formulate effective plans to properly
manage collection, transportation and disposal of MSW. Only the commercial waste generated in
Jeetpur market area is being collected but the collected wastes are also not properly disposed. They
are collected and simply thrown at the bank of the river. Some of the wastes which can be reused or
recycled are collected by waste pickers and sold to the scrap dealers. This haphazard throwing of the
waste at the bank of river has caused water pollution, bad odour and nuisance, loss in aesthetic value
and serious environmental and health hazards. So, characterization and quantification of solid waste
is necessary for formulation of proper plans and policies for sustainable solid waste management in
this city. The per capita waste generation rate of Jeetpur Simara Sub-Metropolitan City is found 120
g/day. The quantity of waste generation is calculated to be 15 tons/day which includes 13.8 tons/day
wastes from household, 0.9 tons/ day from commercial and 0.3 tons/day from institutional sector.(
Characterization and Quantification of Municipal Solid Waste in Jeetpur Simara Sub- Metropolitan
City, Nepal, Bikash Adhikari, 2017).

4.3.1 Demographic Structure

The population trend line is as shown in Figure 2.3. According to the census of 2011, out of the total
population of 687,708; 351,244 were male and 336,464 were female. Total number of household is
108,635 and average household size is 6.33 on the basis of usual place of residence. Sex ratio (No. of
male per 100 female populations) is 104.4 and population density 578 per km2. The main languages
spoken in Bara are Bhojpuri, Bajjika, Maithili and Nepali.

Figure 11 :Population growth trend in Bara (CBS, 2011)

4.3.2 Caste and Ethnic Group

The project influence district is heterogeneous in terms of caste and ethnic composition, comprising
of more than 70 caste and ethnic groups. The majorities of the population in the project influence
area belong to Muslim (13.1%), followed by Yadav (10.5%) and Tharu (10.5%) respectively.
Similarly, Kanu, Ram, Braman-Hill, Teli, Tamang and Kurmi are other major ethnic groups in the
project District. The detail of the ethnicity of people living in the project influence district is
presented in the table below:

Table 9 :Caste/Ethnicity of Bara District

Percentage
Ethnicity / Caste Total
(%)
Musalman 89,834 13.1
Yadav 72,253 10.5
Tharu 71,993 10.5
Kanu 33,030 4.8

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 27
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Percentage
Ethnicity / Caste Total
(%)
Koiri/Kushwaha 30,644 4.5
Chamar/Harijan/Ram 30,170 4.4
Brahman – Hill 29,692 4.3
Teli 28,338 4.1
Tamang 27,809 4.0
Kurmi 27,067 3.9
Dusadh/Pasawan/Pasi 20,974 3.0
Kalwar 20,271 2.9
Dhanuk 19,875 2.9
Chhetree 18,872 2.7
Bin 11,197 1.6
Kumhar 10,585 1.5
Musahar 9,639 1.4
Nuniya 9,374 1.4
Dhobi 8,136 1.2
jam/Thakur 8,122 1.2
Sonar 7,300 1.1
Lohar 7,246 1.1
Magar 6,758 1.0
Tatma/Tatwa 6,355 0.9
Other 82174 11.9
Total 687,708 100
Source: CBS, 2011

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 28
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

4.3.3 Mother Tongue

There are more than 40 different languages spoken by the people of Bara District, majorities of
which speak Nepali (30.6%) followed by Hindi (17.0%) and Bhojpuri (3.2%). Urdu, Tharu, etc
are other languages used by the people of the project area. The following table shows the
scenario of variety of languages spoken as mother tongue by the people in the project influence
Bara District.
Table 10: Mother Tongue of Bara District
Mother tongue Population Percentage (%)
Nepali 210,440 30.6
Hindi 116,685 17.0
Bhojpuri 21,830 3.2
Urdu 6,597 1.0
Tharu 6,503 0.9
Others 1876 0.3
Total 687,708 100.0
Source: CBS, 2011

4.3.4 Religion
In the project area, majority of the people practice Hindu (81.7%), Buddhist (4.5%) and Islam
(13.0%), Christianity (0.2%) as their religion.

Table 11: Population by Religion in the Project Development Districts

Religion Population Percentage (%)
Hindu 562081 81.7%
Buddhist 31142 4.5%
Islam 89686 13.0%
Christian 1621 0.2%
Kirati 1290 0.2%
Others 1888 0.3%
Total 687708 100.0%
Source: CBS, 2011

4.3.5 Education and Literacy

About 52.0% populations of project area are literate. The ratio of literacy population male is
(62.79%) and female is (40.67%).

Table 12: Literacy Status of Bara District

Population who
Literacy not Literacy
Gender Can read & Can't read & stated Rate (%)
write Can read only write
Both Sex 316551 18345 273830 494 52
Male 195448 9270 106556 190 62.79
Female 121103 9075 167274 304 40.67
Source: CBS, 2011

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 29
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

4.3.6 Institutions
Health
Bara district has a district hospital, along with 4 Public Health Care Centers, 11 Health Posts, 83
Sub-Health Posts, 297 Public Health Care outreach clinics, 492 Expanded Programme on
Immunization clinics, 884 Female Community Health Volunteers, and 2 private sectors. Despite
of a number of challenges in the health sector, health service seeking behavior has gradually
increased, maternal and neonatal mortality rates have decreased and coverage by immunization
and safe motherhood services have improved (CBS, 2012).

Communication
Most rural/urban municipalities in Bara have one or more communications options: landline,
CDMA, GSM mobile or V-SAT telephones. The district has easy access to various national daily
and television. Landline connections also provide internet access to government offices and
NGOs located in district. Mobile phones have also become a good source of internet recently.
Most people have a mobile phone equipped with one or more SIM-cards. The district has few
FM stations and local newspapers which publish from district headquarter (CBS, 2012).

Energy
The major source of energy in the district is fuel wood and electricity. Agriculture residue and
cattle dung (briquette) are also used in rural areas for cooking purpose and kerosene for lighting
where there is less access to LPG and electricity. LPG are used for cooking purpose in urban
areas while electricity for lighting purposes. The use of LPG is considerably high and BSP has
launched several projects for the instalment of biogas plants which have made the accessibility of
energy a lot simpler and easier (CBS, 2011).

4.3.7 Usually Active and Inactive Population

As per the census of 2011, 30.63% of the total population is economically active population.
Agriculture is the major occupation in the project district. However, significantly high percentage
of people is engaged in general work as skilled and semi-skilled manpower in small industries,
agriculture and miscellaneous sectors. Besides that, business and services are also the important
sector of economy in the project district.

Table 13: Usually Active and Inactive Populations

Male Female
Status
Population Percentage (%) Population Percentage (%)
Economically Active 156866 44.66 53741 15.98
Economically Inactive 194378 55.34 282,723 84.02
Total 351,244 100 336,464 100
Source: CBS, 2011

4.3.8 Drinking water and sanitation

Majority of population (88.58%) in the project influence district are facilitated drinking water
system. But water supply is not sufficient enough to fulfill the water demand of the people of the
project area. Only 19.06% population people are facilitated form Sanitation coverage. The water
quality report is enclosed in Annex IX of this document.

Table 14: Drinking water and sanitation

Drinking Water Supply Sanitation Coverage
Population Percentage Population Percentage

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 30
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

416668 88.58 132251 19.06

Source: (NDWSO) 2011

4.3.9 Industries around the Project Site

Simara is industrial area. There are many industries in Simara. The North of the Construction site
has Surya Nepal Cigratte Factory and away from it is Jagdamba Steels Pvt. Ltd. On Eastern Part
is the airport. On South, there is Shalimar Cement P. Ltd. and Unitech Cement Pvt. Ltd. There
are no factories on West part.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 31
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

CHAPTER V: RELEVANT POLICIES, LEGISLATIONS, GUIDELINES AND STANDARDS

Government of Nepal has adopted various plans, policies, acts, guidelines and standards to ensure
the maximum protection of the environment while carrying out the development activities. The
different plans, policies, acts, guidelines and standards related to the implementation of the proposed
project are described below:

5.1 Constitution
Constitution of Nepal
The constitution of Nepal focuses on raising the standards of living of the general public. The
constitution asserts that; The State shall pursue a policy of raising the standards of living of the
general public through the development of infrastructures such as education, health, housing and
employment of the people of all regions, by equitably distributing investment of economic
investment for the balanced development of the country.

5.2 Plan, Policies and Strategies

Fifteen Plan (2076/77-2080/81)

Environmental problems identified by the Fifteenth Plan Approach paper include: imbalance
between infrastructure development and environment; lack of coordination among three tiers of
government, industries, research organizations, and other stakeholders; and increase in air, noise,
water, and land pollution due to weak implementation capability.
One of the main objectives of 15thPlan is to maintain balance between physical infrastructure
development and natural environment. The Plan’s strategy to achieve such balance is to make
environmental impact assessment (EIA) and impact minimization inseparable part of infrastructure
development. The implementation policy is to make guidelines for EIA broad and practical. The Plan
also aims to make EIA approval process simple and transparent. The Plan also proposes to set aside
specific percentage of budget for the minimization of adverse environmental impacts in EIA reports
itself.

National Land Policy, 2071 BS

The ministry of land reform and management launched this policy to ensure the optimum use of land
and fragmentation and aims to encourage optimal use of land for agriculture. The policy also talks of
adopting land pooling concept to acquire land for development projects. Since, the BGR is using the
private land; this project does not attract the objective of the policy.

National Urban Policy, 2064 BS

The National Urban Policy came with an objective to promote healthy, liveable, safe, and
economically vibrant urban environment though planned provision of infrastructure services,
facilities and amenities, which ensure improved quality of life of urban people.

National Climate Change Policy, 2076 BS

This policy includes climate adaptation and disaster risk reduction; low carbon development and
climate resilience; access to financial resources and utilization; capacity building, peoples’
participation and empowerment; study, research, technology transfer, climate friendly natural
resources management and institutional set up with legal provisions, and importance of monitoring
and evaluation.

National Plan of Action for Safer Building Construction, 2072 BS

The overall objective of the National Plan of Action for Safer Building Construction (SBC) in Nepal
is develop a common conceptual and strategic framework that helps to identify the necessary inputs
and actions for contributing to safer urban/semi-urban building constructions against time and
Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd
Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 32
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

resources. There are 10 Main goals which are streamlined and 16 Strategies are adopted to
accompany these goals.

Main Goals of National Plan of Action for Safer Building Construction (SBC) are:

 Immediate Response to Recent Disaster

 Policies and Regulation
 Codes and Guidelines (Drafting and Revision)
 Risk Sensitive Land Use Planning and Building Bye Laws
 Capacity Building
 Physical Facility Support
 Awareness, Education and Demand creation
 Internalization, adaptation and Enforcement
 Monitoring and Evaluation
 Retrofitting

National Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Sector Policy, 2065 BS

The goal of the National Urban Water Supply and Sanitation Policy is to ensure the socio‐economic
development, improved health status and quality of life of urban populations, including the
poor and marginalised, through the provision of sustainable water supply and sanitation
services and protection of the environment.
The Policy recognizes that the scope of urban water and sanitation services extends beyond fulfilling
the basic human needs, which aims towards achieving improved quality of life through providing
safe, reliable, adequate and enhanced services to the consumers. Compatible infrastructure,
appropriate institutional setup, rationalized cost recovery, favourable financing environment,
enhanced people’s participation and their role in decision making and appropriate partnership with
the private sector are recognized as core elements towards achieving these objectives in a sustainable
manner. The policy also aims to adopt measures to safeguard the environment and emphasizes
achieving a balance with other competing uses of water through adoption of demand and discharge
management measure.

Labour and Employment Policy, 2062 BS

The long-term goal of the Labour and Employment Policy 2062 is to provide productive, non-
discriminatory, exploitation-free, decent, safe and healthy work opportunities for citizens of the
working ages by building an environment of friendly investments, in addition to building and
managing a labour market that contributes to the national economy so that it can compete at the
global level.

Nepal Environmental Policy and Action Plan (NEPAP) 2049 BS

Under the auspices of the National Planning Commission, the Nepal Environmental Policy and
Action Plan (NEPAP) have been prepared. The NEPAP is part of government's continuing efforts to
incorporate environmental concerns into the country's development process. It reviews current
government policy on the environment; formulates new policy, where it is needed; and suggests an
action agenda to address environmental problems. The NEPAP has also been prepared in response to
the growing global awareness about the importance of maintaining a balance between economic
development and environmental conservation, which culminated in the United Nations Conference
on Environment and Development in 1992. The NEPAP document indicated infrastructure projects
have the potential for imposing significant environmental costs if they are not properly designed and
implemented. It has also suggested that the use of Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) that can
help identify adverse environmental impacts and propose remedial actions. NEPAP also emphasized
greater involvement of local people as prerequisite for improving design and implementation.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 33
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

National Environment Policy, 2076 BS

This policy has proposed to punish with a fine up to NRs. 5 -10-50 Lakh for the implementation of
any proposal without approval of the 'brief environmental study', Initial Environmental Examination
(IEE) and Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) reports or any act contrary to these approved
reports. The concerned agency shall issue directives to comply with the approved reports and the
agency shall punish 3 times of the above provisions for any act contrary to the directive issued. This
punishment is 50 times more than the existing provision of the Environment Protection Act (EPA),
1996

5.3 Acts
Environment Protection Act 2076 BS
In section 2 of the EPA, 2076 has calls for carrying out IEE or EIA for the prescribed proposals. In
sub section 13 of section 2 said Act prohibits the proponents not to execute the projects without
approving IEE/EIA reports. In section 3 said about the pollution control, section 4 said about the
climate change managemet.in section 6 about the penalty and compensations.

