GHOUSIA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,

RAMANAGARA

DEPARTMENT OF BCA
COURSE: ESSENTIALS OF COMPUTER LABORATORY MANUAL

COURSE CODE: BCAL108

1st SEMESTER, BCA

1. Word Processor assignment to demonstrate usage of Page Setup, Page Background and
Paragraph option of Page Layout tab by writing the description about Computer and its
characteristics.
 Page Setup:
 Page Background:
 Paragraph:

1. Page Setup:
Margins option can be used to adjust the page’s margins.
 Normal margins for a standard layout
 Narrow to make the most of the page space. Or
 Custom Margins to create a more personalized document.
Orientation: option helps set the page’s layout as Portrait (vertical) or Landscape (horizontal).
Size: option allows you to select the paper size for the document. Choose A4 or Letter
depending on your requirement.

2. Page Background:
Watermark:
Watermark feature to add a subtle text or image behind the content. A common watermark
might be “Draft” or “Confidential,”
Page Color: to change the page background color to something light and subtle, such as a soft
light gray or beige to keep the document professional.
Borders: To add a decorative border around the document, use the Page Borders feature. You
can select a simple line or a fancy design. A thin black border works well for a professional
look.

3. Paragraph Formatting:
Alignment: Use the Align Left option for most of the document text, but for the title and
subheadings, use Center alignment to make them stand out.
Spacing: Set the paragraph spacing using the Line and Paragraph Spacing options. For body
text, select 1.15 for line spacing to ensure readability, and for Before and After paragraphs, use
6pt to create a clear separation between sections.
Indentation: To indent the first line of each paragraph to make the text more readable. Go to the
Indentation settings under Paragraph and set the First Line indent to 0.5 inches.
Output:

Computer and its Characteristics:

Computer: Computer is a electronic device which accepts a input from the user and gives a
information after process.

Characteristics of a Computer:

1. Speed:
Computers are known for their high-speed data processing capabilities. They can perform
millions of operations per second, allowing for rapid execution of complex tasks.
2. Accuracy:
One of the key benefits of computers is their accuracy. Computers follow instructions without
error, provided the instructions are correct.
3. Automation:
Computers can automate repetitive tasks, saving time and effort. Once programmed, a computer
can perform the same task repeatedly without human intervention.
4. Storage:
Computers offer vast storage capabilities, from hard drives to cloud storage, which can hold
large amounts of data and make it easily accessible.
5. Connectivity:
Modern computers can connect to the internet and other devices, enabling communication and
information sharing across the globe.
2. Word Processor assignment to demonstrate Bullets and Numbering, Headers and footers.

Create a Header:

1. Click the Insert tab.

2. Click the Header command.

3. In the menu that appears, choose a desired header layout (called content control).
4. Enter any desired information on the header.
5. Double-click on the body of page (or press the Esc key) to close the header. The header will be
on the top of each page.

Create a Footer

Footer – a section of information that appears at the bottom margin of each page of a
document.

1. Click the Insert tab.

2. Click the Footer command.

3. In the menu that appears, choose a desired footer layout.
 4. Enter any desired information on the footer. The footer will be at the bottom of each page.

5. Double-click on the body of page (or press the Esc key) to close the footer.

Bulleted or Numbered Lists

Bullet – a dot, a small circle, diamond, or other symbols that is found before the text (a phrase,
sentence or paragraph, etc.) to help organize information, make it easier to read, or differentiate
between the different points.

Insert a bulleted list (a list whose items are bulleted)

1. Select the text you wish to format as a list.

2. Click the Bullets icon.

3. Click to select a bullet symbol (i.e., a dot, a small circle, diamond) that you wish to use for the
bullet.
4. Deselect the text.

Insert a numbered list (a list whose items are numbered or lettered)

1. Select the text you wish to format as a list.

2. Click the Numbering icon.

3. Click to select a number or letter symbol that you wish to use for the list.

3. Deselect the text.

When you delete or add items in the list, or change the numbering format of the style, the
numbers / letters in a list are updated automatically.
3. Word Processor assignment to demonstrate usage of mail merge by creating a letter to
invite your parents for the annual day event. Prepare at least 5 letters.
 Mail-Merge

 Open Microsoft word 2007.

