SMART DIGITAL ENERGY METER WITH MAXIMUM

DEMAND CONTROL USING IOT

1
ABSTRACT

2
 ABSTRACT

The demand for power has increased exponentially with time. One avenue
through which today's energy problems can be address through the reduction of
energy usage in households. This has increased the emphasis on the need for
accurate and economic methods of power measurement. The goal of providing
such data is to optimize and reduce their power consumption.
This project presents a smart energy meter for an automatic and superior
metering and billing system. The integration of the controller and IOT Short
Message Service (SMS) provide the meter reading system with some automatic
functions that are predefined.

INTRODUCTION
3
4
 CHAPTER-1

INTRODUCTION

At present, Electricity is the essential commodity in the world for human life
today. Every home, offices, companies, industries requires electricity connection
for their functioning. Due to rapid increase in human population and the human‘s
dependency towards electrical energy, the demand for electricity has increased
many folds, causing deficit of electrical energy during peak hours. In order to cope
up with the energy challenges, it is necessary to modernize the electrical system.

Internet of Things (IoT) technology can be employed to energy consumption

and distribution in different scenarios. Latest development in IoT and digital
technology, the concept of smart city is becoming smarter compared to earlier
years. Therefore it is necessary to switch over to innovative and better alternatives
such as smart grid, smart metering and zero energy building that will assist to
minimize reliance on these assets by minimizing energy consumption and
improving usage of renewable energies. This will in turn increase the efficiency of
power and energy manages system.

Accurate metering, detection of theft and implementation of proper tariff and

billing system would manage the consumption of electrical energy. Collecting
meter reading is one of the most difficult procedures in billing. The traditional
electrical energy meter data collection is such that a person from the utility
provider visits the consumer sites periodically to note the meter reading. This
procedure has lot of drawbacks such as, it is time consuming, tiresome, requires
more human resource, human error and even corruption is probable.

5
 The process may be interrupted due to bad weather conditions, also if the
consumer is not available, the billing will be pending and human operator needs to
revisit. India is facing energy deficit during peak hours. Low voltage during peak
hours has been reported as a major power quality issue. Load shedding is a
common power management practice followed by the utility providers. Energy
conservation has great significance in this scenario of increasing electrical energy
demand.

The present system of energy billing is error prone, time consuming and
laborious. Errors get introduced at every stage of energy billing like errors with
electro-mechanical meters, human errors while noting down the meter reading.
These errors can be overcome by using the smart energy meter. The main objective
of the proposed work is to develop a smart energy meter.

The Arduino takes the pulse from the energy meter, calculate units and
displays the reading on the LCD. The reading is stored in built in EEPROM so, in
case of power failures it continues the computation. The reading of the energy
meter is also sent to the cell phone of the user in the form of a message through
Wi-Fi modem. The proto type system is powered by external power supply that
takes the ac power and converts it into dc power and is fed to Arduino and Wi Fi.

6
 BIODOLOGY

1) Prepaid metering system for

isolated microgrids

- Archelle B.Batiller et
2) IOT Based projects

- Dr.Rajesh Singh

3) IOT Product Development

with programming
- Mahesh San bhaji

4) Low cost universal smartenergy

with demand Side load management

- Labile Labile

7
BLOCK DIAGRAM

8
 BLOCK DIAGRAM

BLOCK DIAGRAM

9
METHODOLOGY

10
 METHODOLOGY
EXISTING SYSTEM

PIC is a family of microcontrollers made by Microchip Technology, derived

from the PIC1650 originally developed by General Instrument's Microelectronics
Division. The name PIC initially referred to Peripheral Interface Controller and
then it was corrected as Programmable Intelligent Computer. Early models of PIC
had read-only memory (ROM) or field- programmable EPROM for program
storage, some with provision for erasing memory. All current models use flash
memory for program storage, and newer models allow the PIC to reprogram itself.
Low-power and high-speed variations exist for many types.PIC devices are popular
with both industrial developers and hobbyists due to their low cost, wide
availability, large user base, extensive collection of application notes, availability
of low cost or free development tools, serial programming, and re- programmable
Flash- memory capability.