Consumer Protection Act 2075 BS

Consumer protection act 2075 is the legal provisions relating to consumer protection in order to
protect and promote constitutional rights of the consumers to obtain quality goods and services, to
provide judicial remedy for the enforcement of the rights obtained by the consumers, and provide
compensation for harm and injury likely to be caused to the consumers.

Town Development Act 2045 BS

The act empowers town development committee to regulate, control or to prohibit any act or activity
that has an adverse impact on public health or the aesthetic of the town, or in any condition pollutes
the environment. Permission of the Municipality will be taken for the construction works for the
complex.

Building Act 2055 BS

The Building Act was enacted to make necessary provisions for the regulation of building
construction works in order to protect building against earthquake, fire and other natural calamities,
to the extent possible. Section-3 of the act lays the ground for Formation of Building Construction
Management Upgrading (Consolidation) Committee under the chairmanship of Secretary of
MOPPWTM. The committee consists of nine members. Section-4 enlists the power, duties and
responsibilities of the committee and they include: To regulate building construction works in order
to minimize the possible loss to buildings from earthquake, fire and other natural calamities; To
inquire into whether approval of designs has been made in consonance with the standards set forth in
the building code; To make recommendation to the Nepal Quality Assurance Council to determine
the quality of native or foreign materials related with building construction. Section 8 classifies the
building and a building with plinth area of more than one thousand square feet, with more than three
floors including the ground floor or with structural span of more than 4.5 meters is classified to be
the building of Category "B". Section 10 of the act makes it obligatory to construct the building by
following the Building Code. Section 11 has the provisions relating to Design and Approval of
design/map of building while Section 12 Prohibits on approving Design/Map contrary to standards.
Section 13 of the act has the provision about the supervision of the building construction whereas
section 14 has the provision of punishment against the perpetrators and the punishment include the
stoppage of construction works and even the demolition of part or whole of the building.

The chapter 3 on prevention and control of pollutions of the EPR spells about prohibition to emit
waste in contravention of the prescribed standards (Rule 15) prescribed by the Ministry by a
notification publication in the Gazette. These provisions will followed by the proponent.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 34
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Local Government Operation Act, 2074 BS

This Act states the role of local bodies (Municipalities and Gaupalikas) in Nepal. The jurisdiction,
roles and responsibilities of personnel appointed in local bodies are clearly mentioned in this Act.
Local government has the following authorities as described in Chapter 3 under the heading “Local
Business Management, Environment Conservation and Biological Diversification (12-19)”:
 To prepare policy, law, standards and planning for the conservation of environment and
biodiversity and its implementation, monitoring and compliance.
 To mitigate the environmental impact at the local level.
 To control, monitor and compliance of environment polluting and hazardous substances at the
local level.
 To maintain cleanliness and solid waste management at the local level.
 To consider low carbon emitting and environment friendly development.
 To conserve and promote greenery area at the local level.
 To delineate and manage environment conservation area at the local level.
 Other work related to environment conservation and biological diversification

Labour Act, 2074 BS

This act is enforced in order to provide welfare ,rights and security to labor. This act also clarify the
rights and responsibility of labor. Without contract no one can make labor to work. If any contract to
labor is less than it is indicated in Labor act 2074 BS then it is against the act and contract will be
canceled. For construction worker according to labor act 2074 following provisions should be
followed: The required instrument machine and materials should be provided in adequate amount.
Construction of labor camp near the project site and provide all facility required Security within
construction site and labor site.

Solid Waste Management Act 2068 BS

The SWMA clearly envisaged about management of solid waste and provision of licensing for
management. In such case, the article (7) on discharge of solid waste entails about the person,
organization that produces hazardous waste or chemical waste shall have to manage such waste as
prescribed (sub article 2). It is restricted that nobody shall do or cause to do the work relating to the
solid waste management without obtaining license from the Local Body as prescribed by article 13
of chapter, miscellaneous sub article 1.

Child labor (Prohibition and Regulation) Act 2056 BS

The Child Labor (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 2056 is enacted and enforced adopting ILO
Convention concerning Elimination of Worst Forms of Child Labor and Minimum Age Convention.
This Act has defined the ‘Child’ as a person who has not achieved the age of 16 years. Article 3 bans
the employing a child below the age of 14 to work as a laborer and engaging a child in the hazardous
and risky works listed in the Schedule of the Act. The proponent is mandatory to follow the Child
Labor (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 2056 (2000) during the project implementation phase. The
contractor may use child labor during construction period. Hence, the contractor was instructed to
follow the Child Labor (Prohibition and Regulation) Act, 2056 (2000).

Companies Act, 2063 BS and amendments, 2073 BS

An Act made to amend and consolidate the law relating to companies; Preamble: Whereas, it is
expedient to amend and consolidate the law relating to companies in order to bring about dynamism
in the economic development of the country by promoting investment in the industry, trade and
business sectors through economic liberalization and make the incorporation, operation and
administration of companies much easier, simpler and more transparent; Incorporation of Company:
(1) Any person desirous of undertaking any enterprise with profit motive may, either singly or jointly
with others, incorporate a company for the attainment of one or more objectives set forth in the

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 35
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

memorandum of association. (2) There will be a minimum of seven promoters for the incorporation
of a public company. Provided, however, that seven promoters shall not be required for the
incorporation of another public company by any public company. (3) Notwithstanding anything
contained elsewhere in this Section, a company not distributing profits may, subject to the provisions
contained in Chapter-19, be incorporated for the attainment of one or more objectives.

5.4 Rules /Regulations

Environmental Protection Rules 2077 BS
Schedule 1 under Rule 3 of the EPR listed out the criteria of the development proposal that fits in to
conduct Pre IEE report prior to the implementation. Further forest sector of the schedule 2 also
mandate to conduct IEE study and approval as per the rule provisions for the removal of plants and
vegetation from forestland less than 5 ha. Schedule 3 of EPR has presented the criteria of project for
which EIA is required to have the construction license. As the report was submitted before the start
of EPR 2077; format for the EIA and IEE report is presented in Rule 5 and 6 of the EPR. 2054.
Environmental Protection Rules 2054 BS
Schedule 1 under Rule 3 of the EPR listed out the criteria of the development proposal that fits in to
conduct IEE report prior to the implementation. Further forest sector of the schedule 1 also mandate
to conduct IEE study and approval as per the rule provisions for the removal of plants and vegetation
from forestland less than 5 ha. Schedule 2 of EPR has presented the criteria of project for which EIA
is required to have the construction license. The format for the EIA and IEE report is presented in
Rule 5 and 6 of the EPR.
Solid Waste Management Regulation 2070 BS
Government of Nepal, Ministry of Federal Affairs and General Administration (MoFAGA) has
enacted Solid Waste Management Regulation 2070 as per the power conferred by the section 50 of
Solid Waste Management Act 2068. Rule three of the regulation has the provision about the
segregation and management of solid wastes. The rule legal obliges to segregate the hazardous and
chemical wastes while segregating the degradable and non-degradable waste at source. Sub-rule 2 of
Rule three requires the waste producing body to manage the chemical and hazardous waste by the
producers themselves. Rule 5 requires that the hazardous, chemical, degradable and non-degradable
waste should not be mixed together, that collection, deposition and handling of such wastes should
be carefully done. Rule 4 of the act mentions about the role of local government in disposal of solid
waste. Rule 24 has the provision that local authority can direct the waste producers to adopt the
measures and techniques for reduction the waste at source, to adopt the certain method for
minimizing the waste, to pay the fee in due time and sub-rule 3 of rule 24 obliges the waste
producers to follow such direction. Rule 25 of the regulation has the provision for monitoring of such
matters.
5.5 GUIDELINES
National EIA Guidelines 2050 BS
To address environmental impact assessment as envisaged by NCS, 1987, National Environmental
Impact Assessment (EIA) Guidelines were endorsed by Government of Nepal on 27 September 1992
and gazetted on 19 July in 1993, Volume 43, Number 5. The guideline provides criteria for project
screening and initial environmental examination (IEE). This also includes scoping, preparation of
terms of reference for EIA, methods of EIA report, impact identification and prediction, impact
mitigation measures, review of the draft EIA report, impact monitoring, evaluation of impact studies,
impact auditing, community participation and schedules and annexes to IEE and EIA.

5.6 STANDARDS
National Building Code 2060 B.S
The national building code of Nepal was endorsed in Government building after cabinet decision in
2060/4/12. The code was endorsed in all municipalities, districts head quarter RMs and urbanising
RMs in the country. The code deals primarily with the matters relating to the strength of the building

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 36
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

sites considerations safety during construction and fire hazards, construction materials, electrical
designs etc.
Air Emission Limits for Imported Generator into Ambient Air, 2069 BS
These standards prescribed for diesel fuelled vehicles primarily based on parameters such as carbon
monoxide, hydrocarbon, and oxides of nitrogen and particulate matters. It adopts EURO III Standard
to be followed for New Diesels Generator and Euro II for Existing Generator. The generators used
during project construction will follow these standards.
National Ambient Air Quality Standard, 2069 BS
The National Ambient Air Quality Standards, 2012 enforced by GoN has set quality standards for
seven parameters: TSP, PM10, sulphur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, carbon monoxide, lead and benzene
for the maintenance of the ambient air quality. The project during its construction and operation will
have to comply with the set standards for the ambient air quality.
National Diesel Generators Emissions Standard, 2069 BS
The then MoFE introduced in October 2012 the National Diesel Generator Emission Standard
(NDGES) for new and in-use diesel generators with a capacity of 8 kW-560 kW. In doing so they
followed the Indian standards for construction equipment rather than for diesel generators. Hence the
Nepal emission standards for new and in-use diesel generators are less stringent than in India. The
emissions standards set for new diesel generator imports is equivalent to Bharat Stage III standards
and, for in-use diesel generators, is equivalent to Bharat Stage II.
National Drinking Water Quality Standard, 2063 BS
Nepal's Drinking Water Quality Standards came into force in Nepal after its publication in Ministry
of Physical Planning and Works, Nepal Gazette (B.S. 2063/03/12). The standards provide the
maximum concentration limits of fifteen physical parameters, ten chemical parameters and two
micro germs for drinking purpose.
National Noise Standard, 2069 BS
The National Noise Standard 2012 that came into effect as per the rule 15 of Nepal Government
Environmental Protection Regulation 1997 that requires effective monitoring and collection of Day-
time and Night-time noise level permitted limits as in the following table.
Table 0.1 National Noise Level Standards for Nepal (table no.)
Area Permitted Noise Level (leg dBA)
Day time Night time
Industrial Area 75 70
Commercial Area 65 55
Rural Residential Area 45 40
Urban Residential Area 55 50
Mix Residential Area 63 55
Protected Area 50 40

Table 0.2 Maximum Noise Level Permission by Residential Equipment

Equipment Max. Noise Level
Water pump 65
Diesel Generator 90
Entertainment Equipment 70

Nepal Vehicle Mass Emission Standard, 2069 BS

Compliance to Type I to Type V tests for vehicles fuelled with gasoline and diesel while importing
vehicles for a project.
Occupational Health and Safety Management System- OHSAS 18001:2007
OHSAS 1800:2007 Occupational Health and Safety Management Certification is an international
standard which provides a framework to identify, control and decrease the risks associated with
health and safety within the workplace. Implementing the standard will send a clear signal to your
stakeholders that you view employee’s health and safety as a priority within your organization.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 37
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Tolerance Limits for Generic Industrial Effluent Standards Discharged into Public Sewers and
Inland Surface Water, 2060 BS
It has set tolerance limits for the industrial effluents to be discharged into the inland surface water.
Since the project is considered as an industry, it will have to comply with the tolerance limits the
standard prior to the discharge of the effluents into the inland surface water during the construction
and operation period.

5.7 INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS AND TREATIES

Convention on Biological Diversity 1992 AD
The objectives of this Convention, to be pursued in accordance with its relevant provisions, are the
conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components and the fair and equitable
sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources, including by appropriate
access to genetic resources and by appropriate transfer of relevant technologies, taking into account
all rights over those resources and to technologies, and by appropriate funding. Under the Article 14
of the convention, each contracting party should introduce appropriate procedures requiring
environmental impact assessment of its proposed projects that are likely to have significant adverse
effects on biological diversity with a view to avoiding or minimizing such effects and, where
appropriate, allow for public participation in such procedures.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 38
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

CHAPTER VI: IMPACT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROJECT ON THE

ENVIRONMENT

The identification and prediction of impacts has been made by the study team giving due
consideration to the proposed actions/activities during operation stages. Both beneficial and adverse
impacts have been analysed. The environmental impacts are evaluated on the basis of guidelines
given in the National EIA guidelines (1993), based on the magnitude, extent and duration of the
impact. Experts’ judgements and experiences from the similar projects have been adopted for the
qualification of the impacts. If an impact lasts up to 3 years it is termed as short term (ST). If an
impact continues for 3 to 20 years, it is termed as medium term (MT) and if it lasts beyond 20 years
as considered as long term (LT). The impact which will occurs inside the project is termed as site
specific (SS) and which goes up to ward level is termed as local (L) and which goes up to more than
two VDCs is termed as regional (R). Similarly the impact which is irreversible is termed as high (H),
which is in partly recoverable in long run is termed as moderate (M) and which is reversible is
termed as low (L). The impact which has direct effect is termed as direct (D) and which has indirect
effect is termed as indirect (I).

For the impact evaluation the matrix method with numerical ranking is used for the quantitative
ranking of the predicted impacts. The numerical scale mentioned in the National EIA Guidelines
(1993) has been adopted for this study. The numerical scale is presented in table below.