 Go to Mailing > Start Mail merge >step by step mail wizard.

 Select the document type, choose Letters.

 Click Next: Select recipients. Create a new list of Recipiets.

 Click Next: Write your letter.

 Then preview your letter.

 Click next & make any changes if required.

 Then click Complete the Merge

 Click Edit Individual letter & click all or any other option according to requirement

 Select Ok. Microsoft will open new document that contains all individual letters.
 4. Word Processor assignment to demonstrate usage of tables and encryption by preparing the
timetable.
• To insert a table in MS Word, follow the following steps:

Step 1. Wherever you want the table to go, position the cursor there.

Step 2. To create a simple table, select Insert > Table and then drag the cursor over the grid to
highlight the desired number of columns and rows.

Step 3. Select Insert > Table > Insert Table to create a bigger table or to edit an existing table.

Step 4. The document will insert a table with the specified number of rows and columns.

Day/Time 9-10 10- 10:55 11:05- 11:55- 12:45 1:45- 2:25 3:25
10:55 - 11:55 12:45 -1:45 2:25 - -
11:05 3:25 4:15
Monday CE KAN B CPRO EVS L Clan Lab- 
G g
Tuesday IKS ENG R CE MATH U < -CE-- Lab ->
S
Wednesday MAT CPRO E ENG KAN N EVS
HS G
Thrusday ENG CE A CPRO MATH C IKS
G S
Friday CPR ENG K MATH CE H KAN
OG S
Saturday

5. Demonstrate usage of formulas and charts in spreadsheet as directed below:

a. Create a spreadsheet with following components:

b. Insert the name and marks of 3 subjects of 5 or more students.
c. Calculate total marks obtained and percentage.
d. Calculate the grade by applying following criteria:
i. If percentage >=90, then grade A
ii. If percentage >=75 and <90, then grade B
iii. If percentage >=60 and <75, then grade C
iv. If percentage >=50 and <60, then grade D
v. If percentage <50, then grade E

e. Insert column charts for various subjects

f. Insert pie chart for one student depicting composition of 3 subject marks.

SL No Student Sub 1 Sub 2 Sub 3 Total Percentage Grade

Name

A student marks card in Excel with grades:

 Excel Sheet Layout:

SL No Student Sub 1 Sub 2 Sub 3 Total Percentage Grade

Name
1 Alex 85 78 92 255 85 B
2 Aditi 92 88 79 259 86.33 A
3 Carl 48 55 50 153 51 D
4 Cameron 75 72 68 215 71.67 C
5 Dayana 82 78 68 228 76 B

1. Student Name: The name of the student.

2. Subject 1 to 5: Marks obtained in five subjects.
3. Total Marks: Sum of the marks in all subjects (calculated by the formula =SUM(B2:F2)).
4. Percentage: The percentage of total marks, calculated as (Total Marks / 500) * 100
(formula =H2/500*100).
5. Grade: The grade is calculated based on the percentage using nested IF formulas.

Grade Formula:
The grade calculation is done based on the following logic:
=IF(I2>=90, "A", IF(I2>=75, "B", IF(I2>=60, "C", IF(I2>=50, "D", "E"))))
This formula checks the percentage and assigns the corresponding grade:
 A for percentage >= 90
 B for percentage between 75 and 89
 C for percentage between 60 and 74
 D for percentage between 50 and 59
 E for percentage < 50

Student
SL No Sub 1 Sub 2 Sub 3 Total Percentage Grade
Name

2 Aditi 94 95 98 287 96 A
1 Alex 85 78 92 255 85 B
5 Dayana 82 78 68 228 76 B
4 Cameron 75 72 68 215 72 C
6 Edward 48 55 50 153 51 D
3 Carl 32 30 33 95 32 E

