Participant Handbook

Sector
IT-ITeS

Sub-Sector
Future Skills

Occupation
3D Printing

Reference ID: SSC/Q8901, Version 2.0

NSQF Level 6

3D Printing
Consultant
Participant Handbook

Published by
IT - ITeS Sector Skill Council NASSCOM
Sector Skill Council Contact Details:

Address: Plot No. - 7, 8, 9 & 10 Sector - 126, Noida, Uttar Pradesh - 201303
New Delhi - 110049
Website: www.sscnasscom.com
Phone: 0120 4990111 - 0120 4990172
All Rights Reserved©2024
Copyright©2024
Second Edition, August, 2024
IT - ITeS Sector Skill Council NASSCOM
Sector Skill Council Contact Details:
Address: Plot No. - 7, 8, 9 & 10 Sector - 126, Noida, Uttar Pradesh - 201303
New Delhi - 110049
Website: www.sscnasscom.com
Phone: 0120 4990111 - 0120 4990172
This book is sponsored by IT - ITeS Sector Skill Council NASSCOM
Under Creative Commons Licence: CC-BY-SA
Attribution - ShareAlike: CC BY-SA

This license lets others remix, tweak, and build upon your work even for commercial purposes, as long as
they credit you and license their new creations under the identical terms. This license is often compared to
“copyleft” free and open-source software licenses. All new works based on yours will carry the same license,
so any derivatives will also allow commercial use. This is the license used by Wikipedia and is recommended
for materials that would benefit from incorporating content from Wikipedia and similarly licensed projects.

Disclamer
The information contained herein has been obtained from sources reliable to IT - ITES Sector Skill Council
NASSCOM. NASSCOM disclaims all warranties to the accuracy, completeness or adequacy of such
information. NASSCOM shall have no liability for errors, omissions, or inadequacies, in the information
contained herein, or for interpretations thereof. Every effort has been made to trace the owners of the
copyright material included in the book. The publishers would be grateful for any omissions brought to
their notice for acknowledgements in future editions of the book. No entity in NASSCOM shall be responsible
for any loss whatsoever, sustained by any person who relies on this material. The material in this publication
is copyrighted. No parts of this publication may be reproduced, stored or distributed in any form or by any
means either on paper or electronic media, unless authorized by the NASSCOM.

ii
 3D Printing Consultant

iii
Participant Handbook

cate
COMPLIANCE TO
QUALIFICATION PACK - NATIONAL OCCUPATIONAL
STANDARDS
is hereby issued by the
IT-ITeS Sector Skills Council NASSCOM
for

SKILLING CONTENT: PARTICIPANT HANDBOOK

Complying to Na andards of
Job Role/Qualifica oPack: “3D Printing Consultant” QP No. SSC/Q8901, NSQF Level 6

Date of Issuance: 25/06/2020

Valid up to*: 25/06/2025
Autorised Signatory
*Valid up to the next review date of the Qualification Pack or the (IT-ITeS Sector Skills Council NASSCOM)
‘Valid up to’ date men onedabove (whichever is earlier)

iv
 3D Printing Consultant

Acknowledgements
This participant’s handbook meant for 3D Printing Consultant is a sincere attempt to ensure the availability
of all the relevant information to the existing and prospective job holders in this job role. We have
compiled the content with inputs from the relevant Subject Matter Experts (SMEs) and industry members
to ensure it is the latest and authentic. We express our sincere gratitude to all the SMEs and industry
members who have made invaluable contributions to the completion of this participant’s handbook.
This handbook will help deliver skill-based training in the 3D Printing Consultant. We hope that it will
benefit all the stakeholders, such as participants, trainers, and evaluators. We have made all efforts to
ensure the publication meets the current quality standards for the successful delivery of QP/NOS-based
training programs. We welcome and appreciate any suggestions for future improvements to this handbook.

v
Participant Handbook

About this Guide

This participant handbook has been designed to serve as a guide for participants who aim to obtain the
required knowledge and skills to undertake various activities in the role of 3D Printing Consultant. Its
content has been aligned with the latest Qualification Pack (QP) prepared for the job role. With a qualified
trainer’s guidance, the participants will be equipped with the following for working efficiently in the job
role:
• Knowledge and Understanding: The relevant operational knowledge and understanding to
perform the required tasks.
• Performance Criteria: The essential skills through hands-on training to perform the required
operations to the applicable quality standards.
• Professional Skills: The ability to make appropriate operational decisions about the field of work.
The handbook details the relevant activities to be carried out by an 3D Printing Software Developer.

The handbook details the relevant activities to be carried out by an 3D Printing Consultant. After studying
this handbook, job holders will be adequately skilled in carrying out their duties according to the applicable
quality standards. The handbook is aligned with the following National Occupational Standards (NOS)
detailed in the latest and approved version of 3D Printing Consultant.

Symbols Used

Key Learning Steps Exercise Tips Notes Unit Summary

Outcomes Objectives

vi
 3D Printing Consultant

Table of Contents
S. No. Modules and Units Page No.

1. IT-ITeS/BPM/SPD Industry An Introduction (Bridge Module) 1

Unit 1.1 - Understanding the IT-ITeS Sector 3

Unit 1.2 - Dynamics and Evolution of the IT-ITeS Sector 15

Unit 1.3 - Roles and Responsibilities of 3D Printing Consultant 24

2. Future Skills - An Introduction (Bridge Module) 29

Unit 2.1 - Overview of the Future Skills Sub-Sector 31

3. Business case analysis 3D printing technology implementation 41

SSC/N8901

Unit 3.1 - Introduction to 3D Printing Consultant 43

Unit 3.2 - Business Requirement Analysis 63

4. Strategize Enterprise-Grade Roadmaps from Conceptualization (SSC/ 87

N8902)

Unit 4.1 - Technology Implementation 89

5. Strategies to build innovative products/solutions and ways to leverage 111

new-age technologies (SSC/N8903)

Unit 5.1 - Technological innovation & Continuous improvement 113

6. Assess and Screen Technology Vendors, OEM Partners (SSC/N8904) 145

Unit 6.1 - Vendor Assessment 147

7. Advanced 3D printing design techniques and process flow improvement 167

solutions (SSC/N8905)

Unit 7.1 - Process Improvement 169

8. Workshops and long terms engagements to scale up the awareness of 191

3D printing technologies (SSC/N8906)

Unit 8.1 - 3D Printing Sales, Marketing &Training 193

vii
Participant Handbook

S. No. Modules and Units Page No.

9. Inclusive and Environmentally Sustainable Workplaces (SSC/N9014) 213

Unit 9.1 - Sustainable Practices in the Workplace 215

Unit 9.2 - Diversity and Equity Promotion Strategies in the Workplace 224

10. Employability Skills (60 Hours) (DGT/VSQ/N0102) 237

It is recommended that all training include the appropriate.

Employability Skills Module. Content for the same can be accessed
https://www.skillindiadigital.gov.in/content/list

11. Annexure 239

Annexure I - QR Codes -Video Links 240

viii
1. I T-ITeS/BPM/SPD
Industry An
Introduction
Unit 1.1 - Understanding the IT-ITeS Sector
Unit 1.2 - Dynamics and Evolution of the IT-ITeS Sector
Unit 1.3 - Roles & Responsibilities of 3D Printing Consultant

Bridge Module
Participant Handbook

Key Learning Outcomes

At the end of this module, you will be able to:
1. Explain the relevance of the IT-ITeS sector
2. State the various sub- sectors in the IT-ITeS sector
3. Detail the nature of work performed across the sub- sectors
4. List organizations in the sector
5. Discuss the evolution of the sub sectors and the way forward
6. Explain the disruptions happening across the IT- ITeS sector

2
 3D Printing Consultant

Unit 1.1 - Understanding the IT-ITeS Sector

Unit Objectives
At the end of this unit, you will be able to:
1. Explain the relevance of the IT-ITeS sector
2. State the various sub-sectors in the IT-ITeS sector
3. Detail the nature of work performed across the sub-sectors

1.1.1 IT-ITeS Sector

The Information Technology (IT) and Information Technology Enabled Services (ITeS) sector have played
a pivotal role in propelling India’s economic growth.
IT, which stands for information technology, encompasses activities related to creating, managing, storing,
and exchanging information through technology. On the other hand, ITeS, or Information Technology
Enabled Services, focuses on leveraging technology to enhance the efficiency of organizational processes.
• IT is the study of the design, management, development, implementation, and support of
computer-based information systems, typically about computer hardware and application software.
• ITeS is part of IT. ITeS Self means IT with enabled services. ITeS is the study of outsourced service
which has arisen due to involvement in various fields of IT such as banking and finance, BPO,
call centres, etc.

IT has evolved as a major contributor to India’s GDP and plays a vital role in driving growth of the economy
in terms of employment, export promotion, and revenue generation.

Fig. 1.1.1 IT sector

In FY22, the IT sector contributed 7.4% of India’s GDP, and by 2025, it is anticipated to make up 10%
of India’s GDP.

3
Participant Handbook

According to National Association of Software and Service Companies (NASSCOM), the Indian IT industry’s
revenue touched US$ 227 billion in FY22, a 15.5% YoY growth.
Difference between IT and ITeS in terms of their functions, output, skills, and impact:

Aspect IT (Information ITeS (Information Technology Enabled

Technology) Services)
Definition Develops software and Uses IT to enhance business
manages tech systems. processes and services.
Core Functions Focuses on software, Leverages IT for customer support and
systems, and networks. non-core functions.
Nature of Work Creates and maintains Outsources business processes
software and apps. for efficiency.
Output Tangibility Produces tangible Provides intangible services like
tech solutions. improved processes.
Skill Requirements Technical skills in Mix of tech, domain, communication
programming and skills for services.
systems.
Examples Software development, Customer support outsourcing, BPO,
tech consulting. data entry services.
Global Competitiveness Enhances through Drives efficiency, cost reduction, and
tech innovation. specialized services.
Relationship Overlaps as IT -
often enables ITeS.
Economic Impact Contributes to growth, Enhances efficiency, reduces costs,
tech export, jobs. provides employment.

Services offered by the ITeS

ITeS offers various services such as medical transaction and coding, e-CRM (Customer Relationship
Management), data mining and editing, electronic publishing, and more.

Fig. 1.1.2 ITeS sector

4
 3D Printing Consultant

Some other ITeS services are listed below.

• KPO (Knowledge Process Outsourcing)
• BPO (Business Process Outsourcing)
• LPO (Legal Process Outsourcing)
• GPO (Game Process Outsourcing)
• Call Centres
• Operations at Back office
• Logistics Management.

Famous Indian IT-ITeS companies

• CMC Limited
• HCL Technologies Limited
• Infosys Technologies Limited
• TCS (Tata Consultancy Services Ltd)
• Tech Mahindra Limited
• NIIT Technologies

Vantages of ITeS Fig. 1.1.3 IT-ITES companies

• Through Business Process Outsourcing (BPO), organizations can broaden their capabilities,
fostering increased versatility. BPO is a significant component of ITeS.
• The improved organizational versatility in ITeS is achieved by accelerating company processes,
events, and assignments.
• Efficient and advantageous use of chain partners and outsourcing of company processes enhance
the pace of specific company duties and functions, particularly in Supply Chain Management (SCM).

Fig. 1.1.4 Application of IT services

5
Participant Handbook

1.1.2 BPM Sector

The BPM sector in India has emerged as a key player in the global outsourcing landscape, providing a
range of services like customer support, finance, and HR outsourcing to businesses worldwide. India’s
appeal lies in its skilled workforce, cost-effectiveness, and robust technological infrastructure. Major
players include TCS, Infosys BPO, Wipro BPM, and Genpact, operating globally.

Fig. 1.1.5 BPM sector

• Employment and Talent: Significant contributor to Indian employment, drawing on the country’s
English-proficient and skilled workforce.
• Technological Landscape: Embracing technologies like RPA, AI, and machine learning to enhance
operational capabilities.

Indian government initiatives support the growth of the IT-ITeS and BPM sectors through policies and
infrastructure development.
Difference between IT-ITeS Sector and BPM Sector:

Aspect IT-ITeS Sector BPM Sector

Focus Diverse IT services and Uses IT to enhance business
technology solutions. processes and services.
Core Activities Software development, IT Outsourcing non-core
infrastructure. business processes.
Output Tangible IT solutions, software. Intangible process
optimization services.
Client Interaction Tech solutions, system development. Collaboration for
process improvement.
Skill Requirements Technical, programming. Mix of technical and process-
oriented skills.
Examples IT services, software development. BPO, customer support outsourcing.
Global Tech innovation, global solutions. Business efficiency, cost
Competitiveness reduction globally.
Economic Impact Economic growth, tech innovation. Operational efficiency, job
creation in processes.

6
 3D Printing Consultant

1.1.3 Mobile App versus Web Development

Mobile app development and web development are two distinct but interconnected domains within the
broader field of software development.
• Mobile app development involves creating applications designed to run on mobile devices
powered by iOS or Android.

Fig. 1.1.6 Mobile app development

• On the other hand, web development is the process of building websites and web applications
that operate within web browsers. Both of these domains undergo continuous evolution.

Fig. 1.1.7 Web app development

Difference between Mobile App Development and Web Development:

Basis Mobile App Development Web Development

Definition Mobile applications are Web applications, on the

software programs designed other hand, can be accessed
to operate on through a web browser and
smartphones and tablets. are highly adaptable to
various devices.

7
Participant Handbook

Basis Mobile App Development Web Development

Build process Companies often hire HTML5, CSS, and JavaScript

developers to create native or can be combined to create
hybrid mobile apps. web applications.

Functionality Compared to full-fledged Web apps offer a broader

website visitors, mobile app range of functions compared
users often experience limited to mobile apps.
functionality, with many of
these applications focusing on
specific goals.

Platform dependency These apps fall into the Web apps can provide
category of native extensive functionalities, as
applications, specifically seen with Adobe Photoshop
crafted to seamlessly integrate offering both a mobile app
with a mobile device’s and a web version for users.
operating system (OS).

Education A bachelor’s degree in Web apps can provide

software engineering, mobile extensive functionalities, as
computing, computer science, seen with Adobe Photoshop
mobile application offering both a mobile app
development, or a related and a web version for users.
programming field is
commonly required.

Connectivity and Updates The key distinction is that Online apps require an active
mobile apps may frequently Internet connection for
function even proper functionality.
when disconnected.

Salary The average annual income The national average

for a Mobile Application compensation for a Web
Developer in Developer in the US is
the US is $91,245. $66,593 per year.

8
 3D Printing Consultant

Basis Mobile App Development Web Development

Skills iOS developers may use the Web developers have access
Swift programming language, to a variety of languages and
Objective-C, and the XCode frameworks, including HTML,
IDE, while Android developers JavaScript, Python, PHP, and
can choose Java or Kotlin with Ruby. Popular frameworks
the Eclipse IDE. For hybrid include Laravel and Rails.
apps, HTML, JavaScript, and
CSS are frequently
employed languages.

1.1.4 Relevance of the IT-ITeS Sector

The IT-ITeS sector holds critical relevance for Application Developer - Web & Mobile.

Fig. 1.1.8 Application developer - web & mobile

This significance is closely tied to the nature of work and the dynamic requirements within the
application development domain:
• Technology Advancements: The IT-ITeS sector is at the forefront of technological advancements.
As an Application Developer working in web and mobile applications, staying updated with the
latest technologies and trends is crucial for creating innovative and competitive solutions.
• Infrastructure and Support: The sector provides the necessary infrastructure and support for
developing robust web and mobile applications. This includes access to frameworks, tools, and
platforms that streamline the development process.
• Global Collaboration: With the IT-ITeS sector facilitating global collaboration, Application
Developers can work seamlessly with diverse teams and clients worldwide. This interconnectedness
enhances the exposure to different markets and user preferences.

9
Participant Handbook

• Job Opportunities and Skill Development: The sector offers abundant job opportunities for
Application Developers, allowing them to continually enhance their skills. Professionals can
specialize in various aspects of web and mobile development, ensuring a dynamic and
evolving career path.
• Innovation Ecosystem: Within the IT-ITeS sector, there’s a thriving innovation ecosystem.
Developers have access to cutting-edge technologies, collaborative platforms, and a community
that encourages experimentation and the creation of novel solutions.
• Digital Transformation Focus: As businesses undergo digital transformation, the demand for
skilled Application Developers is on the rise. The IT-ITeS sector plays a pivotal role in driving this
transformation, offering developers the opportunity to be at the forefront of organizational change.
• Quality Assurance and Continuous Improvement: The sector emphasizes quality assurance
processes and methodologies. Application Developers benefit from industry standards, best
practices, and a culture of continuous improvement, ensuring the delivery of high-quality web
and mobile applications.
• Adaptability to Market Needs: The dynamic nature of the IT-ITeS sector enables Application
Developers to adapt quickly to evolving market needs. Whether it’s incorporating new features or
addressing security concerns, developers can respond effectively to changes in the industry.
• Global Competitiveness in Applications: Through the IT-ITeS sector, Application Developers
contribute to the global competitiveness of businesses. They create applications that not only
meet user expectations but also align with international standards, positioning companies on
a global stage.

1.1.5 Sub-Sectors in the IT-ITeS Sector

The IT-ITeS sector holds critical relevance for professionals pursuing a career as an “Application Developer
- Web & Mobile.”
This significance is closely tied to the nature of work and the dynamic requirements within the
application development domain:

Sub-Sectors in the Description Description

ITITeS Sector

Software Involves creating, maintaining, and

Development updating software applications.

10
 3D Printing Consultant

Sub-Sectors in the Description Description

ITITeS Sector

Web Focuses on building and

Development maintaining websites, covering
both frontend and backend
development.

Mobile App Specialized sub-sector dedicated

to creating mobile applications.
Development

IT Consulting Provides expert advice on

technology solutions, offering
strategic guidance for
development projects.

System Encompasses integrating different

Integration IT systems and software
applications.
Services

11
Participant Handbook

Sub-Sectors in the Description Description

ITITeS Sector

Cloud Computing Provides scalable and flexible

computing resources for hosting
Services
and accessing applications.

Digital Marketing Involves strategies and tools for

promoting web and mobile
Services
applications.

Cybersecurity Focuses on protecting digital

Services assets, including secure
development practices for
applications.

Data Analytics Extracts insights from application-

and generated data for informed
decision making.
Business
Intelligence

12
 3D Printing Consultant

Sub-Sectors in the Description Description

ITITeS Sector

IT Infrastructure Involves the maintenance and

optimization of IT infrastructure
Management
supporting applications.

1.1.6 Nature of Work performed across the Sub-sectors

The IT-ITeS sector holds critical relevance for professionals pursuing a career as an “Application Developer
- Web & Mobile.”
• Software Development: Creating, maintaining, and updating software applications, coding,
testing, and debugging.
• Web Development: Building and maintaining websites, involving frontend development for user
interfaces and backend development for server-side functionalities.
• Mobile App Development: Designing and developing applications for mobile devices, including
iOS and Android platforms.
• IT Consulting: Providing expert advice on technology solutions, conducting assessments, and
offering strategic guidance for technology implementations.
• System Integration Services: Integrating different IT systems and software applications to ensure
seamless communication and functionality.
• Cloud Computing Services: offering scalable and flexible computing resources, including
infrastructure as a service (IaaS) and platform as a service (PaaS).
• Digital Marketing Services: Developing strategies and using tools to promote web and mobile
applications, enhancing online visibility.
• Cybersecurity Services: Protecting digital assets, securing applications through measures like
encryption, authentication, and vulnerability assessments.
• Data Analytics and Business Intelligence: Extracting, analyzing, and interpreting data generated
by applications for informed decision-making and business insights.

13
Participant Handbook

• IT Infrastructure Management: Maintaining and optimizing IT infrastructure, ensuring the

smooth operation of servers, networks, and other components supporting applications.

Fig. 1.1.9 Application development for web and mobile

Scan the QR Code to watch the related videos

https://youtu.be/cOtKswmP2NY

About IT-ITeS Sector

14
 3D Printing Consultant

Unit 1.2 - Dynamics and Evolution of the IT-ITeS Sector

Unit Objectives
At the end of this unit, you will be able to:
1. List organizations in the sector.
2. Discuss the evolution of the sub-sectors and the way forward.
3. Explain the disruptions happening across the IT-ITeS sector

1.2.1 Organizations in the IT-ITeS Sector

In the dynamic realm of Information Technology and IT-enabled Services (IT-ITeS), a myriad of organizations
spearheads innovations, drive technological advancements, and offer comprehensive solutions.

Fig. 1.2.1 IT-ITeS sector

Here are some well-known organizations in the IT-ITeS sector:

Organization Type of Work in IT-ITeS Sector

Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) Software development, IT consulting, business solutions.

Infosys Limited IT services, consulting, business process outsourcing (BPO).

Wipro Limited IT services, consulting, technology solutions.

HCL Technologies IT services, software development, infrastructure management.

Cognizant Technology Solutions IT consulting, technology services, business process outsourcing.

Tech Mahindra IT services, telecommunications, business process outsourcing.

15
Participant Handbook

Organization Type of Work in IT-ITeS Sector

Accenture IT consulting, technology services, outsourcing.

Capgemini IT services, consulting, technology solutions.

IBM (International IT services, software, hardware, cognitive solutions.

Business Machines)

Oracle Corporation Database management, cloud services, enterprise software.

Microsoft Corporation Software development, cloud services, hardware.

Amazon Web Services (AWS) Cloud computing services, infrastructure as a service (IaaS).

Google LLC Internet services, cloud computing, software development.

Intel Corporation Semiconductor manufacturing, hardware, technology solutions.

Cisco Systems, Inc. Networking hardware, software, telecommunications.

1.2.2 Evolution of Sub-sectors and related Innovations

As the IT-ITeS sector evolves, a proactive approach towards adopting emerging technologies, ensuring
cybersecurity, and enhancing user experiences will be critical for sustained growth and relevance in the
digital era. The sector is poised to play a pivotal role in shaping the technological landscape, driving
innovation across industries and contributing to the global digital transformation journey.

Fig. 1.2.2 IT-ITeS sub-sectors

16
 3D Printing Consultant

Sub-Sector Evolution Innovation

Software Development From traditional methodologies Embracing microservices,

to agile and DevOps practices. containerization, and
continuous integration for
efficient and
scalable applications.

Web Development Transition from static websites Integration of progressive web

to dynamic, responsive app (PWA) technologies,
web applications. emphasizing user experience
and cross-
platform compatibility.

Mobile App Development Advancements from native app Embracing Flutter, React Native,
development to cross- and Swift UI for efficient and
platform frameworks. unified mobile
app development.

IT Consulting Shift from traditional consulting Integration of emerging

to strategic digital technologies like AI, block-
transformation consulting. chain, and IoT into
consulting services.

System Integration Services Evolving from manual Adoption of API-first

integration to automated and approaches and hybrid cloud
cloud-based integrations. solutions for seamless
system integration.

Cloud Computing Services Transition from on-premise Advancements in server-less

infrastructure to scalable computing, edge computing,
cloud solutions. and AI-driven cloud services.

Digital Marketing Services From traditional marketing to Utilization of AI, machine

data-driven, targeted digital learning, and analytics for
marketing strategies. personalized
marketing campaigns.

Cybersecurity Services Responding to evolving cyber Integration of AI and machine

threats with advanced threat learning for proactive threat
detection and prevention. intelligence and automated
security responses.

17
Participant Handbook

Sub-Sector Evolution Innovation

Data Analytics and From basic reporting to Leveraging big data

Business Intelligence advanced analytics and technologies, AI-driven
real-time insights. analytics, and predictive
modelling for
actionable intelligence.

The Way Forward:

Key Focus Areas Future Outlook

Integration of Continued integration of AI, machine learning, blockchain, and

Emerging Technologies IoT to enhance the capabilities of IT-ITeS solutions.

Focus on Cybersecurity Heightened emphasis on cybersecurity measures to address

evolving threats and safeguard digital assets.

Enhanced User Experience Continuous efforts to improve user experience through innovative
UI/UX design, accessibility, and personalized interactions.

Remote Work Enablement Further development of technologies supporting remote work,

emphasizing collaboration tools, security, and virtualization.

Green IT Initiatives Growing commitment to sustainability with eco-friendly

practices, energy-efficient technologies, and green data
centre initiatives.

Data Privacy and Compliance Heightened focus on data privacy, compliance with regulations
(such as GDPR), and ethical handling of user data.

Edge Computing Expansion Increased adoption of edge computing for faster processing and
reduced latency, especially in applications like IoT and
real-time analytics.

Continuous Innovation Ongoing evolution of cloud services, including advancements in

in Cloud Services serverless computing, edge computing, and multi-cloud strategies.

18
 3D Printing Consultant

1.2.3 Disruptions in the IT-ITeS Sector

Navigating these disruptions requires adaptability, continuous learning, and strategic planning. The ITITeS
sector’s future hinges on effectively leveraging these changes to drive innovation, deliver value, and
contribute to the evolving digital landscape.

Fig. 1.2.3 AI in automation

• Emergence of AI and Automation:
‰ Disruption: Increasing adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and automation technologies
transforming traditional processes.
‰ Impact: Redefining job roles, enhancing efficiency, and enabling intelligent decision making.
• Shift to Cloud Computing:
‰ Disruption: Widespread adoption of cloud computing, replacing traditional on-premise
infrastructure.
‰ Impact: Increased scalability, flexibility, and cost-effectiveness, transforming how IT
services are delivered.
• Remote Work Revolution:
‰ Disruption: Accelerated shift towards remote work driven by technological advancements
and global events.
‰ Impact: Redefining workplace dynamics, emphasizing digital collaboration tools, and
reshaping talent acquisition strategies.
• Cybersecurity Challenges:
‰ Disruption: Escalation of cyber threats and attacks, demanding advanced
cybersecurity measures.
‰ Impact: Increased focus on robust security practices, threat intelligence, and the development
of resilient cybersecurity frameworks.
• Evolution of DevOps and Continuous Integration:
‰ Disruption: Integration of DevOps practices and continuous integration, changing software
development lifecycles.

19
Participant Handbook

‰ Impact: Accelerated development cycles, improved collaboration, and enhanced

software quality.
• Blockchain Integration:
‰ Disruption: Growing adoption of blockchain technology for secure and transparent transactions.
‰ Impact: Transforming industries like finance, supply chain, and healthcare with decentralized
and tamper-resistant systems.

Fig. 1.2.4 Blockchain integration

• Data Privacy and Compliance:

‰ Disruption: Heightened focus on data privacy regulations (e.g., GDPR) and
compliance requirements.
‰ Impact: Increased emphasis on ethical data handling, transparency, and the need for robust
compliance frameworks.
• Rise of Low-Code and No-Code Platforms:
‰ Disruption: Emergence of low-code and no-code development platforms empowering non-
developers to create applications.
‰ Impact: Accelerating application development, reducing dependence on coding expertise,
and democratizing software creation.
• Growth of Edge Computing:
‰ Disruption: Expansion of edge computing for decentralized processing and reduced latency.
‰ Impact: Improved real-time data processing, particularly beneficial for IoT applications.
• Digital Transformation Imperative:
‰ Disruption: Increasing need for organizations to undergo digital transformation to
stay competitive.

20
 3D Printing Consultant

‰ Impact: Accelerated adoption of advanced technologies, redefined business models, and

emphasis on customer-centric strategies.
• Focus on Sustainability:
‰ Disruption: Growing awareness and commitment to sustainable and eco-friendly IT practices.
‰ Impact: Green IT initiatives, energy-efficient data centres, and sustainable technology solutions.
• Evolving Business Models:
‰ Disruption: Shifting from traditional outsourcing models to outcome-based,
collaborative partnerships.
‰ Impact: Enhanced value delivery, increased client engagement, and a focus on co-innovation.

1.2.4 Dynamics and Evolution in

Web and Mobile App Development
These dynamics and evolutionary trends reflect the continuous adaptation and innovation within the IT-
ITeS sector, shaping the landscape of web and mobile app development. Staying abreast of these changes
is essential for professionals to deliver cutting-edge solutions in this dynamic industry.

Fig. 1.2.5 Web and mobile app development

Aspect Dynamics Evolution

Agile Development Rapid adoption of Shift from sequential

agile methodologies. development to iterative,
flexible processes for quicker
and adaptive project delivery.

User-Centric Design Increasing emphasis on user Transition from feature-driven

experience (UX) design. to usercentered design,
prioritizing user
needs and feedback.

21
Participant Handbook

Aspect Dynamics Evolution

Cross-Platform Development Growing demand for apps Rise of cross-platform

across various platforms. frameworks (e.g., React Native,
Flutter) for unified
development across
multiple devices.

Progressive Surge in popularity of Integration of PWA features,

Web Apps (PWAs) Progressive Web Apps. like offline functionality and
push notifications, into web
based applications.

Microservices Architecture Adoption of microservices for Transition from monolithic to

modular microservices architecture,
application development. enabling scalability and
easier maintenance.

DevOps Integration Increased integration of Continuous integration and

DevOps practices. delivery (CI/CD) pipelines for
automated testing,
deployment, and collaboration.

Low-Code and No- Rise in the use of low-code and Empowering non-developers
Code Development no-code platforms. for application creation,
accelerating
development cycles.

AI Integration Incorporation of AI for Use of AI for personalization,

intelligent features. predictive analytics, and
enhanced user interactions.

Security-First Approach Growing concerns Implementation of robust

about cybersecurity. security measures, including
encryption and secure
coding practices.

Implementation of robust Shift towards cloud- Designing applications

security measures, including native architecture. optimized for cloud
encryption and secure environments, promoting
coding practices. scalability and flexibility.

22
 3D Printing Consultant

Aspect Dynamics Evolution

Continuous Learning Ongoing need for Emphasis on continuous

skill development. learning to keep up with
emerging technologies and
industry trends.

Sustainability in Increasing focus on Integration of sustainable

Development ecofriendly practices. coding and development
practices to minimize
environmental impact.

Notes

23
Participant Handbook

Unit 1.3 - R
 oles and Responsibilities of 3D Printing
Consultant

Unit Objectives
At the end of this unit, you will be able to:
1. Explain the Roles & Responsibilities of “3D Printing Consultant”

1.3.1 Roles and Responsibilities

of 3D Printing Consultant
What Does a 3D Printing Consultant?
A 3D printing consultant is a professional worker who specializes in providing expert advice and solutions
related to 3D printing technologies. Their role involves guiding businesses and individuals through the
complexities of 3D printing, from selecting the right equipment and materials to optimizing design and
production processes. They assist clients in understanding the capabilities and limitations of 3D printing,
helping to identify suitable applications for the technology within various industries such as manufacturing,
healthcare, aerospace, and automotive. The consultant also provides support in the development of CAD
models, ensuring pre-print accuracy, and advising on adjustments to improve print quality and efficiency.

In addition to, they may offer training and support to ensure that clients can effectively use and maintain
3D printing equipment, as well as stay updated with the latest advancements and best practices in the
field. Overall, a 3D printing consultant plays a crucial role in helping organizations leverage the benefits
of 3D printing to innovate and improve their products and processes.

24
 3D Printing Consultant

Task
• Advising clients on the appropriate 3D printing technologies based on their requirements, such as
FDM, SLA, SLS, etc.
• Assisting in optimizing CAD designs for 3D printing, ensuring they are suitable for the chosen
technology and materials.
• Recommending suitable materials for specific applications, considering factors like strength,
durability, flexibility, and cost.
• Developing and implementing process improvements to enhance print quality, reduce printing
time, and minimize material waste.
• Establishing quality control measures to ensure consistent print quality and adherence to
specifications.
• Identify and resolve issues related to print failures, dimensional inaccuracies, and surface
finish problems.
• Providing training sessions to educate clients on best practices for 3D printing, including design
guidelines, maintenance procedures, and safety protocols.
• Assisting with the setup and calibration of 3D printers, as well as integrating 3D printing into
existing workflows and processes.
• They Conduct market research to keep clients informed about emerging trends, new materials,
and advancements in 3D printing technology.
• Conducting cost-benefit analyses to help clients assess the feasibility and economic viability of 3D
printing projects.
• Ensuring that clients adhere to relevant regulations and standards applicable to 3D printing in
their industry or region.

Roles and responsibilities of 3D Printing Consultant

A 3D Printing Consultant plays a crucial role in advising and supporting organizations or individuals in
leveraging additive manufacturing technologies effectively. Their responsibilities typically include
evaluating client needs and goals, recommending suitable 3D printing technologies and materials, and
overseeing the implementation of 3D printing projects. Consultants often provide expertise in optimizing
designs for additive manufacturing, ensuring cost-effectiveness, and achieving desired quality standards.
They may also train client teams in operating 3D printers, troubleshooting issues, and maintaining
equipment. Additionally, consultants stay updated with industry trends and advancements to offer
innovative solutions that enhance manufacturing capabilities and product development processes. Their
role is pivotal in enabling clients to harness the full potential of 3D printing for prototyping, production,
and customized manufacturing applications.

25
Participant Handbook

Exercise
Answer the following questions:
Short Questions:
1. Why is the relevance of the IT-ITeS sector crucial in the contemporary business landscape?
2. Can you identify two sub-sectors within the broader IT-ITeS industry?
3. Briefly describe the nature of work performed across different sub-sectors in the IT-ITeS domain.
4. Name one organization operating in the IT-ITeS sector that has gained prominence.
5. How does the evolution of sub-sectors contribute to the sector’s adaptability and growth?

Fill-in-the-Blanks:
1. The IT-ITeS sector plays a vital role in ........................................................., powering various
industries with technological solutions.

a) Isolation b) Digital Transformation

2. .......................... and .......................... are two prominent sub-sectors within the expansive
IT-ITeS industry.

a) Healthcare, Agriculture
b) Software Development, Business Process Management

3. The nature of work in IT-ITeS sub-sectors ranges from software development to __________.

a) Fashion Design b) Data Analytics

4. _________ and _________ are organizations that have made significant contributions to
the ITITeS sector.

a) ABC Corporation, XYZ Innovations b) Tech Solutions Ltd, Global Services Inc.

5. The evolution of IT-ITeS sub-sectors involves adapting to emerging technologies and __________.

a) Stagnation b) Industry Trends

True/False Questions:
1. The IT-ITeS sector is isolated from the advancements in other industries.
2. Software Development and Business Process Management are not
sub-sectors within the IT-ITeS industry.
3. The nature of work in IT-ITeS sub-sectors is limited to software development only.
4. Organizations like Tech Solutions Ltd and Global Services Inc.
are not associated with the IT-ITeS sector.
5. The evolution of sub-sectors in the IT-ITeS industry is not
influenced by industry trends and technological advancements.

26
 3D Printing Consultant

Notes

27
Participant Handbook

28
2. F uture Skills - An
Introduction
Unit 2.1 - Overview of the Future Skills Sub-Sector

Bridge Module
Participant Handbook

Key Learning Outcomes

At the end of this module, you will be able to:
1. Provide an overview of the Future Skills sub-sector
2. Explain the various occupations under this sub- sector
3. List key trends across the occupations in this sub- sector
4. List various roles in the Future Skills sub-sector

30
 3D Printing Consultant

Unit 2.1 - Overview of the Future Skills Sub-Sector

Unit Objectives
At the end of this unit, you will be able to:
1. Describe the Future Skills sub-sector
2. Explain diverse occupations within the sub-sector
3. Identify and categorize trends across sub-sector occupations
4. Enlist roles in the Future Skills sub-sector

2.1.1 Future Skills Sub-sector

Future skills encompass the array of competencies, capabilities, and knowledge projected to be highly
sought-after in the forthcoming job market. These skills are anticipated to assist individuals in navigating
the swiftly changing technological, economic, and social landscape of the future.

Fig. 2.1.1 Future skills

NASSCOM (National Association of Software and Service Companies) is an industry association in India
with a focus on the IT-BPM (Information Technology-Business Process Management) sector.
Operating under NASSCOM, a Skills of the Future Workgroup
was established, featuring industry representatives, to
comprehend the repercussions of technological disruptions.
Led by BCG (Boston Consulting Group), a study was
conducted to delineate future skilling and reskilling initiatives
capable of addressing the digital disruption wave. The
research identified technologies poised for substantial
growth, associated job roles, and the requisite skills for
those technologies.
Future Skills is dedicated to 155+ skills across 70+ job roles
spanning 10 emerging technologies, including Artificial
Fig. 2.1.2 NASSCOM

31
Participant Handbook

Intelligence, Blockchain, Big Data Analytics, Cloud Computing,

Cyber Security, Internet of Things, Mobile Tech, Robotic Process Automation, Virtual Reality, and 3D
Printing.
Future Skills Prime, India’s Technology Skilling Hub, is a collaborative effort by NASSCOM and MeitY,
aiming to transform India into a Digital Talent Nation.
Future Skills Prime serves as an innovative and progressive ecosystem, equipping learners with cu􀆫ngedge
skills crucial in today’s rapidly evolving digital landscape.
With NASSCOM as the driving force, the IT-ITeS industry has risen to the occasion through the Future
Skills Initiative - an industry-driven learning ecosystem..