Table 18: Impact Evaluation Matrix

Magnitude Extent Duration
High (H) 60 Regional (R) 60 Long term (LT) 20
Moderate (M) 20 Local (L) 20 Medium term (MT) 10
Low (L) 10 Site Specific (SS) 10 Short Term (ST) 5

The combined score up to 44 is termed as insignificant impact (IS); 45-74 termed as significant
impact (MS) and beyond 75-99 is termed as very significant impact (VS) and 100 and more is
termed as highly significant.

6.1 Beneficial Impact

6.1.1 Construction Phase
Employment opportunity to locals
During the construction period the project requires 180 human resource that include skilled (30),
semi-skilled (30) as well as unskilled (120) human resource . Likewise, the project has a policy to
provide maximum local employment opportunities depending upon their skills and trainings specific
to construction works. The priority beneficiaries will be the interested locals of nearby settlement
from the project vicinity area. Hence, the project intends to generate the work for different skilled
and unskilled manpower during construction phase, which seems to attract the locals for the
employment and thus the employment opportunity will be high. The envisaged impact is high, local
and medium term.

Skill and knowledge development to locals

The project development involves different types of competent manpower like architect, engineers,
sub-engineers, painters, carpenters, sanitary fixers, welders, electrician etc. It can be a better
opportunity for them to develop skills and to learn new technologies and hence it seeks special

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 39
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

opportunity to enhance their skill and acquire more experiences. These human resources get chances
to enhance their capability in their respective field of expertise. Use of latest amenities in proposed
project also aware the workers about technological advancement in their sector. This will be positive
nodes to the employees for their future works. The envisaged impact is high, local and long term.

6.1.2 Operation Phase

Increase in cash flow in the project area
There will be increase in number of families (25 families in Phase II) after the operation of the
proposed project. The dwellers will go to market for shopping and other economic activities. The
envisaged impact is high, local and long term.
Boost in local economy
The Project operation will increase the daily activities of the local people. The demand of local
goods, markets, food and other basic requirement certainly increases at the project site. The large
number of population especially staff and their family will significantly increases the economic
transaction in and around the vicinity, which will attract people to migrate around the area. This will
lead to urbanization of the area and will improve the socio – economic status of the local people. The
envisaged impact is high, local and long term.
Employment opportunity to locals
For the operation of the project, Numbers of staff are required to regulate building. This will provide
the opportunities to some human resources (about 10-20). The project generates opportunity for
plumbers, welders, electrical technicians, management staffs, security guards, cleaners etc. in a long
run. Furthermore, the time to time maintenance of the ancillaries’ parts in the building creates short
term jobs for the technicians. The envisaged impact is high, local and long term.

Cultural exchange
The operation of the project will increase the flow of people in the project area. Because of the
people belong to different origin and culture, there is possibility to exchange the cultures among
themselves during different times of year. The envisaged impact is low, local and long term.
Increase in land and property value in project areas
The value of land and property depends upon the level of urbanization, infrastructure and the facility
accessibility. After the project operation the land value in the project area is predicted to go up
rapidly with the increase in economic activities in the area. This will benefit the local people and
help to improve their socio economic status. The envisaged impact is medium, local and long term.

6.2 Adverse Impact

6.2.1 Physical Environment
6.2.1.1 Construction Stage

Change in land use

The construction of the project will bring change in the existing land use of the area. The land use
change impacts are permanent as well as temporary. The permanent land use conversion will be due
to the construction of building, park and health club. Likewise, the storage of construction materials
and muck from excavation process may change the land temporarily but will be reversed to previous
state. The envisaged impacts are low, site specific and long term.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 40
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Air, water and soil Pollution

During the construction phase, there will be increase in air, water and soil pollution. Use of
transportation vehicles during the construction period will have certain increase in the air pollution.
Likewise, excavation works, wastes generated by the construction workforce will increase the water
and soil pollution. Besides, the temporary toilets of construction workers have potential to pollute
nearby shallow aquifers with faecal contamination. The envisaged impact is characterized as
moderate, local and short term.

Noise pollution
Machineries used during construction activities, vehicles carrying construction materials and
operation of power supply and drilling equipment causes noise pollution in the project area.
Increased noise levels in the project areas have potential to cause discomfort due to interference in
oral communication and disturbance in sleep. The construction activities include:
Operation of DG sets, concreting and mixing
Excavation for foundations with driller (if used);
Conversation of construction workers.
Batching plant and vehicle movement.
The envisaged impact is characterized as moderate, site specific and short term.

Spoil disposal related impact

Heavy equipment are available and the contractors will make use of heavy equipment for
dismantling the batching plant and site office. As all equipment belong to the contractor, they will
take the same hence no spoil will remain.
The spoil generated during the construction period will raise the impacts of waste management
problems which will temporarily burden the project environment. The spoil and muck disposed
during these activities will be managed within the project premises. The envisaged impact is
characterized as low, site specific and short term.

Stock piling of construction materials

The stockpiling of construction materials during the construction stage may lead air and water
pollution. The materials will be kept within the project premises with in a small hut. However, the
sand, stones etc. used for the construction stage will be kept in open space. The envisaged impact is
characterized as low, site specific and short term.

Water quantity/quality related impacts

Water requirements will be fulfilled through ground water, during the construction stage. The total
water requirement during the construction phase will be supplied by ground water extraction.
Besides, temporary toilet practiced by the construction workers if unmanaged could have potential of
ground water and surface water pollution. The envisaged impact is characterized as low, site specific
and short term.

Top soil management impacts

As the project construction site is a gentle land, there is no significant impact regarding the top soil
management. But the changes in relief and slope of the land during large scale construction have
potential to top soil degradation during rainy season. The storage and management of top soil is not a
great problem but during the rainy season, heavy rain may erode and take away the top soil. The
envisaged impact is characterized as low, site specific and short term.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 41
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Drainage management impacts

The construction site is a flat land. Due to change in land use through the construction of new
facilities for building faces difficulty in drainage management. Drain system is in place and the same
leads to Royal Rivulet running through SNPL land. The envisaged impact is characterized as low,
site specific and long term.

Traffic obstruction impacts

Road and traffic problems increase as there is increase in the flow of vehicles. During the
construction phase there will be more numbers of vehicles crossing the road than the current
situation. As the proposed project is located on side of the Tribhuvan Highway of Nepal, this may
lead road and traffic obstruction. The envisaged impact is characterized as low, site specific and
short term.

Impacts related to health and safety

During construction, temporary settlements and toilet facilities are needed for the construction
workers. Solid and liquid wastes resulted from these settlements have the potential to disrupt onsite
sanitation. Similarly, frequent visit of construction workers near water resources for washing clothes,
bathing and other activities will create pressure in local water and even challenge the health and
safety status. Besides, health and safety impacts of construction workers are also important
parameters of concern during construction activities. The envisaged impact is characterized as low,
site specific and short term.

Waste management impacts

The solid waste is also generated by the construction works. The Solid waste per day is 15 kgs and
liquid waste is 30 litres, while there will be 6 numbers of toilets are built for them. Two camps will
be outside the project site (On hired premises).

The building will properly manage the liquid, solid and gaseous wastes. For the management of solid
waste source segregation will be practiced, the segregated waste will be managed by 3 R principles.
The organic waste will be managed properly and composting will be done, the compost will be used
in garden and distributed in the community. The final waste which can't be treated within the
premises will be handed over the Jitpur Simara sub-Metropolitan city for the ultimate management of
wastes.

6.2.1.2 Operation Stage

Impacts of solid, semi-solid and liquid wastes
Various types of wastes are generated during the operation of the project. Degradable wastes are
generated in higher percentage which includes food waste, black water and grey water. These
degradable wastes could also be solid, semi-solid and liquid wastes. Due to the ill management of
these wastes and local dumping, bad smell to local people, shallow aquifer pollution and diseases can
be caused. Therefore, the disposal of solid, semi-solid and liquid wastes is of major concern. The
envisaged impact is characterized as moderate, site specific and long term.

Indoor Air pollution

The poor air quality within and around the building affect the health, comfort and well beings of the
building occupants. Indoor Air Quality can be affected by gases (including carbon monoxide, second
hand smoke, volatile organic compounds), particulates, microbial contaminants (mold, bacteria), or
any mass or energy stressor that can induce adverse health conditions. The envisaged impacts is
direct in nature with high magnitude, site specific and long term.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 42
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Water quality and quantity related impacts

There will be the flow of dwellers and guest after the operation of the building which will require
large amount of water. And this requirement will be fulfilled by the extraction of ground water. But
the extraction of water in high rate would certainly affect the ground water level. Besides, the
effluent released will also be high which is comparatively difficult to manage. If the management of
such black and grey water from the processes is not properly addressed, it will have potential to
affect the ground water quality. The magnitude of the impact will be low, the extent will be site
specific and the duration will be long term.

Higher energy requirements impacts

The project will be connected to electricity grid for fulfil energy requirements. But generators will be
used during the load shedding hours to supply power for various processes. The use of energy
sources by dwellers. The envisaged impact is low, site specific and long term in nature.

Fire hazard
There is a possibility of fire hazard in the project area. This may be due to electricity short-circuit or
due to the negligence. The envisaged impact is medium, site specific and short term.

Air, water, noise, soil pollution

Air pollution during the operation phase is mainly due to transportation vehicles and generators.
Similarly, water pollution and soil pollution may be due to ineffective management of solid and
semi-solid and liquid wastes. The envisaged impact is high, local and long term.

Traffic congestion, obstruction

The dwellers will have their own private transportation. Though not significant, it will increase
traffic volume in the area. The traffic obstruction at Jeetpur-Simara road junction will have some
obstruction which will be managed.

Drainage management
The drainage from the toilet and kitchen waste water will have significant impact. As those wastes
are directly discharged to the municipal waste water system, the envisaged impact is low, site
specific and short term. Emergency assembly point and procedure available. They are given basic
training. The facility is equipped with fire detection and alarm system. Public address system is
available. Emergency evacuation procedure is available.

Disaster management related impacts

The probability of occurring natural and artificial disaster couldn’t be ignored. Disasters like
earthquake, fire, etc. are important aspects considered in the project. There are possibilities of fire
hazard in the project. This may be due to electricity short-circuit or due to the negligence of the
guests. These hazards preventing and controlling measures if not applied by the project, it may cause
various social and environmental problems. The envisaged impact is low, site specific and long term.

Shading effect
The project on implementation obstructs sunlight to the peripheral agricultural land and the effect is
permanent in nature. Construction of the apartment could alter the climatic requirements of the crops
to be harvested like sunlight, wind, rainfall etc. This effect in long run can change the microclimate
of the area and therefore alters the productivity even though in lesser extent. The envisaged impact is
medium, site specific and long term.

6.2.2 Biological Environment

6.2.2.1 Construction Phase & Operational Phase
Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd
Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 43
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

As the project area is a grass land, the beauty of that area decreases due to construction activities.
The envisaged impact is low, site specific and short term.

6.2.3 Socio-economic and cultural environment

6.2.3.1 Construction Phase
Conflict and dispute
There can be the impacts of conflict, disputes and demands during the pre-construction phase. The
locals may put forward their demands of local development and community management. The
envisaged impact is low, site specific and short term.

Ethnic conflict of local with workers

The human resources for the construction of the proposed project may be from the different place
following different ethnicity which can cause ethnic conflicts among construction workers and
locals. People or groups of other ethnicity may intrude their own values and practices against the
local norms and values. This has the potential to create ethnic conflicts among the groups. The
envisaged impact is low, site specific and long term.

Haphazard market growth

Along with the project construction, there is a possibility of haphazard market growth around the
project area. The pressure is felt mainly in the areas close to the project construction sites. The
envisaged impact is low, site specific and long term.

Health and sanitation in and around project sites

During the construction phase, the project area will have numerous workers. Improper management
of drinking water facilities and sanitation of the workers may create disputes among the locals and
the project workers. The envisaged impact is moderate, site specific and short term.

Pressure on utilities, infrastructures

With the influx of large numbers of labours and other workforce during construction stage, there will
be pressure in local resources especially local water supply tube wells, and other infrastructures like
shops, hotels, hospitals etc. The envisaged impact is low, site specific and short term.

Occupational health and safety of workers

During the construction of the proposed project, there will be increase in air and water pollution. The
labours working continuously in the dusty place can have the acute respiratory problems. Likewise,
the negligence of workers during the construction period gives rise to occupational health hazards.
During the construction period helmets, gloves, standard ropes wires etc. are must be used.
Recklessness in the project construction activities may also result the damage of health and even the
life of the worker. Operation of various machineries and some risky activities might also have
potential of accidents. The envisaged impact is moderate, site specific and short term.

Trespassing, nuisance to nearby and surrounding community of construction site

Breaking moral and social laws especially by lower workers, intruding in others private lifestyle and
irritating other by their personal activities are also common impacts nearby construction sites.
Therefore, the impact envisaged is moderate, site-specific and short term in nature.

6.2.3.2 Operational Phase

Occupational safety and health hazards
The operation of the project requires several human resources. While working in the Building, there
will be the chance of fire and other occupational diseases. Hence, this will raise the impacts related
to the occupational health and safety. The envisaged impact is low, site specific and long term.
Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd
Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 44
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Pressure on existing infrastructure

The increase in number of people in the project area will increase the pressure on the existing
resources and the infrastructures of the project area. The envisaged impact is medium, site specific
and medium term.

Health and sanitation related impacts in and around the Residence Apartment
Though the apartment treats the waste water and the solid waste generated, but due to generation of
the higher amount of the waste can cause the water clogging in the drainage system. This will cause
the growth of flies and diseases. This will affect the health of the people residing near the apartment
complex. The envisaged impact is medium, site specific and short term.