Chart Title
MARKS GRADE
100 Alex
80 90 A
60
40 75 B
20 60 C

0 1 2 3 4 5
1 2 3 4 5 6
Cameron
14%15%
14%
43% 14%
 50 D

40 E

30 F

Chart Title
100
80
60
40
20
0
1 2 3 4 5 6

6. Demonstrate usage of data validation in the spreadsheet as directed below: a. Create a spreadsheet
with following components:
a. Insert 5 employee details in the columns Emp No., Emp Name, DOB, Basic Salary.
b. Add drop-down data validation for Gender and Designation columns
c. Add a formula to calculate Age based on DOB
d. Add the formula to calculate
i. DA as 35% of Basic salary,
ii. HRA as 25% of Basic salary
iii. Deduction as 10% of Basic salary
e. Add the formula to calculate Gross Salary and Net Salary

EmpN Emp Gende Designatio DO Ag Basic D HR Gros Deducto Net

o Nam r n B e Salar A A s n salar
e y y

Step 1: Data Entry (Insert Employee Details)

1. Start by entering the basic employee details (Emp No., Emp Name, DOB, and Basic Salary) for 5
employees:

Emp No. Emp Name DOB Gender Designation Basic Salary

101 John Doe 01/01/1985 Manager 50000

102 Jane Smith 15/03/1990 Assistant 40000

103 Sam Brown 10/11/1982 Executive 30000

104 Emma Green 21/06/1995 Clerk 25000

105 Mark White 12/07/1988 Supervisor 45000

Step 2: Add Drop-Down Data Validation for Gender and Designation

1. For Gender (Column D):

o Select the cells in the Gender column (D2:D6).
o Go to the Data tab and click on Data Validation.
 o In the Data Validation dialog box, under Allow, select List.
o In the Source field, type Male,Female (without quotes).
o Click OK. Now, the Gender column will have a drop-down list with options "Male" and
"Female".

2. For Designation (Column E):

o Select the cells in the Designation column (E2:E6).
o Go to the Data tab and click on Data Validation.
o In the Data Validation dialog box, under Allow, select List.
o In the Source field, type Manager,Assistant,Executive,Clerk,Supervisor
(without quotes).
o Click OK. Now, the Designation column will have a drop-down list with the options
provided.

Step 3: Add Formula to Calculate Age Based on DOB

To calculate Age based on the DOB, we use the DATEDIF function. The formula will compute
the difference between the current date (TODAY()) and the date of birth.

 In G2 (Age for Employee 1), use the following formula:

 =DATEDIF(C2, TODAY(), "Y")

This formula calculates the difference between the employee's DOB (column C) and
the current date in years.

 Drag the formula down from G2 to G6 to calculate the Age for all employees.

Step 4: Add Formulas for DA, HRA, and Deduction

1. DA (35% of Basic Salary):

o In H2, enter the following formula to calculate DA:
o =F2*0.35
o This formula calculates 35% of the Basic Salary (column F).

2. HRA (25% of Basic Salary):

o In I2, enter the following formula to calculate HRA:
o =F2*0.25
o This formula calculates 25% of the Basic Salary (column F).

3. Deduction (10% of Basic Salary):

o In J2, enter the following formula to calculate Deduction:
o =F2*0.10
o This formula calculates 10% of the Basic Salary (column F).

Step 5: Add Formulas for Gross Salary and Net Salary

1. Gross Salary: The Gross Salary is the sum of the Basic Salary, DA, and HRA.
o In K2, enter the following formula to calculate the Gross Salary:
o =F2+H2+I2

2. Net Salary: The Net Salary is the Gross Salary minus Deduction.
o In L2, enter the following formula to calculate the Net Salary:
 o =K2-J2
Step 6: Fill Down the Formulas for All Employees
Once you've entered the formulas for Employee 1 (row 2), you can drag the formulas down for
the other employees (rows 3 to 6):
 Select the formula cell in G2 for Age, then drag the fill handle (the small square at the bottom
right of the cell) down to G6.
 Repeat this process for columns H, I, J, K, and L to apply the formulas for all employees.