Fig. 2.1.3 FutureSkills prime

2.1.2 Diverse Occupations within Future Skills Sub-sector

The diverse occupations within the Future Skills sub-sector encompass a wide range of roles that are
essential for addressing the evolving demands of the digital landscape. These occupations reflect the
need for a multidimensional skill set that goes beyond traditional job roles.
Some examples of diverse occupations within the Future Skills sub-sector may include:
• Data Analysts: Responsible for analyzing and interpreting complex data sets to derive meaningful
• Artificial Intelligence (AI) Engineers: Develop and implement AI algorithms and solutions,
leveraging machine learning and data science to create intelligent applications.
• Cloud Architects: Design and manage cloud infrastructure, enabling organizations to leverage
cloud services for scalability, flexibility, and efficiency.
• Digital Marketing Specialists: Employ digital channels and strategies to promote products or
services, utilizing analytics to optimize marketing campaigns.

32
 3D Printing Consultant

• Augmented Reality (AR) and Virtual Reality (VR) Developers: Create immersive digital experiences
using AR and VR technologies, applicable in diverse fields such as gaming, education,
and healthcare.
• Blockchain Developers: Work on developing secure and transparent blockchain-based solutions
for applications like secure transactions and smart contracts.
• DevOps Engineers: Bridge the gap between development and operations, focusing on
collaboration, automation, and continuous improvement in the software development lifecycle.
• Content Creators and Managers: Develop and manage digital content for various platforms,
including websites, social media, and other online channels.
• Robotic Process Automation (RPA) Specialists: Implement automation solutions using RPA
technologies to streamline and optimize repetitive business processes.
• IoT (Internet of Things) Specialists: Design and implement solutions involving interconnected
devices, contributing to the development of smart and interconnected systems. insights,
supporting informed decision-making.
• Cybersecurity Specialists: Focus on safeguarding digital systems, networks, and data from cyber
threats, ensuring the security and integrity of information.
• User Experience (UX) Designers: Design and enhance the overall user experience of digital
products, ensuring they are intuitive, user-friendly, and align with user expectations.

Fig. 2.1.4 Diverse occupations in futureskills

These occupations highlight the interdisciplinary nature of the Future Skills sub-sector, where professionals
need a combination of technical, analytical, creative, and collaborative skills to excel in their roles. The
diversity of occupations underscores the need for a versatile workforce capable of addressing the
multifaceted challenges of the digital era.

33
Participant Handbook

2.1.3 Identifying and Categorizing Trends across

Sub-sector Occupations in Future Skills Domain
Identifying and categorizing trends across sub-sector occupations in the Future Skills domain involves
recognizing patterns and shifts that influence the nature of work and skill requirements.
Here are some overarching trends:

Fig. 2.1.5 Occupations in sub-sector

Trend Description Impact on Occupations

Automation Increasing integration of Evolving roles to incorporate

and AI Integration automation and AI collaboration with intelligent
technologies technologies, requiring skills in AI,
across occupations. machine learning, and
algorithm development.

Remote Work and Accelerated adoption of Demand for digital communication,

Digital Collaboration remote work and digital virtual collaboration, and project
collaboration tools. management skills, reshaping the way
professionals work and collaborate.

Data-Driven Growing emphasis on Increased demand for data analytics and

Decision-Making data-driven interpretation skills across occupations,
decision making. enabling informed and strategic
decision making.

Cybersecurity Emphasis Heightened focus on Rising demand for cybersecurity

cybersecurity measures. specialists across occupations to ensure
the security and protection of digital
assets and information.

34
 3D Printing Consultant

Trend Description Impact on Occupations

Continual Continuous need for Professionals expected to engage in

Learning and Upskilling upskilling and learning. ongoing learning to adapt to emerging
technologies, promoting a culture of
lifelong learning.

Human-Centric Design Emphasis on human Increased importance of UX/UI design

centric design principles. skills across occupations to enhance user
experiences and ensure user-centric
product development.

Sustainable Practices Growing focus on Integration of eco-friendly practices,

sustainability in leading to demand for professionals with
technology and skills in sustainable development and
business practices. green technologies.

Rise of Gig Economy Increasing participation Creation of flexible work opportunities,

in the gig economy. requiring individuals to possess
entrepreneurial skills, self-management,
and adaptability.

Augmented and Virtual Growing adoption of Demand for specialists in AR and VR

Reality Adoption augmented and virtual development across various industries,
reality technologies. influencing how products and services
are experienced.

Blockchain Applications Expanding applications Increased demand for blockchain

of developers and specialists in areas such
blockchain technology. as secure transactions, supply chain
management, and smart contracts.

Globalization and Enhanced globalization Increased importance of global

Cross- and cross- awareness, communication, and cultural
Cultural Collaboration cultural collaboration. intelligence skills across occupations for
effective collaboration.

Categorizing these trends provides a framework for understanding the evolving landscape of Future Skills
sub-sector occupations, guiding individuals and organizations in preparing for the demands of
the digital era.

35
Participant Handbook

2.1.4 Roles in the Future Skills Sub-sector

Roles in the Future Skills sub-sector highlight the diverse skill set required, ranging from technical
expertise in emerging technologies to creative and strategic capabilities essential for success in
the digital era.

Fig. 2.1.6 Future skills sub-sector

Role Description

Data Analysts Analyze and interpret complex data sets to derive meaningful
insights, supporting informed decision making.

Cybersecurity Specialists Focus on safeguarding digital systems, networks, and data from
cyber threats, ensuring the security and integrity of information.

User Design and enhance the overall user experience of digital products,
Experience (UX) Designers ensuring they are intuitive, user-friendly, and align with
user expectations.

Artificial Develop and implement AI algorithms and solutions, leveraging

Intelligence (AI) Engineers machine learning and data science to create
intelligent applications.

Cloud Architects Design and manage cloud infrastructure, enabling organizations to

leverage cloud services for scalability, flexibility, and efficiency.

Digital Marketing Specialists Employ digital channels and strategies to promote products or
services, utilizing analytics to optimize marketing campaigns.

36
 3D Printing Consultant

Role Description

AR and VR Create immersive digital experiences using AR and VR technologies,

applicable in diverse fields such as gaming, education,
Developers
and healthcare.

Blockchain Work on developing secure and transparent block chain based

solutions for applications like secure transactions and
Developers
smart contracts.

DevOps Engineers Bridge the gap between development and operations, focusing on
collaboration, automation, and continuous improvement in the
software development lifecycle.

Content Creators Develop and manage digital content for various platforms,
including websites, social media, and other online channels.
and Managers

RPA Specialists Implement automation solutions using RPA technologies to

streamline and optimize repetitive business processes.

IoT Specialists Design and implement solutions involving interconnected devices,

contributing to the development of smart and
interconnected systems.

37
Participant Handbook

Exercise
Answer the following questions:
Short Questions:
1. What is the primary focus of the Future Skills sub-sector?
2. Can you name one occupation under the Future Skills sub-sector that involves interpreting
complex data sets?
3. Why is understanding key trends crucial in the Future Skills sub-sector?
4. How does the Future Skills sub-sector contribute to adapting to an evolving technological landscape?
5. Briefly describe the role of User Experience (UX) Designers in the Future Skills sub-sector. The
sector’s adaptability and growth?

Fill-in-the-Blanks:
1. The Future Skills sub-sector is dedicated to preparing individuals for success in the .....................era.

a) Traditional b) Digital

2. ................... and ......................... are examples of occupations within the Future Skills sub-sector.

a) Artisans, Farmers b) Data Analysts, Cybersecurity Specialists

3. Understanding key trends is crucial in the Future Skills sub-sector to stay ahead of ...........................

a) Past Practices b) Industry Developments

4. 4. Various roles in the Future Skills sub-sector include Data Analysts, Cybersecurity Specialists,
and ..........................................

a) Architects b) User Experience (UX) Designers

5. 5. User Experience (UX) Designers play a pivotal role in ensuring that digital products are ............
...................... and align with user expectations.

a) Complex b) Intuitive

True/False Questions:
1. The Future Skills sub-sector is focused solely on traditional skill sets.
2. Data Analysts and Cybersecurity Specialists are not occupations within the
Future Skills sub-sector.
3. Understanding key trends is not important in staying competitive in
the Future Skills sub-sector.
4. User Experience (UX) Designers are not involved in shaping the overall user
experience of digital products in the Future Skills sub-sector.
5. The Future Skills sub-sector is not influenced by the need for
adaptability in an ever-changing technological landscape.

38
 3D Printing Consultant

Notes

Scan the QR code or click on the link to watch related videos

https://youtu.be/dXpsS3V7HXg

Overview of Future Skills And Cyber Security

39
Participant Handbook

40
3 Business case
analysis 3D
printing technology
implementation
Unit 3.1 - Introduction to 3D Printing Consultant
Unit 3.2 - Business Requirement Analysis

SSC/N8901
Participant Handbook

Key Learning Outcomes

At the end of the module, the participant will be able to:
1. Introduction to 3D Printing Consultant
2. Explain the Fundamentals of 3D Printing
3. Explain Various use cases of 3D printing
4. Distinguish different 3D Printing technologies
5. Describe Evolution of 3D Printing
6. Discuss the Printing Technologies
7. Explain 3D printers and software tools
8. Evaluate various Materials Used For 3D Printing
9. Demonstrate printer and software set-up for 3D printing
10. Demonstrate the Process Flow In 3D Printing Using A Sample Model

42
 3D Printing Consultant

Unit 3.1 - Introduction to 3D Printing Consultant

Unit Objectives
At the end of the module, the participant will be able to:
1. Introduction to 3D Printing Consultant
2. Explain the Fundamentals of 3D Printing
3. Explain Various use cases of 3D printing
4. Distinguish different 3D Printing technologies
5. Describe Evolution of 3D Printing
6. Discuss the Printing Technologies
7. Explain 3D printers and software tools
8. Evaluate various Materials Used For 3D Printing
9. Demonstrate printer and software set-up for 3D printing
10. Demonstrate the Process Flow In 3D Printing Using A Sample Model

3.1.1 3D Printing Consultant

A 3D printing consultant plays a crucial role in various stages of the 3D printing process, from initial
design to final production. Their expertise can help optimize workflows, improve design for
manufacturability, and ensure high-quality outputs. Here’s an overview of the key responsibilities and
areas of expertise for a 3D printing consultant: As a 3D Printing Consultant, your role involves a variety
of responsibilities centered around the development, optimization, and implementation of 3D printing
technologies. Here are some key aspects you might focus on:

Key Responsibilities:
• Design Consultation:
‰ Evaluate and improve 3D designs for manufacturability.
‰ Optimize designs for minimal support structures and post-processing requirements.
‰ Ensure the design meets industry standards and mechanical properties requirements.
• Workflow Optimization:
‰ Streamline 3D printing processes for efficiency and cost-effectiveness.
‰ Integrate software applications and tools to enhance the 3D printing workflow.
• Material Selection and Testing:
‰ Advise on the selection of appropriate materials based on project requirements.

43
Participant Handbook

‰ Conduct reliability growth (RG) testing and life data analysis (LDA) to ensure
material performance.
‰ Perform mechanical properties testing and ensure compliance with standards.
• Technical Support and Troubleshooting:
‰ Provide technical support for pre-print accuracy of CAD models.
‰ Adjust chordal and angular tolerance values for optimized file size and resolution.
‰ Troubleshoot and resolve issues related to 3D printing hardware and software.
• Training and Documentation:
‰ Develop and deliver training programs for clients and teams on 3D printing best practices.
‰ Prepare comprehensive documentation, including user manuals and guidelines.
‰ Create a framework for 3D printing processes that ensures durability and ease of use.
• Project Management:
‰ Oversee 3D printing projects from concept to completion.
‰ Collaborate with various teams, product partners, and clients to ensure project success.
‰ Maintain backups of the code base and design files to prevent data loss.

A 3D printing consultant combines technical expertise, design acumen, and project management skills to
guide clients through the complex landscape of 3D printing. They play a pivotal role in ensuring that 3D
printing projects are executed efficiently, cost-effectively, and to the highest quality standards.
If you have specific questions or need further details on any aspect of 3D printing consultancy,
feel free to ask!

3.1.2 Fundamentals of 3D Printing

3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a process of creating three-dimensional objects
from a digital file. The object is built by laying down successive
layers of material until the entire object is created. This
process is opposite to traditional subtractive manufacturing,
where material is removed from a solid block to create the
desired shape.3D printing, also known as additive
manufacturing, is a process of creating three-dimensional
objects from a digital file by laying down successive layers of
material until the object is complete.

Here are the fundamentals of 3D printing:

1. Digital Model Creation

Fig. 3.1.1 3D model

44
 3D Printing Consultant

• CAD Software: The 3D printing process begins with a digital model created using Computer-
Aided Design (CAD) software. The model is designed in 3D and can be customized to fit
specific needs.
• 3D Scanning: Existing objects can be scanned to create a digital replica. This is often used for
reverse engineering or replicating real-world objects.

2. File Preparation

Fig. 3.1.2 3D printing Slicer

• File Format: The digital model is converted into a 3D printing-compatible file format, typically
STL (Stereolithography) or OBJ. These formats break down the object into a series of thin layers.
• Slicing: The 3D printing software, or slicer, takes the 3D model file and slices it into hundreds
or thousands of horizontal layers. The slicer generates a G-code file, which contains instructions
for the 3D printer on how to create each layer.

3. Material Selection

Fig. 3.1.3 3D Printing material

• Thermoplastics: Common materials include PLA (Polylactic Acid), ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene
Styrene), and PETG (Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol).
• Resins: Used in SLA (Stereolithography) printing, these materials cure when exposed to UV light.

45
Participant Handbook

• Metals: Powdered metals can be used in processes like Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) or
Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS).
• Others: Materials like ceramics, composites, and even bio-materials are used for
specific applications.

4. Printing Techniques
• Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM): A filament of thermoplastic is melted and extruded
through a nozzle, building up layers.

Fig. 3.1.4 Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM)

• Stereolithography (SLA): A UV laser cures liquid resin layer by layer.

Fig. 3.1.5 Stereolithography (SLA)

46
 3D Printing Consultant

• Selective Laser Sintering (SLS): A laser sinters powdered material, binding it together to form
a solid structure.
• Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS): Similar to SLS but specifically for metal powders.

5. Post-Processing
• Support Removal: Printed objects may have support structures that need to be removed.
• Sanding and Polishing: Surfaces can be smoothed out for a better finish.

Fig. 3.1.6 Sanding & Policing

• Painting and Coating: Objects can be painted or coated for aesthetic or functional purposes.
• Curing: Resin-based prints often require additional UV curing to fully harden.

6. Applications of 3D Printing
• Prototyping: Rapidly creating prototypes for product development.
• Manufacturing: Producing end-use parts in industries like aerospace, automotive,
and healthcare.
• Medical: Custom implants, prosthetics, and anatomical models.
• Education: Teaching design, engineering, and manufacturing concepts.
• Art and Design: Creating complex, customized artworks and designs.

7. Advantages of 3D Printing
• Customization: Each object can be customized without changing the production process.
• Complex Geometries: Capable of producing complex shapes that are difficult or impossible
with traditional manufacturing.
• Reduced Waste: Additive process generates less waste compared to subtractive
manufacturing methods.
• Rapid Prototyping: Speeds up the development cycle by quickly producing prototypes.

Understanding these fundamentals helps in leveraging the potential of 3D printing for various applications,
from rapid prototyping to full-scale production.

47
Participant Handbook

3.1.3 Various use cases of 3D printing

3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, has transformed various industries by offering
innovative solutions to complex problems. Here are some prominent use cases across different sectors:
• Prototyping:

Fig. 3.1.7 Rapid Prototyping

3D printing allows rapid prototyping of product designs. It enables designers and engineers to
quickly iterate through multiple versions of a product, test functionality, and make necessary
modifications without the need for expensive tooling or manufacturing setups.
• Customized Products:

Fig. 3.1.8 Hearing aids & Dental Implant

One of the most exciting aspects of 3D printing is its ability to create customized products tailored
to individual needs. This is particularly useful in industries like healthcare, where custom
prosthetics, orthotics, dental implants, and hearing aids can be manufactured based on
patient-specific data.
• Medical Applications:

Fig. 3.1.9 Anatomical Model

48
 3D Printing Consultant

3D printing has revolutionized various aspects of healthcare, including surgical planning,

anatomical modeling, and tissue engineering. Surgeons can use 3D-printed models of patients’
organs or body parts to better understand complex anatomical structures and plan surgeries with
greater precision.
• Aerospace and Defense:

Fig. 3.1.10 Aerospace& Defense

In aerospace and defense industries, 3D printing is used to manufacture lightweight and complex
components such as engine parts, brackets, and even entire aircraft. It enables the production of
parts with intricate geometries that are difficult or impossible to achieve using traditional
manufacturing methods.
• Architecture and Construction:

Architects and construction firms are

exploring the potential of 3D printing to
create intricate building components,
custom fittings, and even entire structures.
This technology offers the flexibility to
design complex shapes and structures that
would be difficult or costly to achieve using
traditional construction methods.
• Education and Research: Fig. 3.1.11 Digital model of an architectural plan

3D printing is increasingly used in

educational institutions for teaching and
research purposes. Students can learn
about design principles, material properties,
and manufacturing processes by
experimenting with 3D printers. Researchers
also utilize 3D printing to create prototypes,
models, and specialized equipment
for their studies.
Fig. 3.1.12 3D Model

49
Participant Handbook

• Food Industry:

Fig. 3.1.13 3D Printed Food

In the food industry, 3D printing is being explored for creating customized food products, intricate
decorations, and even entire meals. It offers the potential to personalize nutritional content,
texture, and flavor, catering to specific dietary requirements or preferences.
• Art and Design:

Fig. 3.1.14 3D Art

Artists and designers are embracing 3D printing as a medium for creating sculptures, installations,
and intricate artworks. It provides new possibilities for exploring form, texture, and structure,
pushing the boundaries of traditional art and design practices.
These are just a few examples of the diverse applications of 3D printing across various industries,
demonstrating its potential to revolutionize manufacturing, healthcare, design, and more.

3.1.4 Distinguish different 3D Printing technologies

3D printing technologies vary in the methods they use to create objects from digital models. Here are
some key distinctions among several popular 3D printing technologies:

50
 3D Printing Consultant

3D Printing Description Description

Technologies

Stereolithogra- Process: Uses a UV laser to cure liquid

phy (SLA) photopolymer resin layer by layer
into solid plastic.
Materials: Photopolymer resins.
Strengths: High resolution and accuracy,
smooth surface finish, good for detailed
and complex parts.
Limitations: Limited material properties,
can be brittle, post-processing required to
remove supports and excess resin.

Selective Laser Process: Uses a laser to sinter powdered

Sintering (SLS) material, binding it together to form a
solid structure.
Materials: Thermoplastic powders (e.g.,
nylon), metals, ceramics.
Strengths: No need for support structures,
durable and functional parts, good
mechanical properties.
Limitations: Rough surface finish, post-
processing required to remove excess
powder, higher cost.

Fused Process: Extrudes thermoplastic filament

Deposition through a heated nozzle, which deposits
Modeling the material layer by layer.
(FDM)
Materials: Thermoplastics (e.g., PLA, ABS,
PETG), composites.
Strengths: Affordable, widely available,
easy to use, variety of materials.
Limitations: Lower resolution and accuracy,
visible layer lines, weaker interlayer
bonding, limited material properties.

51
Participant Handbook

3D Printing Description Description

Technologies

Electron Beam Process: Uses an electron beam to melt

Melting (EBM) and fuse metal powder layer by layer in a
vacuum chamber.
Materials: Metals (e.g., titanium,
cobalt-chrome).
Strengths: High density and strength parts,
good for aerospace and medical implants,
minimal residual stress.
Limitations: High cost, limited to conductive
materials, rough surface finish, requires
vacuum environment.

Digital Light Process: Uses a digital light projector to

Processing cure photopolymer resin layer by layer.
(DLP)
Materials: Photopolymer resins.
Strengths: High resolution and accuracy,
faster than SLA, smooth surface finish.
Limitations: Similar to SLA, limited material
properties, post-processing required.

Binder Jetting Process: Deposits a liquid binding agent

onto a powder bed, layer by layer, to bond
the powder particles.
Materials: Metals, ceramics,
sand, composites.
Strengths: Fast production, no thermal
stresses, can produce large parts.
Limitations: Requires post-processing to
achieve full strength, limited material
properties, rough surface finish.

52
 3D Printing Consultant

3D Printing Description Description

Technologies

Multi Jet Process: Uses an inkjet array to selectively

Fusion (MJF) apply fusing and detailing agents to a
powder bed, which is then exposed to a
heat source to fuse the layers.
Materials: Thermoplastic
powders (e.g., nylon).
Strengths: High strength and detail, faster
than SLS, good mechanical properties, no
support structures.
Limitations: Post-processing required to
remove excess powder, higher cost than FDM.

3.1.5 Evolution of 3D Printing

1980s: Inception and Early Developments
• 1981: Hideo Kodama of Nagoya Municipal Industrial Research Institute published the first account
of a rapid prototyping system using photopolymers.
• 1984: Charles Hull invented stereo lithography (SLA), a process that solidifies layers of UV-curable
photopolymer using a laser.
• 1986: Hull founded 3D Systems, which produced the first commercial 3D printer, the SLA-1.

Fig. 3.1.15 History Of 3D Printing

1990s: Growth and Diversification

• 1991: The first commercial 3D printers became available, such as the SLA-1 from 3D Systems.

53
Participant Handbook

• 1992: Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) was developed and commercialized by Scott Crump,
founder of Stratasys.
• 1993: MIT patented a technique known as 3D Printing (3DP), involving the binding of powder
material with a liquid binder.
• 1995: Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) was developed by Carl Deckard and commercialized by DTM Corp.

2000s: Technological Advancements and New Applications

Fig. 3.1.16 2000s evolution of 3D printing

• 2000: The first 3D-printed kidney was created, though it was not yet functional.
• 2005: The RepRap project, an open-source initiative, aimed to create a self-replicating 3D printer,
which significantly lowered the cost of 3D printing.
• 2008: The first prosthetic leg was printed using 3D printing technology.
• 2009: FDM patents expired, leading to a surge in the availability of affordable 3D printers.

2010s: Expansion and Mainstream Adoption

Fig. 3.1.17 2010s evolution of 3D Printing

• 2010: The first 3D-printed car, the Urbee, was manufactured.

• 2011: The first 3D-printed aircraft parts were used in military applications.
• 2012: The MakerBot Replicator was released, popularizing desktop 3D printing.

54
 3D Printing Consultant

• 2013: NASA funded a project to develop 3D-printed food for astronauts, demonstrating the
potential of 3D printing in space.
• 2014: The first 3D-printed object in space was produced on the International Space Station.
• 2015: Carbon introduced CLIP (Continuous Liquid Interface Production), a faster 3D
printing technology.

2020s: Innovation and Industry Integration

Fig. 3.1.18 2020s evolution of 3D printing

• 2020: The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted 3D printing’s role in rapid prototyping and
manufacturing, with 3D-printed PPE and medical equipment becoming essential.
• 2021: Advances in materials science led to the development of new 3D printing materials,
including biocompatible and high-performance polymers.
• 2022: 3D printing technology expanded into construction, with the first 3D-printed residential
buildings and infrastructure projects.
• 2023: Researchers continued to explore 3D bioprinting, aiming to create functional human
tissues and organs.

Current Scope:
• Industrial Applications: 3D printing is widely used in industries such as aerospace, automotive,
and healthcare for rapid prototyping, customized parts manufacturing, and tooling.
• Medical Applications: 3D printing is used to create prosthetics, dental implants, and even organ
replicas for surgical planning. Bioprinting is also being explored for creating living tissues and organs.
• Consumer Goods: 3D printing is increasingly used for personalized products, such as custom
jewelry, fashion items, and home decor.
• Education and Research: 3D printing is used in educational settings to teach design and
engineering concepts, and in research for creating prototypes and models.

55
Participant Handbook

Future Scope:
• Increased Material Options: Researchers are exploring new materials for 3D printing, including
conductive materials for electronics and advanced polymers for higher performance.
• Bioprinting Advancements: Bioprinting is expected to advance further, potentially leading to the
ability to print fully functional organs for transplantation.
• On-Demand Manufacturing: 3D printing could enable on-demand manufacturing, reducing the
need for large warehouses and mass production.
• Sustainability: 3D printing has the potential to be more sustainable than traditional manufacturing
methods, as it can reduce waste by only using the material needed for each object.

Overall, the scope of 3D printing is expected to continue expanding, with advancements in materials,
speed, and capabilities leading to new applications and opportunities across various industries.

3.1.6 Printing Technologies And

Analyze Their Strengths And Weakness
Printing technologies have evolved significantly over the years, each with its own strengths and
weaknesses. Here are some of the most common printing technologies:

1. Inkjet Printing:

Inkjet printing is a type of computer printing that recreates a digital image by propelling droplets
of ink onto paper and plastic substrates. Inkjet printers are the most commonly used type of
printer, and range from small inexpensive consumer models to expensive professional machines.
It is commonly used for a wide variety of applications, from home and office printing to professional
printing tasks.

Fig. 3.1.19 Inkjet Printing

• Strengths: Inkjet printers are versatile, cost-effective for small-scale printing, and capable of
producing high-quality images and color prints. They are also relatively quiet compared to
other printing technologies.

56
 3D Printing Consultant

• Weaknesses: They can be slower than other printers, especially for high-volume printing. The
cost of ink cartridges can add up over time, making them less economical for large-scale printing.

2. Laser Printing:

Laser printing is a digital printing process that produces high-quality text and graphics by
repeatedly passing a laser beam back and forth over a negatively charged drum to define a
differentially charged image.

Fig. 3.1.20 Lazer Printing

• Strengths: Laser printers are known for their high-speed printing, making them ideal for high-
volume printing environments. They also produce sharp text and graphics and are cost-
effective for medium to large-scale printing.
• Weaknesses: Laser printers are generally more expensive upfront compared to inkjet printers.
They can be larger and noisier, and color laser printers are typically more expensive than their
monochrome counterparts.

3. 3D Printing (Additive Manufacturing):

3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a process of creating three-dimensional

objects from a digital file. The creation of a 3D printed object is achieved using additive processes,
where successive layers of material are laid down until the object is created. Each of these layers
can be seen as a thinly sliced horizontal cross-section of the eventual object.

Fig. 3.1.21 3D Printing (Additive Manufacturing

57
Participant Handbook

• Strengths: 3D printing allows for the creation of complex shapes and structures that would be
difficult or impossible to produce with traditional manufacturing methods. It is also highly
customizable and produces less waste.
• Weaknesses: 3D printing can be slow for large-scale production and may not yet be cost-
effective for mass production. The quality of prints can also vary depending on the printer and
materials used.

4. Digital Printing:

Digital printing is a modern printing method that involves transferring a digital image directly
onto a variety of media using inkjet or laser printers. Unlike traditional printing methods such as
offset printing, which require the creation of plates, digital printing does not use plates, making it
a more cost-effective and flexible option for small to medium print runs.

Fig. 3.1.22 Digital Printing

• Strengths: Digital printing is ideal for short print runs and variable data printing, as each print
can be unique without incurring additional costs. It also offers quick turnaround times.
• Weaknesses: The cost per page can be higher compared to offset printing for large print runs.
Digital prints may also have a lower quality than offset prints, especially for high-volume jobs.

5. Offset Printing:

Offset printing is a widely used printing technique where the inked image is transferred (or
“offset”) from a plate to a rubber blanket, then to the printing surface. This method is commonly
used for producing large volumes of high-quality prints, such as newspapers, brochures, and books.

Fig. 3.1.23 Offset Printing

58
 3D Printing Consultant

• Strengths: Offset printing is known for its high-quality prints, especially for large-scale printing.
It is also cost-effective for large print runs and offers a wide range of paper types and finishes.
• Weaknesses: Offset printing requires a longer setup time and is not cost-effective for small
print runs. It also produces more waste compared to digital printing.

Each printing technology has its own strengths and weaknesses, making them suitable for
different applications based on factors such as volume, quality, cost, and speed.

3.1.7 3D printers and software tools

3D printers are machines that create physical objects from digital models by laying down successive
layers of material. They’re used in various industries for rapid prototyping, manufacturing, and even in
the medical field for creating custom implants and prosthetics.

Here are some popular 3D printers:

1. Ultimaker S5: Known for its large build volume and reliability, it’s often used in professional
settings for prototyping and production.
2. Prusa i3 MK3: A popular choice among makers and enthusiasts, known for its affordability and
open-source nature.
3. Formlabs Form 3: A resin-based 3D printer known for its high precision and ability to create
detailed models.
4. LulzBot TAZ 6: Known for its large build volume and versatility, it’s often used by professionals and
enthusiasts alike.

As for software tools, there are many available for designing 3D models and preparing them for printing.
Some popular ones include:
1. AutoCAD: A widely used software for 3D modeling and drafting, often used in engineering
and architecture.
2. Solid Works: Another popular choice for 3D modeling, especially in mechanical engineering and
product design.
3. Blender: An open-source software for 3D modeling, animation, and rendering, used by artists,
designers, and game developers.
4. Tinkercad: A simple, web-based 3D design tool for beginners and educators, great for learning
the basics of 3D modeling.
5. Slicer software: Tools like Cura, PrusaSlicer, and Simplify3D are used to prepare 3D models for
printing by generating the toolpath and support structures. 3.1.7 3D printers and software tools

59
Participant Handbook

3.1.8 Materials Used For 3D Printing

When evaluating materials for 3D printing, several key factors should be considered, including
mechanical properties, cost, printability, and intended use. Here are some commonly used materials
and their characteristics:
• PLA (Polylactic Acid): PLA is a biodegradable thermoplastic made from renewable resources like
cornstarch or sugarcane. It’s easy to print with, has low shrinkage, and is suitable for beginners.
However, it can be brittle and has a lower temperature resistance compared to other materials.
• ABS (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene): ABS is a strong and impact-resistant thermoplastic. It has
better temperature resistance and toughness compared to PLA but can be more challenging to
print with due to warping issues. It also emits fumes during printing, requiring good ventilation.
• PETG (Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol): PETG is a durable and impact-resistant material with
good temperature resistance. It is easier to print with than ABS and has low shrinkage, making it
suitable for larger prints.
• Nylon: Nylon is a strong and flexible material with good impact resistance. It has low friction and
is wear-resistant, making it suitable for functional parts. However, it requires a heated print bed
and good ventilation due to fumes.
• TPU (Thermoplastic Polyurethane): TPU is a flexible and elastic material with good abrasion
resistance. It’s used for making flexible parts such as phone cases, seals, and gaskets. It requires
a printer capable of handling flexible filaments.
• Resin (SLA/DLP): Resin-based 3D printing (SLA/DLP) produces high-resolution prints with smooth
surface finishes. Resins come in various types, including standard, tough, flexible, and high-
temperature resistant. Resin printing requires UV light for curing and post-processing with IPA
(Isopropyl Alcohol).
• Metal Filaments: Filaments infused with metal particles (e.g., brass, copper, stainless steel) allow
for 3D printing metal-like objects. These filaments are typically used for aesthetic purposes and
are not suitable for structural applications.
• Wood Filaments: Filaments infused with wood particles allow for 3D printing objects with a
wood-like appearance. These filaments can be sanded and stained like wood but may require a
nozzle with a larger diameter due to the particles.

When evaluating materials for 3D printing, it’s important to consider the specific requirements of your
project, such as strength, flexibility, temperature resistance, and aesthetic appearance, to choose the
most suitable material.

3.1.9 Printer and software set-up for 3D printing

To demonstrate the printer and software setup for 3D printing, you’ll need a 3D printer, the appropriate
software, and a computer connected to the printer. Here’s a general guide:

60
 3D Printing Consultant

• Unboxing and Assembly: If the printer requires assembly, follow the manufacturer’s instructions
to assemble it properly. Ensure all parts are securely connected.
• Connect Printer to Computer: Use the USB cable or connect via Wi-Fi, depending on your printer
model. Install any drivers required for your computer to recognize the printer.
• Software Installation: Download and install the 3D printing software recommended by the printer
manufacturer. Popular software includes Cura, Simplify3D, or PrusaSlicer.
• Software Configuration: Open the software and select your printer model from the list. Configure
settings such as print quality, infill, and supports based on your requirements.
• Loading Filament: Insert the filament spool into the printer’s filament holder. Feed the filament
into the printer’s extruder, following the printer’s instructions.
• Calibrating the Printer: Use the printer’s control panel or software to calibrate the print bed. This
ensures the correct distance between the nozzle and the print bed for proper adhesion.
• Loading a 3D Model: Import a 3D model file (STL or OBJ format) into the software. Position and
scale the model as needed.
• Slicing the Model: Use the software to slice the 3D model into layers. Adjust slicing settings for
layer height, print speed, and other parameters.
• Printing: Start the print job from the software. The printer will heat up, and the print head will
move according to the sliced layers, depositing filament to create the 3D object.
• Monitoring: Keep an eye on the print job to ensure its proceeding correctly. Make
adjustments if necessary.
• Post-Processing: Once the print is complete, remove the object from the print bed. Clean up any
excess filament or support material.
• Troubleshooting: Be prepared to troubleshoot common issues such as print bed adhesion
problems, filament jams, or layer shifting.

3.1.10 Process Flow In 3D Printing Using A Sample Model

Fig. 3.1.24 Process Flow in 3D Printing

61
Participant Handbook

1. 3D Model Creation: The process starts with the creation of a 3D model using Computer-Aided
Design (CAD) software. This software allows designers to create virtual representations of objects
with precise dimensions and specifications.
2. STL File: The STL file format has become the Rapid Prototyping industry’s defect to standard data
transmission format, and is the format required to interact with Quick parts. This format
approximates the surfaces of a solid model with triangles
3. Slicing: The 3D model is then imported into slicing software. Slicing involves breaking down the
3D model into thin horizontal layers (slices), which the 3D printer will then recreate layer by layer.
In this step, parameters such as layer height, infill density, and print speed are set based on the
desired quality and properties of the final print.
4. Generating G-code: The slicing software generates G-code instructions based on the sliced layers.
G-code is a numerical control programming language used to control automated machine tools,
including 3D printers. It contains specific instructions for the printer on how to move, extrude
material, and set other parameters during the printing process.
5. 3D Printer: 3D printing is a process that uses computer-aided design, or CAD, to create objects
layer by layer. 3D printing is commonly used in manufacturing and automotive industries, where
tools and parts are made using 3D printers.
6. 3D Objects: 3D objects are objects that exist in three dimensions, meaning they have length,
width, and height. In the context of computer graphics, 3D objects are used to represent objects
in virtual environments or in animations. These objects can be created using 3D modeling software
and can range from simple geometric shapes to complex, detailed models of real-world
objects or characters.

Scan the QR code or click on the link to watch related videos

https://youtu.be/_V7_SiSiaak?si=nVkPgRlJsXZ5ADyw

About 3D printing and Evolution of 3D Printing

62
 3D Printing Consultant

Unit 3.2 - Business Requirement Analysis

Unit Objectives
At the end of the module, the participant will be able to:
1. Define Business Requirement Analysis (BRA)
2. Evaluate the Profile and business requirements of organizations
3. Evaluate the Competitive advantage of the 3D Printing technology
4. Discuss the importance of stakeholders in interpreting business requirements
5. Discuss the Various financial analysis techniques in relation to feasibility analysis
6. List the ways to Develop an Initial Roadmap For 3D Printing Adoption
7. Explain design thinking principals while understanding customer requirements
8. Evaluate the Impact of 3D Printing solution on the JIT delivery
9. Discuss how to Calculate the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) And Its Components

3.2.1 Understanding Business Requirement Analysis (BRA)

Fig. 3.2.1 Business Requirement Analysis (BRA)

Business Requirement Analysis (BRA) in 3D printing involves identifying, documenting, and managing
the needs and requirements of stakeholders to ensure the successful development and deployment of
3D printing projects. This analysis helps ensure that the final product meets the intended purpose and
adds value to the business. Here are the key steps involved in conducting BRA for 3D printing:

63
Participant Handbook

1. Stakeholder Identification and Engagement

• Identify Stakeholders: Determine who will be affected by the 3D printing project, including
clients, end-users, project managers, designers, and production staff.
• Engage Stakeholders: Conduct interviews, surveys, and meetings to gather information about
their needs, expectations, and any constraints.

2. Requirement Gathering
• Functional Requirements: Define what the 3D printed object should do. This includes its
purpose, features, and functions. For example, if the object is a prototype, it may need to
demonstrate certain mechanical properties.
• Non-Functional Requirements: Specify quality attributes such as durability, precision, surface
finish, and tolerance levels. Also consider aspects like scalability, reliability, and performance.

3. Analysis and Documentation

• Requirement Analysis: Analyze the gathered requirements to identify any conflicts or
redundancies. Prioritize the requirements based on their importance and feasibility.
• Documentation: Create detailed documents such as Requirement Specifications, Use Cases,
and User Stories. These documents should be clear, concise, and easily understandable by
all stakeholders.

3.2.2 Profile and business requirements of organizations

Evaluating the profile and business requirements of organizations in 3D can be a complex task, as it
involves understanding their specific needs and goals related to 3D technology.