Haphazard market growth

Along with the project operation, there is a possibility of haphazard market growth around the
project area focusing the guests of the project. The pressure is felt mainly in the areas close to the
project sites. The envisaged impact is medium, site specific and long term.

Impacts related to safety and security

Impacts of the safety and security will also be raised due to the dense population of the area. There
will be chance of increasing crime, theft and robbery. Likewise, there is chance of having injuries to
the guests in the apartment. The envisaged impact is medium, site specific and medium term.

In flow of different people with multi ethnicity, culture, religion

Influx of people from varied ethnicity and geographical religion visiting the project will have effect
on the local culture, law and order of the community. These pressures are felt in areas close to the
project site. The envisaged impact is moderate, site specific and long term.

Changes in pattern of economic activities

The pattern of the economic activities of the people residing near the Residence Apartment can also
be changed. There will be chance of increasing the restaurant; shopping centres etc. and the people
can change their occupation according to the need. The envisaged impact is medium, site specific
and medium term.

Grievances management
Along with the project operation the locals of the area may have complain on different activities of
the project. This may include the complaints on pollution, social activities, conflicts among the locals
etc. The envisaged impact is low, site specific and long term.

The above impacts are of two types i.e. identified and predicted. These impacts have been evaluated
to know their environmental significance taking into consideration the location of the project, direct
or indirect nature, reversibility and irreversibility of the impacts, and more importantly the national
policy, law and guidelines. Furthermore, they have been grouped into identified and predicted
impacts for easy understandings. In general direct impacts are identified, and indirect impacts
predicted. The significance of the impacts has been evaluated using the symbols Very significant (+
+), significant (+), and insignificant (-).

Impacts having total score of over 70 are considered very significant; impacts having 40- 70 score
are considered significant, and impacts having total score less than 40 are considered insignificant
for Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 45
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Table 19: Evaluation of the beneficial impact of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya
Nepal Pvt.
Project Nature of Impacts Significance of
Impacts
Activity Type Magnitude Extent Duration Impact
Beneficial Impact
Employment opportunity to locals Very
D H (60) L (20) MT (10)
Significant
Construction

Skill and knowledge development to

Very
locals D H (60) L (20) LT (20)
Phase

Significant

Increase in cash flow in the project Highly

D H (60) L (20) LT (20)
area Significant
Highly
Boost in local economy D H(60) L(20) LT(20)
significant
Operation Phase

Highly
Employment opportunity to locals IN H (60) L(20) LT(20)
Significant
Cultural exchange between locals
IN L (10) L (20) LT (20) Significant
and dwellers
Increase in land and property value
D M (20) L (20) LT (20) Significant
in project areas

Table 30: Evaluation and prediction of the Adverse Impacts

Magnitude
Duration
Indirect

S.N Environmental Impacts Impacts Significance

Direct /

Impact

Extent

Physical Environment
A. Construction Phase
A.1 Adverse Impacts
A.1. SS LT L (40)
Change in land use Change in land use pattern D
1 (10) (20) (10) Insignificant
A.1. Increased air, water and L ST M (45)
Air, water and soil Pollution D
2 soil pollution (20) (5) (20) Significant
A.1. SS ST M (35)
Noise pollution Increased noise level D
3 (10) (5) (20) Insignificant
A.1. Increased burden of spoil SS ST L (25)
Spoil disposal related impacts D
4 management (10) (5) (10) Insignificant
Erosion and sedimentation
A.1. Stock piling of construction and air, water and land SS ST L (25)
D
5 materials pollution from piled up (10) (5) (10) Insignificant
construction materials
A.1. Water quantity/quality related Decrease of ground water SS ST L (25)
D
6 impacts quantity and quality (10) (5) (10) Insignificant
Energy shortage both
A.1. SS ST L (25)
High energy consumption hydroelectricity and D
7 (10) (5) (10) Insignificant
petroleum
A.1. SS ST L (25)
Top soil management impact Erosion of top soil I
8 (10) (5) (10) Insignificant
A.1. SS LT L (40)
Drainage management impacts Water logging problem D
9 (10) (20) (10) Insignificant
A.1. Increased number of SS ST L (25)
Traffic obstruction impacts D
10 vehicles in the road (10) (5) (10) Insignificant

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 46
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Magnitude
Duration
Indirect
S.N Environmental Impacts Impacts Significance

Direct /

Impact

Extent
Problems regarding
occupational safety and
A.1. Impacts related health and SS ST L (25)
health of workers, ill D
11 safety (10) (5) (10) Insignificant
sanitation in and around
the construction site
Water, air and land
A.1. SS LT M (50)
Waste management impacts pollution, disease I
12 (10) (20) (20) Insignificant
outbreak

B. Operation Stage
B.1 Adverse Impacts
B.1. Impacts of solid, semi-solid Water, air and land SS LT M (50)
D
1 and liquid wastes pollution (10) (20) (20) Significant
B.1. Poor air quality inside the SS(1 LT( H(6 (90) Very
Indoor Air Pollution D
2 building 0) 20) 0) Significant
Loss of groundwater,
B.1. Water quantity and quality SS LT L (40)
degradation of water D
3 related impacts (10) (20) (40) Insignificant
quality
B.1. Higher energy requirements Increased electricity and SS LT L (40)
D
4 impacts petroleum demands (10) (20) (10) Insignificant
B.1. SS ST( M (35)
Fire Hazard Injury to employees D
5 (10) 5) (20) Insignificant
B.1. Increased air, water and L LT M (60)
Air, water and soil pollution D
6 soil pollution (20) (20) (20) Significant
Increased vehicles in the
B.1. Traffic congestion and SS LT L (40)
road, increase probability D
7 obstruction (10) (20) (10) Insignificant
of road accidents
B.1. Shallow aquifer SS ST L (35)
Drainage Management D
8 deterioration (10) (5) (10) Insignificant
Loss of structures, lives,
B.1. SS LT L (40)
Disaster management impacts property, socio-economic D
9 (10) (20) (10) Insignificant
crisis
B.1. Change in microclimate, SS LT L (40)
Shading effect D
10 loss of productivity (10) (20) (10) Insignificant
Biological Environment
A Construction Phase
A.1 Adverse Impacts
A.1. SS ST L (25)
Loss of grass land Decrease in local beauty I
1 (10) (5) (10) Insignificant
Socio-economic and cultural Environment
A. Construction Phase
A.1 Adverse Impacts
A.1. Difficulties in project SS ST L (25)
Conflicts and disputes I
1 operation (10) (5) (10) Insignificant
A.1. Ethnic conflicts with local Difficulties in project SS LT L (40)
I
2 workers operation (10) (20) (10) Insignificant
A.1. Pressure on environment S LT L (40)
Haphazard market growth I
3 and utilities (10) (20) (10) Insignificant
A.1. Health and sanitation in and SS ST M (35)
Increase in the diseases D
4 around project site (10) (5) (20) Insignificant
Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd
Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 47
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

A.1. Pressure on utilities, SS ST L (25)

Scarcity of resources D
5 infrastructures (10) (5) (10) Insignificant
A.1. Occupational health and safety Increase of diseases and SS ST M (35)
D
6 of workers accidents (10) (5) (20) Insignificant
Trespassing, nuisance to
A.1. nearby and surrounding Change in the local SS ST M (35)
I
7 community of construction site environment (10) (5) (20) Insignificant
including
A.1. Disputes among locals SS LT M (35)
Grievances management D
8 and project (10) (20) (20) Insignificant
B Operation Phase
B.1 Adverse Impacts
B.1. Occupational safety and health Increased in diseases and SS LT L (40)
I
1 hazards safety (10) (20) (10) Insignificant
B.1. SS LT M (50)
Undesirable migration Pressure on resources I
2 (10) (20) (20) Significant
B.1. Change in social behavior, Difficulties to maintain SS LT M (50)
I
3 increase in ill social activities law and order (10) (20) (20) Significant
Health and sanitation impacts Spreading of diseases due
B.1. SS ST M (35)
in and around the proposed to solid waste D
4 (10) (5) (20) Insignificant
apartment management problems
B.1. SS LT M (50)
Haphazard market growth D
5 (10) (20) (20) Significant
B.1. Impacts related to safety and SS MT M (40)
Injury to guests, locals D
6 security (10) (10) (20) Insignificant
Inflow of different people with
B.1. Loss of tribal cultures and SS LT M (50)
multi-ethnicity, culture, D
7 styles (10) (20) (20) Significant
religion
B.1. Change in pattern of economic More dependent on SS MT M (40)
I
8 activities other’s goods and services (10) (10) (20) Insignificant
B.1. Complains on project SS LT L (40)
Grievances management D
9 activities (10) (20) (10) Insignificant

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 48
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

CHAPTER VII: Alternative Analysis for the implementation of the proposal

The assessment of the alternative analysis of the proposal is evaluated based on the considerations of
the following impacts:
No action option
Project alternatives
Project location
Alternative design and construction approach
Alternative schedule and process
Alternative resources

7.1 No Action Option

Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. situated at Simara was set up in 1986 and makes cigarettes of various brand to
cater to domestic market. Since its inception, in a span of 28 years, the factory has multiplied many
folds in terms of volume, infrastructure and human resources. The infrastructure also includes
modern housing facility “Surya Niwas” for non-management cadre housing 149 families. The
managerial strength has also grown over a period and the number of young managers is in the
increase as the unit has already completed 28 years. Managers residing in the vicinity with their
family have always felt a need for housing facility in the absence of good living condition around
Simara. Managers coming from outside especially with family prefer to live in a known society for
security reasons. To provide basic housing facility to the new incumbents of managerial staff and to
their family the residential apartment has been envisaged. This will definitely help to retain the
young talents in Simara.

7.2 Project Alternatives

The project is targeted to facilitate managers and their family in a properly managed facilities and
security which is difficult to provide through small scale hotels and lodges. Also, large number of
small scale structures and facilities requires large resources than a single one. Therefore, alternative
of this project is not explored.

7.3 Project Location

The location of the project is found suitable for operating the proposal of the kind. The project is
easily accessible by inland and on air transport. The project is near Tribhuvan highway and near the
Simara airport. Environmentally, the project is located in the sound environment with peaceful area
with no any clustered on the vicinity of the project.

7.4 Alternative Design and Construction Approach

The proposed project has to be constructed in designated areas, so there is not much room for
spacious planning. Hence the design is prepared analysing constrains of the available land resources.
However the site drainage has been maintained. The site will not be affected by the flood.
The construction approach selected is labour based approach with minimum utilization of the
machine power. The approach is considered beneficial as it provides maximum job opportunity to
the local residing in the project area.

7.5 Alternative Schedule and Process

The construction activities will be both during day and night as per requirement without disturbing
the surrounding communities. Low polluting and low noise making machineries will be prioritized
for the project. The construction materials will be sourced from the Nepalese market through mutual
understanding of the project staffs and the local businessman. Considering the environmental factors,
no quarry activities will be performed for the extraction of construction materials.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 49
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

CHAPTER VIII: MATTERS CONCERNING THE PREVENTION OF THE IMPACT OF

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PROPOSAL ON THE ENVIRONMENT

Chapter VII has identified the impacts of the proposed Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya
Nepal Pvt. Ltd project and evaluates the impacts in without mitigation scenario. This section of the
report has prescribed the practical and cost effective mitigation measures to minimize and
compensate the effects of adverse impacts to acceptable level. The project proponent ensures to
implement these measures during the construction and operation of the project. To avoid descriptive
repetition the measures have been presented in tabular form against the envisaged impacts along with
the required cost estimations.

8.1 Physical Environment

8.1.1 Construction Phase
 Change in land use
The construction of the building in the grass land will definitely change the current land use pattern.
It will have the permanent effect of land use change. However, the plantation in the project site will
also add the beauty in the project outside. For the loss of grassland, there will be greenery
maintenance within the project site.
 Solid waste Management
The generated solid waste around the project site can be managed by the following ways:
 Generated wastes will be segregated
 Solid wastes will be reused
 Scraps to be sold
 Biodegradable will be disposed with municipal waste
 Air, water and soil pollution
During the construction of the apartment, there will be the problems of dust and air pollution.
Regular sprinkling of water in the construction sites can minimize the dust problems. Likewise, the
water and soil pollution will be minimized by the waste management system.
 Noise pollution
The construction works creates noises which cannot be mitigated. But the construction work that
generates the noise will be prohibited in the night time zone.
 Spoil disposal related impacts
The residues of the construction materials will raise the spoil management impacts. The spoil
generated will be piled at the certain place and later they will be compacted so that they cannot be
scattered at places. Wastes generated from the construction activities like plastic, metallic and plastic
drums, bottles, and other degradable if managed improperly causes waste management problems.
These wastes may be dumped around the vicinity of the road, settlement area and agriculture land.
Therefore, the envisaged impact is characterized as moderate, site specific and long term. The waste
generated will be as followed: Waste per day = 15 kgs per apartment phase 1; Waste per day = 12
kgs per apartment phase 2; Per flat 0.5 kg per flat per day
 Stock piling of construction materials
The pile of the construction materials that are placed at barren land which is in East side of the
factory, place will be covered by the plastics and tripal so that the materials would not be dispersed
by wind and would not have the problems of erosion and sedimentation.
 Water quantity/quality related impacts
The ground water extraction will be done as less as possible so that it would not deplete the ground
water levels. Likewise, the greenery will be maintained and protected so that the surface water will
percolated to the ground water through them. Besides, the water recharge zone will be conserved.
Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd
Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 50
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Water is being used from the rivulet running nearby. Entrapping 200 KL of rain water by the
company. Nearly 50% being used and 50% allowed for percolation for ground water recharge. 30
KL is being recycled and reused in building for toilet flushing and gardening. Used water is recycled
in STP and is used in gardening. All water is recycled and reused in the premises. SNPL has 57 acres
of land and only 50% land is used. Natural percolation of water happens. We have piezoelectric
(Well sounder) instruments for monitoring the ground water. Further, we do ground water check
every five year through external expert and is derived that water discharge is less than water recharge
hence aquifer is regenerating.
 Top soil management impacts
2000 cub meter soil will be excavated. All excavated soil being used as land fill up with compound
of the apartment. As 6 lane roads (Tribhuvan Highway) are being built up at higher level than ours
land, we hence use to fill up the apartment area land to do away with rain water accumulation.
 Traffic obstruction impacts
During the construction phase, there will be increase in the vehicles which transports the
construction materials to the project site which will create the traffic obstruction impacts. This will
be minimized by the use of experience drivers and traffic rules and signs. There will be parking
space for the managers living in the apartments and also for the visitors. Likewise, the safety signs
will be installed around the construction site.
 Impacts related to health and safety
Considering the health and safety of the workers, personal protection equipments such as helmets,
masks, gloves etc will be distributed to every worker.