PROPOSED SYSTEM

Every two months after microcontroller sends the consumed unit and price
to mobile phone thorough RS232 converter. Mobile phone sends SMS of this
information to EB office as well as owners mobile these numbers already stored in
the microcontroller.
The proposed energy meter system can incorporate with embedded
controller and GSM modem to transmit the data like consumed energy in kWh,
generated bill, security services (line Cut/On) over GSM mobile network such as
data can be then fed and integrated into existing energy management systems
located at power companies or organizations to provide the services among the
customers without man-power.

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OBJECTIVES

• Smart Energy Metering using IoT is a revolutionary technology that has the
potential to transform the way we consume & track energy.
• By providing real-time monitoring and control of energy consumption, it can
help users to reduce their energy usage, save money, and promote
sustainable energy consumption.
• IoT based smart energy metering refers to the use of internet-connected
devices to measure and monitor energy consumption in homes, buildings, or
entire communities.
• These IoT-based smart meters are equipped with sensors that can collect
data on energy usage and transmit that data over the internet to a cloud
database for advanced data analytics.

ADVANTAGES

1. Easy to Read and send data via wireless protocol using GSM technology
2. Easy to manage the meter as well as the line connection
3. GSM module the network coverage of the SIM used is one of the important facts
4. More reliable and higher degree of satisfaction and safety
5. Overall cost may reduce more

APPLICATIONS
• Applicable for big industries
• House hold purposes
• Luxurius malls and theaters
• .

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DESIGN PROCEDURE

13
 CHAPTER - 4
DESIGN PROCEDURE

SOFTWARE

1. IOT TECHNOLOGY (wifi technology)

ESP32 is a single 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi-and-Bluetooth combo chip designed with the TSMC ultra-low-
power 40 nm technology. It is designed to achieve the best power and RF performance, showing
robustness, versatility and reliability in a wide variety of applications and power scenarios.

FEATURES:

1. UltraLowPower Solution ESP32 is designed for mobile, wearable electronics, and

Internet-of-Things (IoT) applications. It features all the state-of-the-art characteristics of
low-power chips, including fine-grained clock gating, multiple power modes, and
dynamic power scaling. For instance, in a low-power IoT sensor hub application
scenario, ESP32 is woken up periodically only when a specified condition is detected.
Low-duty cycle is used to minimize the amount of energy that the chip expends. The
output of the power amplifier is also adjustable, thus contributing to an optimal trade-off
between communication range, data rate and power consumption.

2. Complete Integration Solution ESP32 is a highly-integrated solution for Wi-Fi-and-

Bluetooth IoT applications, with around 20 external components. ESP32 integrates an
antenna switch, RF balun, power amplifier, low-noise receive amplifier, filters, and
power management modules. As such, the entire solution occupies minimal Printed
Circuit Board (PCB) area. ESP32 uses CMOS for single-chip fully-integrated radio and
baseband, while also integrating advanced calibration circuitries that allow the solution to
remove external circuit imperfections or adjust to changes in external conditions. As
such, the mass production of ESP32 solutions does not require expensive and specialized
Wi-Fi testing equipment.

3. Clocks and Timers

• Internal 8 MHz oscillator with calibration

• Internal RC oscillator with calibration

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 • External 2 MHz ~ 60 MHz crystal oscillator (40 MHz only for Wi-Fi/Bluetooth
functionality)
• External 32 kHz crystal oscillator for RTC with calibration
• Two timer groups, including 2 × 64-bit timers and 1 × main watchdog in each
group
• One RTC timer
• RTC watchdog
4. Bluetooth Key Features

• Compliant with Bluetooth v4.2 BR/EDR and Bluetooth LE specifications

• Class-1, class-2 and class-3 transmitter without external power amplifier
• Enhanced Power Control
• +9 dBm transmitting power
• NZIF receiver with –94 dBm Bluetooth LE sensitivity
• Adaptive Frequency Hopping (AFH)
• Standard HCI based on SDIO/SPI/UART
• High-speed UART HCI, up to 4 Mbps
5. WiFi Key Features

• 802.11 b/g/n
• 802.11 n (2.4 GHz), up to 150 Mbps
• WMM • TX/RX A-MPDU, RX A-MSDU Immediate Block ACK
• Defragmentation
• Automatic Beacon monitoring (hardware TSF)
• 4 × virtual Wi-Fi interfaces
• Simultaneous support for Infrastructure Station, SoftAP, and Promiscuous
modes Note that when ESP32 is in Station mode, performing a scan, the SoftAP
channel will be changed.