Here are some key aspects to consider:

1. Industry Sector: Identify the industry sector the organization operates in, as different sectors
have different requirements for 3D technology. For example, manufacturing companies may use
3D printing for rapid prototyping, while architectural firms may use it for creating detailed models.
2. Size and Scale: Determine the size and scale of the organization, as this can impact their
requirements for 3D technology. Larger organizations may have more resources to invest in
advanced 3D solutions, while smaller organizations may need more cost-effective options.
3. Current 3D Capabilities: Assess the organization’s current 3D capabilities, if any. This includes the
type of 3D technology they are using, the software applications they use, and their level of
expertise in 3D design and printing.
4. Business Objectives: Understand the organization’s business objectives and how 3D technology
can help them achieve these objectives. For example, they may want to reduce production costs,
improve product quality, or enhance their design capabilities.

64
 3D Printing Consultant

5. Competitive Landscape: Analyze the competitive landscape of the organization’s industry and
how 3D technology is being used by competitors. This can help identify opportunities for using 3D
technology to gain a competitive advantage.
6. Regulatory and Compliance Requirements: Determine if the organization has any specific
regulatory or compliance requirements related to 3D technology. This can impact the type of
solutions that are suitable for them.

By carefully evaluating these aspects, you can gain a comprehensive understanding of an organization’s
profile and business requirements related to 3D technology, which can help you recommend the most
suitable solutions and strategies for them.

3.2.3 Competitive advantage of the 3D Printing technology

Fig. 3.2.2 3D Printing

3D printing offers several competitive advantages, including:
1. Rapid Prototyping: 3D printing allows for quick and cost-effective prototyping of new designs,
reducing the time to market for new products.
2. Customization: It enables customization of products, allowing companies to offer personalized
products to their customers.
3. Complexity: 3D printing can create complex geometries that are difficult or impossible to achieve
with traditional manufacturing methods, leading to innovative designs.
4. Cost-Effectiveness: For low-volume production runs, 3D printing can be more cost-effective than
traditional manufacturing methods, as it does not require expensive molds or tooling.
5. Reduced Waste: Traditional subtractive manufacturing methods can result in a significant amount
of waste material, while 3D printing is an additive process, producing minimal waste.

65
Participant Handbook

6. Supply Chain Simplification: By enabling on-site or localized manufacturing, 3D printing can

simplify supply chains and reduce lead times and transportation costs.
7. Innovation and Design Freedom: 3D printing allows for rapid iteration and experimentation with
designs, fostering innovation and enabling the creation of unique products.

3.2.3.1 Disruption of Supply Chain

Due to The Emergence of 3D Printing

Fig. 3.2.3 3D Printing Supply chain

The emergence of 3D printing has the potential to disrupt traditional supply chains in several ways:
1. Localized Production: 3D printing enables localized, on-demand production. Instead of
manufacturing products in a centralized location and shipping them to various locations, products
can be produced closer to the point of consumption. This reduces the need for long-distance
shipping and warehousing.
2. Reduced Inventory: With 3D printing, companies can produce items as needed, reducing the
need for large inventories. This can lead to cost savings and a more efficient use of resources.
3. Customization: 3D printing allows for greater customization of products. This can lead to increased
customer satisfaction and potentially higher profit margins.
4. Supply Chain Simplification: The traditional supply chain involves multiple steps, including
manufacturing, transportation, warehousing, and retail. 3D printing can simplify this process by
combining some of these steps or eliminating the need for certain steps altogether.
5. Impact on Suppliers: The emergence of 3D printing could impact suppliers who provide
components or raw materials for traditional manufacturing processes. If companies start
producing these components or materials in-house using 3D printing, it could reduce the demand
for these suppliers.

66
 3D Printing Consultant

Overall, while 3D printing has the potential to disrupt traditional supply chains, it also presents
opportunities for companies to innovate and improve their operations. By embracing 3D printing
technology, companies can potentially reduce costs, increase efficiency, and offer more customized
products to their customers.

3.2.3.1.1 Understand the advantage 3dp technology

would provide to the organization
Implementing 3D printing technology involves integrating a range of advanced processes and tools to
create three-dimensional objects from digital models. This technology utilizes additive manufacturing
techniques, where materials are deposited layer by layer to build up the final product. The implementation
begins with designing a 3D model using computer-aided design (CAD) software, which is then converted
into a format compatible with 3D printers, such as STL files. This digital model is sliced into thin cross-
sectional layers, which the printer uses as a blueprint to construct the object. Materials used in 3D
printing vary from plastics and resins to metals and ceramics, depending on the application’s requirements.
Adopting 3D printing (3DP) technology provide numerous advantages to an organization, ranging from
cost savings to improved innovation. Here are some key benefits:
• Reduced Manufacturing Costs: 3D printing can lower the cost of production by minimizing the
need for traditional tooling and reducing material waste.
• Prototyping: Rapid prototyping with 3D printing can save costs associated with developing and
testing new products.
• Faster Prototyping: 3D printing allows for quick production of prototypes, accelerating the design
and development process.
• Personalization: 3D printing allows for the creation of customized products tailored to individual
customer needs.
• Design Freedom: Complex geometries and intricate designs that are difficult or impossible with
traditional manufacturing methods can be easily produced.
• Enhanced R&D: 3D printing encourages innovation by allowing for the experimentation of new
designs and concepts with less risk and investment.
• On-Demand Manufacturing: Parts can be printed as needed, reducing the need for large
inventories and storage costs.
• Decentralized Production: Production can be localized, reducing shipping costs and lead times.
• Integrated Functionality: 3D printing can integrate multiple parts into a single component,
reducing assembly time and potential points of failure.
• Market Differentiation: Companies that adopt 3D printing can differentiate themselves through
innovative products and faster time-to-market.

67
Participant Handbook

• Enhanced Customer Experience: Offering customized and innovative products can enhance
customer satisfaction and loyalty.

3.2.3.2 Improvement in the product

performance after 3D Printing implementation
Implementing 3D printing in product development can lead to significant improvements in product
performance across various dimensions. The implementation of 3D printing can significantly enhance
product performance in various ways:

1. Customization and Design Flexibility:

Fig. 3.2.4 Flexible 3D Printing

• 3D printing allows for greater customization of products to meet specific customer needs
and preferences.
• Complex geometries that are difficult or impossible to achieve with traditional manufacturing
methods can be easily produced, leading to improved functionality and performance.

2. Weight Reduction:

Fig. 3.2.5 Weight reduction by Redesign

• Products can be designed with optimized structures that reduce weight without compromising
strength. This is particularly beneficial in industries like aerospace and automotive, where
weight reduction can enhance fuel efficiency and performance.

3.

68
 3D Printing Consultant

4. Material Efficiency:

Fig. 3.2.6 3D Printing Reduce Waste

• 3D printing enables the use of advanced materials and composites, which can offer superior
properties such as higher strength-to-weight ratios, better thermal resistance, and
improved durability.
• Material waste is minimized since the process uses only the necessary amount of
material for the build.

5. Rapid Prototyping and Iteration:

Fig. 3.2.7 Rapid prototyping 3D printing

• Faster prototyping speeds up the design process, allowing for more iterations and refinements
before finalizing the product. This leads to better performance and quality.
• Designers can test multiple versions of a product quickly and economically, ensuring that the
final version performs optimally.

6. Cost Efficiency:

Fig. 3.2.8 Reduce Cost of 3D Printing

69
Participant Handbook

• While initial setup costs for 3D printing can be high, the overall cost of production can be
lower due to reduced material waste, lower labour costs, and the elimination of the need
for expensive molds and tooling. Sustainability:

Fig. 3.2.9 Sustainability

• The reduction in material waste and the ability to use recycled or more sustainable materials
contribute to a lower environmental impact, which can be a key performance indicator for
many companies.

By leveraging these advantages, companies can achieve significant improvements in product performance,
leading to enhanced customer satisfaction and competitive advantage in the market.

3.2.4 Importance of stakeholders in interpreting

business requirements and feasibility analysis
In 3D printing, various stakeholders play crucial roles in interpreting business requirements and
conducting feasibility analysis. Here’s a breakdown of their importance:

70
 3D Printing Consultant

1. Business Analysts:

Fig. 3.2.10 Business Analysts

They are responsible for understanding the business needs and translating them into functional
requirements. They ensure that the 3D printing project aligns with the overall business
strategy and goals.

2. Manufacturing Experts:

Fig. 3.2.11 3D printing technology

They provide insights into the manufacturing process and help in assessing the feasibility of
producing the desired parts using 3D printing technology. They also provide guidance on material
selection and production techniques.

71
Participant Handbook

3. Technology Specialists:

Fig. 3.2.12 Technology Specialists

They are knowledgeable about the latest 3D printing technologies and can provide advice on
which technology is best suited for the project. They also help in evaluating the feasibility of using
3D printing for specific parts or products.

4. Project Managers:

Fig. 3.2.13 Project Managers

They oversee the entire 3D printing project and ensure that it stays on track and meets the
required deadlines. They coordinate with all stakeholders to ensure smooth communication
and collaboration.

72
 3D Printing Consultant

5. Regulatory Experts:

Fig. 3.2.14 Regulatory Experts

They ensure that the 3D printing project complies with all relevant regulations and standards.
They provide guidance on safety, quality control, and other regulatory requirements.

In summary, the involvement of various stakeholders is essential in interpreting business requirements

and conducting feasibility analysis in 3D printing. Their expertise and input help in ensuring that the 3D
printing project is successful and meets the desired objectives.

3.2.5 Various financial analysis techniques

in relation to feasibility analysis
Financial analysis plays a crucial role in determining the feasibility of a 3D printing project. Several
techniques can be employed to assess the financial viability of such ventures:
• Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA):

Fig. 3.2.15 Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA)

73
Participant Handbook

CBA compares the costs of implementing a 3D printing project with the benefits expected to be
received over a specific period. It helps in determining if the benefits outweigh the costs.
• Return on Investment (ROI):

Fig. 3.2.16 Return on Investment (ROI)

ROI is a financial metric that calculates the return generated on an investment relative to its cost.
It helps in evaluating the profitability of a 3D printing project.
• Net Present Value (NPV):

Fig. 3.2.17 Net Present Value (NPV)

NPV calculates the present value of future cash flows generated by a 3D printing project,
considering the initial investment. A positive NPV indicates the project is financially viable.
• Internal Rate of Return (IRR):

Fig. 3.2.18 Internal Rate of Return (IRR)

74
 3D Printing Consultant

IRR is the discount rate at which the NPV of all cash flows from a 3D printing project is zero. It
helps in assessing the project’s potential profitability.
• Payback Period:

Fig. 3.2.19 Payback Period

Payback period calculates the time required for the cumulative cash flows of a 3D printing project
to equal the initial investment. A shorter payback period indicates higher profitability.
• Sensitivity Analysis:

Fig. 3.2.20 Sensitivity analysis

Sensitivity analysis evaluates how changes in key variables (such as material costs, labor costs,
and demand) affect the financial outcomes of a 3D printing project. It helps in assessing the
project’s risk.
• Break-Even Analysis:

Fig. 3.2.21 Break-even analysis

75
Participant Handbook

Break-even analysis determines the level of sales or production at which a 3D printing project
covers all its costs and neither makes a profit nor incurs a loss. It helps in setting pricing strategies.

By employing these financial analysis techniques, stakeholders can assess the feasibility of 3D printing
projects, make informed decisions, and ensure the financial success of their ventures.

3.2.6 Develop an Initial Roadmap For 3D Printing Adoption

Developing an initial roadmap for 3D printing adoption involves several key steps to ensure a successful
and effective implementation. Here is a general outline:

Fig. 3.2.22 Initial Roadmap for 3D Printing

1. Assessment of Current State: Evaluate the current state of your organization, including existing
technologies, processes, and skillsets. Identify areas where 3D printing can bring the most value.
2. Identify Objectives: Define clear and measurable objectives for adopting 3D printing. These
objectives should align with the overall goals of the organization, such as cost savings, time
efficiency, or product innovation.
3. Research and Education: Conduct research on 3D printing technologies, materials, and
applications relevant to your industry. Educate key stakeholders about the benefits and challenges
of 3D printing.
4. Identify Key Stakeholders: Identify key stakeholders who will be involved in the adoption process,
including executives, engineers, designers, and operators. Ensure they are engaged and supportive
of the initiative.
5. Develop a Budget: Create a budget for the adoption of 3D printing, including costs for equipment,
materials, training, and maintenance. Consider both short-term and long-term expenses.
6. Training and Skill Development: Provide training for employees to develop the necessary skills
for using 3D printing technology effectively. This may include software training, design skills, and
machine operation.
7. Continuous Improvement: Continuously evaluate and improve the 3D printing adoption strategy
based on feedback and results. Make adjustments as necessary to ensure the initiative is meeting
its objectives.

By following these steps, you can develop an initial roadmap for 3D printing adoption that is aligned with
your organization’s goals and objectives, leading to a successful implementation of this
innovative technology.

76
 3D Printing Consultant

3.2.7 Apply design thinking principals while

understanding customer requirements
Applying design thinking principles to understand customer requirements involves a structured
approach to empathize with users, define their needs, ideate solutions, prototype concepts, and test
them for feedback. Here’s how you can do it:

Fig. 3.2.23 Design Thinking Principles

1. Empathize: Begin by understanding the customer’s perspective. Conduct interviews, surveys, and
observations to gain insights into their needs and challenges.
2. Define: Use the information gathered to define the core problems and challenges faced by the
customers. Create personas and user stories to represent different customer segments.
3. Ideate: Brainstorm potential solutions. Encourage creativity and explore a wide range of ideas.
Use techniques like mind mapping, storyboarding, and SCAMPER (Substitute, Combine, Adapt,
Modify, Put to another use, Eliminate, Reverse) to generate innovative ideas.
4. Prototype: Develop rough prototypes of the most promising ideas. These can be sketches,
wireframes, or even simple models. The goal is to quickly visualize and communicate the concepts.
5. Test: Test the prototypes with actual users to gather feedback. This step is crucial for validating
assumptions and refining the concepts based on user input.

Throughout this process, it’s important to keep the customer at the center of your design decisions. By
empathizing with them, defining their needs, ideating solutions, prototyping concepts, and testing them,
you can ensure that your design meets their requirements effectively.

3.2.8 Impact of 3D Printing solution on the JIT delivery

Implementing a 3D printing solution can have a significant impact on various aspects of a business,
including overhead costs, inventory management costs, working capital costs, and on-demand
production or manufacturing costs (Just-In-Time delivery). Here’s an evaluation of the impact:

77
Participant Handbook

1. Overhead Costs:
• Reduction: 3D printing can reduce overhead costs by eliminating the need for traditional
manufacturing equipment and processes, such as molds and tooling. This can lead to savings
in maintenance, energy consumption, and labor costs associated with traditional
manufacturing methods.
• Increase: However, initial investment in 3D printing technology and ongoing maintenance
costs can increase overhead costs in the short term.

2. Inventory Management Costs:

• Reduction: With 3D printing, businesses can adopt a “print on demand” approach, reducing
the need for large inventories. This can lower inventory holding costs, reduce the risk of
obsolete inventory, and minimize the need for warehouse space.
• Increase: On the other hand, managing a digital inventory of 3D designs and materials can
require new software and systems, which may increase inventory management costs initially.

3. Working Capital Costs:

• Reduction: By reducing the need for large inventories, 3D printing can free up working capital
that would otherwise be tied up in inventory. This can improve cash flow and allow businesses
to invest in other areas of the business.
• Increase: However, the initial investment in 3D printing technology and ongoing material
costs can increase working capital costs in the short term.

4. On-Demand Production/Manufacturing Costs (JIT Delivery):

• Reduction: 3D printing enables on-demand production, allowing businesses to produce items
only when needed. This can reduce the costs associated with producing and storing
excess inventory.
• Increase: However, the cost per unit of 3D printed parts can be higher than traditional
manufacturing methods, especially for larger production runs. Additionally, the need for
faster turnaround times with JIT delivery may require investments in faster 3D printing
technology or more efficient processes, which can increase costs.

Overall, the impact of 3D printing on overhead costs, inventory management costs, working capital costs,
and on-demand production/manufacturing costs can vary depending on the specific application and
implementation. While 3D printing can lead to cost savings in certain areas, businesses need to carefully
evaluate the costs and benefits before implementing a 3D printing solution.

78
 3D Printing Consultant

3.2.9 Calculating the Total Cost of

Ownership (TCO) And Its Components
Calculating the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) involves considering several factors, including
implementation costs, transition costs, operational costs, and retirement costs. Here’s a breakdown of
each component:

Fig. 3.2.24 Calculating the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO)

1. Implementation Costs: These are the expenses associated with acquiring and setting up the
system or asset. It includes the purchase cost of hardware or software, licensing fees, installation
charges, customization costs, and any initial training expenses.
2. Transition Costs: Transition costs refer to the expenses incurred during the migration from the old
system to the new one. This includes data migration, integration with existing systems, downtime
costs during the transition period, reconfiguration, and any additional training required for staff
to adapt to the new system.
3. Operational Costs: These are the ongoing expenses required to operate and maintain the system
over its lifespan. This includes costs such as maintenance, support fees, software updates,
hardware upgrades, energy consumption, staffing, and any other recurring expenses associated
with the system’s day-to-day operations.
4. Retirement Costs: Retirement costs involve the expenses associated with decommissioning or
replacing the system at the end of its useful life. This includes disposal costs, data migration or
archiving, termination of contracts, potential penalties for early termination, and any other
expenses related to retiring the system.

To calculate the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO), you would sum up all these costs over the system’s
expected lifespan. The formula for TCO can be expressed as:

TCO=Implementation Costs+Transition Costs+(Annual Operational Costs×Number of Years in

Use)+Retirement CostsTCO = \text{Implementation Costs} + \text{Transition Costs} + (\text{Annual
Operational Costs} \times \text{Number of Years in Use}) + \text{Retirement Costs}TCO=Implementation
Costs+Transition Costs+(Annual Operational Costs×Number of Years in Use)+Retirement Costs

Once you have all the cost figures, plug them into this formula to get the total cost of ownership for the
system or asset. Keep in mind that estimating operational costs over the entire lifespan of the system may

79
Participant Handbook

require making assumptions about factors such as inflation, changes in technology, and potential
future expenses.

3.2.9.1 Analyze and interpret the impact of adoption

and roll-out costs of 3D printing implementation
The adoption and roll-out costs of implementing 3D printing can have several impacts, both positive
and challenging, depending on various factors. Here’s an analysis of these impacts:
Positive Impacts:
• 3D printing can potentially lower manufacturing costs by reducing material waste and optimizing
production processes. It allows for on-demand manufacturing, eliminating the need for large
inventories and reducing storage costs.
• Prototyping and product development cycles can be significantly shortened with 3D printing. This
rapid iteration capability enables faster time-to-market for new products and innovations.
• 3D printing facilitates customization at a lower cost compared to traditional manufacturing
methods. This capability can cater to niche markets and personalized products, enhancing
customer satisfaction.
• Design freedom is expanded with 3D printing, allowing for intricate geometries and complex
structures that are difficult or impossible to achieve with traditional methods. This can lead to
innovative product designs.
• Implementation of 3D printing can simplify the supply chain by reducing the number of suppliers
needed and enabling decentralized manufacturing closer to the point of demand.

Challenges and Considerations:

• The upfront costs of acquiring 3D printers, software, and training personnel can be significant.
Organizations must budget for equipment, materials, and the infrastructure needed for 3D printing.
• There may be a need for training existing staff or hiring new talent with expertise in 3D printing
technologies and design optimization. This adds to the overall implementation costs.
• Specialized materials used in 3D printing can be expensive, especially for certain applications
requiring high-performance or custom formulations. Availability and sourcing logistics may also
pose challenges.
• Ensuring consistent quality and meeting industry standards with 3D printed parts can require
additional investments in testing equipment and processes. Quality assurance protocols must be
established and maintained.
• Implementing 3D printing may raise concerns about intellectual property protection, especially in
industries where product designs are proprietary. Regulatory compliance with safety and
environmental standards also needs to be ensured.

80
 3D Printing Consultant

Overall Impact:
• Despite initial costs, the long-term economic benefits of 3D printing can outweigh the initial
investment through cost savings in production, reduced lead times, and increased
operational efficiency.
• 3D printing fosters innovation by enabling rapid prototyping and customized solutions, which can
enhance competitiveness in dynamic markets.
• Early adopters of 3D printing can gain a strategic advantage by pioneering new applications and
business models, positioning themselves as technology leaders in their industries.

Exercise
A. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ):
1. What is a primary responsibility of a 3D Printing Consultant when working with a client?

a) Designing logos for the client’s brand

b) Conducting market research on 3D printing trends
c) Identifying suitable 3D printing technologies and materials for the client’s projects
d) Installing 3D printers at the client’s site

2. Which software is commonly used by 3D Printing Consultants to create and modify 3D models?

a) Adobe Photoshop b) AutoCAD

c) Microsoft Excel d) PowerPoint

3. Which of the following industries has widely adopted 3D printing for creating customized
prosthetics and implants?

a) Automotive b) Aerospace
c) Healthcare d) Textile

4. In which area is 3D printing used to produce lightweight components, reducing overall weight
and fuel consumption?

a) Education b) Fashion
c) Aerospace d) Food

5. Which of the following 3D printing technologies uses a laser to cure liquid resin into
hardened plastic?

a) Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) b) Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)

c) Stereolithography (SLA) d) Digital Light Processing (DLP)

81
Participant Handbook

B. True/False
1. Business Requirement Analysis primarily focuses on identifying
the technical specifications needed for a project.
2. Stakeholder analysis is an essential part of Business Requirement Analysis.
3. Business Requirement Analysis helps in understanding the underlying
business needs and the problems that the project aims to solve.
4. 3D printing solutions can significantly reduce lead times, thus
enhancing the efficiency of JIT delivery.
5. 3D printing allows for the on-demand production of parts,
which can reduce lead times and improve the efficiency of JIT delivery systems.
6. 3D printing solutions completely eliminate the need for inventory in a JIT delivery system.

C. Fill in the blanks:

1. In the medical field, 3D printing is utilized to create customized ......................................... tailored
to individual patients’ anatomical needs.
2. Architects and engineers utilize 3D printing to rapidly prototype ......................................... and
assess their structural integrity before full-scale production.
3. In Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), the ......................................... is melted and extruded
through a nozzle layer by layer to create the object.
4. Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) utilizes a laser to fuse ......................................... into a solid, layer
by layer, based on a 3D model.
5. Digital Light Processing (DLP) is similar to SLA but uses a ......................................... to project an
entire layer of the object at once.

82
 3D Printing Consultant

Notes

83
Participant Handbook

Notes

84
 3D Printing Consultant

Notes

85
Participant Handbook

86
4. S trategize
Enterprise-Grade
Roadmaps from
Conceptualization
Unit 4.1 - Technology Implementation

SSC/N8902
Participant Handbook

Key Learning Outcomes

At the end of the module, the participant will be able to:
1. Outline the industry specific steps required for new technology implementation
2. Describe New standards, procedures, best practices and regulate the adoption of 3D printing
3. Describe the Maturity Assessment Framework Of 3D Printing Process
4. Evaluate the reduction in manufacturing time inventory management costs
5. Define Perform root cause analysis
6. Develop GTM strategy with rapid prototype testing and iterations

88
 3D Printing Consultant

Unit 4.1 - Technology Implementation

Unit Objectives
At the end of the module, the participant will be able to:
1. Outline the industry specific steps required for new technology implementation
2. Describe New standards, procedures, best practices and regulate the adoption of 3D printing
3. Describe the Maturity Assessment Framework Of 3D Printing Process
4. Evaluate the reduction in manufacturing time inventory management costs
5. Define Perform root cause analysis
6. Develop GTM strategy with rapid prototype testing and iterations

4.1.1 Industry specific steps required

for new technology implementation
Implementing new technology in 3D printing requires careful planning and execution to ensure a
successful integration. Here’s an outline of industry-specific steps for implementing new technology
in 3D printing:
• Assessment of Current State: Evaluate the current 3D printing setup, including equipment,
software, and processes, to identify strengths, weaknesses, and areas for improvement.
• Define Objectives: Clearly define the objectives and goals for implementing the new technology,
such as improving print quality, increasing efficiency, or expanding capabilities.
• Research and Selection: Research available technologies that align with your objectives and
select the one that best fits your needs. Consider factors like compatibility with existing systems,
cost, and scalability.
• Training and Education: Provide training to employees on how to use the new technology
effectively. This may include training on software, equipment operation, and maintenance.
• Pilot Testing: Conduct pilot testing of the new technology in a controlled environment to evaluate
its performance and identify any issues or areas for improvement.
• Implementation Plan: Develop a detailed implementation plan that outlines the steps, timeline,
and responsibilities for deploying the new technology.
• Integration with Existing Systems: Ensure that the new technology is seamlessly integrated with
existing systems and processes to minimize disruption and maximize efficiency.

89
Participant Handbook

• Feedback and Continuous Improvement: Gather feedback from users and stakeholders to
identify areas for improvement and make necessary adjustments to enhance the
technology’s effectiveness.
• Compliance and Standards: Ensure that the new technology complies with industry standards
and regulations related to 3D printing.
• Maintenance and Support: Establish a maintenance and support plan to ensure that the new
technology remains operational and continues to meet your organization’s needs over time.

Following these steps can help ensure a smooth and successful implementation of new technology in 3D
printing, leading to improved efficiency, quality, and innovation in your organization

4.1.2 New standards, procedures, best practices

and regulate the adoption of 3D printing
The adoption of 3D printing has grown significantly in various industries, leading to the development
of new standards, procedures, and best practices. These aim to ensure quality, safety, and efficiency in
3D printing processes. Here are some key standards, procedures, and best practices:

1. Standardization: Organizations like ASTM International and ISO have developed standards specific
to 3D printing (e.g., ASTM F2792, ISO/ASTM 52900) to ensure quality, safety, and interoperability.
These standards cover aspects such as material properties, process parameters, and
testing methods.
2. Design Guidelines: Providing guidelines for designing parts for 3D printing can help ensure
optimal results. This includes considerations for supports, overhangs, and tolerances specific to
the printing process.
3. Process Control: Establishing procedures for process control, including calibration of machines,
maintenance, and monitoring of printing parameters, can help maintain consistency and quality.
4. Material Selection and Handling: Guidelines for selecting and handling materials, including
storage conditions and recycling, are important for ensuring the quality and safety of printed parts.
5. Post-Processing: Procedures for post-processing, such as removing supports, surface finishing,
and inspection, are essential for achieving the desired final part quality.
6. Quality Assurance and Testing: Establishing protocols for quality assurance and testing, including
dimensional accuracy, mechanical properties, and part performance, is critical for ensuring the
reliability of printed parts.
7. Regulatory Compliance: Ensuring compliance with relevant regulations and standards for specific
industries (e.g., medical devices, aerospace) is essential for the adoption of 3D printing
in these sectors.

90
 3D Printing Consultant

8. Training and Education: Providing training and educational resources for users on best practices,
safety guidelines, and the capabilities of 3D printing technologies can help maximize the
benefits of adoption.
9. Documentation and Traceability: Maintaining documentation and traceability of all aspects of
the printing process, including design files, materials used, and process parameters, is important
for quality control and accountability.
10. Continuous Improvement: Establishing mechanisms for continuous improvement based on
feedback and lessons learned from the printing process can help drive innovation and efficiency
in 3D printing adoption.

By following these standards, procedures, and best practices, organizations can ensure the safe, reliable,
and efficient adoption of 3D printing technologies across various industries.
By implementing these standards, procedures, and best practices, the adoption of 3D printing can be
facilitated and regulated, leading to improved quality, safety, and efficiency in 3D printing processes
across industries.

4.1.2.1 Review the changes in supply chain activities

with the introduction of 3dp technology
The introduction of 3D printing (3DP) technology has significantly transformed supply chain activities,
leading to several notable changes. Here’s a review of the key impacts:

Reduced Lead Times and Production Cycles

• On-Demand Production: 3DP allows for the on-demand production of parts and products,
eliminating the need for extensive lead times associated with traditional manufacturing.
• Rapid Prototyping: The ability to quickly prototype and iterate designs reduces the overall
product development cycle.
• Localized Manufacturing
• Decentralization: 3DP enables localized and decentralized manufacturing, reducing the
dependence on centralized factories and long-distance shipping.
• Reduced Transportation Costs: With production closer to the end-users, transportation costs and
times are significantly reduced.

Inventory Management
• Lower Inventory Levels: Companies can maintain lower inventory levels by printing parts as
needed, which reduces storage costs and the risk of obsolete inventory.
• Just-in-Time Production: 3DP supports just-in-time manufacturing, further optimizing
inventory management.

91
Participant Handbook

Customization and Flexibility

• Mass Customization: 3DP allows for high levels of customization without increasing costs,
enabling companies to offer personalized products to consumers.
• Design Flexibility: The technology supports complex designs that are difficult or impossible to
achieve with traditional manufacturing methods.

Supply Chain Resilience

• Risk Mitigation: The ability to produce parts locally can mitigate risks associated with supply
chain disruptions, such as natural disasters or geopolitical issues.
• Agility: Companies can quickly adapt to changes in demand or supply chain interruptions by
leveraging 3DP.

Sustainability
• Reduced Waste: 3DP is an additive manufacturing process, which typically generates less waste
compared to subtractive manufacturing methods.
• Lower Carbon Footprint: By reducing the need for transportation and minimizing waste, 3DP
contributes to a lower carbon footprint.

Supply Chain Complexity

• Simplified Supply Chains: 3DP can simplify supply chains by reducing the number of components
and suppliers needed, streamlining production processes.
• New Supply Chain Roles: New roles and skills are required, such as 3D printing specialists and
digital inventory managers.

Innovation and Competitive Advantage

• Accelerated Innovation: The ability to quickly prototype and test new designs accelerates
innovation cycles.
• Market Differentiation: Companies that effectively leverage 3DP can differentiate themselves
through innovative products and faster time-to-market.

The integration of 3D printing technology into supply chains brings about significant changes that enhance
efficiency, reduce costs, and increase flexibility. Companies adopting 3DP can better manage risks, meet
customer demands for customization, and achieve sustainable practices. However, they must also
navigate the initial investment and the need for new skills and roles within the supply chain. Overall, 3DP
technology is a powerful tool for transforming supply chain activities and gaining a competitive
edge in the market.

92
 3D Printing Consultant

4.1.3 Maturity Assessment Framework Of 3D Printing Process

Assessing the maturity of a 3D printing process involves evaluating various aspects of the process to
determine its effectiveness, efficiency, and reliability. A maturity assessment framework for 3D printing
typically includes the following key components:

1. Process Capabilities: Assess the capabilities of the 3D printing process, including the types of
materials that can be used, printing resolution, speed, and build volume.
2. Quality Management: Evaluate the quality management system in place, including quality control
processes, inspection methods, and adherence to industry standards.
3. Resource Management: Evaluate the resources required for 3D printing, such as equipment,
materials, and human resources, and assess their availability and adequacy.
4. Risk Management: Identify and assess potential risks associated with the 3D printing process,
such as material defects, equipment failures, and safety hazards.
5. Performance Measurement: Define and measure key performance indicators (KPIs) related to
the 3D printing process, such as printing speed, material usage, and defect rates.
6. Continuous Improvement: Identify areas for improvement in the 3D printing process and develop
strategies for continuous improvement, such as process optimization and technology upgrades.
7. Documentation and Training: Ensure that documentation and training materials are available
and up to date, and that personnel are trained in the use of 3D printing equipment and processes.
8. Integration with Other Processes: Evaluate the integration of 3D printing with other manufacturing
processes and systems, such as CAD/CAM software and inventory management systems.

By assessing these key components, organizations can gain a comprehensive understanding of the
maturity of their 3D printing process and identify areas for improvement to enhance its efficiency, quality,
and reliability.

4.1.3.1 Develop Maturity Assessment Frameworks to Track

Organizational Progress In 3D Printing Transformation
Developing a maturity assessment framework for tracking organizational progress in 3D printing
transformation involves several key steps:

1. Identify Key Dimensions: Determine the key dimensions or areas that are crucial for assessing
maturity in 3D printing transformation. This might include technology adoption, organizational
readiness, process integration, skill development, and business impact.
2. Define Maturity Levels: Establish different maturity levels that organizations can progress through
in each dimension, such as beginner, intermediate, advanced, and expert. Define specific criteria
for each level within each dimension.
3. Develop Assessment Criteria: Create detailed assessment criteria for each dimension and
maturity level. These criteria should be measurable, objective, and indicative of progress in 3D

93
Participant Handbook

printing transformation. For example, criteria for technology adoption might include the
percentage of 3D printing use cases implemented or the sophistication of printing
technology utilized.
4. Create Assessment Tools: Develop tools or surveys to collect data and assess the organization’s
maturity level in each dimension. These tools could include questionnaires, interviews, workshops,
or observation protocols tailored to the specific needs of 3D printing transformation.
5. Gather Data: Administer the assessment tools to relevant stakeholders within the organization to
gather data on their current state of maturity in 3D printing transformation. This might involve
engaging with employees across different departments, including R&D, manufacturing,
procurement, and supply chain.
6. Evaluate Results: Analyze the data collected to evaluate the organization’s maturity level in each
dimension of 3D printing transformation. Identify strengths, weaknesses, and areas
for improvement.
7. Provide Recommendations: Based on the assessment results, provide recommendations for
enhancing maturity in 3D printing transformation. These recommendations should be tailored to
the specific needs and circumstances of the organization and may include suggestions for
technology investments, skill development initiatives, process improvements, and
organizational changes.
8. Establish Metrics: Define key performance indicators (KPIs) to track progress over time and
establish benchmarks for measuring success in 3D printing transformation. These metrics should
be aligned with the organization’s strategic objectives and regularly monitored to ensure
continuous improvement.
9. Iterate and Refine: Continuously review and refine the maturity assessment framework based on
feedback, changes in technology, and evolving organizational needs. Update assessment criteria,
tools, and metrics as necessary to ensure relevance and effectiveness.
10. Drive Continuous Improvement: Use the maturity assessment framework as a tool to drive
continuous improvement in 3D printing transformation efforts. Regularly revisit the assessment
process, set new targets, and celebrate achievements to maintain momentum and commitment
to the transformation journey.

94
 3D Printing Consultant

4.1.4 Evaluate the reduction in manufacturing

time inventory management costs
Evaluating the reduction in manufacturing time and inventory management costs, such as those related
to overproduction and dead stock, with on-demand production can be complex and depends on various
factors. Here’s a general approach:

1. Manufacturing Time: On-demand production can significantly reduce manufacturing time by

eliminating the need to produce goods in advance and store them. The time saved depends on
the lead time required for traditional production versus the time it takes to produce
items on-demand.
2. Inventory Management Costs:
• Overproduction: With on-demand production, there is less risk of overproduction since items
are produced only when there is demand. This can reduce costs associated with excess
inventory, such as storage, handling, and obsolescence.
• Dead Stock: On-demand production can also help reduce dead stock, as items are produced
as needed, reducing the likelihood of items becoming obsolete or unsellable.

To evaluate the reduction in manufacturing time and inventory management costs, you can compare the
current costs and lead times of your traditional production and inventory management methods with the
estimated costs and lead times of on-demand production.

Consider the following steps:

3. Cost Analysis:
• Calculate the current costs of manufacturing, including materials, labour, and overheads.
• Calculate the costs associated with inventory management, such as storage, handling,
and obsolescence.
• Estimate the potential cost savings with on-demand production, including reduced inventory
costs and potential savings in production costs due to economies of scale or
efficiencies in production.

4. Lead Time Analysis:

• Determine the lead time required for traditional production, including ordering materials,
manufacturing, and delivery.
• Estimate the lead time for on-demand production, including production and delivery times.
• Compare the lead times and identify potential time savings with on-demand production.

5. Risk Assessment: Consider the potential risks associated with on-demand production, such as
production delays, supply chain disruptions, or increased production costs due to smaller batch sizes.
6. Implementation Plan: Develop an implementation plan for on-demand production, including any
changes required in production processes, supply chain management, and customer
demand forecasting.

95
Participant Handbook

7. Continuous Improvement: Monitor and evaluate the performance of on-demand production

regularly, identify areas for improvement, and implement changes to optimize the process further.

By following these steps, you can evaluate the reduction in manufacturing time and inventory management
costs with on-demand production and determine the feasibility and potential benefits of adopting this
production method.

4.1.5 Perform root cause analysis

Performing root cause analysis (RCA) involves investigating a problem or incident to identify the
underlying cause or causes that led to it. The goal of RCA is to address these root causes to prevent the
problem from recurring. The process typically involves the following steps:

Fig. 4.1.1 Performing root cause analysis (RCA)

1. Identify the Problem: Define the issue or incident that needs to be analysed.
2. Collect Data: Gather relevant information about the problem, including when and where it
occurred, who was involved, and what factors contributed to it.
3. Identify Possible Causes: Brainstorm potential causes of the problem, considering factors such as
human error, equipment malfunction, process issues, or external factors.
4. Narrow Down the Causes: Evaluate the potential causes and prioritize them based on their
likelihood and impact on the problem.
5. Determine the Root Cause: Investigate the prioritized causes in more detail to determine the
root cause or causes. This may involve using techniques like the “5 Whys” to repeatedly ask why
a certain factor occurred until the underlying cause is identified.
6. Develop Solutions: Once the root cause is identified, develop and implement solutions to address
it. These solutions should aim to prevent the problem from occurring again in the future.
7. Monitor and Evaluate: Monitor the effectiveness of the solutions and evaluate whether they
have successfully addressed the root cause and prevented the problem from recurring.