8.1.2 Operation stage

 Impacts of solid, semi-solid and liquid wastes
For the management of the solid waste generated, training of waste management system will be
provided to the staffs, different dustbins will be used for degradable and non-degradable wastes and
the wasted collected will be transferred to municipal waste collection system. Similarly, for the
management of the sewage, all the soil water and waste water will catch at manhole located near duct
inside the building and then the soil water will be drained to septic tank and soak pit whereas, the
waste water will be drained to waste water treatment plant and the effluent after the treatment will be
disposed through appropriate size of pipe to nearby drainage. Solid waste per day = 15 kgs and liquid
waste = 30 liters, 6 numbers of toilets are built for them. Two camps are there outside the project site
(On hired premises). Heavy equipment are available and the contractors will make use of heavy
equipment for dismantling the batching plant and site office. As all equipment belong to the
contractor, they will take the same hence no spoil will remained. Currently, this project is providing
waste to municipality (50%). Bio degradable waste like vegetable peel off , food etc. are being
converted to vermi compost using the pit available for the purpose.

 Indoor air Pollution

Source control and ventilation are important components of a robust Indoor Air Quality plan in
residents through the maintenance of indoor ventilation, application of air purifier and maintaining
appropriate air change hours for the rooms. In order to control air conditions within the selected zone
in the room by the supply air and allow stratification of heat and contaminants in other room areas,
the zoning strategy is to be followed for the supply of fresh air. Fresh air requirements for naturally
ventilated spaces are treated differently. To keep carbon dioxide (CO2) levels to less than an average
1,000 ppm during the day a ventilation rate of 10 l/s/person is typically adopted .

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 51
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

 Water quality and quantity related impacts

For the recharge of the ground water, there will be plantation of trees and the open space will be
maintained for the recharge of the ground water. Similarly, to reduce the excessive water use, the
appliances that require less water such as less water flushing cistern in toilet will be used. Likewise,
there will be reuse of water like reusing water in gardens. The rainwater harvesting system will also
recharge the underground water. Less pavement and more greenery open space will help in
increasing the recharge the water table.

 Higher energy requirements impacts

After the operation of the apartments of Phase II, there will be increase in energy demand which will
be fulfilled by the installation of DG sets for lightning and heating.

 Fire hazard
The short circuit of the electric wires can cause the fire hazard. So, there will be installation of fire
alarms and emergency exit. Likewise, fire extinguisher will be placed at different places of the
building.

 Water demand and supply related impacts

Very wise use of water has been done so that waste can be minimized. Water once used will be
reused where ever possible. Similarly, rain water harvesting technique will be used to so that the
pressure on ground water can be reduced. Moreover, artificial aquifer recharge technique will be
adopted by constructing the recharge pit which will ultimately enhance the ground water recharge.

 Air, water, noise, soil pollution

Vehicles used in the Phase II will be kept in good condition so that vehicular pollution can be
reduced. Generators which contribute to both air and noise pollution will be selected considering its
efficiency and environment friendly design. This will not only reduce the pollution but also
contribute to reduction in excess fuel consumption. Waste water treatment facility will be adopted
within the apartment premises by adopting appropriate technique to reduce the contribution of
building for water pollution.

 Traffic congestion, obstruction

The operation of building will aid to the increase in vehicles will create the traffic obstruction
impacts. The traffic signs will be installed around the entry point of the apartment. Likewise, the
safety measures, sign boards will also be installed. The training to the in-house drivers will also be
given so that the vehicles of the apartment would not increase the traffic obstruction.

 Drainage management
The sewage generated will be collected at the septic that will later be treated by the sewage treatment
system. Then only it would be drained through appropriate size of pipe to nearby drainage system.
The drainage of the Rajkulo will not be disturbed and its natural flow will be maintained.

 Disaster management related impacts

The building will be constructed on the principle of earthquake resistant building so that the
earthquake has minimal impact on it. The design is in conformity with seismic zone V (Though

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 52
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Simara lies in Seismic zone IV, one step higher with additional cost impact to ensure human safety).
Likewise, provisions of eemergency and main staircase; provision of emergency assembly point;
emergency evacuation procedure and emergency organization structure; fire hydrant and smoke
detectors to signal the fire hazard at its nascent stage; smoke management system in case of fire;
provision of fire doors and fire separation to confine the propagation of fire from one zone to other;
aviation light at building top; provision of lightning protection and fire extinguisher as well as fire
exit signage.

 Shading effect
The shading effect caused by the construction of proposed is permanent and lacks mitigation
measures.

8.2 Biological Environment

8.2.1 Construction Phase
 Loss of productivity
The local productivity of the land is temporarily lost during the construction activity. There
are no any prominent mitigation measures but the effect of construction to nearby plots
should be decreased.

8.2.2 Operational Phase

 Permanent loss of agricultural productivity
The local productivity of the land is permanently loss due to the operation of the project. The
loss cannot be mitigated by using any mitigation measures.

8.3 Socio-economic Environment

8.3.1 Construction Phase
 Conflict and dispute
At the pre-construction stage, conflicts and dispute can be raised. The conflict and disputes will be
settled by compensating the local land owners according to current market price.

 Ethnic conflict of local with workers

The workers having the different ethnicity than the local people will strictly be told to respect the
local caste and religion so that the ethnic conflict can be minimized.

 Haphazard market growth

The locals will be discouraged to increase the markets around the construction sites. The locals will
be made aware about the disadvantages of the haphazard market so that the haphazard market
growth will be minimized.

 Health and sanitation in and around project sites

There will be construction of toilets around the construction sites so that the sanitation of the
environment will be managed. Likewise, the staffs and labours will be aware and trained about the
management of the wastes.
 Occupational health and safety of workers
Considering the health and safety of the workers, personal protection equipments such as helmets,
masks, gloves etc will be distributed to every worker.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 53
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

 Trespassing, nuisance to nearby and surrounding community of construction site

There will be strict order to follow the laws and rules to the workforce. The construction site will be
fenced by the wires so that the people cannot enter that site. Likewise, alcohol will be prohibited in
the construction site.

 Grievances management
There may be complains of the local people around the site about the project activities. There will
be consultation and discussion with the local people about the activities of the project and the locals
will be convinced by the benefits of the project in their area. There will be a proper system of
maintaining records of the complains and it will be directly informed to the concerned officers on
weekly basis.

8.3.2 Operation Phase

 Occupational safety and health hazards
The operation of apartments of Phase II, there will not have significant impacts on health of the
workers. But for the safety of the workers, personal protection equipment will be provided.

 Undesirable migration
After the operation of apartment, people from different places can migrate to that area for work
opportunities. The migration of the people cannot be mitigated by the apartment authorities.

 Pressure on existing infrastructure

The increase in number of people in an area will certainly increases the pressure on existing
infrastructures for which no mitigation measure can be proposed.

 Health and sanitation related impacts in and around the proposed apartment
The surrounding of the building will be made clean by regularly cleaning by sweeping. Likewise,
the waste management techniques will also help to maintain the health and sanitation in and around
the apartment premises.

 Haphazard market growth

The locals will be discouraged to increase the markets around the apartment premises. The locals
will be made aware about the disadvantages of the haphazard market so that the haphazard market
growth will be minimized.

 Impacts related to safety and security

For the safety and security of the guests in the apartment, there will be the facilities of security
persons. Likewise, the building premises will be fenced to avoid the trespassing.

Mitigation measures for the physical environments are presented in Table 21 for the construction
and operation phase as under in tabular matrix.

Proponent: Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd

Consultant: SCEC JV NRAC 54
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Table 21: Physical Environmental Matrix showing Impacts, Mitigation Measures and Costs
Environmental Time of Competent Mitigation Costs
S.N. Mitigation Measures
Impacts Action Authority/Agency (Rs)
A. Construction Phase
Change in land use No mitigation measure,
A.1 - - -
pattern residual impact
Sprinkling of water in
Increased air, the construction sites,
Construction
A.2 water and soil waste management Proponent 250000.00
Period
pollution within the project
boundaries
Prohibition of noise
Increased noise generating activities in Construction
A.3 Proponent -
level the night time zone Period
(19:00 to 6:00 hours)
Increased burden Included in
Compaction of piles of Construction
A.4 of spoil Proponent overall project
spoils Period
management cost
Erosion and
sedimentation Included in
Facilities of covering Construction
A.5 from stock piled Proponent overall project
during rainy season Period
construction cost
materials
Facilities of greenery
Construction Construction of
Decrease of areas and
A.6 and Proponent recharge pits : Rs.
ground water protection/conservation
operation 300000.00
of water recharge zones
Use of top soil in Construction
A.7 Erosion of top soil greenery management and Proponent -
in open space operation
Increased number Train drivers on traffic
Construction
A.8 of vehicles in the rules, installation of Proponent 100000.00
phase
road safety signs
Use of alternative Construction Included in
A.9 Energy shortage sources like generators, and Proponent overall project
solar operation cost
Construction of
drainages connecting to Construction
A.10 Water Logging Proponent 500000.00
rainwater harvesting phase
tanks
Distribution of Personal
Occupational Protection Equipments, Construction
A.11 Proponent 50000.00
Hazard safety signs, trainings phase
etc
B. Operation Phase
Construction of solid 2500000.00
waste management (The cost
system in the building, of water
source segregation, treatment
separation and and
Water, land management as per Operation
B.1 Proponent waste
pollution degradable and non- Phase
degradable wastes. The water
project will install the treatment
water treatment unit, is
waste water treatment included
unit within its premises. in the
Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd
Consultant: SCEC 55
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Environmental Time of Competent Mitigation Costs

S.N. Mitigation Measures
Impacts Action Authority/Agency (Rs)
Treatment Facility at overall
apartment: project
The apartment will cost)
install Automatic Water
Treatment Systems
which integrates some
of the highly advanced
techniques of
purification that ensure
99.9% of pyrogens,
viruses and bacteria
rejection in the output
water. In addition to
this, these systems also
separate out the
contaminants and non-
essential and corrosive
salts, metals, chemicals
and other impurities
completely from water.
The Process Involves :
 Sand &
activated
carbon
filtration,
Polishing,
Coagulation
 Micro cartridge
filters,
Chlorination,
Floculation
 Waste water
treatment
The Packaged Plant
Treatment System will
be installed this is a
type of biological
treatment for domestic
waste using the
extended aeration
process. Packaged
Plants are compact,
self-contained, and
factory prefabricated.
Plantation of trees and
maintain open space for
ground water recharge,
use of appliances which Included in
Loss of Operation
B.2 requires less water Proponent overall project
groundwater Phase
(examples; less water cost
flushing cistern in
toilet, reuse of water in
garden etc)
Increased Installation of solar
Operation
B.3 electricity and system (for light and Proponent 800000.00
Phase
petroleum heating)
Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd
Consultant: SCEC 56
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Environmental Time of Competent Mitigation Costs

S.N. Mitigation Measures
Impacts Action Authority/Agency (Rs)
demands
Maintain open space
and greenery, water Included in
Ground water conservation and water Operation Project cost, and
B.4 Proponent
depletion potential management techniques Phase construction
will be employed at the phase
apartment
Use of less noisy
Increased air,
generators, solid waste Operation Included in
B.5 water, noise and Proponent
management within Phase project cost
soil pollution
apartment premises
Visual
Tree plantation along
impacts/discomfort Operation
B.6 the boundary of the Proponent 100,000.00
to nearby residents Phase
apartment
of the apartment
Safety measures, sign
Increased vehicles Operation
B.7 boards, training to in- Proponent
in the road Phase 25,000.00
house drivers
Storm water Construction of
Operation Included in
B.8 management and drainages and Proponent
Phase project cost
water logging management
The apartment will be
built based on the
principle of earthquake
Disaster Operation In built in
B.9 resistant building , Proponent
management Phase construction cost
Installation of
emergency exit, fire
extinguishers etc
No mitigation measures
B.10 Shading effect
residual effect

Biological Environment
Mitigation measures for the biological environment are presented in table 22 for the construction and
operation phase as under in tabular matrix.
Table 22: Biological Environmental Matrix showing Impacts, Mitigation Measures and Costs
Competent
Environmental Time of Mitigation
S.N. Mitigation Measures Authority/Agenc
Impacts Action Costs (Rs)
y
A. Construction Phase
Impact is insignificant
as the income through
Temporary loss Constructio
A.1 the land after project -
of production n phase
overcomes the income
before the project.
B. Operation Phase
Impact is insignificant
as the income through
Permanent loss of Operation
B.1 the land after project -
production phase
overcomes the income
before the project.