Final Spreadsheet Layout:

Gros
Em Emp Basic Net
Gende Designa Ag Deducti s
p Nam DOB Salar DA HRA Salar
r tion e on Salar
No. e y y
y

John 01/01/19 5000 1750 1250 8000 7500

101 Male Manager 40 5000
Doe 85 0 0 0 0 0

Jane
15/03/19 Femal 4000 1400 1000 6400 6000
102 Smit Assistant 34 4000
90 e 0 0 0 0 0
h

Sam
10/11/19 Executiv 3000 1050 4800 4500
103 Brow Male 42 7500 3000
82 e 0 0 0 0
n

Emm
a 21/06/19 Femal 2500 4000 3750
104 Clerk 29 8750 6250 2500
Gree 95 e 0 0 0
n

Mark
12/07/19 Supervis 4500 1575 1125 7200 6750
105 Whit Male 36 4500
88 or 0 0 0 0 0
e

Emp Gen Design Basic DA(3 HRA( Gros Deducto

EmpNo DOB Age Net salary
Name der ation Salary 5%) 25%) s n(10%)

GCEEMP MAL PRINCI 25/10/ 2880

Alexa 38 18000 6300 4500 2880 25920
001 E PAL 1985 0

GCEEMP FEM 16/12/ 2720

Bhavani HOD 34 17000 5950 4250 2720 24480
002 ALE 1990 0

GCEEMP MAL PROFE 02/05/ 2560

Chethana 33 16000 5600 4000 2560 23040
003 E SSOR 1991 0
ASSOCI
GCEEMP FEM ATE 19/08/ 1920
Divya 32 12000 4200 3000 1920 17280
004 ALE PROFE 1992 0
SSOR
 ASSIST
GCEEMP MAL ANT 29/10/ 1440
Dhruva 30 9000 3150 2250 1440 12960
005 E PROFE 1994 0
SSOR

ASSIST
GCEEMP FEM ANT 30/05/ 1200
Neha 27 7500 2625 1875 1200 10800
006 ALE PROFE 1997 0
SSOR

Summary of Formulas:

1. Age:
Formula: =DATEDIF(C2, TODAY(), "Y")
2. DA (35% of Basic Salary):
Formula: =F2*0.35
3. HRA (25% of Basic Salary):
Formula: =F2*0.25
4. Deduction (10% of Basic Salary):
Formula: =F2*0.10
5. Gross Salary:
Formula: =F2+H2+I2
6. Net Salary:
Formula: =K2-J2

7. Demonstrate conditional formatting in spreadsheet as directed below:

a. Create an attendance spreadsheet for 10 students.
b. Mark P for present and A for absent for respective dates.
c. Apply formula to calculate “No. of classes attended” and “Attendance Percentage”
columns.
d. Apply conditional formatting to highlight a student if “Attendance Percentage” is less than
85%.

USN Name Date 1 Date 2 Date 3 - Date N No. of Attendance

classes percentage
attended

To demonstrate conditional formatting and the calculation of attendance data for a set of
students, follow these steps to create an attendance spreadsheet as described:

Step-by-Step Guide for Creating the Attendance Spreadsheet

1. Data Structure: The spreadsheet will contain the following columns:
o USN (University Serial Number)
o Name
o Date 1, Date 2, Date 3, ..., Date N (for each class attendance)
 oNo. of Classes Attended
oAttendance Percentage
Example Data Layout:
Date Date Date Date Date Date No. of Classes Attendance
USN Name
1 2 3 4 5 6 Attended Percentage

12345678 John Doe P A P P A P

23456789 Jane Smith A P P A A P

Sam
34567890 P P A P P A
Brown

Emma
45678901 P P P P P P
Green

Mark
56789012 A A A P P A
White

67890123 Lisa Black P A A P A P

78901234 Alex Blue A P P A P P

Emily
89012345 P P P P A A
Stone

90123456 David Lee A P A A P P

Sarah
01234567 P A P A P P
White

2. Step 1: Mark P for Present and A for Absent for Each Student
For each Date X column (Date 1, Date 2, etc.), you will enter either P (present) or A (absent) to
represent the student's attendance.