96
 3D Printing Consultant

RCA is a valuable tool for improving processes, systems, and performance by addressing underlying issues
that can lead to problems. It is commonly used in various industries, including manufacturing, healthcare,
IT, and engineering, to improve quality, safety, and efficiency.

4.1.5.1 Types of Root Causes

RCA analyses and identifies multiple types of root causes. There are three common types that can
cause failures including:

Fig. 4.1.2 Root Cause Analysis (RCA)

• Physical Causes: A physical cause is when a tangible item fails. For example, if an MRI machine at
a hospital stops working and prevents a patient from receiving the proper health care, this is a
physical root cause.
• Human Causes: This type of root cause is when one person or several team members does
something incorrectly. Human error will often lead to a physical cause, e.g., a hospital’s quality
management team didn’t perform an MRI machine’s scheduled inspection, which caused it to fail.
• Organizational Causes: An organizational root cause is when a system or process that an
organization uses to do its jobs is faulty. For example, if a hospital’s quality control department
mistakenly thought it was the patient safety department’s responsibility to inspect the MRI
machine and nobody corrected them, this is an organizational root cause.

97
Participant Handbook

4.1.5.2 Popular Root Cause Analysis Methods

The goal of RCA is to recognize all the underlying causes of a problem. Using an analysis method is a
useful tool to accomplish this task. Some popular root cause analysis methods are:
• The Five Whys:

Fig. 4.1.3 5 Whys

This is a problem-solving strategy that consists of asking “Why did this problem happen?” and
then following the answer up with a series of additional “But why?” questions until you get to the
root cause of the problem.
• Change Analysis:

Fig. 4.1.4 Change Analysis

98
 3D Printing Consultant

This method meticulously examines all the changes leading up to an event in hopes of discovering
risk management strategies. This is particularly useful when there are many possible causes.
• Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA):

Fig. 4.1.5 Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA)

FMEA is one of the first systematic failure analysis methods and is a step-by-step guide for
recognizing all potential failures in a product, business process or service. Once you’ve pinpointed
each failure in a system, you can then assess the effects of those failures one by one.

4.1.6 Develop GTM strategy with

rapid prototype testing and iterations
A go-to-market (GTM) strategy is a detailed plan of how your startup will reach its target customers
effectively and efficiently—where effectiveness depends on how rapidly you reach and convert customers
and efficiency on how profitable your efforts are. Typically, a GTM strategy includes a mix of direct and
indirect channels to educate, support, and distribute your product to customers. Developing a Go-To-
Market (GTM) strategy with rapid prototype testing and iterations can be a dynamic process that requires
flexibility and adaptability.

Fig. 4.1.6 Go-to-market (GTM) strategy

Steps to develop a go-to-market strategy with rapid prototype testing and iterations
Developing a go-to-market (GTM) strategy involves careful planning and execution to ensure the

99
Participant Handbook

successful introduction of a product or service to the market. Here are four essential steps to develop
an effective GTM strategy:

1. Market Research and Analysis

• Understand the Market: Conduct thorough research to understand the market dynamics,
including size, growth potential, trends, and competitive landscape.
• Identify Target Audience: Define the ideal customer profile by segmenting the market based
on demographics, psychographics, behavior, and needs.
• Analyze Competitors: Study competitors’ strengths, weaknesses, market positioning, and
strategies to identify opportunities and threats.

2. Value Proposition and Messaging

• Define Unique Selling Points (USPs): Clearly articulate what makes your product or service
unique and why customers should choose it over competitors.
• Craft Messaging: Develop compelling messages that resonate with your target audience,
highlighting the benefits and value your product or service offers.
• Positioning Statement: Create a positioning statement that clearly defines your product’s
place in the market and how it addresses the needs of your target customers.

3. Marketing and Sales Strategy

• Channel Strategy: Determine the most effective channels to reach your target audience, such
as online platforms, retail stores, or direct sales.
• Marketing Plan: Develop a comprehensive marketing plan that includes tactics like content
marketing, social media, email campaigns, SEO, and paid advertising.
• Sales Plan: Create a sales plan outlining the sales process, team structure, sales targets, and
incentives. Train your sales team to effectively communicate the value proposition and
handle objections.

4. Create Initial Prototype

• Design and Development: Create a basic version of the product to test core functionalities.
• User Feedback: Engage potential customers early to get feedback on the prototype.

5. Test and Iterate Prototypes

• Rapid Prototyping: Develop quick iterations based on user feedback to refine
features and usability.
• Agile Methodology: Use agile sprints to make continuous improvements and updates.
• Usability Testing: Conduct usability tests to identify any issues and gather insights on
user experience.

100
 3D Printing Consultant

6. Minimum Viable Product (MVP)

• Build MVP: Develop a version of the product with the minimum set of features required to
solve the core problem and attract early adopters.
• Launch MVP: Release the MVP to a select group of users or a limited market to test the
product in a real-world scenario

7. Execution and Measurement

• Launch Plan: Develop a detailed launch plan that outlines the timeline, key milestones, and
responsibilities for the launch activities.
• Implement Marketing and Sales Tactics: Execute the marketing and sales tactics according to
the plan, ensuring consistent messaging and branding across all channels.
• Monitor and Measure: Track the performance of your GTM strategy using key performance
indicators (KPIs) such as market penetration, sales revenue, customer acquisition cost, and
customer feedback. Continuously analyze the data and adjust your strategy as needed to
improve results.

By following these four steps, you can develop a robust go-to-market strategy that effectively positions
your product or service in the market, attracts the right customers, and drives business growth.

4.1.6.1 Implement a pull strategy to incorporate

customer feedback efficiently in the design
Implementing a pull strategy to incorporate customer feedback efficiently in design changes involves
leveraging real-time customer insights to drive production and design decisions. This contrasts with a
traditional supply chain’s push strategy, which often relies on forecasts and produces goods in advance.
Here’s how you can implement a pull strategy:

Fig. 4.1.7 customer feedback

101
Participant Handbook

Steps to Implement a Pull Strategy for Design Changes

Implementing a pull strategy for design changes involves a methodical approach that focuses on
responding to actual demand and feedback from users and stakeholders rather than pushing changes
based on predictions. Here are the steps to implement a pull strategy for design changes:

1. Identify Key Stakeholders:

• Engage with end-users, customers, developers, and other stakeholders who will be directly
impacted by the design changes.
• Establish communication channels for regular feedback and discussions.

2. Set Up Feedback Mechanisms:

• Create platforms for collecting feedback, such as surveys, user forums, focus groups, and
direct user interviews.
• Use analytics tools to gather data on how current designs are being used and identify pain
points or areas for improvement.

3. Analyze Feedback and Data:

• Regularly review and analyze the collected feedback and data to identify common
issues and patterns.
• Prioritize design changes based on the frequency and severity of the issues reported.

4. Develop a Backlog of Design Changes:

• Maintain a dynamic backlog of potential design changes, categorized and prioritized based on
stakeholder feedback and data analysis.
• Use tools like Jira, Trello, or other project management software to organize and
track these changes.

5. Create Cross-functional Teams:

• Form cross-functional teams that include designers, developers, product managers, and QA
testers to evaluate and implement the changes.
• Ensure that these teams have a clear understanding of the user requirements and the goals
of the design changes.

6. Implement Iterative Development:

• Use agile methodologies to implement design changes in small, incremental steps.
• Develop prototypes or beta versions of design changes and release them to a small group of
users for testing and feedback.

7. Gather Feedback on Prototypes:

• Collect feedback from users who tested the prototypes or beta versions to assess the
effectiveness of the changes.

102
 3D Printing Consultant

• Use this feedback to make further refinements before a wider release.

8. Monitor and Measure Impact:

• After releasing the design changes, monitor their impact using key performance indicators
(KPIs) such as user satisfaction, engagement metrics, and performance improvements.
• Use tools like Google Analytics, Hotjar, or custom dashboards to track these metrics.

9. Continuous Improvement:
• Establish a continuous improvement cycle where feedback is regularly gathered, analysed,
and acted upon.
• Encourage a culture of ongoing collaboration and communication between teams and
stakeholders to ensure the design continues to meet user needs.

10. Document and Communicate Changes:

• Maintain clear documentation of all design changes, including the rationale behind them, the
implementation process, and the feedback received.
• Communicate these changes to all relevant stakeholders to keep everyone informed and aligned.

By following these steps, you can create a responsive, user-centered design process that adapts to actual
needs and feedback, ensuring that design changes are relevant, effective, and well-received
by the end users.

Pull strategies
It’s a strong brand identity and making your products or services desirable to customers. This can be done
through advertising, public relations, and social media Strong brand identity and making your products
or services desirable to customers is a multifaceted process that involves various marketing strategies.
The following steps plays crucial roles in this endeavor:
• Advertising: Visual Appeal: The visual elements of your advertising, including colors, logos, and
design, contribute to the overall brand identity. Consistency in these visual elements across
different platforms helps in building brand recognition.
• Public Relations (PR): Building Trust: PR efforts are essential for building and maintaining trust.
Positive media coverage, press releases, and events can help shape public perception and
establish your brand as trustworthy and reliable.
• Social Media: Engagement: Social media platforms provide an excellent avenue for engaging with
your audience directly. Regular updates, responding to customer inquiries, and fostering a
community around your brand can enhance customer loyalty.
• Product Launch Strategies: Teasers and Previews: Release teasers or previews of your new
product to create anticipation. This can be done through various channels, including social media,
to build excitement leading up to the launch.

103
Participant Handbook

• Consistency across Platforms: Omni-Channel Marketing: Ensure a consistent brand experience

across all marketing channels. Whether it’s your website, social media, or traditional advertising,
a cohesive brand identity helps in reinforcing your message.
• Feedback and Iteration: Customer Feedback: Actively seek and respond to customer feedback.
This not only helps in addressing concerns but also demonstrates that your brand values
customer opinions.

Example
• Apple: Apple is known for its strong brand identity and its highly desirable products.
• Nike: Nike is another company that uses a pull strategy.
• Coca-Cola: Coca-Cola is one of the most recognizable brands in the world. The company uses a
pull strategy by creating a strong brand identity `

4.1.6.2 Market responsiveness

Market responsiveness refers to the ability of a company or organization to quickly adapt to changes in
the market environment. This includes being able to respond promptly to customer needs, competitive
actions, technological advancements, and shifts in economic conditions. Evaluating market
responsiveness and production speed in 3D printing (3DP) involves several key considerations and methods:

• Lead Time Analysis: Measure the time it takes from receiving an order to delivering the final
printed product. This includes both production time and any post-processing or finishing steps.
• Production Capacity Utilization: Assess how effectively your 3D printing equipment and resources
are utilized. This can be done by tracking machine uptime, downtime, and throughput.
• Customer Feedback and Demand Trends: Gather feedback from customers on their satisfaction
with lead times and responsiveness. Analyze trends in demand to anticipate peak periods and
adjust production schedules accordingly.
• Prototype Iteration Speed: Evaluate how quickly you can iterate through design changes and
produce updated prototypes. This reflects your ability to respond to design modifications and
customer feedback swiftly.

104
 3D Printing Consultant

• Comparative Analysis: Benchmark your production speed against industry standards or

competitors. This helps identify areas where improvements are needed.

4.1.6.3 Ways of optimize, validate and scale

the 3DP solution
Optimizing, validating, and scaling a 3D printing (3DP) solution involves a comprehensive approach
that includes technical, procedural, and organizational strategies. Here are key steps for each aspect:

Optimization
• Choose the right materials for specific applications to improve strength, durability, and finish.
• Implement proper storage and handling procedures to maintain material integrity.
• Utilize design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) principles to enhance part performance
and printability.
• Perform topology optimization to reduce material usage and weight without compromising strength.
• Optimize printing parameters (e.g., layer height, print speed, temperature) for quality
and efficiency.
• Implement adaptive slicing techniques to balance detail and print time.
• Use advanced software for slicing and simulation to predict and mitigate issues like warping or
support removal difficulties.
• Employ AI-driven tools to automatically suggest improvements in design and print settings.
• Regularly calibrate printers to ensure consistent quality.
• Perform routine maintenance to avoid downtime and defects.

Validation
• Create prototypes to test functionality, fit, and form.
• Conduct stress tests and other relevant evaluations to ensure performance under
expected conditions.
• Implement in-process monitoring techniques (e.g., thermal cameras, layer-wise scanning) to
detect and correct errors in real time.
• Use post-print inspection methods like 3D scanning and microscopy to verify dimensional accuracy
and surface quality.
• Adhere to industry standards (e.g., ISO/ASTM) for material and process validation.
• Obtain necessary certifications for critical applications (e.g., aerospace, medical).

105
Participant Handbook

Scaling
• Automate repetitive tasks such as part removal, post-processing, and inspection.
• Integrate 3DP systems with enterprise resource planning (ERP) and manufacturing execution
systems (MES) for seamless workflow management.
• Invest in multiple machines and scalable printer farms to increase production capacity.
• Optimize printer utilization by scheduling and prioritizing print jobs effectively.
• Develop a robust supply chain for raw materials to ensure availability and cost-effectiveness.
• Implement efficient logistics for distribution, including just-in-time manufacturing and on-demand
printing services.
• Use data analytics to monitor performance metrics and identify areas for improvement.
• Implement predictive maintenance and other proactive measures to minimize downtime and
enhance reliability.
• Maintain flexibility in production to quickly adapt to market changes and new requirements.

Exercise
A. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ):
1. Which of the following steps is essential during the conceptualization phase of an
enterprise-grade roadmap?

a) Setting up a testing environment b) Defining key objectives and goals

c) Developing a marketing campaign d) Launching the final product

2. What is the primary objective of root cause analysis?

a) To identify and fix symptoms of a problem

b) To determine the underlying cause of a problem
c) To allocate resources for problem resolution
d) To document known issues and their solutions

3. What is the first step in performing a root cause analysis?

a) Implementing corrective actions b) Defining the problem

c) Gathering data and evidence d) Brainstorming potential causes

106
 3D Printing Consultant

4. What does the “5 Whys” technique aim to achieve in root cause analysis?

a) To determine five possible solutions

b) To break down a problem into smaller parts
c) To ask “Why?” multiple times to uncover the root cause
d) To categorize causes into five main areas

5. In the context of root cause analysis, what does “RCA” stand for?

a) Root Cause Analysis

b) Risk Cause Assessment
c) Root Correction Assessment

B. True/False
1. Root cause analysis (RCA) is a systematic process for identifying the
underlying causes of a problem or defect.
2. The primary goal of RCA is to blame individuals for the occurrence of the problem.
3. RCA involves identifying both immediate causes and contributing factors
to ensure a comprehensive understanding of the problem.
4. Effective RCA can lead to the development of long-term corrective
actions that prevent recurrence of the issue.
5. Root cause analysis (RCA) is used to identify the primary reason for a problem or issue.

C. Fill in the blanks:

1. The process of creating a 2D representation of a three-dimensional object is known as ................
.........................
2. Common tools used in 2D CAD software to create lines, circles, and arcs include the ....................
..................... , ......................................... , and ......................................... tools.
3. The ......................................... command is used to create multiple copies of an object at specified
intervals in a 2D CAD drawing.
4. The ......................................... tool in 2D CAD software allows you to check the distance between
two points in the drawing.
5. The process of scaling an object in a 2D CAD drawing involves changing its size by a specified ......
................................... factor.

107
Participant Handbook

Notes

Scan the QR code or click on the link to watch related videos

https://youtu.be/C1rZoUJN6uw?si=I4uZhssubvThLBLJ

About GTM(Go to Market) Strategy

108
 3D Printing Consultant

Notes

109
Participant Handbook

110
5. S trategies to build
innovative
products/solutions
and ways to
leverage new-age
technologies
Unit 5.1 - Technological innovation & Continuous improvement

SSC/N8903
Participant Handbook

Key Learning Outcomes

At the end of the module, the participant will be able to:
1. Explain the latest trends to understand technology advancement
2. Discuss the Integration aspect under emerging technologies
3. Explain Industry specific standards, certifications and compliances
4. Discuss the Quality control techniques and procedure for the industry in 3D printing
5. Discuss Identify compliance standards for hazardous/non-hazardous materials
6. List the ways to Implement compliance standards to meet the industry
7. Define Organization standards and guidelines

112
 3D Printing Consultant

Unit 5.1 - T echnological innovation & Continuous

improvement

Unit Objectives
At the end of the module, the participant will be able to:
1. Explain the latest trends to understand technology advancement
2. Discuss the Integration aspect under emerging technologies
3. Explain Industry specific standards, certifications and compliances
4. Discuss the Quality control techniques and procedure for the industry in 3D printing
5. Discuss Identify compliance standards for hazardous/non-hazardous materials
6. List the ways to Implement compliance standards to meet the industry
7. Define Organization standards and guidelines

5.1.1 Trends to understand technology

advancement across industries
Understanding the latest trends in technology advancements across industries involves recognizing key
areas of innovation and how they are reshaping various sectors. Here are some of the most
notable trends:

1. Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML):

Fig. 5.1.1 Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML)

AI and ML are being increasingly integrated into various applications, from customer service
chatbots to predictive maintenance in manufacturing. These technologies enable better decision-
making, automation, and enhanced user experiences.

113
Participant Handbook

2. Internet of Things (IoT):

Fig. 5.1.2 Internet of Things (IoT)

IoT continues to grow, connecting more devices and enabling smarter homes, cities, and industries.
Advancements in low-power devices, edge computing, and improved connectivity (such as 5G)
are driving this trend.

3. 5G Technology:

Fig. 5.1.3 5G Technology

The rollout of 5G networks is significantly impacting industries by providing faster, more reliable
internet connections. This enables innovations in autonomous vehicles, remote surgery, and real-
time data analytics.

4. Blockchain:

Fig. 5.1.4 Blockchain

114
 3D Printing Consultant

Beyond cryptocurrencies, blockchain is being used for secure and transparent supply chain
management, digital identity verification, and smart contracts in various sectors.

5. Cybersecurity:

Fig. 5.1.5 Cybersecurity

As cyber threats become more sophisticated, advancements in cybersecurity technologies,

including AI-driven threat detection and zero-trust architectures, are critical to protecting
sensitive data and infrastructure.

6. Cloud Computing and Edge Computing:

Fig. 5.1.6 Cloud Computing and Edge Computing

Cloud computing continues to evolve with hybrid and multi-cloud strategies becoming more
prevalent. Edge computing, which processes data closer to where it is generated, is gaining
traction for applications requiring low latency, such as autonomous vehicles and IoT.

7. Robotics and Automation:

Fig. 5.1.7 Robotics and Automation

115
Participant Handbook

Robotics and automation are transforming manufacturing, logistics, and even healthcare.
Advances in AI and sensor technology are enabling robots to perform complex tasks with greater
precision and autonomy.

8. Sustainable and Green Technologies:

Fig. 5.1.8 Sustainable and Green Technologies

There is a growing focus on sustainability, with advancements in renewable energy technologies,

energy-efficient systems, and sustainable materials. Industries are adopting green technologies
to reduce their environmental footprint.

9. 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing:

Fig. 5.1.9 3D Printing and Additive Manufacturing

3D printing is becoming more sophisticated, with applications ranging from prototyping to

producing complex, end-use parts in aerospace, healthcare, and automotive industries.

These trends indicate a move towards greater connectivity, automation, and intelligent systems,
significantly impacting how industries operate and deliver value. Keeping abreast of these trends can
help businesses and professionals stay competitive and leverage new opportunities for growth
and innovation.

116
 3D Printing Consultant

5.1.1.1 Analyze user trends to modify the

existing solutions to meet market demand
To modify existing solutions to meet market demand effectively, it’s essential to analyze user trends
comprehensively. Here are steps and considerations you might find useful:
• Data Collection: Gather data on user behaviours, preferences, and pain points. This can be done
through analytics tools, surveys, feedback forms, and direct interactions with users.
• Identify Key Trends: Look for patterns in user data to identify emerging trends. This could include
shifts in preferences, technological advancements, or changes in consumer expectations.
• Market Research: Conduct market research to understand competitors’ offerings and market
gaps. This helps in identifying opportunities where your solutions can stand out or fill a niche.
• Feedback Analysis: Analyze customer feedback and reviews to pinpoint areas where existing
solutions may fall short or excel. Look for recurring themes or specific feature requests.
• Technology Adoption: Stay updated on technological advancements relevant to your solutions.
Assess how incorporating new technologies (like AI, IoT, etc.) can enhance functionality or
appeal to users.
• User Experience (UX) Design: Use UX principles to refine user interfaces and interactions based
on observed behaviours and preferences. Aim for intuitive design that enhances usability
and satisfaction.
• Testing and Validation: Test modifications rigorously before full deployment to ensure they meet
user expectations and maintain quality standards.
• Cross-functional Collaboration: Involve stakeholders from different departments (sales,
marketing, customer support, etc.) to gain diverse perspectives and ensure alignment
with market needs.
• Continuous Monitoring: Establish mechanisms for ongoing monitoring and evaluation of modified
solutions post-launch. This helps in identifying further optimization opportunities and responding
to evolving trends.

By systematically analysing user trends and integrating insights into your development process, you can
effectively modify existing solutions to better meet current market demands and stay competitive.

117
Participant Handbook

5.1.1.2 Conduct competitor’s analysis to

understand various products in the market
To conduct a competitor analysis in the field of 3D printing consultancy, you can follow these steps:

1. Identify Competitors: Start by identifying key players in the 3D printing consultancy market.
These could be companies offering consulting services specifically focused on 3D printing technology.
2. Gather Information: Collect information on each competitor. This includes:
‰ Services Offered: What specific consulting services do they offer? This could include design
optimization, material selection, process improvement, etc.
‰ Client Focus: Identify their target industries or client profiles. Some consultants may specialize
in healthcare, automotive, aerospace, etc.
‰ Expertise: Look into the expertise of their team. Are they known for specific technological
advancements or innovations in 3D printing?
‰ Case Studies: Analyze any case studies or success stories they showcase. This can give insights
into their capabilities and results.

3. Market Positioning: Understand how each competitor positions themselves in the market. This
includes pricing strategies, unique selling propositions (USPs), and their overall market reputation.
4. Technology and Tools: Assess the technology and tools they use in their consultancy services. Are
they leveraging cutting-edge software for simulations, design, or analytics?
5. Customer Feedback: Look for customer reviews and testimonials. Understand what clients
appreciate about their services and any recurring criticisms.
6. Partnerships and Collaborations: Check if they have partnerships with 3D printer manufacturers,
software providers, or research institutions. This can indicate their standing in the industry and
potential access to advanced resources.
7. Online Presence and Marketing: Evaluate their online presence. This includes their website,
social media channels, and any thought leadership content they publish. It can give insights into
their branding and marketing strategies.
8. SWOT Analysis: Perform a SWOT (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) analysis for
each competitor based on the information gathered. This will help you understand their
competitive position and potential areas for differentiation.
9. Industry Trends: Stay updated on current trends in 3D printing consultancy. This includes
advancements in materials, software tools, regulatory changes, and emerging applications.
10. Comparison and Insights: Finally, compile your findings into a comparative analysis. Identify gaps
in the market, areas where competitors excel, and potential opportunities for differentiation in
your own consultancy services.

By conducting a thorough competitor analysis, you can gain valuable insights that will help you position
your 3D printing consultancy effectively in the market and identify opportunities for growth.

118
 3D Printing Consultant

5.1.2 Integration aspect under emerging technologies

3D printing, or additive manufacturing (AM), is a disruptive innovation which will have a far- reaching
impact on global supply chains and operations. Supply chain technology has the power to help companies
significantly reduce costs, overcome geopolitical risks & tariffs, improve customer service, reduce the
carbon footprint and drive innovation for competitive advantage. Whether you believe the technology
will revolutionize the production and supply chain process or merely enhance it.

Few ways of 3D printing consultant to impact on Supply chain:

• Deconcentrated production
• Drive product customization
• Reduce complexity and improve time-to-market (TTM)
• Improve mechanically efficiency
• Rationalize inventory and strategy

Impacts in terms of Productivity, quality and scalability in 3D printing

The impacts of 3D printing on productivity, quality, and scalability can vary based on the application and
the specific processes involved. Here’s a breakdown of these impacts:

Productivity:
• Pros: 3D printing can significantly reduce production times for complex parts compared to
traditional manufacturing methods. It allows for rapid prototyping and quick iteration cycles,
which can speed up product development.
• Cons: Depending on the size and complexity of the parts, 3D printing can sometimes be slower
than traditional methods. Production speed is also influenced by factors like printer speed,
material type, and part size.

Quality:
• Pros: 3D printing enables high precision and customization capabilities, allowing for intricate
designs and complex geometries that may be difficult or impossible with traditional methods. It
can produce parts with minimal material waste.
• Cons: The quality of 3D printed parts can vary based on factors such as layer resolution, material
properties, and printer calibration. Surface finish and mechanical properties might not always
match those of traditionally manufactured parts.

Scalability:
• Pros: 3D printing offers scalability advantages in terms of producing small batches or even single
customized items cost-effectively. It allows for on-demand production and
decentralized manufacturing.
• Cons: Scaling 3D printing for mass production can be challenging due to limitations in speed and
production volume. Large-scale deployment may require multiple printers and efficient
workflow management.

119
Participant Handbook

Resources by the adoption of 3D printing consultant

• 3D Printing Expertise: Consultants bring specialized knowledge in 3D printing technologies,
materials, processes, and applications.
• Technology and Equipment: Access to 3D printers, scanners, and associated software necessary
for design, simulation, and production.
• Material Selection: Knowledge of different 3D printing materials and their suitability for
specific applications.
• Design and CAD Skills: Proficiency in computer-aided design (CAD) software for creating and
optimizing 3D models.
• Process Optimization: Ability to optimize 3D printing processes for efficiency, cost-
effectiveness, and quality.
• Quality Control and Assurance: Implementing quality control measures to ensure consistency
and reliability of printed parts.
• Post-Processing Techniques: Knowledge of post-processing techniques such as surface finishing,
painting, and assembly.
• Cost Analysis and ROI: Conducting cost analysis and assessing return on investment (ROI) for 3D
printing projects.
• Market Research: Conducting market research to identify opportunities for 3D printing within
specific industries or applications.

5.1.2.1 Analyze the scope of integration of 3D printing

Integrating 3D printing with emerging technologies like Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning
(ML), and the Internet of Things (IoT) opens up a plethora of innovative opportunities and applications
across various industries. Here’s an analysis of the scope and potential impact of such integration:

1. Enhanced Design and Prototyping

Fig. 5.1.10 Design and Prototyping

120
 3D Printing Consultant

AI and ML:
• Generative Design: AI algorithms can automatically generate optimized design options based
on specified parameters and constraints. This can lead to more efficient, lightweight, and
innovative designs that might not be achievable through traditional design methods.
• Design Validation: ML models can predict the performance of designs under different
conditions, reducing the need for multiple physical prototypes and iterations.

IoT:
• Feedback Loop: IoT-enabled devices can provide real-time data on the performance of
prototypes in actual use conditions, allowing for continuous improvement and
refinement of designs.

2. Smart Manufacturing

Fig. 5.1.11 Smart Manufacturing

AI and ML:
• Predictive Maintenance: AI can predict when 3D printers and related machinery will need
maintenance, reducing downtime and improving overall efficiency.
• Quality Control: ML algorithms can analyze data from 3D printers to detect defects or
anomalies in real-time, ensuring higher quality outputs.

IoT:
• Connected Devices: IoT can enable a network of connected 3D printers, allowing for remote
monitoring, control, and optimization of the printing process. This can lead to more efficient
and flexible manufacturing setups.

121
Participant Handbook

3. Customization and Personalization

Fig. 5.1.12 Customization and Personalization

AI and ML:
• Personalized Products: AI can analyze user data to design customized products tailored to
individual preferences and needs. This is particularly useful in industries like healthcare
(custom prosthetics) and fashion (custom-fit clothing).
• Adaptive Manufacturing: ML models can adapt production parameters on-the-fly to cater to
individual specifications, improving customer satisfaction.

IoT:
• User Data Integration: IoT devices can gather data from users, feeding it back into the design
and manufacturing process to create products that better meet user needs and preferences.

4. Supply Chain Optimization

Fig. 5.1.13 Supply Chain Optimization

AI and ML:
• Demand Forecasting: AI can predict demand for 3D printed products, optimizing inventory
levels and reducing waste.

122
 3D Printing Consultant

• Supply Chain Analytics: ML can analyze supply chain data to identify inefficiencies and suggest
improvements, enhancing the overall supply chain performance.

IoT:
• Real-Time Tracking: IoT can provide real-time tracking of materials and finished products,
improving logistics and reducing delays.
• Automated Reordering: IoT sensors can monitor material levels and automatically reorder
supplies when needed, ensuring a smooth production process.

5. Healthcare and Bioprinting

Fig. 5.1.14 Healthcare and Bioprinting

AI and ML:
• Precision Medicine: AI can analyze patient data to create highly personalized medical devices
and implants through 3D printing.
• Bioprinting: ML can optimize the bioprinting process, improving the viability and functionality
of printed tissues and organs.

IoT:
• Patient Monitoring: IoT devices can continuously monitor patients, providing data that can
be used to customize and optimize medical treatments and devices.

6. Education and Training

Fig. 5.1.15 Education and Training

123
Participant Handbook

AI and ML:
• Virtual Tutors: AI-powered virtual tutors can assist in teaching 3D printing techniques and
best practices, providing personalized learning experiences.
• Skill Assessment: ML can assess students’ progress and provide targeted feedback, improving
the learning process.

IoT:
• Interactive Learning: IoT-enabled devices can create interactive learning environments where
students can remotely access and control 3D printers, enhancing hands-on learning experiences.

7. Challenges and Considerations

Fig. 5.1.16 Challenges and Considerations

• Data Security: Integrating IoT with 3D printing raises concerns about data security and privacy,
especially when dealing with sensitive design and user data.
• Interoperability: Ensuring seamless integration between 3D printing systems, AI/ML algorithms,
and IoT devices can be challenging due to different standards and protocols.
• Skills and Training: There is a need for skilled professionals who understand both 3D printing and
emerging technologies to fully leverage their integration.
• Cost: Initial investments in AI, ML, and IoT technologies can be high, although the long-term
benefits often justify the expense.

Integrating 3D printing with AI, ML, and IoT holds immense potential to revolutionize industries, enhance
product innovation, improve manufacturing efficiency, and create highly personalized and sustainable
solutions. By addressing the challenges and leveraging the strengths of these technologies, businesses
can unlock new levels of productivity and innovation.

124
 3D Printing Consultant

5.1.2.1.1 Identify market gaps to tap into

unreserved market
Identifying market gaps in the 3D printing consulting space can be strategic for tapping into untapped
opportunities. Here are some potential areas to consider:

1. Customized Training and Workshops: Offer specialized training programs tailored to different
industries (e.g., healthcare, aerospace) that are looking to adopt 3D printing but lack in-
house expertise.
2. Materials Research and Development: Focus on developing or advising on advanced materials
suitable for specific applications (e.g., biocompatible materials for medical devices).
3. Regulatory Compliance and Certification: Help businesses navigate regulatory requirements and
obtain certifications necessary for using 3D printed parts in regulated industries.
4. Integration with Traditional Manufacturing: Assist manufacturers in integrating 3D printing into
their existing production processes to optimize efficiency and reduce costs.
5. Prototyping and Rapid Iteration Services: Provide rapid prototyping services with a focus on
quick turnaround times and iterative design improvements.
6. Supply Chain Optimization: Develop strategies to leverage 3D printing for on-demand
manufacturing, reducing inventory costs and lead times.
7. Sustainability and Circular Economy: Offer solutions that promote sustainability, such as using
recycled materials or designing products with minimal waste.
8. Post-Processing and Finishing: Develop techniques or technologies for improving the surface
finish and mechanical properties of 3D printed parts.
9. Consulting for Emerging Markets: Focus on educating and consulting with businesses in emerging
markets where 3D printing adoption is still in its early stages.

By focusing on these areas, you can identify gaps where there’s a demand for specialized knowledge and
services in the 3D printing industry, allowing you to tap into previously unexplored market segments.

125
Participant Handbook

5.1.2.2 Use cases of 3D Printing

integration with emerging technologies
Integrating 3D printing with emerging technologies can unlock a range of innovative applications across
various industries. Here are some compelling use cases:

1. Medical Field: Integration with bioprinting and regenerative medicine can enable the printing of
tissues, organs, and prosthetics customized to individual patients. It can also facilitate the creation
of medical models for surgical planning and training.
2. Automotive Industry: Use in the manufacturing process for rapid prototyping of parts,
customization of components, and even the production of entire vehicles. Integration with IoT
sensors can enable smart parts that can self-diagnose and report issues.
3. Aerospace and Defence: For creating lightweight, complex parts, reducing material waste, and
enhancing performance. Integration with AI can optimize designs for weight reduction
and performance.
4. Construction: 3D printing can be integrated with robotics for on-site construction of buildings,
bridges, and other structures, reducing construction time and costs.
5. Fashion and Wearables: Customized clothing, shoes, and accessories can be produced using 3D
printing, with integration with IoT for smart wearables.
6. Education: Enhancing STEM education with 3D printing by creating models for better understanding
complex concepts, history artifacts, or biological structures.
7. Food Industry: Creation of personalized, nutritious foods, and confectionaries using 3D printing
with edible materials, catering to individual dietary needs.
8. Art and Design: Artists and designers can use 3D printing to create intricate sculptures, jewelry,
and other artistic creations that would be difficult or impossible to make using traditional methods.
9. Supply Chain: Integration with blockchain technology for tracking the origin of materials and
ensuring the authenticity of products.
10. Environmental Conservation: Creating biodegradable materials and products, reducing waste,
and promoting sustainable practices.

These are just a few examples of how integrating 3D printing with emerging technologies can revolutionize
various industries and create new possibilities for innovation and customization.

126
 3D Printing Consultant

5.1.2.3 Align cross-functional team with Research

team to develop innovative product/solutions
A cross-functional team typically refers to a group of individuals with diverse skills and expertise working
together on various aspects of the 3D printing process or project. These teams are essential because 3D
printing involves multiple disciplines, including design, materials science, software development,
engineering, quality assurance, and sometimes even marketing or customer support.
Steps to Development and innovate products with research team
• Clearly define the problem or opportunity that your product innovation aims to address.
• Understand the market landscape, including customer needs, competitors, and trends.
• Identify potential opportunities and gaps in the market that your product can fulfill.
• Assign roles and responsibilities within the research team.
• Collect input from stakeholders, including end-users, sales teams, and marketing.
• Define technical and functional requirements for the product.
• Create initial prototypes or mockups based on the brainstormed ideas.
• Develop detailed design specifications based on the validated prototype.
• Track product performance post-launch, including sales, customer feedback, and any issues.
• Document the entire development process, including successes, challenges, and lessons learned.

5.1.2.4 Identify innovative ways of re-using already

existing processes or solutions
Re-using existing processes or solutions can be highly efficient and can lead to innovative outcomes.
Here are some approaches to consider:
• Process Modularity: Break down existing processes into modular components that can be
recombined or adapted for different purposes. This allows for flexibility and scalability without
reinventing the wheel each time.
• Cross-Functional Integration: Integrate processes from different departments or functions to
create new workflows or improve existing ones. For example, integrating sales data directly into
production planning to optimize inventory management.
• Automation and AI Integration: Use automation tools or AI to streamline and enhance existing
processes. This can include automating repetitive tasks, improving data analytics capabilities, or
implementing AI-driven insights for decision-making.
• Lean Methodology: Apply lean principles such as continuous improvement and waste reduction
to refine existing processes. This approach focuses on eliminating non-value-added activities and
optimizing resource utilization.

127
Participant Handbook

• Digital Transformation: Digitize manual or paper-based processes to improve efficiency and

accessibility. This could involve implementing digital workflows, cloud-based collaboration tools,
or IoT devices for real-time monitoring and control.

By creatively reusing existing processes or solutions, organizations can not only achieve efficiencies but
also drive innovation and adaptability in a rapidly changing environment.

5.1.2.5 Employ forward and reverse traceability

techniques to check the progress of development
Forward and reverse traceability are essential techniques in software and product development to
ensure that requirements are met and maintained throughout the lifecycle. Here’s how you can employ
these techniques effectively:
Forward Traceability:
• Forward traceability ensures that each requirement documented in the early stages of
development is appropriately tracked through to its implementation and testing phases.
• Begin by documenting all requirements clearly at the start of the project. These can include
functional, non-functional, and performance requirements.
• Trace each requirement forward to its corresponding design elements and implementation tasks.
This mapping ensures that every design decision and coding effort aligns with specific requirements.
• Ensure that each requirement is tested thoroughly during various testing phases (unit testing,
integration testing, system testing). This step ensures that the implemented functionality meets
the specified requirements.
• Utilize traceability management tools or features within project management software to
maintain clear links between requirements, designs, and tests.

Reverse Traceability:
Reverse traceability ensures that all design elements and implemented components can be traced back
to the original requirements they were intended to fulfill.
• Start by identifying each implemented component or feature and trace it back to the specific
requirements that it was designed to address.
• Use reverse traceability to identify any gaps or discrepancies where requirements may not have
been fully implemented or where additional features were added without
corresponding requirements.
• Ensure that all implemented features and components comply with the documented requirements.
This validation helps in confirming that the product meets the intended functionality.
• As you perform reverse traceability, update documentation and traceability matrices to reflect
any changes or additions made during the development process.