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 57
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Socio-economic and cultural Environment

Mitigation measures for the socio-economic and cultural environment are presented in table 23 for
the construction and operation phase as under in tabular matrix.
Table 23: Socio-economic and cultural environment showing Impacts, Mitigation
Measures and Costs
Environmental Mitigation Time of Competent Mitigation
S.N.
Impacts Measures Action Authority/Agency Costs (Rs)
A. Construction Phase

Introduce local rules

and regulations to the
workforce and ask
them to strictly
follow
Pressure in social Help locals to operate Included in
Construction
A.1 services and small scale shops in Proponent overall
phase
infrastructures the area. project cost
Manage the waste
and sanitation within
the apartment
premises.

Pressure on Convince locals on

Construction
A.2 environment and the haphazard market Proponent No cost
phase
utilities disadvantages
Restrict workforce to
roam around and
Change in social Construction
A.3 enter in to personal Proponent No cost
behaviour phase
property of
neighbours
Compensate local
Difficulties in land owners Construction Included in
A.4 Proponent
project operation according to current phase Project cost
market price
Strict order to follow
Difficulties in laws and rules to the
Construction
A.5 management of workforce, Proponent No cost
phase
law and order prohibiting
alcoholism
Collaboration with
locals to fulfil the
demand by operating
Scarcity of shops and other Construction Included in
A.6 Proponent
resources facilities as required phase Project cost
during construction
phase of the
apartment
Construction of
toilets and
Increase in the Construction Included in
A.7 management of Proponent
diseases phase Project Cost
wastes, raising
awareness among

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 58
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Environmental Mitigation Time of Competent Mitigation

S.N.
Impacts Measures Action Authority/Agency Costs (Rs)
staff and labours
Monitor the work
force safety measures
Increase of Included in
are followed or not Construction
A.8 diseases and Proponent overall
regularly phase
accidents Project cost
Provide safe drinking
water
Encourage materials
haulers to follow
traffic rules and
Increase of control speed Construction Included in
A.9 Proponent
accidents especially near the phase Project Cost
settlements
Installation of
adequate safety signs
Change in the Restrict workforce to
Construction
A.10 local enter into personal Proponent -
phase
environment property
Restrict workforce to
move outside after
Safety of 20:00 hours, wearing Construction
A.11 Proponent -
workforce of helmets and gloves phase
during working
periods
Management of
wastes within the
Disputes among Included in
project premises Construction
A.12 locals and Proponent overall
Monitor workforce to phase
project project cost
follow local laws and
rules
B. Operation Phase
Increased
population
Operation
B.1 density with No measure Proponent -
phase
pressure on
resources
Pressure on
Operation
B.2 resources and No measure Proponent -
phase
infrastructures
Possibility of
Encourage guest to
impact on local Operation
B.3 praise local culture Proponent -
culture and phase
and practices
practices
Encourage dwellers
Impact in moral to strictly follow the
Operation
B.4 values and local moral values Proponent
phase
lifestyle and lifestyle when
appearing in public
Difficulties to Included in
Facilities of security Operation
B.5 maintain law and Proponent overall
persons phase
order project cost
Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd
Consultant: SCEC 59
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Environmental Mitigation Time of Competent Mitigation

S.N.
Impacts Measures Action Authority/Agency Costs (Rs)
Facilities of security
Included in
Injury to guests, persons, fencing Operation
B.6 Proponent overall
locals around the phase
project cost
construction site
Included in
Complains on Discussions with Operation
B.7 Proponent overall
project activities locals phase
project cost

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 60
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

CHAPTER IX: ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN

The purpose of the Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is to minimize the potential
environmental impacts due to proposed project. EMP is required for formulation, implementation
and monitoring of environmental protection measures during project development. EMP reflects the
commitment of the proponent to safeguard the environment as well as the surrounding population.
Similarly, EMP has been prepared for the Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt.
Ltd to set out environmental management requirements and to develop procedures to ensure that all
mitigation measures and monitoring requirements specified in this Environmental Impact
Assessment (EIA) study report will be carried out in subsequent stages of project development and
operation.

The impacted terms of reference of the study suggests that EMP should comprises of implementation
of the mitigation measures, environmental monitoring plan, framework for the environmental
auditing and the institutional arrangement for the implementation of EMP.

9.1 Environment Management System

For the effective and consistent functioning of the project, an Environmental Management System
(EMS) should be established at the site. The EMS should include the following:
• An Environmental management Unit
• Environmental Monitoring
• Personnel Training
• Regular Environmental Audits and Corrective Action
• Documentation – Standard operating procedures Environmental Management Plans and
other records

9.2 Environment Management Unit

Apart from having an Environmental Management Plan, it is also necessary to have a permanent
organizational set up charged with the task of ensuring its effective implementation of mitigation
measures and to conduct environmental monitoring. The major duties and responsibilities of
Environmental Management Unit will be as given below:
• To implement the environmental management plan,
• To assure regulatory compliance with all relevant rules and regulations,
• To ensure regular operation and maintenance of pollution control devices and activities
• To minimize environmental impacts of operations as by strict adherence to the EMP,
• To initiate environmental monitoring as per approved schedule.
• Review and interpretation of monitored results and corrective measures in case monitored
results are above the specified limit.
• Maintain documentation of good environmental practices and applicable environmental
laws as ready reference.
• Maintain environmental related records.
• Coordination with regulatory agencies and external consultants,
• Maintain of log book for public complaints and the action taken

9.3 Implementing mechanism of Environmental Protection Measures

To ensure the implementation of EPMs, Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal is
committed to establish Environment Management Unit (EMU).EMU is the inbuilt mechanism within
the apartment which governs the implementation and monitoring of the EPMs. The EMU will focus
on compliance monitoring, record keeping, and providing technical inputs to the contractors.

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 61
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

CEO, Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd.

1. Briefing of project
2. Status, submission of
environment report
Environment, Social Unit 3. Prepare monthly status
report
4. Support client in Env. &
1. Regular compliance monitoring
social matters during
2. Record keeping
construction Proposal
3. Preparation of weekly, monthly
report on pre and post construction Environment Officer
of Environment report
4. Report to team leader
5. Participate in meeting with client,
engineer consultant
Assistant

1. Maintain regular log on compliance clauses

2. Follow instruction of field officer
3. Sampling of air, water soil & other parameters
4. Maintain photographic records
5. Establish on the site cooperation with other
consultant, client.
6. Maintain rapport building and PR with local
communities
7. Execute CSR activities of Surya Nepal

9.4 Project Management Responsibility

The implementation of mitigation measures responsibility is entrusted to the project proponent i.e.
Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. Because of small nature of project, the monitoring of the project as to the
stipulated mitigation in the construction and operation period is also done by the proponent.

9.5 Environmental Monitoring Plan

The environmental monitoring plan designed for the project has three main objectives;
 To ensure that the project baseline conditions are adequately documented such that a
comparative assessment of the project baseline before and after the project could be made
objectively for impact evaluation
 To ensure that the mitigation commitments to minimize the predicted adverse impacts and
maximize the beneficial impacts including the environmental enhancement programs are
actually complied and implemented in time and with sincerity by the project.
 To verify that the project impacts are within the limits of the impact prediction or some
unforeseen impacts also occurred during project development and what measures were taken
to minimize the unforeseen impacts

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 62
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

As baseline environment of the proposal development area is disgustingly known and also
documented in this EIA report, the proponent itself will carry out compliance and impact monitoring
of the project construction and operation period. The monitoring management plan for Baseline,
compliance and impact is presented in Table 25,26 and 27.

The Jitpur Simara Sub-Metropolitan city will be involved during construction and operation phase
monitoring of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd.

9.6 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

Surya Nepal is very much concerned and is aware about its role in the community. Surya Nepal will
work in close coordination and collaboration with the neighbour and neighbouring community.
Surya Nepal will join hands with community support users group in clean-up campaign, contribute in
a small community support activities, contribute in infrastructure improvement programs initiated by
community, neighbours (examples: drainage improvement, installation of street lights, safety signs,
security etc).

The Surya Nepal will hold regular interaction with the neighbouring community. Surya Nepal will
allocate certain budget in an annual basis and such budget will be spent in above mentioned CSR
activities in close coordination and support of local communities.

For the upcoming years, as spelled out above, the Surya Nepal will be involved in
 Creating community awareness on traffic safety
 Plantation will also be done to maintain greenery
 Involve in community support in areas of health, sanitation, food and hygiene in project's direct
and indirect areas
 Support the backward communities in education, and social awareness
 Support the local community in promotion of sports and other similar activities.

9.7 Specific Management Plans for Surya Nepal Residential Buildings

A. CONSTRUCTION PHASE

9.7.1 Health and Safety Plan

This contractor will prepare OHS plan of the project and it will be displayed and available to all
persons working on/visiting the site.
Occupational Health and Safety Assessment System Plans
A plan is required to eliminate or minimize risks to the workers who could be exposed to OH and S
hazards associated with the continuous exposure.

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 63
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Health and Safety Manager

Hazard Identification Risk Reduction Priorities
 Routine and Periodic Health Check up  Signage / Warnings
 Human Behavior and capabilities  PPE
 Hazard nature  Engineering Control / Management
Control

OHSA

Emergency Preparedness
 Roles & Responsibilities Support Utilities
 Crisis Management Infrastructure / Equipment /
Materials
 Spaced rooms
 Improved ventilation / Exhaust
Health Indicators
Bronchitis, and Allergic Respiratory /
Nasal Diseases)

Documentation
 EHS Tool Box programs
 EHS Awareness training programs
 EHS Meetings
 Miss Incidents/Dangerous occurrences/Property Damage
 No of First Aid Cases
 Non Lost Time Accidents
 Lost Time Injuries (LTI)
 Lost Time Accidents (LTA)
 EHS Awards given
 EHS Audits/Inspections
 EHS NCRs Raised/ Violation Memo EHS NCRS

Objectives
The main objective of this document is to explore possible H&S issues of the project and provide
information intended to prevent and minimize personal injuries, illnesses and physical damage to any
workers, equipment, supplies and property.

Safety Management
Health and safety will be tailored to project specific activities. Induction training to all project
execution team will be provided to make them aware on H&S of the project.

Community Outreach and Involvement

Risk management strategies will be implemented to protect the local communities from physical,
chemical, or other hazards associated with the construction and operation of the Project. Risk
management strategies will also be implemented to protect the project workers, facilities, and
equipment. Risks may arise from inadvertent or intentional trespassing including potential contact
with hazardous materials, exposures to structures and excavations not meant for untrained people to
access, energized equipment, moving equipment, sharp objects, buildings that are vacant or under
construction, physical contact with the project workers, transmission of diseases, etc. Community
outreach programs will be established with the goal of helping to mitigate these potential risks. The

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 64
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

H&S Plan will be discussed in community outreach and involvement actives to be performed during
construction stage of the project.

Updating Health and Safety Plan of Project

The H&S will be treated as living documents. As such, the H&S will be modified when new hazards
are identified, the scope of work is revised, equipment is changed, and/or the provisions specified in
the H&S are not adequate to protect the H&S of the workers. Regular updating of this plan will be
carried out by the contractor as per the need and requirements.

9.7.2 Occupational Health and Safety Hazards

To ensure the safety of the occupational workers , implement the following measures .
 Construction staff and wokers will be provided with basic safety issues and safety measures
to be taken in each of the construction sites at least once a week before the start of days
construction activity
 Signs of various risks will be placed at appropriate locations in all the construction sites
 The construction staff and workers will be provided with personnel safety gears such as
helmets, boots with tough toes, gloves, air masks, ear plugs and other as required depending
upon the work nature at least every six months.
 The construction supervisor will ensure that all the workforce is using the personnel
protective gears at all times at the construction sites and those not using the gears will be
prohibited in the construction sites
 First aid kits for minor cuts and injuries will be placed at all times in each of the active
construction sites and in the project office.
 A stabilization health care medical facility manned with a nurse will be established centrally
in the project area with bed facility, medicine.
 Handy fire-fighting gears will be placed at each of the construction sites for immediate use in
case of fire.

9.7.3 Community Health and Safety Hazards

Following measures will be implemented by the contractor to minimise the impact
 The construction vehicles will be parked in the designated area as per the traffic management
plan
 The speed of the construction vehicle in the construction area will be controlled for the safety
of the local residents, and the project
 The construction vehicles will not be parked along the main road and in the settlement areas
 Traffic signs will be placed in all locations as required for the safe driving and safety of the
community.
 Fuel storage and dispensing units will be bounded in a concrete platform with drainage
facility linked with oil and grease trapping unit, area will be fenced, secured and fire
extinguishers will be place.
 All spent oils, mobiles, grease and other chemicals will be collected and stored in a separate
covered storage facilities for final management as recommended by the site engineer as per
the GoN regulations

9.7.4 Site Safety Procedures

Site rules
A copy of the site rules for each site will be inserted here as well as being displayed in the site office
(where applicable).

Site Amenities
 Toilets and drinking water will be provided on site;
 All workers are to have good hygiene standards and clean up after themselves;
Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd
Consultant: SCEC 65
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

 Outdoor game facilities such as volleyball and badminton will be provided;

Site Security
The contractor will, as far as possible reasonably practicable, secure the site (where applicable) by:
 Keeping the site/building secure during the project;
 Erecting a fence to prevent unauthorized access;
 Locking gates to the site outside normal hours of operation;
Workers and contractors are expected to keep the site secure, for example by closing or locking
gates.

Site Signage
At a minimum, the contractor will display the following signs on the entrance to the site (where
applicable):
 Contact person name, contact details and after-hours telephone number;
 The location of the site office;
All signage will be clearly visible from outside.