• Antenna diversity
6. Security

• Secure boot
• Flash encryption
• 1024-bit OTP, up to 768-bit for customers
• Cryptographic hardware acceleration:

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 – AES
– Hash (SHA-2)
– RSA
– ECC
– Random Number Generator (RNG)
7. Advanced Peripheral Interfaces

• 34 × programmable GPIOs
• 12-bit SAR ADC up to 18 channels
• 2 × 8-bit DAC • 10 × touch sensors
• 4 × SPI • 2 × I2S • 2 × I2C • 3 × UART
• 1 host (SD/eMMC/SDIO)
• 1 slave (SDIO/SPI)
• Ethernet MAC interface with dedicated DMA and IEEE 1588 support

FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
CPU ESP32 contains one or two low-power Xtensa® 32-bit LX6 microprocessor(s) with the
following features:
• 7-stage pipeline to support the clock frequency of up to 240 MHz (160 MHz for ESP32-
S0WD)
• 16/24-bit Instruction Set provides high code-density
• Support for Floating Point Unit
• Support for DSP instructions, such as a 32-bit multiplier, a 32-bit divider, and a 40-bit
MAC
• Support for 32 interrupt vectors from about 70 interrupt sources The single-/dual-CPU
interfaces include:
• Xtensa RAM/ROM Interface for instructions and data
• Xtensa Local Memory Interface for fast peripheral register access
• External and internal interrupt sources
• JTAG for debugging

BLOCK DIAGRAM

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PIN DESCRIPTION

2.4 GHz Transmitter

The 2.4 GHz transmitter modulates the quadrature baseband signals to the 2.4 GHz RF
signal, and drives the antenna with a high-powered Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor
(CMOS) power amplifier. The use of digital calibration further improves the linearity of the

17
power amplifier, enabling state-of-the-art performance in delivering up to +20.5 dBm of power
for an 802.11b transmission and +18 dBm for an 802.11n transmission. Additional calibrations
are integrated to cancel any radio imperfections, such as:
• Carrier leakage
• I/Q phase matching
• Baseband nonlinearities
• RF nonlinearities
• Antenna matching These built-in calibration routines reduce the amount of time
required for product testing, and render the testing equipment unnecessary.
Clock Generator
The clock generator produces quadrature clock signals of 2.4 GHz for both the receiver
and the transmitter. All components of the clock generator are integrated into the chip, including
all inductors, varactors, filters, regulators and dividers. The clock generator has built-in
calibration and self-test circuits. Quadrature clock phases and phase noise are optimized on-chip
with patented calibration algorithms which ensure the best performance of the receiver and the
transmitter.
WiFi
ESP32 implements a TCP/IP and full 802.11 b/g/n Wi-Fi MAC protocol. It supports the
Basic Service Set (BSS) STA and SoftAP operations under the Distributed Control Function
(DCF). Power management is handled with minimal host interaction to minimize the active-duty
period.
Bluetooth
The chip integrates a Bluetooth link controller and Bluetooth baseband, which carry out
the baseband protocols and other low-level link routines, such as modulation/demodulation,
packet processing, bit stream processing, frequency hopping, etc.

NOD MCU – C++ PROGRAM

C++ is a programming language that can be used to develop IoT projects. C++ is a good choice
for IoT projects because it provides access to low-level system resources, reuse, maintainability,

18
and a modular approach. C++ is also portable and has a large number of ready-made

libraries.
IoT applications often involve processing a massive amount of data collected from
sensors. C++ offers powerful data processing capabilities through libraries like
OpenCV and Eigen. We can perform complex data analytics tasks like image
recognition or machine learning using these libraries.

const char auth[] = "ir9wtss6cDo4rGWZAnKUfJbgBKpgNkcC";

const char ssid[] = "Wokwi-GUEST";

const char pass[] = "";
#define BLYNK_TEMPLATE_ID "TMPL6T70krTot"
#define BLYNK_TEMPLATE_NAME "IoT Energy Meter"
//#define BLYNK_AUTH_TOKEN
"ir9wtss6cDo4rGWZAnKUfJbgBKpgNkcC"
#define BLYNK_PRINT Serial

#include <EEPROM.h>
// Include Libraries
#include <WiFi.h>
#include <WiFiClient.h>
#include <BlynkSimpleEsp32.h>
#include <Wire.h>
#include <ACS712.h>
#include "EmonLib.h"
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>