128
 3D Printing Consultant

By employing both forward and reverse traceability techniques, you can effectively monitor and ensure
the progress of development and integration of products or solutions, thereby enhancing transparency
and reducing the risk of requirements drift or oversight.

5.1.2.6 Collaborate with cross-functional teams to understand the

ease of adding/removing additional features in the 3dp solutions
Collaborating with cross-functional teams to assess the feasibility of adding or removing features in 3D
printing solutions involves several key steps:
• Engage with stakeholders from different departments such as R&D, engineering, design,
production, and quality assurance. Each department may have unique insights into the impact of
adding or removing features.
• Collect detailed requirements from each stakeholder regarding the proposed features. Understand
the technical specifications, user needs, and any regulatory or compliance requirements
that must be met.
• Work closely with the engineering team to assess the technical feasibility of implementing the
proposed changes. Evaluate factors such as hardware compatibility, software modifications, and
potential impact on existing workflows.
• Conduct a comprehensive analysis of the impact of adding or removing features. Consider aspects
like cost implications, time-to-market, production scalability, and the effect on product
performance and reliability.
• Develop prototypes or mock-ups to test the new features in a controlled environment. Collaborate
with testing teams to perform rigorous testing and validation to ensure that the changes meet
quality standards and user expectations.
• Incorporate feedback from cross-functional teams throughout the development process.
Regularly communicate updates and gather input to refine the features and address any concerns
or issues that arise.

By following these steps, you can effectively collaborate with cross-functional teams to evaluate,
implement, and refine the addition or removal of features in 3D printing solutions, ensuring alignment
with business objectives and stakeholder requirements.

129
Participant Handbook

5.1.3 Industry specific standards,

certifications and compliances
Industry-specific standards, certifications, and compliances are crucial for ensuring that products,
services, and processes meet certain quality, safety, and regulatory requirements. These standards are
developed and maintained by industry bodies, governments, or international organizations to establish
best practices and ensure consistency and reliability across the industry. Here’s a brief explanation of each:

Fig. 5.1.17 Compliance

1. Standards: Industry standards are guidelines or criteria that products, processes, and services
must meet to ensure quality, safety, and efficiency. These standards are voluntary in many cases
but can also be mandatory if adopted into regulations. For example, ISO 9001 sets out the criteria
for a quality management system and is used by organizations to demonstrate their ability to
consistently provide products and services that meet customer and regulatory requirements.
2. Certifications: Certifications are official documents or credentials that attest to the compliance of
a product, service, or process with specific standards or requirements. Organizations often seek
certification to demonstrate their commitment to quality, safety, and environmental responsibility.
For example, the CE mark certifies that a product has met EU consumer safety, health, or
environmental requirements.
3. Compliances: Compliances refer to adhering to laws, regulations, and standards relevant to a
particular industry. Compliance ensures that businesses operate ethically, legally, and safely. For
example, in the healthcare industry, compliance with HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and
Accountability Act) ensures the protection of patient health information.

Overall, industry-specific standards, certifications, and compliances play a crucial role in ensuring the
quality, safety, and reliability of products, services, and processes, while also promoting innovation and
competitiveness within industries.

130
 3D Printing Consultant

5.1.3.1 Identify organizational risk exposure

Organizational risk exposure refers to the extent to which an organization is vulnerable to potential risks
that could impact its operations, finances, reputation, or strategic objectives. It encompasses various
factors that could lead to negative outcomes or losses if not managed effectively.
In 3D printing (3DP), like any manufacturing process, there are several organizational risk
exposures are as below:
• Intellectual Property (IP) Risks: There’s a risk of intellectual property theft or infringement,
especially when dealing with designs and proprietary information. Protecting designs and
ensuring proper licensing agreements are in place is crucial.
• Quality Control Issues: Ensuring consistent quality and reliability of printed parts can be
challenging. Variations in material properties, machine calibration, and printing conditions can
affect the final product’s quality.
• Cybersecurity Concerns: With the integration of digital systems and connectivity in 3D printing
setups, cybersecurity risks such as data breaches, hacking, and malware attacks become significant.
• Supply Chain Risks: Dependencies on raw material suppliers, equipment manufacturers, and
software providers can lead to disruptions if these partners face issues with supply, quality, or
operational continuity.
• Regulatory Compliance: Compliance with regulatory standards and certifications (e.g., FDA for
medical devices, aviation standards for aerospace parts) is essential but can be complex due to
evolving regulations specific to additive manufacturing.
• Environmental Impact: Waste management and environmental concerns related to materials
used in 3D printing, such as disposal of unused materials and emissions during printing, need to
be managed responsibly.
• Operational Interruptions: Any technical failures in 3D printers, software glitches, or breakdowns
can halt production and impact delivery schedules.

5.1.3.2 Ensure the security of the digital file

formats from corruption and leakage
To ensure the security of digital file formats from corruption and leakage, consider implementing these
best practices:
• Encryption: Encrypt sensitive files both at rest (stored data) and in transit (while being transferred).
Use strong encryption algorithms (e.g., AES-256) to protect the contents of the files from
unauthorized access.
• Access Control: Implement strict access control mechanisms. Ensure that only authorized
personnel have access to sensitive files. Use role-based access control (RBAC) and regularly review
access permissions.

131
Participant Handbook

• Authentication: Use strong authentication methods, such as multi-factor authentication (MFA),

to verify the identity of users accessing sensitive files. This helps prevent unauthorized access
even if credentials are compromised.
• Regular Backups: Maintain regular backups of critical files. Ensure these backups are encrypted
and stored securely. This practice helps in recovering files in case of corruption or loss due to
unforeseen circumstances.
• File Integrity Checks: Implement mechanisms to verify the integrity of files periodically. This can
include checksums or digital signatures to detect any unauthorized changes or corruption.
• Secure Transfer Protocols: Use secure transfer protocols like HTTPS, SFTP, or FTPS for transmitting
sensitive files. Avoid using unencrypted protocols like FTP or HTTP, which can expose files
to interception.
• Data Loss Prevention (DLP): Deploy DLP solutions to monitor and prevent unauthorized transfers
or leaks of sensitive data. These systems can detect and block attempts to exfiltrate data outside
authorized channels.
• User Awareness: Educate users about best practices for handling sensitive files, such as avoiding
opening suspicious attachments or links, and using strong passwords for file access.
• File Format Considerations: Use secure file formats that support encryption and other security
features natively. Avoid using outdated or insecure file formats that may lack robust
security measures.
• Security Monitoring and Logging: Implement logging and monitoring mechanisms to track access
and usage of sensitive files. This helps in detecting suspicious activities and responding promptly
to security incidents.

5.1.3.3 Implement checks and balances to

eliminate/reduce operational risks
Implementing checks and balances to eliminate or reduce operational risks involves several key steps
and practices. Here are some effective strategies:
• Risk Assessment and Identification: Regularly assess and identify potential risks across all
operational areas. This can include conducting thorough audits, inspections, and risk assessments
to pinpoint vulnerabilities.
• Establish Clear Policies and Procedures: Develop and document clear policies, procedures, and
guidelines for each operational process. Ensure these are communicated effectively to all
employees and stakeholders.
• Segregation of Duties: Implement a system where responsibilities are divided among different
individuals to prevent any single person from having complete control over a process. This reduces
the risk of errors or fraudulent activities going unnoticed.

132
 3D Printing Consultant

• Regular Monitoring and Reporting: Establish mechanisms for ongoing monitoring and reporting
of operational activities. This can include real-time monitoring systems, regular performance
reports, and anomaly detection mechanisms.
• Training and Awareness: Provide comprehensive training to employees on operational risks,
compliance requirements, and best practices. Foster a culture where employees are aware of
their roles in risk management and are encouraged to report potential issues.
• Implement Controls and Safeguards: Introduce controls and safeguards tailored to specific risks
identified during the assessment phase. This could involve physical security measures, IT security
protocols, or operational controls to mitigate identified risks.
• Internal and External Audits: Conduct regular internal audits to evaluate the effectiveness of
existing controls and identify areas for improvement. Consider engaging external auditors
periodically to provide an independent assessment.
• Emergency Response and Business Continuity Plans: Develop and maintain robust emergency
response plans and business continuity strategies. These should outline procedures for managing
crises and ensuring minimal disruption to operations.
• Compliance and Regulatory Alignment: Ensure that all operational practices align with industry
regulations, standards, and legal requirements. Stay updated on changes in regulations that could
impact operational risks.

By implementing these checks and balances systematically, organizations can effectively reduce
operational risks and enhance overall resilience to potential threats.

133
Participant Handbook

5.1.4 Quality control techniques and

procedure for the industry in 3D printing
Quality control in 3D printing is essential to ensure that printed parts meet the required specifications
and standards. Here are some common techniques and procedures applicable to the industry:

1. Material Quality Control:

Fig. 5.1.18 Material Quality Control

• Raw material inspection: Before printing, it’s crucial to inspect the quality of the raw materials
such as filaments (plastics, metals, ceramics, etc.) or resins. This includes checking for
impurities, proper diameter or viscosity, and consistency.
• Material testing: Conduct material testing to ensure that the properties of the materials, such
as strength, flexibility, and durability, meet the required standards. This can involve tensile
testing, impact testing, and other material characterization techniques.

2. Machine Calibration and Maintenance:

Fig. 5.1.19 Machine Calibration and Maintenance

• Regular calibration: Calibration of 3D printers is necessary to ensure accuracy and consistency

in printing. This includes calibrating the build plate, nozzle temperature, extrusion rate, and
other parameters.
• Maintenance schedule: Establish a routine maintenance schedule for 3D printers to prevent
issues related to wear and tear. This includes cleaning, lubrication, and replacement of
worn-out parts.

134
 3D Printing Consultant

3. Process Monitoring:

Fig. 5.1.21 Process Monitoring

• In-process monitoring: Implement monitoring systems to track the printing process in real-
time. This can include monitoring parameters such as temperature, speed, layer thickness,
and filament consumption to detect any deviations from the desired settings.
• Quality assurance software: Utilize software tools that analyze design files and simulate the
printing process to identify potential issues before printing begins. This helps in optimizing
printing parameters and ensuring the quality of the final product.

4. Post-Processing Inspection:

Fig. 5.1.22 Post-Processing Inspection

• Visual inspection: Inspect the printed parts visually for surface defects, dimensional accuracy,
and overall quality. This can be done manually or with the help of automated vision systems.
• Dimensional measurement: Use precise measurement tools such as calipers, micrometers,
or coordinate measuring machines (CMM) to verify the dimensional accuracy of printed parts
against the design specifications.

135
Participant Handbook

• Non-destructive testing (NDT): Employ NDT techniques such as X-ray or CT scanning to detect
internal defects or anomalies that may not be visible through visual inspection.

5. Quality Management System (QMS):

Fig. 5.1.23 Quality Management System (QMS)

• Documented procedures: Establish documented procedures for quality control throughout

the 3D printing process, including material handling, machine setup, printing, post-processing,
and inspection.
• Quality records: Maintain records of all quality-related activities, including inspection reports,
calibration records, material certifications, and process parameters.
• Continuous improvement: Implement a system for collecting feedback, analyzing quality
data, and identifying areas for improvement to enhance the overall quality management system.

By implementing these quality control techniques and procedures, 3D printing companies can ensure
consistent and reliable production of high-quality parts for various industries.

5.1.5 Identify compliance standards for

hazardous/non-hazardous materials
Identifying compliance standards for hazardous and non-hazardous materials involves understanding
the regulations and guidelines set by various organizations and regulatory bodies. Here are some key
compliance standards and regulations for managing hazardous and non-hazardous materials:

136
 3D Printing Consultant

Hazardous Materials
1. OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) Standards:

Fig. 5.1.24 OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health

Administration) Standards
• Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) - 29 CFR 1910.1200: Requires chemical manufacturers
and importers to evaluate the hazards of the chemicals they produce or import and provide
information about them through labels and safety data sheets (SDSs).
• Process Safety Management (PSM) - 29 CFR 1910.119: Focuses on preventing releases of any
substance defined as a “highly hazardous chemical” by the standard.

2. EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) Regulations:

Fig. 5.1.25 EPA (Environmental Protection Agency)

Regulations

• Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA): Governs the disposal of solid and
hazardous waste.
• Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA): Also
known as Superfund, it governs the cleanup of hazardous waste sites.

137
Participant Handbook

• Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-Know Act (EPCRA): Requires reporting of

hazardous and toxic chemicals.

3. DOT (Department of Transportation) Regulations:

Fig. 5.1.27 DOT (Department of Transportation) Regulations

• Hazardous Materials Regulations (HMR) - 49 CFR Parts 100-185: Regulates the transportation
of hazardous materials.

International Maritime Dangerous Goods (IMDG) Code: Governs the transportation of

dangerous goods by sea.
Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labelling of Chemicals (GHS): Provides a standard for
the classification and labelling of chemicals internationally.

Non-Hazardous Materials
1. OSHA General Industry Standards:
• 29 CFR 1910: Covers a wide range of workplace safety and health standards, including those
related to non-hazardous materials handling and storage.

2. EPA Non-Hazardous Waste Regulations:

• Subtitle D of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA): Covers non-hazardous
solid waste management and disposal.

3. DOT Regulations:
• 49 CFR Parts 100-185: While primarily for hazardous materials, some sections also address
non-hazardous materials transportation requirements.

General Compliance Standards

1. ISO Standards:

138
 3D Printing Consultant

• ISO 14001: Environmental management systems standard that can apply to both hazardous
and non-hazardous materials.
• ISO 45001: Occupational health and safety management systems standard.

2. ANSI (American National Standards Institute) Standards:

• Various ANSI standards cover safety and health practices, including those for materials handling.

3. NFPA (National Fire Protection Association) Standards:

• NFPA 400: Hazardous Materials Code.
• NFPA 30: Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code, which can also apply to non-
hazardous materials.

Industry-Specific Standards
Different industries may have specific standards and guidelines. For example:
• Pharmaceuticals: Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP).
• Food Industry: Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA) and Hazard Analysis Critical Control
Points (HACCP).

5.1.6 Implement compliance standards to meet the

industry best practices, regulations, and benchmarks
Implementing compliance standards to meet industry best practices, regulations, and benchmarks
involves several key steps:

1. Research and Understand Requirements: Begin by thoroughly researching the relevant industry
best practices, regulations, and benchmarks applicable to your organization. This might include
legal requirements, industry standards, and any specific guidelines relevant to your sector.
2. Gap Analysis: Conduct a comprehensive gap analysis to assess your current practices against the
identified standards and regulations. This will help identify areas where your organization is
compliant and areas that require improvement.
3. Develop Compliance Policies and Procedures: Based on the findings from the gap analysis,
develop detailed compliance policies and procedures tailored to your organization’s needs. These
policies should outline specific actions to be taken to ensure compliance with each
standard or regulation.
4. Assign Responsibility: Clearly define roles and responsibilities for compliance within your
organization. Designate individuals or teams responsible for ensuring that the compliance policies
and procedures are implemented effectively.

139
Participant Handbook

5. Training and Awareness: Provide training to employees to ensure they understand their roles and
responsibilities regarding compliance. This includes training on relevant regulations, best
practices, and procedures.
6. Implement Controls: Implement controls and measures to monitor and enforce compliance with
the established standards and regulations. This may include automated systems, regular audits,
and ongoing monitoring of compliance metrics.
7. Continuous Monitoring and Improvement: Compliance is an ongoing process. Establish
mechanisms for continuous monitoring of compliance efforts and performance. Regularly review
and update policies and procedures to reflect changes in regulations or best practices.
8. Documentation and Record-Keeping: Maintain thorough documentation of compliance activities,
including policies, procedures, training records, audit reports, and any corrective actions taken.
Good record-keeping is essential for demonstrating compliance to regulators and stakeholders.
9. Stay Informed and Adapt: Stay informed about developments in regulations, standards, and best
practices relevant to your industry. Continuously adapt your compliance efforts to ensure ongoing
alignment with the latest requirements.

By following these steps, you can establish a robust compliance framework that helps your organization
meet industry best practices, regulations, and benchmarks effectively.

5.1.7 Organization standards and guidelines

Organization-level standards and guidelines are established rules and best practices that are applied
consistently across an organization to ensure quality, efficiency, and compliance with regulations.
These standards and guidelines typically cover various aspects of the organization’s processes, including:

1. Quality Standards: Standards that define the quality expectations for products, services, and
processes. This may include ISO standards, industry-specific quality standards, or internal
quality standards.
2. Process Standards: Standards that define the processes to be followed for various activities
within the organization. This may include procedures for project management, software
development, or manufacturing processes.
3. Security Standards: Standards that define the security measures to be implemented to protect
the organization’s assets, data, and information systems. This may include standards for data
encryption, access control, and cybersecurity.
4. Compliance Standards: Standards that define the legal and regulatory requirements that the
organization must comply with. This may include standards related to environmental regulations,
health and safety regulations, or industry-specific regulations.
5. Documentation Standards: Standards that define the format, content, and management of
documentation within the organization. This may include standards for document control, version
control, and documentation review processes.

140
 3D Printing Consultant

6. Training Standards: Standards that define the training requirements for employees within the
organization. This may include standards for onboarding training, job-specific training, and
continuing education.
7. Ethical Standards: Standards that define the ethical principles that employees are expected to
adhere to. This may include standards for honesty, integrity, and respect for others.
8. Communication Standards: Standards that define the communication protocols to be followed
within the organization. This may include standards for email communication, meeting protocols,
and reporting structures.
9. Performance Standards: Standards that define the performance expectations for employees
within the organization. This may include standards for productivity, quality of work, and
customer satisfaction.
10. Continuous Improvement Standards: Standards that define the process for identifying and
implementing improvements within the organization. This may include standards for root cause
analysis, corrective actions, and preventive actions.

By establishing and following organization-level standards and guidelines, an organization can ensure
consistency, efficiency, and compliance across its processes, leading to improved performance and
customer satisfaction.

Exercise
A. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ):
1. What is a key strategy for fostering innovation in 3D printing product development?

a) Minimizing collaboration among team members

b) Focusing solely on traditional manufacturing techniques
c) Encouraging cross-functional teamwork and ideation
d) Avoiding the use of new technologies to reduce risks

2. Which of the following technologies can significantly enhance the 3D printing process by
improving design accuracy and reducing errors?

a) Augmented Reality (AR) b) Virtual Reality (VR)

c) Blockchain d) Artificial Intelligence (AI)

3. Which of the following new-age technologies can be integrated with 3D printing to improve
material properties and product durability?

a) Blockchain b) Virtual Reality (VR)

c) Internet of Things (IoT) d) Nanotechnology

141
Participant Handbook

4. Which new-age technology is often used to improve the precision and accuracy of 3D
printed parts?

a) Virtual Reality (VR) b) Internet of Things (IoT)

c) Blockchain d) Machine Learning (ML)

5. How can user feedback from cross-functional teams help in the process of feature modification
in 3D printing solutions?

a) By identifying colour preferences for 3D printed objects

b) By providing insights into the practical use and improvement areas of the features
c) By reducing the time taken for 3D printing
d) By decreasing the overall cost of 3D printing

B. True/False
1. All hazardous materials must be labelled with the appropriate
hazard symbols and safety data information according to the Globally Harmonized
System (GHS).
2. It is not necessary to conduct regular safety audits and inspections for
the storage and handling of non-hazardous materials.
3. Employees who handle hazardous materials must receive specialized
training on proper handling, storage, and emergency response procedures.
4. Hazardous waste disposal must comply with local, state, and federal regulations,
including obtaining necessary permits and documentation.
5. Non-hazardous materials are exempt from all compliance standards
and do not require any form of documentation or safety measures.

C. Fill in the blanks:

1. Implement ......................................... standards to meet the industry best practices, regulations,
and benchmarks.
2. To meet the industry best practices, regulations, and benchmarks, implement compliance ..........
................................
3. Implement compliance standards to meet the industry ......................................... practices,
regulations, and benchmarks.
4. Implement compliance standards to meet the industry best practices, .........................................,
and benchmarks.
5. Implement compliance standards to meet the industry best practices, regulations, and ...............
...........................

142
 3D Printing Consultant

Notes

Scan the QR code or click on the link to watch related videos

https://youtu.be/bLak-_CnJTg?si=8sJcNJ46esMtw8pf

About Trends to understand technology advancement

143
Participant Handbook

144
6. A
 ssess and Screen
Technology
Vendors, OEM
Partners
Unit 6.1 - Vendor Assessment

SSC/N8904
Participant Handbook

Key Learning Outcomes

At the end of the module, the participant will be able to:
1. Describe the Strategic role of procurement & purchasing in organization
2. Discuss the Process of vendor selection
3. Discuss the Vendor selection and assessment framework
4. Describe the RFP/RFQ process and its components
5. Discuss the Different methods of vendor assessment
6. Explain the Benefits of vendor assessment
7. Discuss the Documentation needed for vendor evaluation and assessment
8. Understand the Various off-the-shelf materials, tools and appropriate equipment for the
development of the product
9. Understand the organizational in-house capability to develop 3D Printing solutions
10. Describe the level of Assistance the vendor’s expertise provide to the in-house R&D
and Design teams

146
 3D Printing Consultant

Unit 6.1 - Vendor Assessment

Unit Objectives
At the end of the module, the participant will be able to:
1. Describe the Strategic role of procurement & purchasing in organization
2. Discuss the Process of vendor selection
3. Discuss the Vendor selection and assessment framework
4. Describe the RFP/RFQ process and its components
5. Discuss the Different methods of vendor assessment
6. Explain the Benefits of vendor assessment
7. Discuss the Documentation needed for vendor evaluation and assessment
8. Understand the Various off-the-shelf materials, tools and appropriate equipment for the
development of the product
9. Understand the organizational in-house capability to develop 3D Printing solutions
10. Describe the level of Assistance the vendor’s expertise provide to the in-house R&D
and Design teams

6.1.1 Strategic role of procurement & purchasing in organization

Procurement and purchasing play a strategic role in organizations by ensuring that the right goods and
services are obtained at the right time, in the right quantity, and at the right price. Here are key aspects
of their strategic role:

1. Cost Management: Procurement helps manage costs by negotiating prices with suppliers,
identifying cost-saving opportunities, and ensuring efficient use of resources.
2. Risk Management: It plays a crucial role in identifying and mitigating risks related to supply chain
disruptions, supplier quality issues, and changes in market conditions.
3. Supplier Relationship Management: Building strong relationships with suppliers is essential for
ensuring timely deliveries, quality products, and favourable terms.
4. Sustainability and Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Procurement increasingly focuses on
sustainable sourcing practices, ethical considerations, and supporting CSR goals.
5. Innovation and Value Creation: Procurement can drive innovation by collaborating with suppliers
to develop new products, processes, or cost-saving solutions.
6. Strategic Planning: Procurement is involved in strategic planning, aligning procurement strategies
with overall business objectives and market conditions.

147
Participant Handbook

7. Compliance and Legal Aspects: Procurement ensures compliance with relevant laws, regulations,
and internal policies, reducing legal and regulatory risks.
8. Supplier Diversity: Procurement may also focus on promoting supplier diversity, supporting small
and minority-owned businesses.
9. Digital Transformation: Procurement is increasingly leveraging digital technologies like AI,
automation, and analytics to streamline processes, improve decision-making, and
enhance efficiency.

In summary, procurement and purchasing are not just about buying goods and services; they are integral
to achieving strategic business objectives, managing risks, fostering innovation, and ensuring sustainable
and responsible business practices.

6.1.2 Process of vendor selection

Vendor selection is a critical process for businesses that involves choosing suppliers or vendors to
provide goods or services necessary for operations. Here’s a comprehensive breakdown of the steps
involved in the vendor selection process:

1. Identifying Requirements: The first step is to clearly define what goods or services are needed.
This involves understanding the specifications, quality standards, quantity, delivery schedules,
and any other relevant criteria.
2. Market Research: Conducting market research to identify potential vendors who can meet the
requirements. This may involve searching online, attending trade shows, seeking recommendations,
or issuing requests for information (RFIs).
3. Initial Screening: Once a list of potential vendors is compiled, a preliminary evaluation is
conducted to narrow down the options. Factors considered during this stage may include vendor
reputation, experience, financial stability, capabilities, and alignment with the organization’s
values and goals.
4. Request for Proposal (RFP) or Request for Quotation (RFQ): The organization issues a formal RFP
or RFQ to the selected vendors, outlining the requirements, evaluation criteria, and terms and
conditions. Vendors are invited to submit their proposals or quotes in response to the document.
5. Proposal Evaluation: The received proposals are evaluated based on predetermined criteria such
as price, quality, technical capabilities, delivery time, after-sales support, and compliance with
specifications. A scoring system may be used to objectively compare and rank the proposals.
6. Vendor Selection: After evaluating the proposals, the organization selects one or multiple vendors
based on their performance in the evaluation process. Factors influencing the final decision may
include price competitiveness, quality, reliability, reputation, and the vendor’s ability to meet
specific needs.

148
 3D Printing Consultant

7. Negotiation: Once the preferred vendor(s) are identified, negotiations are conducted to finalize
the terms and conditions of the contract. This may involve discussions on pricing, payment terms,
delivery schedules, warranties, service level agreements (SLAs), and other relevant aspects.
8. Contract Finalization: After reaching an agreement, a formal contract is drafted outlining the
rights, responsibilities, and obligations of both parties. The contract should be reviewed by legal
experts to ensure compliance with relevant laws and regulations.
9. Vendor Performance Monitoring: After the contract is signed, ongoing monitoring of the vendor’s
performance is essential to ensure compliance with the agreed-upon terms. Key performance
indicators (KPIs) may be established to track metrics such as delivery times, quality standards,
customer satisfaction, and adherence to contractual obligations.
10. Continuous Improvement: The vendor selection process is not a one-time event but rather an
ongoing activity. Organizations should regularly review their vendor relationships, solicit feedback
from stakeholders, and explore opportunities for improving efficiency, reducing costs, and
enhancing value delivery.

By following these steps, organizations can effectively select vendors that best meet their needs and
contribute to their overall success.

6.1.3 Vendor selection and assessment framework

A vendor assessment framework is a system used to evaluate supplier performance and identify potential
risks. It can be used to assess vendors during the RFP process, or on an ongoing basis.
The framework typically includes a list of criteria that should be considered when assessing a vendor.
These criteria can vary depending on the industry, but may include factors such as financial stability,
quality control systems, delivery times, customer service, and price.
Vendor assessments help organizations to make informed decisions about which suppliers to use. They
can also be used to negotiate better terms with vendors, and to identify areas where suppliers
need to improve.

Types of Vendor Assessment Frameworks

There are different types of vendor assessment frameworks that can be used to evaluate vendors. The
most common type of framework is the Request for Proposal (RFP) process. This process is often used by
organizations when they are looking to purchase products or services from a vendor. Other types of
vendor assessment frameworks include the use of questionnaires, interviews, and focus groups.
The RFP process is a formalized way of requesting proposals from vendors. This process can be used to
assess a wide range of vendors, including those who provide software, hardware, services, and more.
The RFP process generally includes the following steps:
• Define the requirements for the product or service you are seeking.
• Send out the RFP to multiple vendors.

149
Participant Handbook

• Review proposals from vendors and select the one that best meets your needs.
• Negotiate contract terms with the selected vendor.
• Finalize the agreement and begin working with the vendor.

Questionnaires are another common type of vendor assessment framework. Questionnaires can be used
to gather information about a vendor’s products or services, their prices, their delivery times, and more.
Questionnaires can be sent out to multiple vendors at once and can be an efficient way to compare
multiple vendors side-by-side.

Here are some more common types of vendor assessment frameworks:

1. Capability Assessment Framework: This framework evaluates vendors based on their technical
capabilities, skills, expertise, and resources to deliver products or services.
2. Financial Assessment Framework: This framework focuses on assessing the financial stability and
viability of vendors, including factors like revenue, profitability, liquidity, and financial risk.
3. Risk Assessment Framework: This framework evaluates vendors based on their potential to pose
risks to the organization, including operational, financial, legal, and reputational risks.
4. Compliance Assessment Framework: This framework assesses vendors’ adherence to legal,
regulatory, and contractual requirements, as well as industry standards and best practices.
5. Performance Assessment Framework: This framework evaluates vendors based on their past
performance, including quality of products or services, delivery timeliness, customer satisfaction,
and problem resolution.
6. Security Assessment Framework: This framework evaluates vendors’ security practices, including
data protection, access controls, vulnerability management, and incident response capabilities.
7. Ethical Assessment Framework: This framework assesses vendors’ ethical practices, including
labour practices, environmental policies, diversity, and corporate social responsibility.
8. Scalability Assessment Framework: This framework evaluates vendors’ ability to scale their
operations and resources to meet the organization’s future needs and growth.
9. Innovation Assessment Framework: This framework assesses vendors’ ability to innovate and
offer new ideas, technologies, or solutions that can benefit the organization.
10. Relationship Assessment Framework: This framework evaluates the quality of the relationship
between the organization and the vendor, including communication, collaboration, and
conflict resolution.

These frameworks can be used individually or in combination to comprehensively assess vendors and
make informed decisions.

150
 3D Printing Consultant

6.1.4 RFP/RFQ process and its components

REP/RFQ Purpose Features

REP: An RFP is a request for An RFP outlines the details of a While specific RFPs vary, most
proposal, a document that is project, and is used by an include a detailed description
used to let vendors know that organization to evaluate of requirements, along with
funding is available for a competing bids. An RFP also budget and deadline for
project, and asks for bids ensures that organizations project completion.
to complete it. have created parameters for a
project, which can be used to
benchmark the success of the
venture when completed.

RFQ: An RFQ is a document While an RFP provides a general An RFQ includes a table that
that is more detailed than an outline of a project, and allows lists each product or service
RFP, asking vendors to provide for vendors to propose different required, along with quality
exact information on the solutions to complete it, an specifications, if applicable.
materials and services required RFQ is issued when the The respondent of the
to complete a project. company knows what it needs requirements is completed as
and can outline a specific, stated, or if configuration or
itemized list of outsourcing will be necessary.
requirements for vendors. The issuer should include
payment terms and a sample
contract for the
vendor to review.

The RFP (Request for Proposal) and RFQ (Request for Quotation) processes are both formal methods
used by organizations to solicit bids from suppliers for the purchase of goods or services. Here’s a
breakdown of each process and its components:

Request for Proposal (RFP) Process:

1. Identification of Need: The organization identifies a need for a specific product or service that is
not currently available within the organization.
2. Creation of RFP Document: The organization creates an RFP document detailing the specifications,
requirements, evaluation criteria, and terms and conditions for the procurement.
3. Publication of RFP: The RFP is published and distributed to potential suppliers who may be
interested in bidding for the project.
4. Supplier Response: Suppliers review the RFP and submit their proposals, detailing how they
would meet the requirements and specifications outlined in the RFP.
5. Evaluation of Proposals: The organization evaluates the proposals based on predefined criteria
such as price, quality, experience, and capability.

151
Participant Handbook

6. Selection of Supplier: Based on the evaluation, the organization selects the supplier that best
meets its requirements and negotiates a contract.
7. Contract Award: Once negotiations are complete, the organization awards the contract to the
selected supplier.

Request for Quotation (RFQ) Process:

1. Identification of Need: Similar to the RFP process, the organization identifies a need for a specific
product or service.
2. Creation of RFQ Document: The organization creates an RFQ document detailing the specifications,
quantities, and terms and conditions for the procurement.
3. Distribution of RFQ: The RFQ is distributed to potential suppliers who may be interested in
providing a quotation for the requested products or services.
4. Supplier Response: Suppliers review the RFQ and submit their quotations detailing the prices and
terms for supplying the requested products or services.
5. Evaluation of Quotations: The organization evaluates the quotations based on price, quality,
delivery terms, and other relevant factors.
6. Selection of Supplier: Based on the evaluation, the organization selects the supplier that offers
the best value for money and awards the contract.
7. Contract Award: Once the supplier is selected, the organization awards the contract and enters
into an agreement with the supplier for the supply of the products or services.

Both the RFP and RFQ processes involve the identification of a need, the creation and distribution of a
procurement document, the evaluation of supplier proposals or quotations, and the selection and award
of a contract to the chosen supplier. The main difference between the two processes lies in the level of
detail and the complexity of the requirements specified in the procurement document.

6.1.5 Different methods of vendor assessment

Vendor assessment is a crucial process for businesses to evaluate and select the right suppliers or
vendors. Several methods can be used for vendor assessment, including:

1. Supplier Surveys/Questionnaires: Send out surveys or questionnaires to vendors to gather

information about their capabilities, quality management systems, financial stability, compliance
with regulations, and other relevant factors.
2. Site Visits/Audits: Conduct on-site visits or audits to assess a vendor’s facilities, processes,
equipment, quality control measures, and overall operational capabilities.
3. Performance Metrics/KPIs: Establish key performance indicators (KPIs) to measure a vendor’s
performance, such as on-time delivery, product quality, response times, and customer satisfaction.

152
 3D Printing Consultant

4. Financial Analysis: Review a vendor’s financial statements, credit ratings, and payment terms to
assess their financial stability and ability to fulfill contractual obligations.
5. References and Case Studies: Obtain references from other clients or review case studies to
understand a vendor’s track record, reputation, and success stories.
6. Risk Assessments: Identify and evaluate potential risks associated with a vendor, such as financial
risks, operational risks, compliance risks, and reputational risks.
7. Quality Management Systems (QMS): Evaluate a vendor’s QMS to ensure that they have robust
processes in place for quality assurance and control.

6.1.6 Benefits of vendor assessment

Vendor assessment, also known as supplier evaluation or vendor evaluation, is a process used by
organizations to evaluate the performance, capabilities, and overall suitability of their vendors or
suppliers. This process is crucial for ensuring that the organization is working with reliable and
competent partners. Here are some key benefits of vendor assessment:

1. Quality Assurance: Assessing vendors helps ensure that the products or services provided meet
the organization’s quality standards. It helps in identifying vendors who consistently deliver high-
quality products or services.
2. Risk Management: By assessing vendors, organizations can identify and mitigate risks associated
with their suppliers. This includes risks related to financial stability, compliance, delivery delays,
and quality issues.
3. Cost Savings: Effective vendor assessment can lead to cost savings by identifying opportunities
for negotiation, consolidation of suppliers, or finding more cost-effective alternatives without
compromising quality.
4. Performance Improvement: Regular assessment encourages vendors to improve their
performance to meet or exceed the organization’s expectations. This can lead to better service,
higher quality products, and more reliable delivery.
5. Compliance and Legal Requirements: Assessing vendors helps ensure that they comply with
relevant laws, regulations, and industry standards. This is particularly important in industries with
strict regulatory requirements.
6. Enhanced Relationships: Through regular assessment, organizations can build stronger
relationships with their vendors based on mutual trust and understanding. This can lead to long-
term partnerships that benefit both parties.
7. Innovation and Continuous Improvement: Vendor assessment can also drive innovation and
continuous improvement. By encouraging vendors to innovate and improve their offerings,
organizations can stay competitive in the market.

Overall, vendor assessment is a strategic process that helps organizations ensure they are working with
the right partners to achieve their business objectives.

153
Participant Handbook

6.1.7 Documentation needed for

vendor evaluation and assessment
Documentation for vendor evaluation and assessment is crucial for ensuring that the selected vendor
meets the requirements and standards of your organization. Here are some key documents that are
typically needed for vendor evaluation and assessment:
• Request for Proposal (RFP): This document outlines the requirements, expectations, and
evaluation criteria for selecting a vendor. It provides vendors with detailed information about the
project and allows them to submit proposals that meet your needs.
• Vendor Questionnaire: A questionnaire can be used to gather information from vendors about
their experience, capabilities, financial stability, and other relevant factors. This helps in assessing
the vendor’s suitability for the project.
• Vendor Proposals: Vendors should submit proposals that detail how they will meet your
requirements, including their approach, timeline, costs, and any other relevant information.
• Vendor Contracts: The contract outlines the terms and conditions of the agreement between
your organization and the vendor. It should include details such as deliverables, payment terms,
warranties, and dispute resolution mechanisms.
• Vendor References: It’s important to check the vendor’s references to verify their capabilities and
track record. Documentation of these reference checks should be kept for evaluation purposes.
• Vendor Performance Metrics: Define and document the metrics that will be used to evaluate the
vendor’s performance, such as quality, timeliness, and responsiveness.
• Audit Reports: If applicable, audit reports can provide insights into the vendor’s financial stability,
compliance with regulations, and overall performance.
• Compliance Documents: Ensure that the vendor provides all necessary compliance documents,
such as certifications, licenses, and insurance policies.
• Service Level Agreements (SLAs): SLAs define the level of service that the vendor is expected to
provide, including response times, uptime guarantees, and other service-related metrics.
• Evaluation Criteria Matrix: This document outlines the criteria that will be used to evaluate
vendors and can include factors such as cost, quality, experience, and compliance.
• Risk Assessment: A risk assessment should be conducted to identify and mitigate any potential
risks associated with the vendor relationship.
• Communication Plan: Define how communication will be managed between your organization
and the vendor, including the frequency and methods of communication.
• Change Management Plan: Outline how changes to the project scope or requirements will be
managed and communicated to the vendor.