9.7.5 Managing Construction Hazards

Falls from Heights
The contractor should manage the risks associated with falls from heights by:
 Ensuring that where practicable, any work involving the risk of a fall is undertaken on the
ground or on a solid construction such as an elevated work platform;
 Where this is not practicable, providing a fall prevention device such as secure fencing, edge
protection, working platforms and/or covers;
 Where this is not practicable, providing a work positioning system such as plant or a structure
other than a temporary work platform that enables a person to be positioned and safely
supported;
 Where this is not practicable, providing a fall arrest system such as a safety harness system.
Workers will be trained in emergency procedures for fall arrest systems;
 When undertaking work involving the risk of a fall from height, workers must:
 Follow all instructions
 Work with a buddy when using a ladder
 Only use approved work platforms

Falling Objects
Where practical, the Contractor will provide adequate protection against the risk of falling objects
through the use of control measures such as barrier screen, toe-boards and by storing and stacking
materials safely.
Where this is not possible, a risk assessment will be undertaken and appropriate control measures
implemented to manage the risk of injuries from falling objects.

9.7.6 Confined Space Entry and Excavation of Work

Anyone undertaking excavation work at confined space will be performed in the following checks,
but not limited to:
 No slope instability issues;
 No issue related to entrapment of drowning;
 Ensure safe means of access and egress from excavations such as graded slopes, access route
or stairs or ladders;
 Ensure no combustion equipment are operated for longer period;
 Permit –required confined spaces will be provided with permanent safety measures for
venting, monitoring, and rescue operations, to the extent possible;

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 66
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

 Prior to entry a permit-required confined space;

o Process of feed lines in to the space will be disconnected or drained, and blanked and
locked-out;
o Mechanical equipment in the space will be disconnected, de-energized, locked-out, or
braced as appropriate;
o The atmosphere within the confined space will be tested to assure oxygen content by
burning air, if it gets lit, the area will be ventilated
 Appropriate induction training will be provided to the workers prior to start of work at the
confined space;

9.7.7 Electrical
Power supplied to the site will be either from the distribution line or from gen-set. The following
measures will be ensured by the contractor in the project.
 Robust construction and materials capable of withstanding damage from the weather and
other environmental and site influences;
 Securely attached the switchboard to a post, pole, wall or other structure unless it is of a
stable freestanding design able to withstand external forces likely to be present;
 Incorporate suitable support and protection for flexible cords and cables and prevent
mechanical strain to the cable connections inside the board;
 Protect all live parts at all times;
 Flexible cords used on construction sites will be rated heavy duty;
 To avoid confusion with individual earthling conductors, green sheathed flexible power cords
will not be used on site;
 Flexible cords will be either protected by a suitable enclosure or barrier or located where they
are not subjected to mechanical damage, damage by liquids or high temperature;
 Records of all inspections, tests, repairs and faults related to all electrical equipment and
distribution lines including cable will be recorded in a testing and tagging register;
 Workers who notices damage on electrical equipment and the distribution system requires to
inform to the person in-charge, electrical foreman. He will be responsible to fix the problem
and unrepairable items should be informed to the contractor site in charge for necessary
action.

9.7.8 Plant and Equipment

To ensure all plant used complies with the requirements of the Health, Safety & Environment
Regulations:
 Only use plant for the purpose for which it was designed;
 Use all health and safety features and warning devices on plant;
 Follow all information, training and instruction provided;
 guarding must be permanently fixed and is not permitted to be removed;
 No person other than the operator may ride on the plant unless the person is provided with a
level of protection that is equivalent to that provided to the operator;
It will also ensure that:
All plants and equipment are regularly maintained, inspected and tested by a relevant
competent person;

9.7.9 Scaffolds
The Contractor will ensure:
 That the scaffold is erected by a competent person;
 That before use of the scaffold, the field supervisor will check that it is safe;
 That scaffolding is inspected by a competent person:

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 67
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

 Before use of the scaffold is resumed after an incident occurs that may reasonably be
expected to affect the stability of the scaffold;
 Before use of the scaffold is resumed after repairs;
 At least every 30 days;
 That, if an inspection indicates that any scaffold or its supporting structure creates a risk to
health or safety:
 Any necessary repairs, alterations and additions will be made or carried out;
 The scaffold and its supporting structure will be inspected again by a competent person
before use of the scaffold is resumed.
 Workers must:
 Not use incomplete scaffolding
 Report any scaffolding issues to the principal contractor
 Comply with the directions of any tags attached to the scaffold
 The Contractor will prevent unauthorized access to the scaffold by removing ladders where
there is no site fencing

9.7.10 Fire and Explosions

The following fire and explosion prevention strategy, but not limited to, will be adopted:
 Fire extinguishers, fire notices, fire detection, alarm systems and fire exit signs will be
provided for all working areas;
 Materials and rubbish stored on site will be kept to a minimum
 Storing flammable away from ignition sources and oxidizing materials;
 All vessels that may contain substance that are hazardous will be labelled or appropriately
colour coded, copies of hazard coding will be posted;
 A “No Smoking” rule will be imposed in all working areas, storage areas or wherever there
are fire hazards;
 The area will be prohibited to take or use of smoke, cellular phones or other potential spark
generating equipment;
 Will operate a “Hot Works Permit System” particularly where the works involve a naked
flame. In the event of a fire, the person discovering the fire will raise the alarm and
immediately report the situation to the site in-charge
 Induction training to the workers who is supposed to handled inflammable materials;

9.7.11 Managing other Construction Hazards

Ladder Safety
The contractor should manage hazards associated with ladders by:
 Using ladders according to the manufacturer’s instructions;
 Only allowing one person at a time on a ladder;
 Performing all work from a ladder while facing the ladder;
 Not setting up ladders on scaffolds or elevated work platforms to gain extra height;

Manual Handling
The contractor should manage hazards associated with manual handling by:
Ensuring all users follow good manual handling practices;
 Assessing risk assessments;
 Providing mechanical lifting aids where applicable;

Slips, Trips and fall

 Using a slips, trips and falls checklist as required;
 Checking for hazards that could cause someone to slip, trip or fall by doing a visual check;
 Ensuring workers keep the site tidy as part of the written site rules;

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 68
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Use of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

As per the site based requirement and nature of job where person is working the contractor should
provide adequate PPE
 Safety boot and gloves;
 Sun protection cream and hat;
 Raincoat;
 Torch light;
 First aid kits
 Drinking water;

Corrosive, Oxidizing, and Reactive Chemicals

The following controls will be observed in the work environment when handling such chemicals:
 Chemicals will be segregated from flammable materials, stored in place where intermixing
possibility during spills would be minimal;
 Workers who are required to handle corrosive, oxidizing or reactive chemicals will be
provided induction training and also proper PPE;
 First Aid people will be kept in high alert during the period these materials are being used;

Accidents and Diseases Monitoring

The site in-charge of contractor will be responsible to monitor, reporting and monitoring of:
 Occupational accidents and diseases;
 Dangerous occurrence and incidents;
 Occupational injuries and near misses;
 Suspected case of occupational diseases;
 Will identify fatal or non-fatal injuries and necessary action will be taken accordingly;
Further, the person providing the PPE must ensure that the PPE is:
 Suitable for the nature of the work and any hazard associated with the work;
 A suitable size and fit and reasonably comfortable for the worker who is to use or wear it;
 Maintained, repaired or replaced so that it continues to minimize risk to the worker who uses
it, including by:
o Ensuring it is clean and hygienic
o Ensuring it is in good working order
o Ensuring it is used or worn by the worker, so far as is reasonably practicable.
The person supplying the PPE must also:
 Provide workers with information, training and instruction in the proper use, wearing, storage
and maintenance of PPE;
 Ensure that any other person at the workplace (such as home owners, clients or inspectors) is
appropriately provided with PPE to wear as required.
Workers must:
 Follow all instructions to wear and use PPE;
 Take reasonable care of PPE;

9.7.12 Plan for Management of Labor and Working Condition

No Forced Labor Policy
The contractor adheres with no forced labor policy in their project. As such there will be no
involuntary or compulsory labor like indentured labor, bonded labor or similar labor contracting
arrangements.

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 69
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Non Discriminative and Equal Opportunity Employer (EOE)

The project (including contractor) will not discriminate in hiring (adhere with hiring policy and
priority), promotion, discharge, pay, fringes, benefits, job trainings, and other aspects of employment
on the basis of race color, religion, sex, national origin. The Nepal Labor Act, and Nepal Labor
Rules will be strictly followed.

Retrenchment and re-employment.

The retrenchment and reemployment policy the contractor will follow GoN Labor Act

Employment Opportunity and Human Resources Development Activity

In order to provide maximum job opportunity to the local area people (project DIZ and INDIZ) for
employment and human resource development following measures will be implemented. This is in
line with EIA recommendations. The project including the contractor will encourage local area
people to take up the jobs suitable to their skills and qualifications.

9.7.13 Construction Camp Management Plan

Accommodations
The location, layout and basic facility provision of construction camp will be prepared meeting the
GoN regulations. The accommodation and ancillary facilities will be maintained in functional a
suitable, safe, and hygienic manner meeting GoN standards.

Potable water
The contractor must ensure all the time that uncontaminated water is available for drinking, cooking
and washing at all accommodations and drinking water at all work places. Testing of water will be
done on a regular basis as prescribed in EIA report.
Environmental and social compliance monitor (or person designated for this task) from the
contractor should visit the camps for compliance monitoring.

Sanitation and Sewerage System

 Septic tank system in camps will be designed, built and operated in such a fashion that no
health hazards occur and no pollution to the air, ground water or adjacent water courses take
place
 Separate toilets/bathrooms for men and women will be planned.
 Adequate water supply and ventilation will be provided in toilets.
 The construction camps will be facilitated with separate washing, bathing facilities

Waste disposal
 Waste disposal buckets will be provided in camps.
 The contractor must ensure that waste are properly handled and disposed of with due care and
with hygienic manner. A solid waste management system of collection, segregation, and final
management of the camp and construction area solid waste will be established and operated
for all the camps Haphazard disposal of the solid wastes in all areas will be strictly
prohibited.

Ventilation and lighting in camps

 All the camps will be well ventilated. The ventilation requirements as per WHO standards
will be followed. If natural ventilation is not sufficient, the contractor should l also provide
the artificial ventilation means (Fans, AC). The air flow rates in rooms will be maintained.
 Energy efficient lighting system will be used in camps.
 The rooms will have proper and adequate lighting mechanisms.

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 70
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Cooking fuel
 The project will supply subsidized LPG/Kerosene to its staff to avoid dependency in forest
and to discourage burning firewood. The burning of firewood is strictly prohibited.
Ban of Ill Social Activities
 Ill social behaviors like gambling, drinking etc is strictly prohibited in all job sites, camps of
contractors and engineers camp
 The noisy equipment, activities after 9 AM will be banned in camps.

Access to Recreational facilities

Access to camp site, office, and other areas is important so necessary internal access will be built.
Recreational facilities including appropriate television, game items like (carem board, chess, and
volley ball) will be provided).

Security
For safe and secure camp dwellers, security measures at camp will be established. Implementation of
photographic identification system for safety and security. Visitor access to the job sites, offices and
camps should be made only with prior approval from site in-charge.

B. OPERATION PHASE

9.7.14 Indoor Air Quality Management Plan

Source control and ventilation are important components of a robust IAQ plan in residents through
the maintenance of indoor ventilation, application of air purifier and maintaining appropriate air
change hours for the rooms. In order to control air conditions within the selected zone in the room by
the supply air and allow stratification of heat and contaminants in other room areas, the zoning
strategy is to be followed for the supply of fresh air. It can control the airflow parameters of a
vertical or horizontal zone in the room. This kind of ventilation is a good compromise between
mixing and displacement ventilation1. The process of replacing stale indoor air with fresh outdoor
air is an air change phenomenon for indoor environment. The air change rate or air changes per hour
(ACH) provide the number of times that the entire volume of the conditioned space is replaced by
fresh outdoor air in one hour. The typical ACH for general office is in the range of 4 to 6 per hours.
The minimum fresh air ventilation rate is generally maintained at 8 to 10 l/s per person equivalent
typically adopted in mechanically ventilated spaces. Fresh air requirements for naturally ventilated
spaces are treated differently. To keep carbon dioxide (CO2) levels to less than an average 1,000
ppm during the day a ventilation rate of 10 l/s/person is typically adopted.

Guidelines for Indoor Potted Plants Selection as Air Purifier

The placement of indoor air within the working rooms only not makes the pleasant environment;
they will also supports in indoor air purifying agents also. It has number of benefits as mentioned
below:
 Fights sick building syndrome
 Fewer allergic symptoms
 More efficiency at work
 Greater productivity
 Higher concentration
 More creative and less stressful
 Recover faster from cold and flu
 Fewer symptoms and signs of headache, irritation and fatigue

1
Gery Einberg (2005). Air Diffusion and Solid Contaminant Behaviour in Room Ventilation – a computational fluid dynamics
(CFD) Based Integrated Approach, TRITA-KRV-2005-03, ISSN 1100/7990, ISRN KTH-KRV-R-05-3-SE, ISBN 91-7178-037-8

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 71
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

 Peace of mind
Most plants largely uptake carbon dioxide and release oxygen during the day (photosynthesis) and
uptake oxygen and release CO2 during the night (respiration). The listed plant species can uptake
CO2 during the night as well because of their ability to perform a type of photosynthesis called
Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM). National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Clean Air Study suggested that efficient air cleaning is accomplished with at least one plant per 100
square feet (9.3 m2) of home or office space. NASA study also showed that certain high-
transpiration plants could remove up to 87 percent of indoor air pollutants within 24 hours. Prior to
selection of the plant species, it will be assured that the selective item could not be the source of
indoor source of yeast and mold and other bacteria.