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//-----------------------------------------------
Pins-------------------------------------------------------
--------------------//
#define SOL_ADC 2
// Solar panel side voltage divider is connected to pin 2
#define BAT_ADC 4
// Battery side voltage divider is connected to pin 4
#define LOAD_CURRENT_ADC 19
// ACS 712 current sensor is connected to pin 19 for load
curremt
#define SOL_CURRENT_ADC 21
// ACS 712 current sensor is connected to pin 21 for solar
current
#define AVG_NUM 10
// number of iterations of the adc routine to average the
adc readings

// Variables for energy calculation

unsigned long lastMillis = millis();
const float vCalibration = 41.5;
// Constants for calibration
const float currCalibration = 0.15;
const int ledPin = 13;
// Set LED and physical button pins here
const int btnPin = 12;
int up = 15;
//Up button

20
int down = 18;
//Down button
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 20, 4);

//-----------------------------------------Counter to
change positions of
pages---------------------------------------//

int page_counter = 1 ;
//To move beetwen pages
unsigned long previousMillis = 0;
//Variables for autorreturn
unsigned long interval = 100;
//Desired wait time
float solar_volt = 0;
float bat_volt = 0;
float load_current = 0;
float solar_current = 0;
float offsetVoltage = 2.5;
// for ACS712 sensor
float Sensitivity = 0.66;
// 185mV/A for ACS712-5A variant,66mV/A for 30A
float last_time = 0;
float current_time = 0;
//long unsigned time = 0;
long unsigned msec = 0;
long unsigned last_msec = 0;

21
long unsigned elasped_msec = 0;
long unsigned elasped_time = 0;
float load_ampSecs = 0;
float load_ampHours = 0;
float load_watts = 0;
float load_wattSecs = 0;
float load_wattHours = 0;
float solar_ampSecs = 0;
float solar_ampHours = 0;
float solar_watts = 0;
float solar_wattSecs = 0;
float solar_wattHours = 0;
const int addrVrms = 0;
// EEPROM addresses for each variable
const int addrIrms = 4;
const int addrPower = 8;
const int addrKWh = 12;
float kWh = 0.0;
//----------------------------------------------------
Storage debounce
function---------------------------------------------------
----//
boolean current_up = LOW;
boolean last_up = LOW;
boolean last_down = LOW;
boolean current_down = LOW;

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EnergyMonitor emon1;
//Create an instance

BlynkTimer timer;
void checkPhysicalButton();

int ledState = LOW;

int btnState = HIGH;

// Every time we connect to the cloud...

BLYNK_CONNECTED() {
// Request the latest state from the server
//Blynk.syncVirtual(V5);

// Alternatively, you could override server state using:

//Blynk.virtualWrite(V2, ledState);
Blynk.virtualWrite(V0, emon1.Vrms);
Blynk.virtualWrite(V1, emon1.Irms);
Blynk.virtualWrite(V2,
emon1.apparentPower);
Blynk.virtualWrite(V3, kWh);
}

// When App button is pushed - switch the state

BLYNK_WRITE(V4) {
ledState = param.asInt();
digitalWrite(ledPin, ledState);
}

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void checkPhysicalButton()
{
if (digitalRead(btnPin) == LOW) {
// btnState is used to avoid sequential toggles
if (btnState != LOW) {

// Toggle LED state

ledState = !ledState;
digitalWrite(ledPin, ledState);
Blynk.virtualWrite(V0, emon1.Vrms);
Blynk.virtualWrite(V4, emon1.Irms);
Blynk.virtualWrite(V2,
emon1.apparentPower);
Blynk.virtualWrite(V3, kWh);
// Update Button Widget
//Blynk.virtualWrite(V5, ledState);
//Blynk.virtualWrite(V2, ledState);
}
btnState = LOW;
} else {
btnState = HIGH;
}
}
// Function prototypes
void sendEnergyDataToBlynk();
void readEnergyDataFromEEPROM();
void saveEnergyDataToEEPROM();