By documenting these aspects of vendor evaluation and assessment, you can ensure that the selection
process is thorough and transparent, leading to a successful vendor relationship.

154
 3D Printing Consultant

6.1.7.1 Develop the evaluation criteria and carry out

the vendor assessment in different industrial settings
Evaluating vendors in different industrial settings requires a systematic approach to ensure that the
chosen vendor meets the specific needs and standards of the industry. Here’s a general outline for
developing evaluation criteria and conducting vendor assessments:

1. Define Requirements: Identify the specific requirements for the products or services you need
from a vendor. These could include quality standards, delivery timelines, pricing, and any
regulatory or industry-specific requirements.
2. Develop Evaluation Criteria: Based on the requirements, develop a set of evaluation criteria.
These criteria should be measurable and relevant to your needs. Examples include product
quality, pricing competitiveness, vendor experience, financial stability, and compliance with
industry standards.
3. Select Evaluation Team: Form a team with members who have relevant expertise in the products
or services being evaluated, as well as knowledge of the industry standards and requirements.
4. Gather Information: Collect information about potential vendors, including their capabilities,
experience, financial stability, and reputation. This can be done through vendor surveys,
interviews, and site visits.
5. Score Vendors: Use the evaluation criteria to score each vendor based on their responses and
information gathered. This helps to objectively compare vendors and identify the most suitable ones.
6. Conduct Vendor Assessments: For shortlisted vendors, conduct more in-depth assessments. This
may include on-site visits, product demonstrations, and interviews with key personnel.
7. Evaluate Risks: Assess the risks associated with each vendor, including risks related to product
quality, delivery delays, and financial stability. Develop mitigation strategies for these risks.
8. Make Selection: Based on the evaluation results, select the vendor that best meets your
requirements and offers the best value for your organization.
9. Negotiate Terms: Negotiate the terms of the contract with the selected vendor, including pricing,
delivery schedules, and service level agreements.
10. Monitor Performance: After selecting a vendor, monitor their performance regularly to ensure
they continue to meet your expectations and requirements.

By following these steps, you can develop evaluation criteria and conduct vendor assessments in different
industrial settings effectively.

155
Participant Handbook

6.1.7.2 Various off-the-shelf materials, tools and

appropriate equipment for the development of the product
To understand various off-the-shelf materials, tools, and equipment for product development, it’s
important to consider the specific requirements of your project. Here’s a general overview of
common categories:

1. Materials: Off-the-shelf materials can include metals, plastics, composites, and more. They come
in various forms like sheets, rods, tubes, and powders. Selection depends on factors like strength,
durability, cost, and ease of machining.
2. Tools: Common tools for product development include cutting tools (saws, drills), shaping tools
(lathes, milling machines), and finishing tools (sandpaper, polishers). Precision tools like calipers
and micrometers are crucial for accurate measurements.
3. Equipment: Depending on the project, you might need equipment like 3D printers for rapid
prototyping, CNC machines for precision machining, or injection molding machines for mass
production. Testing equipment such as tensile testers or environmental chambers may
also be necessary.
4. Software: CAD (Computer-Aided Design) software is essential for designing products. Simulation
software can help analyze designs before production. CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing)
software is used to generate toolpaths for CNC machines.
5. Safety Equipment: Safety should not be overlooked. Safety glasses, gloves, and ear protection are
basic requirements. For specific tasks, you might need respirators, aprons, or other protective gear.
6. Storage and Handling: Proper storage and handling equipment like shelves, bins, and lifting tools
are important to maintain material quality and ensure worker safety.

By understanding these categories and their specific applications, you can make informed decisions
about the materials, tools, and equipment needed for your product development project.

6.1.8 Understand the organizational in-house

capability to develop 3D Printing solutions
To understand an organization’s in-house capability to develop 3D printing solutions, you would
typically assess several key areas:

1. Infrastructure: Evaluate the organization’s existing infrastructure, including 3D printers, software,

and materials. Consider the capacity, capabilities, and limitations of the current setup.
2. Skills and Expertise: Assess the skill level and expertise of the team members involved in 3D
printing. This includes knowledge of 3D modeling software, understanding of printing processes,
and troubleshooting skills.

156
 3D Printing Consultant

3. Design Capability: Determine the organization’s ability to design 3D models for printing. This
includes knowledge of CAD software, design for additive manufacturing (DfAM) principles, and
creativity in developing innovative solutions.
4. Material Knowledge: Evaluate the organization’s understanding of 3D printing materials, including
their properties, compatibility with printers, and availability in the market.
5. Process Knowledge: Assess the organization’s knowledge of 3D printing processes, such as Fused
Deposition Modeling (FDM), Stereolithography (SLA), and Selective Laser Sintering (SLS), including
their advantages, limitations, and best practices.
6. Quality Control: Determine the organization’s capability to maintain quality standards in 3D
printing, including inspection, testing, and validation processes.
7. Regulatory Compliance: Evaluate the organization’s understanding of regulatory requirements
related to 3D printing, such as safety, quality, and intellectual property rights.
8. Resource Management: Assess the organization’s ability to manage resources, including budget,
time, and personnel, for 3D printing projects.

By evaluating these areas, you can gain a comprehensive understanding of an organization’s in-house
capability to develop 3D printing solutions and identify areas for improvement or investment.

6.1.8.1 Organizational feasibility of investments in

new production tool and equipment
Organizational feasibility of investments in new production
Investments in new production typically involve assessing several organizational feasibility aspects to
ensure they are viable and beneficial. Here are some key considerations:
• Financial Feasibility: Evaluate if the investment aligns with the company’s financial capabilities
and budget. Assess potential returns, payback period, and profitability projections.
• Operational Feasibility: Determine if the new production aligns with existing operations. Consider
factors like production capacity, workforce skills, technological compatibility, and supply
chain integration.
• Technical Feasibility: Evaluate if the technology required for new production is available, reliable,
and feasible to implement within the organization’s infrastructure. Consider potential technical
challenges and mitigation strategies.
• Market Feasibility: Analyze the market demand and potential for the new production. Conduct
market research to understand customer needs, competitive landscape, pricing dynamics, and
potential market growth.
• Legal and Regulatory Feasibility: Ensure compliance with all applicable laws, regulations, and
industry standards. Assess any legal implications related to production processes, environmental
regulations, safety standards, etc.

157
Participant Handbook

• Resource Feasibility: Evaluate availability and allocation of resources such as raw materials,
equipment, and skilled labour necessary for new production. Consider any additional resources
or training required.
• Risk Assessment: Conduct a thorough risk analysis to identify potential risks associated with the
new production investment. Develop risk mitigation strategies to address operational, financial,
market, and other risks.

Appoint vendor either partially or completely on the 3dp solutions

Appointing a vendor for 3D printing solutions, whether partially or completely, depends on several
factors that should be evaluated:
• Does the vendor have the necessary expertise and capability to meet your 3D printing
requirements? This includes technical proficiency in handling different materials, printing
technologies, and post-processing.
• Outsourcing to a vendor can sometimes be more cost-effective, especially if you don’t have the
volume or frequency of printing to justify in-house equipment and expertise.
• Vendors often have access to advanced 3D printing technologies and materials that may not be
feasible for in-house adoption due to cost or maintenance concerns.
• If your 3D printing needs vary over time or you require scalability for larger projects, a vendor
with flexible capacity can be advantageous.
• Evaluate the vendor’s quality assurance processes. They should ensure consistent output and
adherence to specifications, critical for functional parts or prototypes.
• Consider turnaround times offered by the vendor. Outsourcing can sometimes provide faster
delivery than in-house printing, especially for urgent or large-scale projects.
• Assess risks such as equipment maintenance, downtime, and obsolescence. Outsourcing can
transfer these risks to the vendor.

6.1.8.2 Assess multiple vendors and their technical expertise

Assessing multiple vendors and their technical expertise involves several key steps to ensure you
choose the most suitable partner for your needs. Here’s a structured approach:
• Define Requirements and Criteria: Clearly outline your technical requirements, such as specific
skills, technologies, certifications, and experience levels you expect from vendors. These criteria
should align with your project goals and business objectives.
• Request for Information (RFI): Issue an RFI to potential vendors. This document should request
basic information about their company, team structure, past projects, technical capabilities, and
any relevant certifications or awards.

158
 3D Printing Consultant

• Evaluate Responses: Review the responses to your RFI. Look for vendors whose capabilities align
closely with your requirements. Assess factors like the depth of their technical expertise, their
experience in similar projects, and their ability to scale resources if needed.
• Request for Proposal (RFP): Based on the initial assessment, select vendors who meet your
criteria and invite them to submit detailed proposals. The RFP should include specific project
details, timelines, deliverables, and evaluation criteria.
• Technical Presentations or Demos: Ask shortlisted vendors to provide technical presentations or
demos. This allows you to see their solutions in action, understand their approach to solving
problems, and assess their communication skills.
• Check References: Request references from each vendor and follow up with previous clients. Ask
about their experience working with the vendor, the quality of deliverables, adherence to
timelines, and overall satisfaction.
• Evaluate Team Expertise: Assess the technical expertise of the vendor’s team members who will
be directly involved in your project. Look for relevant certifications, training, and experience in
handling similar projects.
• Scalability and Flexibility: Evaluate whether the vendor has the capacity to scale their team or
resources based on your project’s evolving needs. Flexibility in adapting to changing requirements
is crucial for long-term partnerships.
• Post-Selection Review: Conduct a post-selection review to ensure all stakeholders are aligned
and comfortable with the chosen vendor. Address any concerns or clarifications before
finalizing the agreement.

6.1.8.3 Perform technical assessment

of new vendor facility/offerings
Performing a technical assessment of a new vendor’s facility or offerings involves several key steps to
ensure their capabilities meet your requirements.
• Documentation Review
• Site Visit and Inspection
• Capability Assessment
• Quality Control and Assurance
• Supply Chain and Logistics
• Technology and Innovation
• Financial Stability and Risk Assessment
• References and Reputation
• Contractual and Legal Considerations
• Decision Making

159
Participant Handbook

6.1.8.4 Identify vendor(s) for custom

material and hardware requirements
Identifying vendors for custom material and hardware requirements typically involves assessing several
criteria to ensure they meet your needs effectively. Here are some steps and criteria you can use to
identify suitable vendors:
Criteria for Vendor Assessment:
• Ensure vendors adhere to quality standards relevant to your industry (ISO certifications, material
testing standards, etc.).
• Evaluate their production capabilities to meet your quantity and timeline requirements.
• Look for vendors with a proven track record in supplying similar custom materials or hardware.
• Compare pricing structures to ensure they are competitive without compromising quality.
• Assess their ability to customize products to your specifications.
• Consider their proximity to your location to minimize shipping costs and logistics challenges.
• Evaluate their responsiveness and communication during the inquiry and ordering process.
• Assess their support capabilities for troubleshooting and after-sales service.

Vendor Identification:
• Industry Directories and Trade Associations: Look for vendors listed in industry directories or
recommended by trade associations related to your sector.
• Online Searches and Platforms: Use online platforms like Alibaba, Thomas Net, or industry-
specific platforms to search for potential vendors.
• Networking and Referrals: Seek recommendations from industry peers, suppliers, or business
networks who may have worked with suitable vendors.
• RFI (Request for Information) or RFQ (Request for Quotation): Send out RFIs or RFQs to potential
vendors to gather detailed information on their capabilities, pricing, and term

6.1.9 Assistance the vendor’s expertise

provide to the in-house R&D and Design teams
Vendor expertise can significantly enhance in-house R&D and design teams by providing specialized
knowledge, experience, and resources that may not be readily available internally. Here’s how vendor
expertise can assist:

1. Specialized Knowledge: Vendors often have deep expertise in specific technologies, industries, or
processes. They can bring insights and best practices that can enhance the R&D and design process.
2. Access to Resources: Vendors may have access to specialized tools, equipment, or software that
can augment the capabilities of the in-house team.

160
 3D Printing Consultant

3. Speed and Efficiency: Vendors can often accelerate the R&D and design process, helping the in-
house team meet deadlines and deliver results more quickly.
4. Cost-Effectiveness: Outsourcing certain R&D and design tasks to vendors can be more cost-
effective than hiring additional in-house staff or investing in new resources.
5. Flexibility: Vendors can provide a flexible workforce that can scale up or down based on the
needs of the project, providing agility to the in-house team.
6. Risk Mitigation: Vendors can help mitigate risks by bringing in external expertise and experience,
reducing the likelihood of costly mistakes or delays.
7. Collaborative Innovation: Working with vendors can foster a culture of collaborative innovation,
where ideas are shared and refined, leading to more innovative solutions.

Overall, vendor expertise can complement the skills and capabilities of in-house R&D and design teams,
leading to more robust, efficient, and innovative outcomes.

6.1.9.1 Assess the risks associated with long

term dependency on the vendor
Long-term dependency on a vendor can pose several risks to an organization. Here are some key
risks to consider:
• If the vendor encounters financial instability, operational issues, or changes in leadership, it could
affect their ability to deliver products or services reliably.
• Vendors may increase prices over time, especially if they hold a monopoly or if switching costs are
high for the organization. This can lead to budget overruns and financial strain.
• Over time, vendor performance and product/service quality may decline, affecting the
organization’s operations and reputation.
• Dependency on a single vendor may limit access to new technologies, innovations, or
improvements in the market that competitors might offer.
• Long-term contracts may lock the organization into unfavourable terms or conditions. Legal
disputes or disagreements over contract terms can disrupt operations.
• Any disruption in the vendor’s supply chain (e.g., due to natural disasters, geopolitical issues) can
directly impact the organization’s ability to receive necessary goods or services.

To mitigate these risks, organizations should consider strategies such as diversifying vendors, negotiating
flexible contract terms, monitoring vendor performance closely, and maintaining contingency plans for
vendor transitions if needed.

161
Participant Handbook

Exercise
A. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ):
1. What is the first step in the vendor selection process?

a) Sending out requests for proposals (RFPs)

b) Identifying potential vendors
c) Evaluating vendor proposals
d) Negotiating contracts

2. Which of the following is a key factor to consider when evaluating vendor proposals?

a) Price b) Vendor reputation

c) Quality of products or services d) All of the above

3. What is the purpose of conducting vendor interviews during the selection process?

a) To negotiate pricing
b) To verify vendor qualifications and capabilities
c) To finalize the contract
d) To conduct background checks

4. How can a company ensure fairness and transparency in the vendor selection process?

a) By disclosing all evaluation criteria to vendors

b) By selecting vendors based on personal relationships
c) By excluding certain vendors without justification
d) By accepting bribes or kickbacks from vendors

5. What is the final step in the vendor selection process?

a) Signing the contract b) Conducting a pilot project

c) Evaluating vendor performance d) Terminating the relationship

B. True/False
1. Vendor scorecards are primarily qualitative assessments of a vendor’s performance.
2. RFQ (Request for Quotation) is a method used to assess vendor pricing and capabilities.
3. Vendor audits are typically conducted after a contract is signed to ensure compliance.
4. Vendor surveys are mainly used to gather feedback on vendor performance
from stakeholders.
5. Benchmarking is a method that compares a vendor’s performance
against industry standards or best practices.

162
 3D Printing Consultant

C. Fill in the blanks:

1. The vendor’s prints consistently exhibit high ......................................... standards, with minimal
defects and excellent surface finish.
2. The vendor utilizes state-of-the-art ......................................... to ensure precise and efficient
printing processes.
3. Despite offering top-notch quality, the vendor’s pricing remains .........................................
compared to competitors in the market.
4. The vendor demonstrates exceptional ......................................... by promptly addressing queries
and concerns, and providing timely updates on project progress.
5. The vendor continually invests in research and development, resulting in ground-breaking ..........
............................... that push the boundaries of 3D printing technology.

Scan the QR code or click on the link to watch related videos

https://youtu.be/1NEsM_dAVgg?si=STRBRQWYdMsSVkvk

About Vendor Selection Process

163
Participant Handbook

Notes

164
 3D Printing Consultant

Notes

165
Participant Handbook

166
7. A
 dvanced 3D
printing design
techniques and
process flow
improvement
solutions
Unit 7.1 - Process Improvement

SSC/N8905
Participant Handbook

Key Learning Outcomes

At the end of the module, the participant will be able to:
1. Discuss the Importance of DfAM (design for additive manufacturing) framework
2. Discuss the usage of process improvement tools like RCA, CAPA etc
3. Evaluate advantages and disadvantages of various conventional manufacturing
processes vs 3D Printing
4. Discuss the 3D printing technology conjunction with other advanced technologies like ARVR and
Artificial intelligence
5. Describe the reverse engineering workflows for 3D Printing
6. Discuss the ways to create feedback loops using AI and ML

168
 3D Printing Consultant

Unit 7.1 - Process Improvement

Unit Objectives
At the end of the module, the participant will be able to:
1. Discuss the Importance of DFAM (design for additive manufacturing) framework
2. Discuss the usage of process improvement tools like RCA, CAPA etc.
3. Evaluate advantages and disadvantages of various conventional manufacturing
processes vs 3D Printing
4. Discuss the 3D printing technology conjunction with other advanced technologies like ARVR and
Artificial intelligence
5. Describe the reverse engineering workflows for 3D Printing
6. Discuss the ways to create feedback loops using AI and ML

7.1.1 Importance of DfAM (design for additive

manufacturing) framework for product design
Design for Additive Manufacturing (DfAM) is a framework that emphasizes designing products
specifically for manufacturing using additive manufacturing (AM) processes like 3D printing. Here are
some key reasons why DfAM is important:

Fig.7.1.1 DfAM (design for additive manufacturing)

1. Optimized Designs: DfAM allows engineers to create designs that are optimized for the unique
capabilities of additive manufacturing. This can lead to lighter, stronger, and more efficient parts
compared to traditionally manufactured parts.
2. Complex Geometries: Additive manufacturing enables the creation of complex geometries that
are difficult or impossible to achieve with traditional manufacturing methods. DfAM helps
designers take full advantage of this capability.

169
Participant Handbook

3. Material Efficiency: DfAM can help reduce material waste by designing parts with optimized
geometries that use only the necessary amount of material.
4. Reduced Assembly: By designing parts with complex geometries and integrated features, DfAM
can reduce the need for assembly, leading to simpler and more efficient products.
5. Customization and Personalization: Additive manufacturing allows for easy customization and
personalization of products. DfAM helps designers leverage this capability to create products
tailored to individual customer needs.
6. Cost Savings: While additive manufacturing can be more expensive per unit than traditional
manufacturing for some applications, DfAM can help offset these costs by reducing material
waste, assembly time, and the need for expensive tooling.
7. Time-to-Market: DfAM can help reduce the time it takes to bring a product to market by
simplifying the design and manufacturing process, especially for low-volume or custom products.

In summary, DfAM is important because it enables designers to fully exploit the capabilities of additive
manufacturing, leading to more efficient, cost-effective, and innovative products.

7.1.1.1 Evaluate and prepare reports on processes and

products to develop insights for improving solution
Step to prepare a report on processes and product to develop
To evaluate and prepare reports on processes and products effectively for improving solution and part
quality, consider the following steps:
• Data Collection: Gather data systematically from various stages of the production process. This
includes initial design specifications, manufacturing process data, inspection and testing results,
and feedback from stakeholders (such as production teams, quality assurance, and end-users).
• Analysis: Analyze the collected data to identify trends, patterns, and areas of improvement. Use
statistical tools and methods like Pareto analysis, root cause analysis (RCA), and process capability
indices (CPK) to pinpoint critical issues affecting quality.
• Quality Metrics: Define and measure key performance indicators (KPIs) related to quality. These
could include defect rates, scrap rates, rework percentages, and customer complaints. Ensure
these metrics align with overall business goals and customer expectations.
• Comparison and Benchmarking: Compare current performance against industry benchmarks or
internal standards. Identify gaps and opportunities for improvement based on comparative analysis.
• Report Preparation: Prepare detailed reports that summarize findings from the analysis phase.
Reports should include:
‰ Executive summary highlighting key findings and recommendations.

170
 3D Printing Consultant

‰ Detailed analysis of data with visual aids such as charts, graphs, and tables to illustrate
trends and patterns.
‰ Root cause analysis for major quality issues identified.
‰ Recommendations for process improvements, including specific actions and timelines.
• Feedback and Review: Share the report with relevant stakeholders such as production managers,
quality assurance teams, and senior management. Gather feedback and incorporate suggestions
for refining recommendations.
• Implementation of Improvements: Based on the recommendations in the report, implement
process improvements systematically. Monitor the implementation and measure the effectiveness
of these improvements using defined KPIs.
• Continuous Improvement: Establish a culture of continuous improvement by regularly reviewing
and updating quality processes based on ongoing feedback, data analysis, and changing
business requirements.

7.1.1.2 Usage of various sensors to monitor quality and catch

errors layer by layer during the printing process
Monitoring quality and detecting errors layer by layer during the printing process is crucial for ensuring
accurate and reliable 3D printed outputs. Here’s an evaluation of various sensors that can be used
for this purpose:

1. Temperature Sensors:
• Usage: Temperature sensors can monitor the temperature of the print bed and the extruder nozzle.
• Importance: Ensures that the printing temperature remains within the optimal range, preventing
issues like warping, poor layer adhesion, or nozzle jams.
• Type: Thermocouples or resistance temperature detectors (RTDs) are commonly used for their
accuracy and reliability.

2. Humidity Sensors:
• Usage: Monitors the humidity levels in the printing environment.
• Importance: Helps prevent filament absorption of moisture, which can affect print quality,
particularly with materials like PLA.
• Type: Capacitive humidity sensors are often used due to their responsiveness and accuracy.

3. X-ray Cameras:
• Usage: Advanced imaging technology to inspect internal structures of 3D printed objects.
• Importance: Detects defects such as voids, delamination, or improper infill density that may not
be visible externally.
• Type: High-resolution X-ray imaging systems are employed for detailed analysis.

171
Participant Handbook

4. Optical Sensors:
• Usage: Optical sensors can detect various aspects of the print process, such as layer height, print
head position, or filament movement.
• Importance: Ensures precise layer alignment and detects issues like misalignment or
nozzle clogging.
• Type: Laser displacement sensors, optical endstops, or vision systems with cameras are used
depending on the specific application.

5. Pressure Sensors:
• Usage: Monitors the pressure in extrusion systems to ensure consistent material flow.
• Importance: Prevents under-extrusion or over-extrusion issues that can lead to weak prints
or nozzle jams.
• Type: Piezoresistive or capacitive pressure sensors are common choices for their sensitivity
and durability.

6. Infrared Sensors:
• Usage: Measures surface temperature profiles of printed layers.
• Importance: Helps in monitoring cooling rates and identifying potential delamination or
warping issues.
• Type: Infrared thermometers or thermal imaging cameras are used for non-contact
temperature measurement.

7. Vibration Sensors:
• Usage: Detects vibrations or oscillations in the printing system.
• Importance: Helps in identifying mechanical issues such as stepper motor misalignment or
structural vibrations that can affect print accuracy.
• Type: Accelerometers or piezoelectric vibration sensors are utilized to capture and
analyze vibrations.

Integrating these sensors into a comprehensive monitoring system allows for real-time detection of print
defects, ensuring higher print quality and reducing the need for post-processing or print failures. Each
sensor type contributes uniquely to different aspects of quality assurance in 3D printing processes.

172
 3D Printing Consultant

7.1.1.4 Subtractive manufacturing tools for dimensional

accuracy and process parameters to optimize prints and holes
Subtractive manufacturing means what the name indicates. It involves removing pieces of a workpiece or
material to create something new. It’s a size reduction process that often starts with a large chunk, sheet,
or solid block, and then, upon application of a series of cutting techniques, you arrive at your intended
shape, size, geometry, and features of the product.

Subtractive manufacturing tools.

• CNC Machining: After additive manufacturing, CNC machining can be used to achieve precise
dimensional accuracy by removing excess material and refining critical features.
• Grinding and Polishing: These processes can be used to smooth out surfaces and achieve specific
surface finishes, improving both aesthetics and functionality.
• EDM (Electrical Discharge Machining): EDM can be employed to accurately remove material in
tight spaces or intricate geometries, ensuring dimensional precision.
• Laser Cutting: Used for trimming excess material or achieving specific shapes post-printing, laser
cutting is precise and can be automated for consistency.
• Surface Coating and Painting: While not strictly subtractive, these processes can add protective
layers or aesthetic finishes to parts after subtractive refinement.

Subtractive manufacturing tools can be very useful for achieving dimensional accuracy and optimizing
prints in additive manufacturing processes. Here are some key benefits and considerations:
• Trimming and Finishing: Subtractive tools like CNC machines or precision cutting tools can be
used to trim excess material from printed parts. This is particularly useful for removing support
structures or achieving precise geometries that may be difficult to achieve solely through
additive processes.
• Hole and Feature Precision: Additive manufacturing sometimes struggles with achieving precise
hole sizes or intricate features. Subtractive tools can be employed to post-process parts, ensuring
that holes are drilled to exact specifications and features are accurately shaped.
• Surface Finish: While additive manufacturing can produce good surface finishes, post-processing
with subtractive tools allows for finer surface detailing or polishing to meet specific aesthetic or
functional requirements.
• Tolerance Adjustment: Adjusting tolerances and fine-tuning dimensional accuracy can be
efficiently managed with subtractive tools. This ensures that parts fit together correctly and
perform as intended.
• Integration of Technologies: Combining additive and subtractive processes (hybrid manufacturing)
allows for leveraging the strengths of both techniques. This integration can lead to improved part
quality, reduced waste, and enhanced overall efficiency.

In summary, integrating subtractive manufacturing tools into the workflow can significantly enhance the
dimensional accuracy, surface finish, and overall quality of additive manufactured parts, especially when
precise geometries and tight tolerances are required.

173
Participant Handbook

7.1.2 Usage of process improvement tools like RCA, CAPA etc

Process improvement tools like Root Cause Analysis (RCA) and Corrective and Preventive Actions
(CAPA) are essential in identifying and rectifying issues that affect product performance. Let’s delve
into how these tools are utilized:

1. Root Cause Analysis (RCA):

Fig.7.1.2 Root Cause Analysis (RCA)

• Identification of Issues: RCA involves digging deep into the root cause of a problem rather
than addressing just the symptoms. It helps in understanding why a particular issue occurred.
• Methodologies: Various methodologies such as 5 Whys, Fishbone (Ishikawa) Diagram, Fault
Tree Analysis, and Pareto Analysis are used to conduct RCA. These methodologies help in
systematically uncovering the underlying causes.
• Implementation: Once the root cause is identified, appropriate actions can be taken to
address it effectively. This may involve process modifications, training, equipment upgrades,
or procedural changes.

2. Corrective and Preventive Actions (CAPA):

Fig.7.1.3 CAPA

174
 3D Printing Consultant

175
Participant Handbook

• Corrective Actions: These are immediate actions taken to address a specific issue identified
through RCA. They aim to correct the problem and prevent its recurrence in the short term.
• Preventive Actions: Unlike corrective actions, preventive actions focus on long-term solutions
to prevent similar issues from occurring in the future. This involves analyzing processes and
implementing changes to eliminate potential causes of problems.
• Documentation and Tracking: CAPA processes typically involve documenting actions taken,
assigning responsibilities, and tracking progress to ensure that the identified issues are
effectively resolved and prevented in the future.

3. Usage for Improving Product Performance:

• Identifying Performance Issues: These tools help in identifying performance-related issues
by analyzing data, customer feedback, and quality metrics.
• Investigating Root Causes: RCA helps in understanding why the product is not performing as
expected. It could be due to design flaws, manufacturing defects, material issues, or process
inefficiencies.
• Implementing Corrective Actions: Once the root cause is identified, corrective actions can be
implemented to address the immediate problem and restore product performance.
• Implementing Preventive Actions: CAPA ensures that similar performance issues do not
recur by implementing preventive measures. This could involve process redesign, quality
control enhancements, supplier collaborations, or training programs.
• Continuous Improvement: These tools facilitate a culture of continuous improvement by
systematically addressing performance issues and preventing their recurrence. Regular review
and analysis ensure that product performance is consistently optimized.

In summary, RCA and CAPA are invaluable tools for improving product performance by systematically
identifying, addressing, and preventing issues that affect quality and reliability. By implementing these
tools effectively, organizations can enhance customer satisfaction, reduce costs, and maintain a
competitive edge in the market.

176
 3D Printing Consultant

7.1.3 Advantages and disadvantages of various

conventional manufacturing processes vs 3D Printing
Here’s an evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of conventional manufacturing processes
like casting and forging compared to 3D printing:

Conventional Manufacturing (Casting, Forging, etc.):

Fig.7.1.4 Conventional Manufacturing

1. Advantages:
• Cost-Effectiveness: Traditional methods can be more cost-effective for high-volume production.
• Strength and Durability: These methods often produce parts with high mechanical strength
and durability.
• Surface Finish: Can achieve good surface finishes with post-processing.
• Material Variety: Various materials can be used, including metals, plastics, and ceramics.

2. Disadvantages:
• Complexity Limitations: Parts with complex geometries can be challenging and
costly to produce.
• Lead Times: Longer lead times, especially for tooling and setup.
• Waste: Can produce significant material waste, especially in machining processes.
• Design Constraints: Certain designs may not be feasible or may require additional
processes to achieve.

177
Participant Handbook

3D Printing (Additive Manufacturing):

Fig.7.1.5 3D Printing (Additive Manufacturing)

3. Advantages:
• Design Freedom: Allows for complex geometries and designs that are difficult or impossible
with traditional methods.
• Customization: Enables easy customization and rapid prototyping.
• Material Efficiency: Additive processes can be more material-efficient, reducing waste.
• Cost-Effective Prototyping: Cost-effective for low-volume production and rapid prototyping.
• Speed: Can be faster for certain applications, especially for complex parts.

4. Disadvantages:
• Surface Finish: Generally, 3D printed parts have rougher surface finishes compared to
traditional methods.
• Material Limitations: Limited material selection compared to traditional methods.
• Mechanical Properties: Parts may have lower mechanical strength and durability compared
to traditionally manufactured parts.
• Post-Processing: Some parts may require additional post-processing steps for improved
surface finish or properties.
• Size Limitations: Size limitations for large-scale manufacturing.

In summary, while conventional manufacturing processes like casting and forging excel in strength,
durability, and cost-effectiveness for high-volume production, 3D printing offers unmatched design
freedom, customization, and material efficiency, making it ideal for rapid prototyping and low-volume
production of complex parts. The choice between the two depends on the specific requirements of the
project, including volume, design complexity, material properties, and budget.

178
 3D Printing Consultant

7.1.4 3D printing technology conjunction

with other advanced technologies
3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, has the potential to synergize with other advanced
technologies like Augmented Reality (AR), Virtual Reality (VR), and Artificial Intelligence (AI) to create
innovative solutions across various industries. Here’s how these technologies can work together:

1. AR and VR: AR and VR can be used in conjunction with 3D printing to enhance the design and
prototyping process. Designers can visualize and interact with 3D models in a virtual environment,
making it easier to identify design flaws and iterate quickly. AR can also be used to overlay digital
instructions or information onto physical objects during the printing process, aiding in assembly
or post-processing tasks.
2. Artificial Intelligence: AI can optimize 3D printing processes by analyzing design requirements
and suggesting modifications to improve print quality or reduce material usage. AI algorithms can
also be used to predict potential printing errors and automatically adjust printing parameters to
avoid them. Additionally, AI-powered generative design can create complex, organic shapes that
are difficult to achieve with traditional design methods, optimizing designs for 3D printing.
3. Materials Science: Advanced materials, including those with embedded sensors or properties
that change in response to external stimuli, can be developed using AI and then printed using 3D
printing technology. This can lead to the creation of smart, adaptive materials for
various applications.
4. Supply Chain and Manufacturing: AR, VR, and AI can be integrated with 3D printing to revolutionize
the supply chain and manufacturing processes. For example, AR can be used for remote assistance
in assembly tasks, VR can simulate factory layouts for optimization, and AI can predict maintenance
needs for 3D printing equipment.
5. Medical and Healthcare: The combination of 3D printing with AR, VR, and AI is transforming the
medical field. Surgeons can use AR to visualize patient-specific anatomy during surgeries, VR can
be used for training medical professionals, and AI can analyze medical imaging data to create
personalized implants or prosthetics that can be 3D printed.
6. Construction and Architecture: AR and VR can be used to visualize architectural designs in real-
world environments, and AI can optimize these designs for 3D printing large-scale structures. 3D
printing can then be used to construct buildings or infrastructure components with greater
efficiency and customization.

Overall, the integration of 3D printing with AR, VR, and AI is leading to advancements in design,
manufacturing, healthcare, and various other industries, enabling new possibilities and efficiencies that
were previously unimaginable.

179
Participant Handbook

7.1.5 Reverse engineering workflows for 3D Printing

Reverse engineering workflows for 3D printing involve the process of creating a digital representation
of a physical object. This is particularly useful when you have a physical object but no digital design file.
Here’s a general outline of the typical steps involved:

1. Capture the Physical Object: Use scanning technologies such as 3D scanners, structured light
scanners, or photogrammetry to capture the physical object’s geometry and texture. These
scanners create a point cloud or mesh representing the object’s surface.
2. Generate a 3D Model: Use specialized software to process the scanned data and create a 3D
model. This involves cleaning up the scan data, filling holes, and ensuring the model is watertight
(i.e., suitable for 3D printing).
3. Refinement and Detailing: Depending on the application and the desired level of detail, further
refinement and detailing of the 3D model may be necessary. This can include adding or refining
features, smoothing surfaces, or simplifying complex geometries.
4. Convert to Printable Format: The finalized 3D model needs to be converted to a format that is
compatible with your 3D printer. Common formats include STL (Standard Tessellation Language)
and OBJ (Wavefront Object).
5. Slicing: Use slicing software to prepare the 3D model for printing. Slicing involves dividing the
model into thin layers and generating the toolpaths that the 3D printer will follow.
6. 3D Printing: Load the sliced file into your 3D printer and start the printing process. Monitor the
print job to ensure quality and address any issues that may arise.
7. Post-Processing: Once the print is complete, remove the object from the build plate and perform
any necessary post-processing steps, such as removing support structures, sanding, or painting.
8. Quality Control: Inspect the printed object to ensure it matches the original physical object and
meets the required quality standards.

Reverse engineering workflows for 3D printing can vary based on the complexity of the object, the
accuracy required, and the available tools and software.

7.1.6 Identify ways to create feedback loops using AI and ML

Feedback loops using AI and ML can be powerful tools for reducing defects and inconsistencies in
printing processes. Here are some ways to implement them:

1. Real-time Monitoring and Adjustment: Implement AI-driven monitoring systems that

continuously analyze printing processes in real-time. These systems can detect deviations from
expected outcomes and automatically adjust printer settings to optimize print quality. For
example, if a printer starts producing defective prints, the system can identify the cause (e.g.,
temperature fluctuations, material inconsistencies) and make necessary adjustments to
eliminate defects.

180
 3D Printing Consultant

2. Predictive Maintenance: Utilize machine learning algorithms to predict potential issues before
they occur. By analyzing historical data on printer performance and maintenance schedules, AI
can identify patterns indicative of imminent failures or degradation in print quality. This enables
proactive maintenance interventions, reducing the likelihood of defects and inconsistencies over time.
3. Quality Control and Image Recognition: Train AI models to analyze printed outputs for defects
using image recognition techniques. These models can identify common defects such as
misalignment, banding, or color inaccuracies. By flagging defective prints in real-time, operators
can take immediate corrective action, such as recalibrating printers or replacing faulty components,
thus reducing inconsistencies across outputs.
4. Feedback-driven Optimization: Implement feedback loops where data from defective prints are
used to improve future printing processes. By collecting data on defects, AI systems can identify
underlying causes and recommend adjustments to printing parameters or material specifications.
Continuous learning from past mistakes enables printers to adapt and improve over time, leading
to fewer defects and more consistent outputs.
5. Automated Root Cause Analysis: Develop AI algorithms to automatically identify root causes of
defects by analyzing complex interactions between various printing parameters (e.g., print speed,
temperature, humidity). By pinpointing the exact factors contributing to defects, printers can be
fine-tuned to eliminate these issues systematically, leading to more consistent outputs across
different printers and over time.
6. Dynamic Calibration and Parameter Optimization: Implement AI-driven calibration systems that
continuously optimize printing parameters based on real-time feedback and environmental
conditions. By dynamically adjusting parameters such as nozzle pressure, layer height, and
material composition, printers can maintain consistent print quality across different batches and
environmental conditions.
7. Supplier and Material Quality Monitoring: Utilize AI to monitor the quality of printing materials
and components supplied by vendors. By analyzing data on material properties and performance,
AI systems can identify potential sources of variability and work with suppliers to ensure consistent
quality. This helps eliminate defects caused by variations in materials and components used in the
printing process.

By integrating these feedback loops into the printing process, AI and ML can help significantly reduce
defects and inconsistencies across printers and over time, leading to higher quality outputs and
improved efficiency.