Table 24: Selective Indoor Plant Species as Air Purifier

Specific Other Air
S.
Name Pollutants Purifying Picture
N.
Removal Benefits

 Carbon
monoxide  Releases
 Formaldehyd oxygen even in
Spider Plant e the nighttime
1. (Chlorophytu  Toluene  High-
m comosum)  Xylene transpiration
 PM rate increasing
 Nitrogen humidity
 Ozone

 Benzene
 Formaldehyd
e
Snake Plant  Releases
 Toluene
2. (Sansevieria oxygen even in
 Xylene
trifasciata) the nighttime
 Carbon
Monoxide
 Ozone

 Benzene
 Releases
 Formaldehyd
oxygen even in
Peace Lily e
the nighttime
(Spathiphyllu  Toluene
3.  High-
m sp.)  Xylene
transpiration
 Ammonia
rate increasing
 Trichloroeth
humidity
ylene

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 72
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Specific Other Air

S.
Name Pollutants Purifying Picture
N.
Removal Benefits

 Benzene
Pothos
 Formaldehyd  Releases
(Epipremnum
4. e oxygen even in
sp.)
 Toluene the nighttime
 Xylene

Weeping Fig  Formaldehyd

 Releases
(Ficus e
5. oxygen even in
benjamina)  Toluene
the nighttime
 Xylene

 Releases
oxygen even in
Philodendrons the nighttime
 Formaldehyd
6. (Philodendron  High-
e
sp.) transpiration
rate increasing
humidity

Aloe Vera  Benzene  Releases

7. (Aloe vera)  Formaldehyd oxygen even in
e the nighttime

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 73
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Specific Other Air

S.
Name Pollutants Purifying Picture
N.
Removal Benefits

 Benzene
 Formaldehyd
Chrysanthemu e
 Releases
m  Toluene
8. oxygen even in
(Chrysantheiu  Xylene
the nighttime
m morifolium)  Ammonia
 Trichloroeth
ylene

 Releases
oxygen even in
 Formaldehyd
Areca Palm the nighttime
e
9. (Dypsis  Highest-
 Toluene
lutescens) transpiration
 Xylene
rate increasing
humidity

 High-
 Benzene transpiration
 Formaldehyd rate increasing
English ivy e humidity
10. (Hedera  Toluene  Removes 94%
helix)  Xylene of airborne
 Trichloroeth feces and 78%
ylene of airborne
mold

 High-
transpiration
rate increasing
humidity
Rubber Plant
 Formaldehyd  Can reduce
11. (Ficus
e mold and
elastica)
bacteria in a
room by as
much as 50 or
60 percent

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 74
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Specific Other Air

S.
Name Pollutants Purifying Picture
N.
Removal Benefits

 Benzene
 Formaldehyd
Red-edged  High-
e
dracaena transpiration
12.  Toluene
(Dracaena rate increasing
 Xylene
marginata) humidity
 Trichloroeth
ylene

 Benzene
 Formaldehyd
 High-
Bamboo Palm e
transpiration
13. (Chamaedore  Toluene
rate increasing
a seifrizii)  Xylene
humidity
 Trichloroeth
ylene

Boston Fern  Formaldehyd  High-

(Nephrolepis e transpiration
14.
exaltata  Toluene rate increasing
'Bostoniensis')  Xylene humidity

Chinese  High-
 Benzene
Evergreen transpiration
15.  Formaldehyd
(Aglaonema rate increasing
e
modestum) humidity

9.7.15 Emergency Preparedness and Response Plan

The scope of the emergency preparedness and response plan will be inclusive of reporting of
emergencies, coordination with emergency response forces, emergency plans and procedures for
managing or responding to emergencies will comply with the provisions.

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 75
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

There will be the provision of announcement system and alarm system within the complex of the
building. When there is a need to make a public announcement or raise an immediate alert, the staff
will dial the operator and inform the nature of the emergency. The plan will be applied as the key
steps for risk management.
Standard emergency response procedures depend on the hazard. The basic emergency procedures are
scoped for building evacuation, shelter-in-place, and lockdown, assemble and shelter outside,
evacuate to safe heaven and emergency residents and employee release from the disaster risk zone.
The building disaster management involves the familiar cycle of steps found in all project
management: assess hazards, vulnerabilities, capacities and resources; plan and implement for
physical risk reduction, maintenance of safe facilities, standard operating procedures and training for
disaster response; test mitigation and preparedness plans and skills regularly, with realistic
simulation drills; and revision based on lessons learned.

9.8 Compliance monitoring

The following activities would be conducted to ensure compliance with the recommendation of the
EIA study:
1. Following the completion of the detailed designs and the tender document, it would be
confirmed that whether the documents have incorporated the measures recommended by the
EIA study.
2. During contract, it will be confirmed that the documents and working methods proposed by
the contractors have taken into account the health, safety and environmental considerations
mentioned in the tender document.
3. At the beginning of the construction period, it will be confirmed that the arrangements
regarding temporary use of lands for labour camps, material storage and construction
activities are satisfactory.
4. During construction, it will be confirmed on a regular basis that all the agreed working
conditions and procedures, regarding various environmental factors are followed
satisfactorily.
5. During construction and after the completion of construction, it will be ensured that all
requirements regarding clean up and reinstatement have been met satisfactorily.
6. During the construction and operation phase of the proposed project, specified parameters of
the working environment as specified in standards will be monitored by Department of
Labour (DoL)/Department of Environment (DoEnv.).

Table 25: Baseline Monitoring

Individuals Frequency Monitoring
S.N Parameters Indicator Methods Place
responsible authority
Solid waste,
Soil pollution, noise and air Using Within
1 noise and air pollution in Proponent standard Once a year DoL apartment
pollution the project operation premises
site

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 76
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Table 26: Compliance Monitoring

Indicators Individuals Frequency Monitoring
S.N Parameters Methods Place
responsible /Time authority
Operation Phase
Spoil disposal Spoil residue/ Proponent Site Once DoEnv Project
clearance of Observation/ Site
1
the site and records
vicinity
Water quantity Types of tube Proponent Site Once DoEnv Project
and quality well/ depth of Observation/ Site
2 well and records
drainage
management
Landscape Greenery in Proponent Observation Once DoEnv Project
3 and around area
project
Solid waste Solid waste Proponent Observation Once DoEnv Project
management management area
4 within practices
apartment adopted
premises
Construction of Drainage Proponent Observation Once DoEnv Project
5 drainages and pipes and area
management joints

Table 27: Impact Monitoring

Monitoring Indicators Individuals Frequency Monitoring
S.N Methods Place
parameters responsible /Time authority
Operation Phase
Impacts of Solid waste Proponent Site Once a year DoEnv Project
1 solid waste management observation vicinity
practices
Noise and Degree of Proponent Site Once a year Dol/DoEnv Project
water pollution change in observation, vicinity
concentrations water
2
of noise level quality test
and water
quality
Impact related Number of Proponent Surya Nepal Once a year DoEnv Project
to security, guests, number record and vicinity
dispute and of long-term site
grievance workers, observation
3.
management inclusion of
around local staffs
apartment
Premises

9.8 Monitoring Cost

The total annual cost for environment monitoring is presented in the table below. The monitoring
cost includes both instrumental cost and human resources cost.

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 77
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Table 28: Monitoring Cost

S.N Particular Days Total Cost Remarks
1 Environmental Expert 1 month 250000.00
2 Equipment use, laboratory and other 300000.00
Miscellaneous cost for compliance
and impact monitoring
Total 550000.00

9.9 Total EMP Cost

The total cost of EMP includes the sum of environmental mitigation cost and monitoring cost. Most
of the mitigation cost is inbuilt into design cost. The cost which is not included in the design is
mentioned as EMP cost is presented in the table below:

Table 29: Total EMP Cost

S.N Particular Cost (NRs)
1 Environment Mitigation 350,0000.00
2 Environment Monitoring 550,000
Total 4050000.00

9.10 Environment Audit

With reference to the baseline information, performance of mitigation measures to minimize the
level of proposed impact will be calculated, analysed and discussed in the Environment Auditing
phase. As per the stipulated in the EPR 2077, MoFE will be responsible for the auditing activities.
Basically, auditing is performed as per the EPR 2077. The Environment Audit have to examine the
performance of the proponent to address environment mitigation measures and further improvement
it has made to minimize the environment pollution. Auditor will check whether the projects have
satisfied the proposed environmental requirements and effectiveness of mitigation measures and
institutional development and whether any unpredictable environment consequences occurred as a
result of the project operation. The Basic objectives for the environment audit are as follows:

 Comparison of the environment quality with the pre project baseline information
 Effectiveness of the mitigation measures as stipulated by EIA report and their effectiveness
 Identification of unpredictable consequence from the project activities
 Assessment of compliance and non-compliance with the mitigation and monitoring
provisions
 Assessment of compliance and non-compliance with the national environmental standards in
the project development and operational cycle

The proponent will support and co-operate in the environmental audit team. Environmental Auditing
plan of the project is summarized in Table 30. The required professionals and expenses are presented
in Table 31.
Table 30: Environment Auditing Plan
Parameters Location Methods Indicators
Physical Environment
Project site and Particulate matter, SOx,
Air Quality On site Measurement
proposed impact area NOx, CO etc
Wastewater Nearby water Laboratory analysis COD, BOD, TSS, Hardness,

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 78
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

Parameters Location Methods Indicators

sources Turbidity etc.
Noise meter Equivalent Sound Pressure
Noise On site and off site
measurement Level
Laboratory analysis of Physical, Chemical and
Quality of water Well water
water samples microbial
Biological Environment
Observation and
Tree plantation Project sites Number of trees
counting
Socio-Economic Environment
Occupational safety and Interaction with workers
Project site Mishaps/diseases
health hazard and review of records
Interaction with local,
Employment opportunity Project site records of agreements Number of staffs
and list of employee
Interaction with people,
Conflict Outside project site project supervisor, Police records
engineer and workers

Table 31: Environment Audit Cost

Manpower Man/Month Amount, (NRs)
Environment Expert One 75,000
Industrial Engineer One 60,000
Socio-economist One 50,000
Water Quality Expert One 45,000
Lab technicians Two 30,000
Miscellaneous (Stationery, transportation lab
250,000
test etc.)
Total 5,10,000

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 79
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

CHAPTER X: CONCLUSION

Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. situated at Simara was set up in 1986 and makes cigarettes of various brand to
cater to domestic market. Since its inception, in a span of 28 years, the factory has multiplied many
folds in terms of volume, infrastructure and human resources. The infrastructure also includes
modern housing facility “Surya Niwas” for non-management cadre housing 149 families. The
managerial strength has also grown over a period and the number of young managers is in the
increase as the unit has already completed 28 years.

Managers residing in the vicinity with their family have always felt a need for housing facility in the
absence of good living condition around Simara. Managers coming from outside especially with
family prefer to live in a known society for security reasons.

To provide basic housing facility to the new incumbents of managerial staff and to their family the
residential apartment has been envisaged. This will definitely help to retain the young talents in
Simara.

Citing the above, we propose housing for managers in Simara as under which may be constructed in
two phases within 5 years span.

Regarding environmental implications, ground water depletion, security issue, different types of
wastes and pollutants are assumed to be produced during the construction and operation phase of the
proposed project. Most of the identified impacts can be mitigated by adopting prescribed mitigation
measures in this report. By adopting these mitigation measures, the project will have very less
negative implications on environment. The EIA has envisaged the impacts during the
implementation of this proposal and also suggested mitigation measures to minimize or reduce the
impacts. The project proponent has committed follow the mitigation measures as spelled out in EIA
report. Surya Nepal is committed to adhere with all the environmental enhancement and mitigations
mentioned in this EIA report.

Considering the nature of the project, its location and people's perception about the project, this EIA
study recommends implementation of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal along with
the strict implementation of the prescribed mitigation measures during both construction and
operation phases. Further environmental assessment study at EIA level for implementation of the
proposed project is not required.

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 80
 EIA of Residence Apartment for Managers of Surya Nepal Pvt. Ltd. (Phase II)

REFERENCES

 EPA 2076, Environment Protection Act 2076; Ministry of Environment, Science and
Technology; Singhadurbar, Kathmandu
 EPR 1997, Environment Protection Rules 2076; Ministry of Environment, Science and
Technology; Singhadurbar, Kathmandu
 EPR 1997, Environment Protection Rules 1997; Ministry of Environment, Science and
Technology; Singhadurbar, Kathmandu
 GoN 1993, Nepal Environmental Impact Assessment Guideline 1993, National Planning
Commission, GON/IUCN, Kathmandu.
 CBS (2012), National Population and Housing Census 2011. Central Bureau of Statistics,
Thapathali, Kathmandu
 1
Gery Einberg (2005). Air Diffusion and Solid Contaminant Behaviour in Room Ventilation
– a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) Based Integrated Approach, TRITA-KRV-2005-03,
ISSN 1100/7990, ISRN KTH-KRV-R-05-3-SE, ISBN 91-7178-037-8
 1Top 9 Plants that absorb 2 at night as well (best for indoors).
https://wiki.nurserylive.com/t/top-9-plants-that-absorb-2-at-night-as-well-best-for-
indoors/315 Retrieved on 2019-04-02
 Wolverton, B. C., et al. A study of interior landscape plants for indoor air pollution
abatement: an interim report. NASA. September, 1989.NASA Clean Air Study.
https://nasa.fandom.com/wiki/NASA_Clean_Air_Study. Retrieved on 2019-04-02

Proponent: Surya Nepal P Ltd

Consultant: SCEC 81
ANNEXES