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void setup()
{
Serial.begin(9600);
//emon1.voltage(34, 0.5, 1.7);
// Voltage: input pin, calibration, phase_shift
//emon1.current(35, 1.1);
// Current: input pin, calibration.
lcd.init();
lcd.backlight();
lcd.setCursor(0, 0);
lcd.print(" IoT METER ");
lcd.setCursor(0, 1 );
lcd.print(" INITIALISE ");
lcd.setCursor(0, 2 );
lcd.print(" SUCCESS!!! ");
lcd.setCursor(0, 3 );
lcd.print("By IBRAHIM AHMED ");
delay(3000);
//lcd.clear();
Blynk.begin(auth, ssid, pass);
pinMode(ledPin, OUTPUT);
pinMode(btnPin, INPUT_PULLUP);
digitalWrite(ledPin, ledState);
// Initialize EEPROM with the size of the data to be
stored
EEPROM.begin(32); // Allocate 32 bytes for float values
(4 bytes each) and some extra space

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 // Read the stored energy data from EEPROM
readEnergyDataFromEEPROM();

emon1.voltage(35, vCalibration, 1.7); // Voltage: input

pin, calibration, phase_shift
emon1.current(34, currCalibration); // Current: input
pin, calibration
timer.setInterval(5000L, sendEnergyDataToBlynk);
timer.setInterval(100L, checkPhysicalButton);
// A small delay for system to stabilize
delay(1000);

//----------------------------------------------------
De-bouncing function for all
buttons----------------------------------------//
boolean debounce(boolean last, int pin)
{
boolean current = digitalRead(pin);
if (last != current)
{
//delay(5);
current = digitalRead(pin);
}
return current;
}

26
void loop()
{
Blynk.run();
timer.run();
read_data();
// read different sensors data from analog pin of esp32

emon1.calcVI(20,1000);
// Calculate all. No.of half wavelengths (crossings), time-
out
emon1.serialprint();
// Print out all variables (realpower, apparent power,
Vrms, Irms, power factor)
// Calculate energy consumed in kWh
unsigned long currentMillis = millis();
kWh += emon1.apparentPower * (currentMillis - lastMillis)
/ 3600000000.0;
lastMillis = currentMillis;
float realPower = emon1.realPower;
//extract Real Power into variable
float apparentPower = emon1.apparentPower;
//extract Apparent Power into variable
float powerFActor = emon1.powerFactor;
//extract Power Factor into Variable
float supplyVoltage = emon1.Vrms;
//extract Vrms into Variable

27
 float Irms = emon1.Irms;
//extract Irms into Variable

Serial.printf("Vrms: %.2fV\tIrms: %.4fA\tPower: %.4fW\

tkWh: %.5fkWh\n", //
Print data to Serial for debugging
emon1.Vrms, emon1.Irms,
emon1.apparentPower, kWh);
Blynk.virtualWrite(V0, emon1.Vrms);
Blynk.virtualWrite(V4, emon1.Irms);
Blynk.virtualWrite(V2,
emon1.apparentPower);
Blynk.virtualWrite(V3, kWh);
lcd.clear();

current_up = debounce(last_up, up);

//Debounce for Up button
current_down = debounce(last_down, down);
//Debounce for Down button

//-----------------------------------------------------Page
counter function to move
pages------------------------------------------------------
-----------//

if (last_up== LOW && current_up == HIGH){

//Page Up

28
 if(page_counter <4){
//Page counter never higher than 3(total of pages)
page_counter= page_counter +1;
//Page up
lcd.clear();
//When page is changed, lcd clear to print new page
}
else{
page_counter= 4;
}
}

last_up = current_up;

//Page Down
if (last_down== LOW && current_down == HIGH){
if(page_counter >1){
//Page counter never lower than 1 (total of pages)
page_counter= page_counter -1;
//Page down
lcd.clear();
//When page is changed, lcd clear to print new page
}
else{
page_counter= 1;
}
}

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 last_down = current_down;

ANDROID STUDIO – APP DESIGNING

Android is a complete set of software for mobile devices such as tablet computers,
notebooks, smartphones, electronic book readers, set-top boxes etc.

It contains a linux-based Operating System, middleware and key mobile

applications.

It can be thought of as a mobile operating system. But it is not limited to mobile

only. It is currently used in various devices such as mobiles, tablets, televisions etc.

android architecture or Android software stack is categorized into five parts:

1. linux kernel
2. native libraries (middleware),
3. Android Runtime
4. Application Framework
5. Applications

Let's see the android architecture first.