181
Participant Handbook

7.1.6.1 Identify methods to continuously strive for fine-tuning

the efficiency and repeatability of the production methods
To continuously improve efficiency and repeatability in 3D printing production methods, consider the
following methods:
• Optimize Printing Parameters: Regularly review and adjust printing parameters such as layer
height, print speed, temperature, and cooling settings based on material and design requirements.
This helps in achieving better quality and faster prints.
• Calibration and Maintenance: Regularly calibrate 3D printers to ensure accuracy and consistency
in prints. Maintain printers by cleaning nozzles, checking belts, and lubricating moving parts as
per manufacturer guidelines.
• Material Selection and Handling: Evaluate and select materials that balance cost, quality, and
print speed. Properly store and handle materials to prevent moisture absorption and ensure
filament quality.
• Quality Control and Testing: Implement quality control measures such as conducting test prints,
using calibration objects, and performing dimensional accuracy checks. Develop standardized
testing procedures to verify part integrity and functionality.
• Workflow Optimization: Streamline workflows by automating repetitive tasks using software
tools. Utilize batch processing for multiple prints and implement job scheduling to maximize
printer utilization.
• Post-Processing Efficiency: Improve post-processing techniques to reduce time and effort
required after printing. This includes optimizing support structures, sanding, painting, and other
finishing processes.
• Data-Driven Analysis: Collect and analyze data from printing processes to identify patterns,
trends, and areas for improvement. Use statistical process control (SPC) methods to monitor
variability and maintain consistency.
• Training and Skill Development: Train operators on best practices for 3D printing, including
troubleshooting common issues and optimizing settings. Encourage continuous learning and skill
development to adapt to new technologies and advancements.
• Feedback and Iterative Improvement: Solicit feedback from operators, engineers, and customers
to identify pain points and opportunities for enhancement. Implement iterative improvements
based on feedback to refine processes over time.
• Benchmarking and Industry Standards: Benchmark performance against industry standards and
competitors. Stay informed about new technologies and best practices through industry
publications, conferences, and networking.

By focusing on these methods, organizations can achieve continuous improvement in the efficiency and
repeatability of their 3D printing production methods, leading to better quality outputs and reduced
production costs over time.

182
 3D Printing Consultant

7.1.6.2 Define quality control limits/parameters to reduce the

variability in output
Quality control limits, often referred to as control limits or specification limits, are predefined boundaries
or thresholds used in statistical process control (SPC) to determine if a process is operating within
acceptable limits. These limits are established based on historical process data and represent the range
within which variations in the process are considered acceptable.
In 3D printing, controlling variability in output is crucial to ensuring consistent quality. Here are some
key parameters and limits commonly used for quality control in 3D printing:
• Layer Height: This parameter defines the thickness of each layer deposited during printing.
Setting tight limits on layer height helps maintain dimensional accuracy and surface finish.
• Printing Temperature: Controlling the extrusion temperature of the filament material is critical.
Upper and lower limits for temperature help prevent issues like under-extrusion or overheating,
which can affect print quality.
• Bed Temperature: The temperature of the print bed affects adhesion and warping. Setting specific
temperatures and tolerances helps ensure proper bed adhesion without causing warping or
curling of printed parts.
• Print Speed: Establishing limits on print speed helps maintain print quality and surface finish. Too
high a speed can lead to inaccuracies or poor layer adhesion, while too low a speed can
unnecessarily extend print times.
• Extrusion Rate: Controlling the rate at which filament is extruded ensures consistent flow and
layer bonding. Parameters such as extrusion multiplier or flow rate limits help adjust for filament
variability and maintain print quality.
• Print Environment: Temperature and humidity in the printing environment can impact print
quality. Setting environmental limits or using controlled environments like enclosures helps
maintain consistency.

Add in unit 7: 7.1.6.3: Complexity of various digital files and data portability is performed securely
Understanding the complexity of various digital files involves several key considerations to ensure
information security, integrity, interoperability, and data portability securely:
1. Information Security:
• Encryption: Utilize strong encryption methods (e.g., AES-256) to protect data both at rest
and in transit.
• Access Control: Implement strict access control policies and mechanisms to ensure only
authorized personnel can access sensitive information.
• Authentication and Authorization: Use multi-factor authentication (MFA) and role-based access
control (RBAC) to verify identities and limit privileges.

183
Participant Handbook

2. Information Integrity:
• Data Validation: Implement checks to ensure data accuracy and completeness during input,
processing, and output phases.
• Checksums and Hashing: Use checksums and hashing algorithms to verify data integrity during
transmission and storage.
• Version Control: Maintain version control to track changes and ensure the integrity of
files over time.

3. Information Interoperability:
• Standard Formats: Use standardized file formats (e.g., XML, JSON) and protocols (e.g., REST,
SOAP) to facilitate interoperability between different systems and platforms.
• APIs and Interfaces: Develop robust APIs and interfaces that adhere to industry standards to
enable seamless integration and data exchange.
• Data Mapping and Transformation: Ensure proper data mapping and transformation processes
to convert data into compatible formats without loss of integrity.

4. Data Portability:
• Data Formats: Store data in portable formats that are widely supported and easily transferrable
across different systems.
• Compliance with Standards: Adhere to data portability standards (e.g., GDPR, CCPA) to facilitate
users’ rights to access and transfer their data.
• Export and Import Capabilities: Provide users with easy-to-use export and import functionalities
to transfer their data securely.

organizations can enhance the security, integrity, interoperability, and portability of their digital files,
ensuring compliance with regulatory requirements and safeguarding sensitive information effectively.

7.1.6.4 Perform Root cause investigation (including RCAs and

CAPAs) as part of improving product quality
Root cause investigation, also known as root cause analysis (RCA), is a systematic process used to identify
the fundamental reasons for a problem or failure. The goal of RCA is to determine the underlying issues
that lead to an event or condition, so that effective corrective measures can be implemented to
prevent recurrence.
Performing root cause investigation (RCI) for product quality or performance issues due to design or
manufacturing failures involves several systematic steps:

184
 3D Printing Consultant

1. Define the Problem:

Clearly define the quality or performance issue observed in the product. This could be related to
functionality, durability, safety, or any other aspect as reported or observed.
2. Gather Information:
Collect all available data related to the issue. This includes:
• Customer complaints or feedback
• Quality inspection reports
• Manufacturing process records
• Design specifications and drawings
• Test results (if available)

3. Identify Potential Causes:

Using techniques like brainstorming or fishbone diagrams (Ishikawa), identify all potential causes that
could contribute to the observed issue. Categorize these causes into groups such as:
• Design-related causes: Errors or omissions in design specifications.
• Manufacturing-related causes: Process deviations, material defects, or equipment malfunctions.
• Human factors: Errors due to operator or staff actions.

4. Prioritize Causes:
Evaluate and prioritize potential causes based on their likelihood and impact on the observed issue.
Focus on causes that are most likely to have contributed significantly to the problem.
5. Conduct Root Cause Analysis (RCA):
For each prioritized cause, perform a detailed root cause analysis. Techniques like 5 Whys or fault tree
analysis can be used to systematically trace the cause back to its origin. The goal is to identify the
fundamental reason why the problem occurred.
6. Verify Root Cause:
Ensure that the identified root cause(s) are validated through evidence and data. This may involve
conducting additional tests, simulations, or experiments to confirm the findings.
7. Develop Corrective Actions (CAPAs):
Once the root cause(s) are identified and verified, develop specific corrective actions:
• Immediate actions: Address any urgent issues to mitigate immediate risks or impacts.
• Corrective actions: Develop long-term solutions to prevent recurrence of the issue. This could
involve design revisions, process improvements, training, or policy changes.

185
Participant Handbook

8. Implement CAPAs:
Implement the identified corrective actions within the relevant departments or processes. Assign
responsibilities and set timelines for implementation. Ensure that all stakeholders are informed and
trained as necessary.
By following these steps systematically, you can effectively identify and address product quality or
performance issues due to design or manufacturing failures, ensuring continuous improvement and
customer satisfaction.

7.1.6.5 Identify ways to automate processes for faster

production
Automating file format conversions across systems can significantly enhance productivity. Here are
several ways to achieve this:
• Batch Processing Scripts: Use scripting languages like Python, PowerShell, or Bash to write batch
processing scripts that automate file format conversions. These scripts can iterate through
directories, detect file formats, and convert them as required.
• Use of Automation Tools: Implement specialized automation tools like Zapier, Automate.io, or
Integrate that allow you to create workflows for file conversions based on triggers such as file
uploads, specific times, or API calls.
• Scheduled Tasks: Set up scheduled tasks on your operating system (e.g., Windows Task Scheduler
or cron jobs in Unix-like systems) to automatically run conversion scripts at specified intervals.
• API Integration: Utilize APIs provided by software applications to automate conversions. Many
software solutions offer APIs that allow you to programmatically convert files between formats.
• Cloud Services: Leverage cloud services such as AWS Lambda, Google Cloud Functions, or Azure
Functions to host and execute conversion scripts, taking advantage of scalability and reliability.
• Integration with CI/CD Pipelines: Incorporate file format conversion tasks into your Continuous
Integration/Continuous Deployment pipelines. This ensures that file conversions are automatically
triggered as part of your software development lifecycle.
• APIs or command-line interfaces (CLIs) that simplify integration into existing systems.

186
 3D Printing Consultant

Exercise
A. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ):
1. What is the primary goal of DfAM?

a) To reduce material costs

b) To increase production speed
c) To optimize designs for additive manufacturing processes
d) To minimize post-processing requirements

2. 2.Which of the following is a key benefit of using DfAM?

a) Reduced design flexibility b) Increased material waste

c) Improved product performance d) Higher production costs

3. How does DfAM contribute to sustainability?

a) By increasing material usage b) By reducing energy consumption

c) By decreasing design complexity d) By increasing waste generation

4. Which stage of the manufacturing process does DfAM primarily focus on?

a) Material selection b) Post-processing

c) Design d) Production

5. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of utilizing the DfAM framework?

a) Improved part performance

b) Reduced lead times
c) Increased complexity and cost of production
d) Enhanced design flexibility

6. Which tool is commonly used to identify potential problems before they occur?

A) Root Cause Analysis (RCA)

B) Corrective and Preventive Actions (CAPA)
C) Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA)
D) Control Charts

B. True/False
1. Vendor scorecards are primarily qualitative assessments of a vendor’s performance.
2. RFQ (Request for Quotation) is a method used to assess vendor pricing and capabilities.
3. Vendor audits are typically conducted after a contract is signed to ensure compliance.

187
Participant Handbook

4. Vendor surveys are mainly used to gather feedback on vendor performance

from stakeholders.
5. Benchmarking is a method that compares a vendor’s performance
against industry standards or best practices.

C. Fill in the blanks:

1. The integration of 3D printing with AR/VR enables ..........................................
2. AI-powered algorithms can enhance 3D printing by ..........................................
3. Combining 3D printing with AR/VR and AI can lead to ..........................................
4. The synergy between 3D printing, AR/VR, and AI is revolutionizing ..........................................
5. The future of manufacturing lies in the seamless integration of ..........................................

Scan the QR code or click on the link to watch related videos

https://youtu.be/keZuEaNcIbc?si=M-nhtJXZ124715qb

About Advanced 3D Printing process

188
 3D Printing Consultant

Notes

189
Participant Handbook

190
8. Workshops and
long terms
engagements to scale
up the awareness of
3D printing
technologies

Unit 8.1 - 3D Printing Sales, Marketing &Training

SSC/N8906
Participant Handbook

Key Learning Outcomes

At the end of the module, the participant will be able to:
1. Examine the business challenges commonly faced by organizations in 3D printing.
2. Explain how to identify 3D Printing -specific training needs for a sample organization
3. Describe the methods and popular tools/platforms for content development, campaigning,
pitches, and other marketing/ evangelizing activities.
4. Discuss the materials/artefacts required to support sales activities.
5. Discuss the training requirements of various business units in an organization
6. Determine 3D Printing technology implementation opportunity in a sample business case
7. List the ways to Create technical content for product sales and marketing activities.
8. Describe Develop supporting documents such as demonstration, presentation, videos,
whitepaper, etc
9. Discuss the Design interactive hackathon challenges and competitions to evangelize
product/solution
10. Discuss the Design training modules targeting the members of sample business units

192
 3D Printing Consultant

Unit 8.1 - 3D Printing Sales, Marketing &Training

Unit Objectives
At the end of the module, the participant will be able to:
1. Examine the business challenges commonly faced by organizations in 3D printing.
2. Explain how to identify 3D Printing -specific training needs for a sample organization
3. Describe the methods and popular tools/platforms for content development, campaigning,
pitches, and other marketing/ evangelizing activities.
4. Discuss the materials/artefacts required to support sales activities.
5. Discuss the training requirements of various business units in an organization
6. Determine 3D Printing technology implementation opportunity in a sample business case
7. List the ways to Create technical content for product sales and marketing activities.
8. Describe Develop supporting documents such as demonstration, presentation, videos,
whitepaper, etc.
9. Discuss the Design interactive hackathon challenges and competitions to evangelize
product/solution
10. Discuss the Design training modules targeting the members of sample business units

8.1.1 Business challenges commonly

faced by organizations in 3D printing
Organizations in 3D printing face several common business challenges that can impact their operations
and growth. Some of these challenges include:

1. High Initial Costs: The cost of 3D printing equipment, materials, and software can be significant,
especially for smaller organizations or startups.
2. Material Limitations: Limited availability and high cost of specialized materials can restrict the
range of products that can be produced.
3. Post-Processing Requirements: Many 3D-printed parts require post-processing such as cleaning,
curing, or surface finishing, which adds time and cost to the production process.
4. Quality Control: Ensuring consistent quality across 3D-printed parts can be challenging due to
factors such as material variations, printing parameters, and equipment calibration.
5. Intellectual Property Concerns: 3D printing makes it easier to replicate and distribute products,
raising concerns about intellectual property rights and counterfeiting.

193
Participant Handbook

6. Regulatory Compliance: Meeting regulatory requirements for certain industries, such as

healthcare or aerospace, can be complex due to the need for certification and validation.
7. Skill Shortages: Finding and retaining skilled personnel with expertise in 3D printing technologies
and processes can be difficult.
8. Scalability: Scaling up production to meet increasing demand can be challenging, especially for
organizations with limited resources or infrastructure.
9. Design Complexity: Designing parts for 3D printing requires specific skills and knowledge to
optimize for the technology, which may not always be readily available.
10. Market Competition: The 3D printing market is competitive, with many players offering similar
products and services, making it challenging to differentiate and capture market share.

8.1.1.1 Strategies to Scaleup thought leadership

Workshops focused on 3D printing are essential for various reasons. Firstly, they provide hands-on
experience and practical knowledge that are crucial for mastering the technology. Participants can
learn about the entire process from designing 3D models to calibrating printers and post-processing
finished prints. Workshops also foster innovation by encouraging participants to explore new design
possibilities and applications of 3D printing across various industries, from manufacturing to healthcare
and education. Engaging in thought leadership activities may significantly enhance your workshop’s
reputation and reach. Here are some strategies to scale up through thought leadership:
• Publishing Insights: Share your expertise through blogs, articles, or whitepapers on platforms
relevant to your industry. Focus on addressing current challenges, sharing insights, and proposing
innovative solutions.
• Speaking Engagements: Participate in conferences, webinars, and workshops as a speaker. Offer
valuable insights, case studies, and practical tips that demonstrate your expertise and
thought leadership.
• Networking: Build relationships with influencers, industry leaders, and potential collaborators.
Engage in discussions, share your perspectives, and seek opportunities for collaboration and
knowledge exchange.
• Social Media Presence: Leverage platforms like LinkedIn, Twitter, and professional groups to
share thought-provoking content. Engage with your audience by responding to comments and
participating in relevant discussions.
• Offer Workshops and Training: Host workshops or training sessions that showcase your expertise.
Use these opportunities to establish yourself as a knowledgeable resource and build credibility
among participants.
• Collaborate on Research or Projects: Partner with universities, research institutions, or other
organizations on projects or research papers. Collaborative efforts can enhance your credibility
and visibility within your industry.

194
 3D Printing Consultant

Continuous Learning and Innovation: Stay updated with the latest trends, technologies, and best
practices in your industry. Incorporate new insights into your workshops and thought leadership activities
to maintain relevance and attract a broader audience.
By actively engaging in these thought leadership activities, you can effectively scale up your workshop’s
influence and attract a wider audience interested in your expertise and insights.

8.1.1.2 Provide subject matter expertise in analysing and

solving strategic, operational and technical problems
Analysing and solving strategic, operational, and technical problems requires a systematic approach
and a blend of skills across various domains. Here’s how you can approach each type of problem:

1. Strategic Problems:
• Understanding the Context: Begin by thoroughly understanding the strategic goals and the
environment in which the organization operates.
• Analysis of Data and Trends: Analyze market trends, competitor actions, and internal capabilities
to identify strategic gaps or opportunities.
• SWOT Analysis: Conduct a SWOT analysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats) to
assess the current strategic position.
• Scenario Planning: Develop scenarios to anticipate potential future developments and their
impacts on strategic objectives.
• Decision Making: Provide insights and recommendations based on strategic priorities, ensuring
alignment with long-term goals.

2. Operational Problems:
• Root Cause Analysis: Identify the underlying causes of operational issues through techniques like
Ishikawa (Fishbone) diagrams or 5 Whys analysis.
• Process Mapping: Map out existing processes to pinpoint inefficiencies, bottlenecks, or areas
prone to errors.
• Performance Metrics: Analyze key performance indicators (KPIs) to gauge operational
performance and identify deviations from targets.
• Lean Six Sigma: Apply Lean Six Sigma principles to streamline processes and improve
operational efficiency.
• Change Management: Implement changes effectively, considering impacts on people, processes,
and technology.

195
Participant Handbook

3. Technical Problems:
• Problem Identification: Clearly define the technical problem and its scope, ensuring all relevant
details are captured.
• Technical Expertise: Leverage subject matter experts and technical specialists to understand the
intricacies of the problem.
• Troubleshooting Techniques: Use systematic troubleshooting methods to isolate the root cause,
such as fault tree analysis or failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA).
• Testing and Validation: Conduct rigorous testing and validation to verify potential solutions and
ensure they meet technical requirements.
• Continuous Improvement: Implement continuous improvement practices to prevent recurrence
of technical issues.

8.1.2 Identify 3D Printing -specific

training needs for a sample organization
Identifying 3D printing-specific training needs for a sample organization involves several key steps to
ensure that the training provided is effective and aligns with the organization’s goals and requirements.
Here’s a general approach:

1. Assessment of Current Skills and Knowledge: Begin by assessing the current skill level and
knowledge of employees regarding 3D printing. This can be done through surveys, interviews,
or evaluations.
2. Identify Training Goals: Determine the specific goals and objectives you want to achieve with the
training. This could include improving overall knowledge of 3D printing, mastering specific
software, or understanding advanced printing techniques.
3. Identify Skill Gaps: Compare the current skills and knowledge of employees with the desired
skills and knowledge required for their roles. Identify the gaps that need to be addressed
through training.
4. Training Content: Based on the identified skill gaps, develop a list of topics and areas that need to
be covered in the training. This could include software training, material science, design principles,
and safety protocols.
5. Training Methods: Choose the most effective training methods based on the organization’s needs
and resources. This could include online courses, in-person workshops, hands-on training, or a
combination of these.
6. Budget and Resources: Determine the budget and resources available for training. This will help
you decide the scope and scale of the training program.
7. Training Delivery: Decide on the delivery method for the training. This could be through internal
trainers, external experts, or online platforms.

196
 3D Printing Consultant

8. Evaluation Plan: Develop a plan to evaluate the effectiveness of the training. This could include
pre and post-training assessments, feedback surveys, or tracking the application of new skills
in the workplace.
9. Continuous Improvement: 3D printing technology is constantly evolving, so it’s important to
have a plan for ongoing training and skill development to keep up with the latest trends
and techniques.

By following these steps, you can effectively identify 3D printing-specific training needs for a sample
organization and develop a training program that meets those needs.

8.1.3 Methods and popular tools/platforms for

content development, campaigning, pitches,
and other marketing/ evangelizing activities
Content development, campaigning, pitches, and other marketing/evangelizing activities are crucial
for promoting products, services, or ideas. Here are some methods and popular tools/platforms used
in these activities:

1. Content Development:
• Content Strategy: Define goals, target audience, and key messages.
• Content Creation: Develop engaging and relevant content (articles, videos, infographics, etc.).
• Content Optimization: Use SEO techniques to improve visibility and reach.
• Content Distribution: Share content on various platforms (website, social media, email
newsletters, etc.).
• Content Performance Analysis: Measure the effectiveness of content using analytics tools
(Google Analytics, SEMrush, etc.).

2. Campaigning:
• Email Marketing: Use tools like Mailchimp, SendGrid, or HubSpot for email campaigns.
• Social Media Marketing: Utilize platforms like Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn, and Instagram for
targeted campaigns.
• Pay-Per-Click (PPC) Advertising: Use Google Ads, Bing Ads, or social media ads for
targeted advertising.
• Influencer Marketing: Collaborate with influencers to promote products or services to
their audience.

3. Pitches:
• Presentation Tools: Use tools like PowerPoint, Keynote, or Google Slides for creating
compelling presentations.

197
Participant Handbook

• Pitch Decks: Create visually appealing pitch decks to showcase ideas, products, or services.
• Pitch Practice: Practice delivering pitches to ensure clarity, confidence, and effectiveness.

4. Other Marketing/Evangelizing Activities:

• Webinars/Workshops: Host online seminars or workshops to educate and engage
with your audience.
• Podcasts: Create podcasts to share insights, interviews, or discussions related to your industry.
• Content Syndication: Distribute content through third-party platforms to reach a
wider audience.

5. Popular Tools/Platforms:
• HubSpot: All-in-one inbound marketing platform for content creation, marketing
campaigns, and analytics.
• WordPress: Popular content management system for creating and managing websites and blogs.
• Canva: Graphic design tool for creating visually appealing graphics, presentations, and
social media posts.
• Hootsuite: Social media management platform for scheduling posts, monitoring conversations,
and analyzing performance.
• Google Analytics: Web analytics tool for tracking website traffic, user behavior, and conversions.
• Mailchimp: Email marketing platform for creating, sending, and analyzing email campaigns.

These methods and tools can help streamline your content development, campaigning, pitches, and
other marketing/evangelizing activities, leading to more effective communication and engagement
with your audience.

8.1.4 Materials/artefacts required

to support sales activities.
To support sales activities, various materials and artifacts are typically required. Here’s an outline of
some common ones:

1. Sales Collateral: Brochures, flyers, and catalogs detailing products or services.

2. Presentation Materials: PowerPoint slides, product demos, and videos for sales pitches.
3. Samples: Physical samples or prototypes of products.
4. Product Documentation: User manuals, spec sheets, and technical documents.
5. Customer Testimonials: Quotes, case studies, or videos showcasing satisfied customers.
6. Sales Scripts: Guidelines or scripts for sales calls or interactions.
7. Price Lists and Quotations: Pricing information and quotes for products or services.

198
 3D Printing Consultant

8. Contracts and Agreements: Standard contracts or agreements for sales transactions.

9. Business Cards: Contact information for sales representatives.
10. Sales Reports: Data and analysis on sales performance and trends.
11. Promotional Items: Branded merchandise like pens, notepads, or USB drives.
12. Training Materials: Guides or courses for sales staff to improve their skills.
13. CRM Software: Customer Relationship Management software to track interactions
and manage leads.
14. Order Forms: Forms for customers to place orders.
15. Shipping and Delivery Information: Details on shipping options and delivery timescales.
16. Post-sale Support Information: Information on warranties, returns, and customer support.

These materials and artifacts help sales teams effectively communicate with customers, showcase
products or services, and close deals.

8.1.5 Training requirements of various

business units in an organization
Training requirements for various business units within an organization can vary widely based on the
specific functions and needs of each unit. Here’s a general outline of training requirements for common
business units:

1. Sales and Marketing:

• Product knowledge: Understanding the features, benefits, and unique selling points of
products/services.
• Sales techniques: Learning effective sales strategies, negotiation skills, and customer
relationship management.
• Marketing strategies: Understanding digital marketing, social media, and branding principles.
• CRM tools: Training on Customer Relationship Management (CRM) software.

2. Customer Service:
• Communication skills: Effective verbal and written communication with customers.
• Conflict resolution: Techniques for handling customer complaints and resolving conflicts.
• Product/service knowledge: Understanding the organization’s offerings to assist
customers effectively.
• Empathy training: Understanding and empathizing with customer needs and concerns.

3. Finance and Accounting:

• Financial principles: Understanding financial statements, budgeting, and financial analysis.

199
Participant Handbook

• Accounting software: Training on accounting software for record-keeping and

financial reporting.
• Compliance and regulations: Understanding relevant laws and regulations in finance
and accounting.

4. Human Resources:
• Recruitment and hiring: Training on effective recruitment and interviewing techniques.
• Employee relations: Understanding employee rights, conflict resolution, and
performance management.
• HR policies: Familiarity with company policies and procedures related to employee
benefits, leaves, etc.

5. Operations and Logistics:

• Supply chain management: Understanding the flow of goods and services from
supplier to customer.
• Inventory management: Techniques for managing inventory levels and optimizing supply chains.
• Quality control: Training on ensuring product/service quality and compliance with standards.

6. IT and Technology:
• Technical skills: Training on specific technologies and tools used within the organization.
• Cybersecurity: Understanding cybersecurity threats and best practices for data protection.
• System maintenance: Training on maintaining and troubleshooting IT systems and networks.

7. Management and Leadership:

• Leadership skills: Training on effective leadership, decision-making, and team management.
• Strategic planning: Understanding organizational goals and developing strategies
to achieve them.
• Performance management: Techniques for managing and evaluating employee performance.

8. Legal and Compliance:

• Regulatory compliance: Training on laws and regulations relevant to the organization’s industry.
• Contract management: Understanding contract terms and negotiation strategies.
• Risk management: Training on identifying and mitigating legal and compliance risks.

These are general training requirements and may vary based on the specific needs and objectives of each
organization and its business units.

200
 3D Printing Consultant

8.1.6 3D Printing technology implementation

opportunity in a sample business case and
assess the challenges associated with it
Implementing 3D printing technology can offer various benefits to businesses, such as reduced lead
times, cost savings, and customization options. To determine the implementation opportunity in a
sample business case, consider the following steps:

1. Assess Current Processes and Needs: Understand the current manufacturing or prototyping
processes and identify areas where 3D printing could add value, such as rapid prototyping,
tooling, or customization.
2. Cost-Benefit Analysis: Conduct a cost-benefit analysis to compare the costs of implementing 3D
printing technology with the potential savings and benefits it could bring. Consider factors like
material costs, equipment costs, labor savings, and time-to-market improvements.
3. Technology Assessment: Evaluate different 3D printing technologies (e.g., FDM, SLA, SLS) to
determine which would be most suitable for the business case based on factors like material
compatibility, resolution, and speed.
4. Resource and Skill Assessment: Determine if the organization has the necessary resources and
skills to implement and operate 3D printing technology. This includes personnel trained in CAD
design, 3D printing operations, and maintenance.
5. Regulatory and Compliance Considerations: Assess regulatory requirements and industry
standards that may impact the implementation of 3D printing technology, such as quality control
and safety regulations.
6. Risk Assessment: Identify potential risks associated with implementing 3D printing technology,
such as reliability issues, intellectual property concerns, and supply chain disruptions.
7. Market Analysis: Analyze the market to understand the demand for products/services that could
be produced using 3D printing technology and assess the competitive landscape.

Challenges associated with implementing 3D printing technology may include:

1. High Initial Investment: Acquiring 3D printing equipment and setting up the
infrastructure can be costly.
2. Material Limitations: Some 3D printing technologies have limitations in terms of the range of
materials that can be used, which may restrict the types of products that can be produced.
3. Quality Control: Ensuring consistent quality across printed parts can be challenging, especially
when using different printers or materials.
4. Intellectual Property Concerns: There may be risks of intellectual property theft or infringement,
especially when outsourcing 3D printing services.
5. Regulatory Compliance: Meeting regulatory requirements for 3D printed products, especially in
industries like healthcare or aerospace, can be complex.
6. Skills Gap: There may be a shortage of skilled professionals who can operate and maintain 3D
printing equipment.

201
Participant Handbook

Overall, a thorough assessment of the business case, including potential benefits, costs, risks, and
challenges, is essential for determining the feasibility of implementing 3D printing technology in a
specific scenario.

8.1.7 Create technical content for

product sales and marketing activities
Creating technical content for product sales and marketing activities involves effectively communicating
the features, benefits, and unique selling points of a product to potential customers. Here’s a general
outline you can follow:

1. Product Overview:
• Brief description of the product.
• Key features and functionalities.

2. Target Audience:
• Define the target market and audience for the product.
• Explain how the product addresses their needs or pain points.

3. Unique Selling Proposition (USP):

• Highlight what sets the product apart from competitors.
• Emphasize the benefits and advantages of choosing this product.

4. Technical Specifications:
• Provide detailed technical specifications of the product.
• Include information such as dimensions, weight, materials, etc.

5. Use Cases:
• Describe real-world scenarios where the product can be used.
• Showcase the versatility and adaptability of the product.

6. Customer Testimonials:
• Include testimonials from satisfied customers, if available.
• Use quotes to reinforce the benefits and credibility of the product.

7. Visuals:
• Use high-quality images, videos, or infographics to visually represent the product.
• Show the product in action or highlight its key features visually.

202
 3D Printing Consultant

8. How-To Guides or Tutorials:

• Provide step-by-step guides on how to use the product.
• Include tips and tricks to maximize the product’s effectiveness.

9. FAQs:
• Address common questions or concerns that customers may have.
• Provide clear and concise answers to help customers make informed decisions.

10. Contact Information and Call to Action (CTA):

• Provide contact details for sales inquiries or customer support.
• Include a clear CTA for customers to take the next step, such as making a purchase or
requesting a demo.

Remember to tailor the content to suit the specific product and audience, and use a tone and style that
resonate with your target market.

8.1.8 Develop supporting documents such as

demonstration, presentation, videos, whitepaper,
etc. that aid in sales and marketing activities
Creating supporting documents like demonstrations, presentations, videos, and whitepapers can
significantly enhance your sales and marketing activities. Here’s a brief overview of each:

1. Demonstrations: Live demonstrations can showcase the features and benefits of your product or
service. They help potential customers understand how your offering solves their problems or
meets their needs.
2. Presentations: Presentations are effective for pitching your product or service to potential clients
or investors. They should be visually appealing, concise, and highlight key benefits and features.
3. Videos: Videos can be used to demonstrate product features, customer testimonials, or to provide
educational content related to your industry. They are engaging and can be shared on various
platforms to reach a wider audience.
4. Whitepapers: Whitepapers are authoritative reports or guides that inform readers about a
complex issue, product, or service. They can help establish your company as a thought leader in
your industry and generate leads.

When developing these documents, consider your target audience, the message you want to convey, and
the platform where they will be shared. Make sure the content is clear, concise, and aligned with your
brand messaging.

203
Participant Handbook

8.1.8.1 Conduct demonstrations of product/solutions to

generate awareness of advantages of 3dp technologies
Conducting demonstrations of 3D printing technologies to showcase their advantages involves several
key steps to effectively communicate the benefits to your audience. Here’s a structured approach
you can consider:
• Clearly outline what you aim to achieve with each demonstration. Whether it’s highlighting
specific features, applications, or benefits of 3D printing, having clear objectives helps in planning.
• Choose 3D printed objects or parts that exemplify the advantages you want to showcase. These
could include prototypes, custom designs, functional parts, or artistic creations.
• Ensure all necessary materials for the demonstration are ready. This includes the 3D printer,
filaments or materials used, any tools or accessories needed, and safety equipment.
• Create a conducive environment for the demonstration. Ensure good lighting, a clear workspace,
and easy visibility for the audience. Consider using screens or projectors if detailed
views are necessary.
• Begin by explaining the basics of 3D printing—how it works, types of printers (FDM, SLA, etc.),
materials used, and the typical workflow from design to final product.
• Start the 3D printing process, explaining each step as you go. Highlight key features like layer-by-
layer printing, precision, and customization capabilities.
• After the demonstration, follow up with attendees to gather feedback, answer additional
questions, or provide further information as needed.

8.1.8.2 Conduct workshops, write whitepapers and

participate in seminars to create awareness
That sounds like a great initiative to promote awareness and highlight advancements in 3D printing
technologies! Here are some steps you could consider:
• Workshops: Organize workshops where you can demonstrate different aspects of 3D printing,
from basic concepts to advanced techniques. This hands-on approach can engage participants
and help them understand the technology better.
• Whitepapers: Write whitepapers that delve into specific advancements in 3D printing, such as
new materials, printing techniques, applications in various industries, or sustainability aspects.
These papers can be shared with industry peers and professionals to spark discussions and
further research.
• Seminars: Participate in seminars or conferences related to manufacturing, engineering, or
technology, where you can present your findings or insights on 3D printing. This platform allows
you to reach a broader audience and exchange ideas with experts in the field.

204
 3D Printing Consultant

• Collaborations: Collaborate with universities, research institutions, or industry partners who are
also interested in 3D printing. Joint efforts can lead to innovative projects, shared resources, and
a stronger impact on the community.
• Online Presence: Utilize online platforms to share your knowledge, such as blogs, webinars, or
social media. This can attract a global audience and facilitate discussions beyond physical
workshops and seminars.

By combining these approaches, you can effectively contribute to creating awareness and fostering
discussions on advancements in 3D printing technologies.

8.1.9 Design interactive hackathon challenges

and competitions to evangelize product/solution
Designing interactive hackathon challenges and competitions can be a great way to evangelize a
product or solution. Here are some steps you can take to create engaging and effective hackathons:

1. Define the Objective: Clearly define the objective of the hackathon. Is it to showcase the
capabilities of your product, solve a specific problem, or encourage innovation in a particular area?
2. Identify the Target Audience: Determine who you want to participate in the hackathon. Are they
developers, designers, or a mix of both? Understanding your audience will help you tailor the
challenges accordingly.
3. Create Engaging Challenges: Develop challenges that are relevant, interesting, and showcase the
capabilities of your product or solution. Consider incorporating real-world problems that
participants can relate to.
4. Provide Resources and Support: Offer participants the resources they need to succeed, such as
access to APIs, documentation, and mentorship. This will help them understand your product
better and create innovative solutions.
5. Set Clear Guidelines and Rules: Clearly define the rules of the hackathon, including the timeline,
judging criteria, and submission guidelines. This will ensure a fair and transparent competition.
6. Promote the Hackathon: Use various channels to promote the hackathon, such as social media,
newsletters, and targeted advertising. Encourage participants to spread the word and invite
their peers to join.
7. Offer Prizes and Incentives: Provide attractive prizes and incentives to motivate participants. This
could include cash prizes, product giveaways, or opportunities for further collaboration.
8. Facilitate Collaboration and Networking: Create opportunities for participants to collaborate and
network with each other and with your team. This could include online forums, networking
events, and virtual meetups.

205
Participant Handbook

9. Evaluate and Iterate: After the hackathon, evaluate the results and gather feedback from
participants. Use this information to improve future hackathons and refine your product or solution.

By following these steps, you can design interactive hackathon challenges and competitions that
effectively evangelize your product or solution and engage your target audience.

8.1.9.1 Develop suitable user training

sessions for the customers to enable
them to understand the product/solution
Developing suitable user training sessions for customers involves several key steps:

1. Assessing User Needs: Understand the level of expertise and specific requirements of the users.
This can vary based on their roles, experience, and familiarity with similar products.
2. Setting Objectives: Define clear learning objectives for the training sessions. These objectives
should align with the goals of the users and the expected outcomes from using the product/solution.
3. Designing Training Material: Create training material that is easy to understand and relevant to
the users’ needs. This can include user manuals, videos, presentations, and hands-on exercises.
4. Selecting Training Methods: Choose appropriate training methods based on the content and the
audience. This can include instructor-led training, self-paced learning modules,
webinars, and workshops.
5. Scheduling and Logistics: Plan the training sessions according to the users’ availability and
convenience. Ensure that the necessary logistics, such as venue, equipment, and
materials, are in place.
6. Conducting Training Sessions: Deliver the training sessions in an engaging and interactive manner.
Encourage participation and address any questions or concerns raised by the users.
7. Evaluating Training Effectiveness: Gather feedback from the users to assess the effectiveness of
the training sessions. Use this feedback to make improvements for future training sessions.
8. Providing Ongoing Support: Offer continued support to the users after the training sessions to
help them apply their learning effectively. This can include access to helpdesk support, online
resources, and user communities.

By following these steps, you can develop user training sessions that are effective in enabling customers
to understand and utilize your product/solution.