3. Step 2: Formula to Calculate "No. of Classes Attended" In the "No. of Classes Attended"
column (let’s assume it’s column I), use the COUNTIF function to count how many "P" values
(present) appear for each student across the Date columns (Date 1, Date 2, Date 3, ..., Date N).
For example, for Student 1 (row 2), use the following formula in I2:
=COUNTIF(C2:H2, "P")
o This counts how many "P" (present) values are there in columns C to H (Date 1 to
Date 6) for Student 1.
o Copy this formula down to calculate the No. of Classes Attended for all students.

4. Step 3: Formula to Calculate "Attendance Percentage" To calculate the Attendance

Percentage, you can use the following formula in J2:

5. =I2/COUNTA(C2:H2)*100
o I2 contains the No. of Classes Attended, and COUNTA(C2:H2) counts the total
number of dates (classes) that the student is marked for.
 o This formula divides the number of classes attended by the total number of dates and
multiplies it by 100 to get the Attendance Percentage.

Copy this formula down to calculate the Attendance Percentage for all students.

5. Step 4: Apply Conditional Formatting for Attendance Percentage < 85% Now,
let’s apply conditional formatting to highlight students whose Attendance
Percentage is less than 85%.
1. Select the Attendance Percentage column (for example, column J2:J11).
2. Go to the Home tab in Excel.
3. Click on Conditional Formatting.
4. Choose New Rule.
5. Select Format only cells that contain.
6. In the Format cells that contain section, choose Cell Value in the first drop-down,
then select less than in the second drop-down.
7. In the value field, type 85.
8. Click on Format, choose a fill color (such as red), and then click OK.
9. Click OK again to apply the rule.
Now, all students with an Attendance Percentage less than 85% will be highlighted in the
chosen color (e.g., red).

Final Example Spreadsheet:

Date Date Date Date Date Date No. of Classes Attendance
USN Name
1 2 3 4 5 6 Attended Percentage

12345678 John Doe P A P P A P 4 66.67%

23456789 Jane Smith A P P A A P 3 50.00%

Sam
34567890 P P A P P A 4 66.67%
Brown

Emma
45678901 P P P P P P 6 100.00%
Green

Mark
56789012 A A A P P A 2 33.33%
White

67890123 Lisa Black P A A P A P 3 50.00%

78901234 Alex Blue A P P A P P 4 66.67%

Emily
89012345 P P P P A A 4 66.67%
Stone

90123456 David Lee A P A A P P 3 50.00%

Sarah
01234567 P A P A P P 4 66.67%
White
 Attend
No. of
ance
USN Name Date 1 Date 2 Date 3 Date 4 Date 5 Date 6 Classes
Percen
Attended
tage
John 83,333
12345678 P P A P P P
Doe 5 33
Jane 66,666
23456789 A P P P A P
Smith 4 67
Sam 66,666
34567890 P P A P P A
Brown 4 67
Emma
45678901 P P P P P P
Green 6 100
Mark 33,333
56789012 A A A P P A
White 2 33
Lisa
67890123 P A A P A P
Black 3 50
Alex 83,333
78901234 A P P P P P
Blue 5 33
Emily 66,666
89012345 P P P P A A
Stone 4 67
David
90123456 A P A A P P
Lee 3 50
Sarah 83,333
1234567 P P P A P P
White 5 33

Summary of Actions Taken:

1. Marked attendance for each student with "P" (present) or "A" (absent).
2. Formulas were applied to calculate:
o No. of Classes Attended: Using COUNTIF.
o Attendance Percentage: Using the formula =I2/COUNTA(C2:H2)*100.
3. Conditional Formatting was applied to highlight students with an Attendance Percentage less
than 85%.

8. Create a power-point presentation to demonstrate the following:

a. Layout option
b. Insertion of date, time and slide numbers
c. Insertion of Symbols
Step 1: Layout Option

1. Open PowerPoint and create a new presentation.

2. Select the Layout for Each Slide:
o Go to the Home tab.
o In the Slides group, click on Layout to choose different slide layouts for different
purposes (e.g., Title Slide, Title and Content, Blank, etc.).
 For instance:
 Slide 1: Use Title Slide for the main heading.
 Slide 2: Use Title and Content for explaining the layout options.
 Slide 3: Use Blank if you want to customize the content completely.
3. Demonstrate Different Layouts:
o On Slide 2 (or any other), you could write about the different layouts in PowerPoint
like Title Slide, Section Header, Two Content, Comparison, Blank, etc.
o You could insert text and images explaining when to use each layout.