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HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

1. ARDUINO CONTROLLER

The microcontroller Pic comprises of EEPROM, CCP, system service processor,

program segment prefix, add with carrying segments, In-circuit serial
programming processor and LCD. The Arduino comprises of 2kb of SRAM and
32kb of flash memory. It operates on 5v to 6.6V. The power supply of Arduino lies
between 6V and 20V. a microcontroller board based on 8-bit ATmega328P
microcontroller. Along with ATmega328P, it consists other components such as
crystal oscillator, serial communication, voltage regulator, etc. to support the
microcontroller. It can be programmed using C and C++ language.

31
32
 Microcontroller Arduino– 8 bit AVR family
microcontroller

Recommended Input Voltage 7-12V

Input Voltage Limits 6-20V

Analog Input Pins 6 (A0-A5)

14 (Out of which 6 provide

Digital I/O Pins
PWM output)

Memory 2kB

2. POWER SUPPLY SECTION

12V 7Ah batteries are used here for power supply purpose. 12V 7Ah
batteries were built only as Sealed Lead Acid (SLA) batteries. 12V 7Ah batteries
feature physical dimensions of (L x W x H) 5.94 x 2.56 x 3.7 inches. 12V 7Ah
batteries feature a nominal voltage of 12V and a nominal (20h) capacity of 7Ah.

Lead-Acid Battery:
Where high values of load current are necessary, the lead-acid cell is the
type most commonly used.
The electrolyte is a dilute solution of sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄). In the
application of battery power to start the engine in an auto mobile, for example, the
load current to the starter motor is typically 200 to 400A. One cell has a nominal
output of 2.1V, but lead-acid cells are often used in a series combination of three
for a 6-V battery and six for a 12-V battery.
The lead acid cell type is a secondary cell or storage cell, which can be
recharged. The charge and discharge cycle can be repeated many times to restore
the output voltage, as long as the cell is in good physical condition. However, heat

33
with excessive charge and discharge currents shortends the useful life to about 3 to
5 years for an automobile battery. Of the different types of secondary cells, the
lead-acid type has the highest output voltage, which allows fewer cells for a
specified battery voltage.

3. IOT DETAIL

An IoT chip is a small electronic device embedded in objects, machines, and

electronic devices. It connects to wireless networks and sends and receives data.
Sometimes referred to as a "radio chip", the IoT chip contains the same technology
and data circuits found in mobile phones (but without a display or a keypad).

5. CLOUD

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An IoT cloud is a massive network that supports IoT devices and applications. This
includes the underlying infrastructure, servers and storage, needed for real-time
operations and processing. An IoT cloud also includes the services and standards
necessary for connecting, managing, and securing different IoT devices and
applications.

6. BUZZER:

A buzzer or beeper is an audio signalling device, which may be mechanical,

electromechanical, or piezoelectric (piezo for short). Typical uses of buzzers and
beepers include alarm devices, timers, and confirmation of user input such as a
mouse click or keystroke.

35
BILL OF MATERIALS

36
 BILL OF MATERIALS

Sl.No
Description of Parts No. off
.

1 ENERGY CONSUMPTION UNIT 1SET

2 VOLTAGE/CURRENT SENSOR 1SET

3 ARDUNIO CONTROLLER 1SET

4 IOT MODULE 1

5 LCD DISPLAY 1

6 RELAY DRIVERS 1

7 IOT APP CREATION -

37
CONCLUSION

38
 CONCLUSION

As the world moves towards a more sustainable future, Smart Energy Metering
using IoT will play a crucial role in shaping the future of energy consumption.
Smart energy metering can help businesses to improve their overall energy
efficiency by identifying assets & equipment that are consuming higher energy
than they should and implementing strategies to rectify the issue.
Smart energy meters can be accessed remotely, allowing users to monitor their
energy usage from anywhere, using a smartphone or other device.

39
REFERENCES

40
 REFERENCES

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[2] AnmarArif, Muhannad AI-Hussain, Nawaf AI-Mutairi, Essam AI- Ammar

Yasin Khan and Nazar Malik,2013 Experimental Study and Design of Smart
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[4] Claudio De Capua, Gianluca Lipari, MariacarlaLugarà , Rosario Morello

DIIES, University Mediterranea of Reggio Calabria Reggio Calabria, Italy,2014 A
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[6] Himshekhar Das, L.C.Saikia,2015 GSM Enabled Smart Energy Meter and
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[7] Labib Labib, Masum Billah, G.M. Sultan Mahmud Rana, Md. Nazmus Sadat,
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