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RESPIRATION 2

Respiration is a vital chemical process in living cells that releases energy from food molecules, occurring continuously to support metabolic functions. There are two types of respiration: aerobic, which requires oxygen and produces ATP, and anaerobic, which occurs without oxygen and yields different byproducts such as lactic acid or alcohol. Aerobic respiration is more efficient, producing approximately 36 ATP, while anaerobic respiration results in less energy release.

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Rochelle Black
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2 views

RESPIRATION 2

Respiration is a vital chemical process in living cells that releases energy from food molecules, occurring continuously to support metabolic functions. There are two types of respiration: aerobic, which requires oxygen and produces ATP, and anaerobic, which occurs without oxygen and yields different byproducts such as lactic acid or alcohol. Aerobic respiration is more efficient, producing approximately 36 ATP, while anaerobic respiration results in less energy release.

Uploaded by

Rochelle Black
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RESPIRATION -part 2

Recap:

Respiration is one of
the characteristics of
living things.
Respiration is a
chemical process that
occurs in all living cells where energy is release
from food molecules such as sugars and fat. The
food molecules are absorbed from food during the
digestion process in the digestive system.

Respiration takes place in all living cells at all times as it


supplies a constant quantity of energy to the cells. The
body needed the energy to stay alive and to carry out
metabolic processes such as transport, protein
synthesis(production) and cell division to name a few.

There are two types of respiration:

⮚ Aerobic

⮚ Anaerobic

Aerobic Respiration
This is the process by which cells breakdown glucose in the presence of
oxygen to yield energy in the form of ATP and biproducts of water and
carbon dioxide.

The equations that governs the aerobic respiration:

THIS PROCESS REQUIRES OXYGEN AND NEED TO GET RID OF CARBON


DIOXIDE HENCE THE NEED OF BREATHING AND GASEOUS EXCHANGE.

The energy harvested from the glucose is used to convert the substance Adenosine
Diphosphate (ADP)to Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP). No energy transfers are 100% efficient
therefore, some of the energy is given off as heat.
In cells, aerobic respiration breaks down glucose in the mitochondria in a long, multistep process
that produces roughly 36 ATP.
N.B! Cells that needed a lot of energy e.g. cells that makes up muscle tissues and the sperm
cells have a lot of mitochondria.
Fig 1. Diagram of the Mitochondria – Site of aerobic respiration in the cell.
ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION

In the absence of oxygen in the cells, aerobic respiration cannot happen as oxygen is a substrate
for the reaction. Therefore, there must be a form respiration can occur with the absence of
oxygen. This respiration is called anaerobic respiration.
In the absence of oxygen, the products are different from aerobic respiration for different
organisms. Most microbes use anaerobic respiration but animals can use anaerobic respiration
when oxygen is absent. Less Energy is released.
Equations that governs anaerobic respiration:

Glucose lactic acid +Energy


Some bacteria produce lactic acid when they respire without oxygen. Our muscles respire
anaerobically during exercise when enough oxygen is not available to the cells in the muscles.
When yeast respire anaerobically they make alcohol and Carbon Dioxide.
The equation that governs this reaction of yeast anaerobic respiration:

Glucose Alcohol + Carbon dioxide + Energy


Less enery

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