Step 2: Insertion of Date, Time, and Slide Numbers

1. Insert Date and Time:

o Go to the Insert tab.
o In the Text group, click Date & Time.
o In the Header and Footer dialog box that appears, check the Date and time box.
o You can select Update automatically if you want the date and time to be dynamic and
always show the current date when the presentation is opened.
o Choose the format for the date and click Apply to All if you want it on all slides.

2. Insert Slide Numbers:

o Go to the Insert tab again.
o In the Text group, click Slide Number.
o In the Header and Footer dialog box that appears, check the Slide number box.
o Click Apply to All to insert slide numbers on every slide.

The date, time, and slide numbers should now appear at the designated areas on each
slide.

Step 3: Insertion of Symbols

1. Insert Symbols:
o Go to the Insert tab.
o In the Symbols group, click Symbol (it's typically the last option on the right).
o A dialog box will appear showing various symbols.
o Select a symbol you’d like to insert (e.g., arrows, copyright sign, math symbols, etc.).
o Click Insert to place the symbol on your slide. You can also change the font or use the
Character code field to find a specific symbol quickly
9. Create a power-point presentation to demonstrate the following:
a. Themes
b. Transitions
c. Animation

Step 1: Using Themes

1. Open PowerPoint and create a new presentation.

2. Apply a Theme to the Presentation:
o Go to the Design tab.
o In the Themes group, you’ll see various theme options.
o Click on a theme you like to apply it to the entire presentation.
 Themes include pre-designed backgrounds, font styles, colors, and effects.
o You can also use the Variants section under the Themes group to choose different
color schemes and styles for the theme you’ve applied.

3. Demonstrate Themes on a Slide:

o Create a few slides with different content.
o For each slide, show how applying a new theme changes the overall look and feel of
the presentation.

Step 2: Adding Transitions Between Slides

1. Select a Slide for Transition:

o Go to the Transitions tab.
o Select a slide from your presentation.

2. Apply a Transition:
o In the Transition to This Slide group, choose a transition effect (e.g., Fade, Push,
Wipe, Zoom, etc.).
o Click on the transition effect to apply it to the selected slide.

3. Apply Transitions to All Slides:

o If you want the same transition for all slides, click on the Apply To All button in the
Transitions tab.

4. Adjust Transition Settings:

o You can adjust the Duration of the transition in the Timing group.
o If you want the slides to advance automatically, check the After box and set the
duration (e.g., 5 seconds).

5. Demonstrate Transitions:
o Create a few slides and apply different transitions to demonstrate how each transition
affects the flow of the presentation.
o You can preview each transition by clicking the Preview button in the Transitions tab.

Step 3: Adding Animations to Objects

1. Select an Object to Animate:

o Choose an object (text, image, shape, etc.) on a slide that you want to animate.
2. Apply an Animation:
o Go to the Animations tab.
o In the Animation group, choose an animation style (e.g., Appear, Fade, Fly In, Zoom,
etc.).
o Click on the animation effect you want to apply.

3. Customize the Animation:

o You can adjust the Effect Options to change the direction or sequence of the
animation (for example, "From Left," "From Right").
o Use the Animation Pane (found under the Advanced Animation group) to see and
manage all animations on the slide.

4. Set Animation Timing:

o In the Timing group, adjust the Start option:
 On Click – Animation occurs when clicked.
 With Previous – Animation starts with the previous animation.
 After Previous – Animation starts automatically after the previous one
finishes.
o You can also adjust the Duration and Delay for each animation.

5. Demonstrate Animations:
o Add multiple animations to different objects on a slide to show how they interact with
one another.
o Use the Animation Pane to organize the order of animations and make the
presentation more dynamic.