206
 3D Printing Consultant

8.1.10 Design training modules targeting

the members of sample business units
Designing training modules for specific business units requires a tailored approach to address their
unique needs and challenges. Here’s a general outline to get you started:

1. Assess Needs: Conduct a needs assessment to understand the current skill levels, knowledge
gaps, and training requirements of the target business units.
2. Define Objectives: Clearly define the learning objectives of the training modules, ensuring they
align with the business goals and the specific needs of the business units.
3. Content Development: Develop content that is relevant, engaging, and practical. Include real-life
examples and case studies that resonate with the participants.
4. Instructional Design: Use instructional design principles to structure the training modules
effectively. Consider the use of multimedia, interactive elements, and hands-on activities to
enhance learning.
5. Delivery Method: Choose the most suitable delivery method for the training, such as instructor-
led training, e-learning modules, workshops, or a blend of these approaches.
6. Assessment and Feedback: Include assessments to measure the effectiveness of the training.
Provide feedback to participants to help them improve their understanding and application
of the concepts.
7. Implementation and Monitoring: Implement the training modules and monitor the progress of
the participants. Make adjustments to the training as necessary based on feedback
and performance.
8. Evaluation: Evaluate the effectiveness of the training modules against the predefined objectives.
Use this feedback to continuously improve the training content and delivery.
9. Feedback Loop: Establish a feedback loop with the business units to gather input on the
effectiveness of the training and identify any additional training needs.
10. Continuous Improvement: Continuously update and improve the training modules based on
feedback, changing business needs, and emerging trends in the industry.

207
Participant Handbook

Exercise
A. Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ):
1. What is a common challenge faced by organizations in 3D printing related to materials?

a) Limited availability of materials b) High cost of materials

c) Difficulty in storing materials d) All of the above

2. Which of the following is a common business challenge in 3D printing related to technology?

a) Limited software options b) Slow printing speeds

c) Lack of skilled operators d) All of the above

3. What is a common challenge faced by organizations in 3D printing related to quality control?

a) Inconsistent print quality b) Difficulty in measuring accuracy

c) Lack of standardized testing methods d) All of the above

4. Which of the following is a common business challenge in 3D printing related to scalability?

a) Limited production capacity b) Difficulty in scaling production

c) High initial setup costs d) All of the above

5. What is a common challenge faced by organizations in 3D printing related to intellectual

property (IP) protection?

a) Difficulty in securing patents b) Risk of unauthorized duplication

c) Lack of legal frameworks d) All of the above

B. Fill in the blanks:

1. Develop supporting documents such as demonstration, presentation, videos, ..............................
............, etc.
2. Develop supporting documents such as demonstration, presentation, videos, whitepaper, ..........
.................................
3. Implement the training modules and .......................................... the progress of the participants.
4. Presentations are effective for pitching your product or service to potential ..........................
.................
5. Encourage to spread the word and .......................................... invite their peers to join.

208
 3D Printing Consultant

Notes

Scan the QR code or click on the link to watch related videos

https://youtu.be/o0myrrIJl_k?si=CsGOt-WNaoy_At4J

About 3D Printing Technology

209
Participant Handbook

Notes

210
 3D Printing Consultant

Notes

211
Participant Handbook

212
9. I nclusive and
Environmentally
Sustainable
Workplaces
Unit 9.1 - Sustainable Practices in the Workplace
Unit 9.2 - Diversity and Equity Promotion Strategies in the Workplace

SSC/N9014
Participant Handbook

Key Learning Outcomes

At the end of this module, participants will be able to:
1. Discuss the sustainable practices in the workplace.
2. Explain strategies for respecting diversity and strengthening practices to promote equity
and inclusivity.
3. Demonstrate methods for improving diversity, equality, and inclusion in an environmentally
sustainable workplace.

214
 3D Printing Consultant

Unit 9.1 - Sustainable Practices in the Workplace

Unit Objectives
At the end of this unit, participants will be able to:
1. Describe different approaches for efficient energy resource utilisation and waste management.
2. Practice the segregation of recyclable, non-recyclable and hazardous waste generated.
3. Demonstrate different methods of energy resource use optimization and conservation.

9.1.1 Sustainability
Sustainability is the equilibrium among the environment, equity, and economy. In 1987, the Brundtland
Commission of the United Nations characterized sustainability as “addressing the requirements of the
current generation without jeopardizing the capacity of succeeding generations to fulfill their
own necessities.”
Sustainability is a concept comprised of three interconnected pillars, each playing a vital role in achieving
a harmonious and balanced system. These three pillars collectively form the foundation for sustainable
development, ensuring that actions and decisions consider the broader impact on our planet and
future generations.

Fig. 9.1.1 Three Pillars of Sustainability

The pillars of sustainability are:
• Economy: This pillar emphasizes the importance of economic activities that promote long-term
prosperity without compromising the well-being of current and future generations.
• Society: The social pillar focuses on fostering equity, inclusivity, and social well-being. Sustainable
practices in this realm prioritize fair and just societies, where all individuals have equal access to
resources, opportunities, and basic needs.
• Environment: The environmental pillar underscores the necessity of preserving and protecting
the natural world. Sustainable environmental practices aim to minimize negative impacts on
ecosystems, biodiversity, and natural resources.

215
Participant Handbook

9.1.2 Sustainable Practices

Sustainable practices at the workplace refer to the adoption of environmentally and socially responsible
strategies and behaviours by organizations to ensure long-term viability, minimize negative impacts, and
contribute positively to the well-being of the environment, society, and the economy.

Components of Sustainable Practices at Workplace

Energy Efficiency: • Adoption of energy-efficient technologies.

• Implementation of practices to reduce energy consumption.
• Integration of renewable energy sources.

Waste Reduction • Establishment of waste reduction initiatives.

and Recycling: • Implementation of recycling programs for various materials.
• Proper disposal of hazardous waste.

Sustainable • Selection of suppliers based on sustainable practices.

Procurement: • Consideration of the environmental and social impact of
products and materials.
• Integration of ethical sourcing in procurement processes.

Environmental • Conservation of water resources through responsible usage.

Conservation: • Preservation of natural habitats and biodiversity.
• Implementation of landscaping practices that promote ecological health.

SocialResponsibility: • Fair and ethical treatment of employees.

• Promotion of diversity and inclusion in the workplace.
• Community engagement and support for local initiatives.
• Ensuring health and safety standards for employees.

Green Building and • Design and construction of environmentally friendly buildings.

Infrastructure: • Integration of energy-efficient systems in infrastructure.
• Implementation of sustainable landscaping and outdoor spaces.

Sustainable • Promotion of eco-friendly commuting options for employees.

Transportation: • Adoption of green transportation practices.
• Provision of facilities for bicycle commuting or electric vehicle charging.

Sustainable Supply • Assessment and selection of suppliers based on sustainability criteria.

Chain Management: • Implementation of traceability and transparency in the supply chain.
• Efforts to minimize the carbon footprint in logistics and transportation.

216
 3D Printing Consultant

Employee • Training programs on sustainable practices and corporate

Engagement and sustainability goals.
Education: • Encouragement of employee participation in sustainability initiatives.

Regulatory • Adherence to environmental and social regulations.

Compliance: • Monitoring and reporting on sustainability performance.
• Continuous adjustment of practices to meet evolving
regulatory standards.
Fig. 9.1.2 Sustainable Practices at Workplace

9.1.3 Efficient Energy Resource Utilisation

Energy resource utilization and conservation refers to the practice of efficiently utilizing and preserving
energy sources to minimize waste, reduce environmental impact, and promote sustainability. This
involves adopting measures and strategies to optimize energy use across various sectors.

Fig. 9.1.3 Efficient Energy Resource Utilisation

The different approaches for efficient energy resource utilization and conservation are:

1. Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI): Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) is a

sophisticated system of smart meters, communication networks, and data management systems
designed to modernize and enhance the functionality of traditional utility metering. AMI enables
the collection, analysis, and communication of detailed energy consumption data in real-time,
offering numerous advantages over conventional metering systems.
2. Energy Management Systems (EMS): Energy Management Systems (EMS) are comprehensive
software and hardware solutions designed to monitor, control, and optimize energy consumption
within various environments. EMS plays a crucial role in enhancing energy efficiency, reducing
costs, and supporting sustainability initiatives.

217
Participant Handbook

3. Energy Audits: Energy audits are systematic assessments of energy usage and efficiency within a
facility, building, or industrial process. The primary goal is to identify opportunities for energy
conservation, cost savings, and overall improvement in energy performance.
4. Energy-Efficient Lighting: Energy-efficient lighting refers to the use of lighting technologies and
strategies that minimize energy consumption while maintaining or improving the quality of
illumination. This approach is crucial for reducing electricity costs, enhancing sustainability, and
mitigating environmental impacts.
5. Green Building Certifications: Green Building Certifications offer a comprehensive framework to
advocate for environmentally responsible and sustainable practices in both the construction and
operation of buildings. One prominent certification is LEED (Leadership in Energy and
Environmental Design), setting the standard for environmentally friendly building design.
6. Combined Heat and Power (CHP) Systems: Combined Heat and Power (CHP) systems, also
denoted to as co-generation, represent integrated energy systems that produce electricity and
valuable thermal energy from a single fuel source. This approach significantly enhances overall
energy efficiency equated to the separate production of electricity and thermal energy.
7. Energy-Efficient HVAC Systems: Energy-efficient Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC)
systems play a essential role in elevating building sustainability and promoting energy conservation.
These systems incorporate advanced technologies and features prioritizing energy efficiency,
resulting in decreased energy consumption and operational costs.

9.1.4 Waste Management

Waste management denotes to the collection, transportation, treatment, and disposal of waste materials
in a way that protects human health and the environment. In the workplace context, it encompasses
everything from recycling paper to composting food scraps to responsibly disposing of electronic equipment.

Fig. 9.1.4 Waste Disposal

218
 3D Printing Consultant

Importance of Waste Management

1. Environmental Conservation:
• Reducing waste generation and promoting recycling contribute to the conservation of
precious resources.
• Minimizing landfill usage helps mitigate environmental degradation and combat
climate change.

2. Employee Health and Well-being:

• A clean and organized work environment, facilitated by effective waste management, fosters
a sense of well-being among employees.
• Proper waste disposal reduces health hazards associated with unmanaged waste, contributing
to a healthier workplace.

3. Cost Savings:
• Implementation of efficient waste management systems results in significant reductions in
waste disposal costs.
• Recycling programs can potentially unlock revenue streams, offering financial benefits
to organizations.

4. Brand Reputation:
• Demonstrating a commitment to sustainability, including effective waste management,
enhances a company’s image.
• A positive corporate image attracts eco-conscious clients and employees, bolstering the
brand’s reputation in the market.

9.1.5 Steps to Manage Waste

Waste management denotes to the collection, transportation, treatment, and disposal of waste materials
in a way that protects human health and the environment. In the workplace context, it encompasses
everything from recycling paper to composting food scraps to responsibly disposing of electronic equipment.

Fig. 9.1.5 Waste Disposal Process

1. Identify Wastes:

The initial step in effective waste management involves a comprehensive identification of the
various types of wastes generated within a given system or organization. This process necessitates

219
Participant Handbook

a thorough understanding of the waste stream, encompassing both solid and potentially
hazardous materials. By categorizing and cataloging the different types of wastes produced,
organizations can establish a foundational understanding of the scope and nature of their
waste generation.
Identification also involves identifying sources, patterns, and potential environmental impacts.
This step is critical in laying the groundwork for subsequent waste management actions, enabling
organizations to tailor strategies that address the specific composition and characteristics of their
generated wastes.

2. Evaluate Waste:

Once wastes are identified, the next step involves a detailed evaluation of their properties, risks,
and potential for resource recovery. This evaluation encompasses assessing the composition of
the waste stream, distinguishing between recyclable, non-recyclable, and hazardous materials.
Evaluation also involves considering the environmental impact of various waste management
methods. For instance, determining whether incineration, recycling, or landfill disposal is the
most environmentally sustainable option involves a comprehensive evaluation of factors such as
energy consumption, emissions, and long-term ecological effects.
Risk assessments associated with hazardous wastes are crucial during this step. Understanding
the potential harm posed by certain materials guides the implementation of safe handling and
disposal practices.

3. Manage Wastes:

Armed with a thorough understanding of identified wastes and their evaluations, organizations
can then implement tailored waste management strategies. This involves the development and
implementation of systems for waste reduction, recycling, proper disposal, and, where applicable,
resource recovery.
Waste management strategies may include the establishment of recycling programs, the adoption
of sustainable packaging practices, and the implementation of efficient disposal methods that
minimize environmental impact. Regulatory compliance, adherence to best practices, and
ongoing monitoring are integral components of effective waste management.

220
 3D Printing Consultant

9.1.6 Waste Segregation

The practice of segregation in waste management is a fundamental and proactive approach to handling
the diverse array of materials generated in various settings. Segregation involves the systematic separation
of waste into distinct categories, primarily focusing on recyclable, non-recyclable, and hazardous materials.

Fig. 9.1.6 Waste Segregation

1. Recyclable Waste:
• Recyclable materials, like paper, cardboard, plastics, glass, and certain metals, are identified
and separated at the source of generation. This requires awareness and education among
individuals or within organizations to recognize materials that can be recycled.
• Segregating recyclable waste at the point of origin enhances the efficiency of recycling
processes. It streamlines the collection and processing of materials, facilitating the recovery
of valuable resources and reducing the environmental effect associated with
manufacturing new products.

2. Non-Recyclable Waste:
• Materials that do not fall into the recyclable category, such as certain types of plastics,
contaminated items, or non-reusable goods, are identified during the segregation process.
These materials are then appropriately disposed of, often through landfill or
incineration methods.
• Segregating non-recyclable waste helps prevent contamination of recyclable streams.
Contamination can compromise the quality of recyclables and hinder the effectiveness of
recycling processes.

3. Hazardous Waste:
• Recognition and Special Handling: Hazardous waste, encompassing materials with potential
risks to human health or the environment, requires special attention. Segregation involves
recognizing items such as bacteries, electronic waste, chemicals, and medical waste that fall
into this category.
• Safe Disposal Protocols: Proper segregation ensures that hazardous waste is handled and
disposed of according to regulatory guidelines. This mitigates the potential for environmental
pollution and minimizes health risks associated with improper disposal of hazardous materials.

221
Participant Handbook

9.1.7 Types of Recyclable Waste

1. Dry Waste
• Dry waste includes items that are not wet or soiled, making them suitable for recycling.
Examples of Dry Waste are: Paper, cardboard, plastics, glass, and metals.
• Dry waste is collected, sorted, and sent to recycling facilities where materials like paper,
plastics, glass, and metals undergo processing for reuse in manufacturing.

2. Wet Waste
• Wet waste consists of organic materials that can decompose, such as food scraps and soiled
items. Examples of Wet Waste are Food waste, soiled paper, and yard waste fall.
• Wet waste is typically processed through composting, converting organic matter into nutrient
rich compost for agricultural use.

Fig. 9.1.7 Types of Recyclable Waste

3. Sanitary Waste
• Sanitary waste includes items originating solely from humans and human activities, potentially
including medical waste. Examples of sanitary waste are Diapers, sanitary napkins, and certain
medical waste items.
• Due to potential health risks, sanitary waste may require specialized disposal methods,
especially when medical waste is involved.

4. E-Waste (Electronic Waste)

• E-Waste comprises discarded electronic devices and equipment. Examples: Computers,
laptops, mobile phones, and other electronic gadgets are considered e-waste.
• E-waste recycling includes the recapture of valuable materials (metals, plastics) and proper
disposal of hazardous components. Specialized facilities are equipped to handle
e-waste recycling.

222
 3D Printing Consultant

Notes

Scan the QR code or click on the link to watch related videos

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-0zQV8F03Og

Sustainable Practices

223
Participant Handbook

Unit 9.2 - D
 iversity and Equity Promotion Strategies in the
Workplace

Unit Objectives
By the end of this unit, participants will be able to:
1. Describe the importance of following the diversity policies.
2. Identify stereotypes and prejudices associated with people with disabilities and the negative
consequences of prejudice and stereotypes.
3. Discuss the importance of promoting, sharing and implementing gender equality and PwD
sensitivity guidelines at organization level.
4. Demonstrate essential communication methods in line with gender inclusiveness and
PwD sensitivity.

9.2.1 Diversity
“Diversity” denotes to the presence of an extensive range of human characteristics, attributes, and
perspectives within a group, organization, or community. Diversity is considered a strength in various
settings, as it can lead to increased creativity, better problemsolving, and a more dynamic and adaptable
organization or community. Organizations that prioritize diversity often aim to generate a culture where
individuals feel empowered to contribute their unique perspectives and talents.
Key concepts related to diversity include:
• Inclusion: Nurturing an environment where everybody feels valued, respected, and included.
• Equity: Ensuring fairness and impartiality, addressing systemic barriers, and providing resources,
based on individual needs.
• Representation: Ensuring that diverse voices are heard and represented at all levels of
an organization.

Characteristics of Diversity:

Demographic Diversity: Cognitive Diversity: Experience and Background

• Age • Different ways of thinking Diversity:
• Gender • Varied problem- • Educational background
• Race and ethnicity solving approaches • Professional experience
• Sexual orientation • Diverse • Socioeconomic
perspectives on issues background
• Nationality
• Disability status

224
 3D Printing Consultant

Cultural Diversity: Diversity of Abilities: Diversity of Thoughts and

• Cultural practices • Physical abilities Ideas:
• Language • Cognitive abilities • Varied opinions
• Religious beliefs • Emotional intelligence • Creative thinking
• Innovation
Fig. 9.2.1 Characteristics of Diversity

Diversity Policies
Following diversity policies is crucial for fostering an inclusive and equitable work environment. Key
reasons why adhering to diversity policies is important:

1. Inclusivity: Diversity policies create an inclusive workplace, fostering a sense of belonging

among employees.
2. Creativity and Innovation: Diverse teams bring different perspectives, enhancing creativity
and innovation.
3. Talent Attraction and Retention: Diversity attracts a broad range of talent, making organizations
more appealing and improving retention rates.
4. Global Market Awareness: Diverse teams can better understand and cater to the needs of diverse
markets, enhancing business performance.
5. Legal and Ethical Compliance: Following diversity policies ensures legal compliance and
demonstrates commitment to ethical business practices.
6. Elimination of Discrimination: Diversity policies work to eliminate discrimination and bias,
fostering a fair and just workplace.
7. Improved Decision-Making: Diverse teams contribute varied viewpoints, leading to more well
rounded and informed decision-making.
8. Enhanced Reputation: Companies that prioritize diversity enjoy a positive reputation, building
trust and loyalty among customers and clients.
9. Employee Engagement: Valuing diversity encourages employee engagement, positively impacting
productivity and job satisfaction.
10. Long-Term Sustainability: Embracing diversity is a strategic business imperative for long-term
organizational sustainability.

9.2.2 Gender Equality

In Indian legislation, gender is delineated as the individual attributes and traits linked to being masculine,
feminine, or transgender. The Indian authorities acknowledge three gender categories—male, female,
and transgender—according to the Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act, 2019, enacted by the
Parliament of India in November 2019.

225
Participant Handbook

Gender parity denotes the principle that every individual, irrespective of their gender, should enjoy
equivalent opportunities and entitlements across all facets of life, encompassing education, employment,
political engagement, and accessibility to healthcare and other public amenities. It signifies that no
individual should face discrimination or disadvantages based on their gender.

Fig. 9.2.2 Gender Equality at Workplace

9.2.3 Gender-Inclusive Work Environment

In an all gender-inclusive culture, all employees, regardless of their gender identity (male, female, or,
transgender)), feel appreciated and supported. Apart from creating a sense of belonging, genderinclusive
workplace culture can elevate previously unheard perspectives and recognise various experiences,
fostering an environment of genuine respect and trust. This type of atmosphere not only draws a broader
range of applicants but also provides all of the necessary structural support for them to succeed.

Fig. 9.2.3 Gender Inclusivity

The importance of a gender-inclusive workplace can be ascertained from the following benefits:
• By ensuring that the team has a healthy mix of female, male, transgender, and non-binary
employees, the organisation can benefit from their diverse views and improve the team’s
creativity and innovation.

226
 3D Printing Consultant

• By emphasising the importance of having an inclusive culture, businesses can raise employee
morale and increase opportunities, which will lead to higher employee retention rates and save
time and money in the long term.
• Organizations will be able to connect effectively with customers and increase their understanding
of what they need if their workforce base represents their customers, bringing together a range
of genders, backgrounds, and races.
• An inclusive culture can be a major attraction when it comes to recruiting new employees. When
a company develops a reputation for having a diverse workforce, it has a tremendous recruiting
tool at its disposal.

9.2.4 Gender Sensitivity Rules and Regulations

• Prevention of Sexual Harassment: Employers are required to establish and implement policies
and procedures to inhibit and address sexual harassment in the workplace. These policies should
be communicated to all employees and include measures for reporting and investigating complaints.
• Equal Opportunities: Employers should ensure that all employees, regardless of gender, have
equal opportunities for hiring, promotion, training, and development.
• Gender-Neutral Language: Employers should use gender-neutral language in all communications,
including job descriptions, forms, and company policies, to avoid gender-based discrimination.
• Inclusive Workplace: Employers should create an inclusive work environment that accommodates
individuals of all genders, including those who identify as non-binary or do not conform to
traditional gender norms.
• Maternity and Paternity Leave: Employers should provide maternity and paternity leave to
support employees who are starting or expanding their families.
• Sensitization and Training: Employers should provide regular sensitization and training to
employees on gender sensitivity, diversity, and inclusion in the workplace.
• Non-Discrimination: Employers ought not to engage in discrimination against employees on the
grounds of their gender identity or expression. They should proactively address and counteract
any instances of discrimination or harassment rooted in gender that may arise within the workplace.

9.2.5 Inclusion of Person with Disability in the Workplace

In India, the Persons with Disabilities Act (PwD) mandates that organisations provide differently-abled
individuals with equal opportunities and a non-discriminatory atmosphere, as well as facilities that will
enable them to function at their best under the conditions.

227
Participant Handbook

The following are the 6 initiatives that should be taken by the organization to become more inclusive:

Fig. 9.2.4 PwD Inclusivity at Workplace

1. Create safe spaces: Create employee support groups (ESGs) to encourage and empower all
employees in the company. They contribute to the development of the community by providing
safe areas for individuals to share and get to know one another. ESGs aim to improve employee
experience while also boosting mental wellness.
2. Examine the resources: Take some time to review the company’s writing, website, and marketing
materials with a fresh perspective. Even if the message is clear, be alert for wording that may
exclude people. Avoid using terms like “physically challenged,” “differently-abled,” or “special
needs” to describe people with impairments. When describing persons without disabilities, never
use the adjective “normal.”
3. Hire a professional: Organisation should hire people for their skills, irrespective of their physical
challenges. They should hire a person with a disability if they are fulfilling the demands
of the job role.
4. Speak with the employees: Persons with disabilities should be included in the decision-making
process of the organisation, whether or not it directly affects them. It may also cause irritation
when the organization adopts well-intentioned improvements that no one requires. It is critical to
include people with impairments in decision-making processes.
5. Promote diversity on all levels: Hiring people with disability should be done across all levels of
the organisation. Companies must look below the surface to create a varied environment. There
are various kinds of diversity. Physical and mental ability, educational and economic background,
neurodiversity, and immigration status are only a few examples. Recognize that these people
aren’t merely “ticking boxes.”
6. Be transparent: Companies and their leaders must demonstrate that creating a more inclusive
atmosphere is a priority, not a project. One should allow their managers and staff to be open and
honest about their problems, errors, victories, and even limitations. The idea is to create a

228
 3D Printing Consultant

The advantages of having an inclusive workplace:

• Access to talent: Organisations can access an undiscovered source of talent by focusing on
abilities rather than assumptions.
• Increased innovation: Employees with varying levels of experience approach issue resolution in
different ways.
• Increased retention and engagement: Employees who feel valued and included are more loyal
and enthusiastic.
• Better reputation: Customers value businesses that demonstrate a genuine commitment to
diversity and inclusion.
• Benefits for everyone: An inclusive workplace helps everyone, not just people with disabilities.

9.2.6 Types of Disabilities

There are various types of disabilities, including:

1. Physical disabilities: These are disabilities that affect a person’s physical ability to perform tasks.
Physical disabilities can be caused by congenital conditions, injuries, or illnesses. Examples of
physical disabilities include mobility impairments, amputations, paralysis, and chronic pain.
Physical disabilities can limit a person’s ability to perform activities of daily living, such as bathing,
dressing, or cooking. Assistive devices and technologies, such as wheelchairs, prosthetic limbs,
and mobility aids, can help people with physical disabilities to perform these tasks and live
independently.

Fig. 9.2.5 Types of Disabilities

229
Participant Handbook

2. Mental disabilities: These are disabilities that affect a person’s mental functioning. Mental
disabilities can include mental illnesses, such as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, or
schizophrenia. Mental disabilities can also include cognitive impairments, such as memory loss,
attention deficits, or learning disabilities. Mental disabilities can limit a person’s ability to
concentrate, communicate, or engage in social interactions. Treatment and support services,
such as counselling, medication, and therapy, can help people with mental disabilities to cope
their symptoms and improve their quality of life.
3. Intellectual disabilities: These are disabilities that affect a person’s cognitive abilities. Intellectual
disabilities can be caused by genetic conditions, brain damage, or other factors. Intellectual
disabilities can result in difficulties with reasoning, problem-solving, and understanding complex
concepts. Intellectual disabilities can also affect a person’s ability to communicate efficiently and
involve in social interactions. Special education and support services, such as individualized
instruction and behavioral therapies, can help people with intellectual disabilities to develop
their cognitive and social skills and achieve their full potential.
4. Sensory impairments: These are disabilities that affect a person’s senses. Sensory impairments
can include hearing loss, vision impairment, or tactile sensitivity. Sensory impairments can limit a
person’s ability to communicate, navigate their environment, or access information. Assistive
technologies, such as hearing aids, Braille displays, and screen readers, can help people with
sensory impairments to overcome these limitations and participate fully in society.

9.2.7 Rights of Persons with Disabilities

The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act came into force on 19 April 2017. Further, the Rules were
notified on June 15, 2017. The new Act replaces the Persons with Disabilities Act, 1995. The new Act
implements India’s obligations under the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with
Disabilities, which was ratified in 2007. It has taken the Indian Parliament more than a decade to pass
this legislation.

Fig. 9.2.6 Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016

230
 3D Printing Consultant

Key compliances under the Disabilities Act:

Although the majority of the Act’s requirements apply only to government facilities, private businesses
are also subject to the Act’s provisions and must comply with the following:
• Create and post an Equal Opportunity Policy on the establishment’s website or in a prominent
location within the premises. The policy must provide information about the perks and
accommodations available to disabled employees. The State Commissioner must also be given a
copy of the Policy.
• Employers with more than 20 employees must appoint a Liaison Officer to manage the recruitment
of disabled people and the particular accommodations that must be provided for them.
• Establishments are required to identify job openings that are suitable for disabled people. In the
case of businesses that receive government subsidies, a minimum of 5% of job openings must be
designated for people with disabilities.
• In the workplace, the employer must ensure that illegitimate discrimination against disabled
people is prohibited.
• To improve impaired employees’ accessibility, the employer must provide additional facilities or
special advantages, such as special leave and training programmes.
• The government has published accessibility standards for disabled people, which must be
followed by all businesses. The accessibility standards apply to workplace infrastructure and
communication technologies, both of which must be accessible to people with disabilities.
• Every organisation must keep track of its disabled personnel.

9.2.8 Stereotypes and Prejudices

Associated with People with Disabilities
• Assumption of Dependency: Many people wrongly assume that individuals with disabilities are
entirely dependent on others for daily activities and decision-making.
• Pity and Sympathy: Individuals with disabilities are sometimes subjected to pity or sympathy,
perpetuating the stereotype that their lives are inherently less fulfilling.
• Limited Capabilities: Stereotypes often portray people with disabilities as having limited abilities,
overlooking their diverse talents, skills, and potential.
• Invisibility of Abilities: Some stereotypes focus solely on the disability, overshadowing the
individual’s other capabilities and talents.
• Assumptions about Intelligence: There can be misconceptions about the intelligence of individuals
with certain disabilities, leading to underestimation of their cognitive abilities.
• Overgeneralization: People with disabilities are sometimes unfairly generalized, assuming that all
individuals with a particular disability share the same characteristics.

231
Participant Handbook

• Stigmatization: Certain disabilities may carry social stigmas, leading to negative perceptions and
biased attitudes towards individuals with those disabilities.

Negative Consequences of Prejudice and Stereotypes:

• Social Exclusion: Prejudice and stereotypes contribute to social exclusion, limiting opportunities
for individuals with disabilities to fully participate in various aspects of life.
• Limited Opportunities: Discriminatory attitudes can result in limited educational and employment
opportunities, hindering personal and professional development.
• Psychological Impact: Individuals with disabilities may internalize negative stereotypes, leading
to lower self-esteem and mental health issues.
• Barriers to Inclusion: Prejudice can create barriers to inclusive environments, hindering the
development of diverse and collaborative communities.
• Underestimation of Abilities: Stereotypes may lead to underestimation of the skills and potential
of individuals with disabilities, affecting their ability to contribute effectively.
• Unequal Treatment: Prejudice can result in unequal treatment, with individuals facing
discrimination in various aspects of life, including healthcare, housing, and social interactions.
• Lack of Accessibility: Negative attitudes may contribute to a lack of accessibility in public spaces,
making it difficult for individuals with disabilities to navigate their surroundings independently.
• Impact on Mental Health: The constant experience of prejudice and stereotyping can contribute
to stress, anxiety, and other mental health challenges for individuals with disabilities.

9.2.9 Gender Equality and PwD Sensitivity Guidelines

Promoting, sharing, and implementing gender equality and Persons with Disabilities (PwD) sensitivity
guidelines at the organizational level is crucial for fostering an inclusive and respectful workplace. Here
are key reasons why this is important:
• Inclusive Work Environment: Guidelines for gender equality and PwD sensitivity contribute to
creating an inclusive workplace where all employees sense valued, respected, and treated equitably.
• Diverse Perspectives and Innovation: Embracing diversity, including gender and disability, brings
a variety of perspectives to the table. This diversity fosters creativity and innovation as employees
with different backgrounds and experiences contribute unique insights.
• Talent Attraction and Retention: Organizations that prioritize and demonstrate commitment to
gender equality and PwD sensitivity are more attractive to a diverse talent pool. Such organizations
also tend to retain employees better as individuals feel appreciated and supported.
• Legal Compliance: Following guidelines for gender equality and PwD sensitivity ensures
compliance with relevant laws and regulations. This reduces the risk of legal issues and
demonstrates the organization’s commitment to ethical practices.

232
 3D Printing Consultant

• Enhanced Reputation: Organizations that actively promote equality and sensitivity build a positive
reputation. This can enhance the organization’s brand image and attract customers, clients, and
partners who value social responsibility.
• Improved Employee Morale: Guidelines promoting equality contribute to a positive organizational
culture, leading to higher employee morale. When employees feel that their workplace is fair and
inclusive, job satisfaction and overall well-being are likely to improve.
• Productivity and Performance: Inclusive environments tend to foster greater collaboration and
teamwork, positively impacting productivity and overall organizational performance. Employees
are more likely to work cohesively when they feel respected and included.
• Reduced Stereotyping and Bias: Guidelines can help challenge and overcome gender stereotypes
and biases, as well as those related to individuals with disabilities. This fosters a culture of fairness
and equal opportunities.

9.2.10 Communication
Ensuring gender inclusiveness and sensitivity toward Persons with Disabilities (PwD) in communication
is essential for fostering a respectful and inclusive environment. Here are some communication
methods aligned with these principles:

1. Inclusive Language:
• Avoid Gendered Language: Use gender-neutral language whenever possible to be inclusive
of all genders. Instead of using “he” or “she,” opt for gender-neutral pronouns like “they” or
rephrase sentences to eliminate gender-specific terms.
• Accessible Language: Ensure that communication is accessible to everyone, including
individuals with disabilities, by using plain language and avoiding jargon.

2. Diverse Representation:
• Visuals and Imagery: Incorporate diverse images and visuals in communication materials,
reflecting a range of genders, ethnicities, and abilities.
• Speaker Representation: Ensure diverse representation in speaking roles during meetings,
presentations, and events to promote a variety of perspectives.

3. Accessibility Considerations:
• Accessible Formats: Provide information in multiple formats (e.g., text, audio, and video) to
accommodate diverse learning preferences and accessibility needs.
• Captioning and Transcripts: Include captions for videos and provide transcripts for audio
content to ensure that individuals with hearing impairments can access the information.

233
Participant Handbook

4. Inclusive Policies and Practices:

• Clearly Communicate Inclusive Policies: Clearly communicate organizational policies related
to gender inclusiveness and disability sensitivity. Ensure that employees are aware of the
support available to them.
• Flexible Communication Channels: Recognize that individuals may have different
communication preferences. Offer flexibility in communication channels, such as written,
verbal, or virtual platforms.

5. Empathy and Sensitivity:

• Use Inclusive Language: Be mindful of the language used when discussing gender-related
topics and disability. Avoid stigmatizing or derogatory terms, and use person-first language
for disabilities (e.g., “person with a disability” instead of “disabled person”).
• Active Listening: Practice active listening to understand the perspectives and needs of others,
especially when discussing issues related to gender and disabilities.

Exercise
A. Short Answer Questions
1. What are some different approaches for efficient utilization of energy resources?
2. Explain the importance of practicing the segregation of recyclable, non-recyclable, and
hazardous waste.
3. List the examples of recyclable, non-recyclable, and hazardous waste.
4. What are the potential negative outcomes of neglecting gender inclusiveness and PwD sensitivity
at the organizational level?
5. In what ways can organizations actively combat stereotypes associated with people with
disabilities and foster a more inclusive environment?

B. Fill in the Blanks

Hints: Diversity, Economy, 19 April 2017, Energy resource utilization, Energy)

1. The three pillars of sustainability are ..........................................., Society and Environment.

2. EMS stands for ..................................... Management Systems.
3. .......................................................... and conservation refers to the practice of efficiently utilizing
and preserving energy sources.
4. ................................. refers to the presence of a wide range of human characteristics, attributes,
and perspectives within a group, organization, or community.
5. The Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act came into force on .........................................

234
 3D Printing Consultant

C. State whether True or False.

1. Transgender Persons (Protection of Rights) Act was passed by
the Parliament of India in November 2009.
2. Green Building Certifications provide a certificates for painting the building green.
3. Mental disability is a type of disability.
4. Prejudice and stereotypes contribute to social exclusion.
5. LEED stands for Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design.

Notes

235
Participant Handbook

236
10. E mployability
Skills (60 Hours)
It is recommended that all training include the appropriate.
Employability Skills Module. Content for the same can be accessed
https://www.skillindiadigital.gov.in/content/list

DGT/VSQ/N0102
Participant Handbook

238
11. A
 nnexure
Annexure I - QR Codes - Video Links
 Participant Handbook

Annexure I
Annexure I - QR Codes -Video Links

Chapter Name Unit Name Topic Name URL Page QR Code

No

Unit 1 Unit 1.1 About IT-ITeS https://youtu.be/ 14

Sector cOtKswmP2NY
IT-ITeS/BPM/SPD Understanding the
Industry An IT-ITeS Sector
Introduction
(Bridge Module)

Unit 2 Unit 2.1 Overview of https://youtu.be/ 39

Future Skills And dXpsS3V7HXg
2. Future Skills - An Overview of the
Cyber Security
Introduction Future Skills Sub-
Sector
(Bridge Module)

Unit 3 Unit 3.1 About 3D printing https://youtu.be/_V7_ 62

and Evolution of SiSiaak?si=nVkPgRlJsX-
Business case 3D Printing – An
3D Printing Z5ADyw
analysis and 3D Introduction
printing technology
implementation
(SSC/N8901)

Unit 4 Unit 4.1 About GTM(Go to https://youtu.be/ 99

Market) Strategy C1rZoUJN6uw?si=I4u-
Strategize Entry Technology
ZhssubvThLBLJ
Grade Roadmaps implementation
from
Conceptualization to
Implementation for
3D Printing
technology
(SSC/N8902)

Unit 5 Unit 5.1 About Trends to https://youtu.be/ 123

understand bLak-_CnJTg?si=8sJcN-
Strategies to build Technological
technology J46esMtw8pf
innovative products/ innovation &
advancement
solutions and ways Continuous
to leverage new-age improvement
technologies
SSC/N8903

Unit 6 Unit 6.1 About Vendor https://youtu. 139

Selection Process be/1NEsM_dAVg-
Assess and screen Vendor Assessment
g?si=STR-
technology vendors,
BRQWYdMsSVkvk
OEM partners and
third-party service
providers for
execution
SSC/N8904

240
 3D Printing Consultant

Chapter Name Unit Name Topic Name URL Page QR Code

No

Unit 7 Unit 7.1 About Advanced https://youtu.be/ 154

3D Printing keZuEaNcIb-
Advanced 3D Process Improvement
process c?si=M-nhtJX-
printing design
Z124715qb
techniques and
process flow
improvement and
recommend process
improvement
solutions
(SSC/N8905)

Unit 8 Unit 8.1 About 3D Printing https://youtu.be/ 171

Technology o0myrrIJl_k?si=Cs-
Workshops and long 3D Printing Sales,
GOt-WNaoy_At4J
terms engagements Marketing and
to scale up the Training
awareness of 3D
printing
technologies
(SSC/N8906)

Unit 9 Unit 9.1 Sustainable https://www.youtube. 185

Practices com/watch?v=-0zQV-
Inclusive and Application
8F03Og
Environmentally Performance
Sustainable Monitoring
Workplaces
(SSC/N9014)

241
Participant Handbook

Notes

242
 3D Printing Consultant

243
 IT - ITeS Sector Skill Council NASSCOM
Sector Skill Council Contact Details
Address: Plot No. - 7, 8, 9 & 10 Sector - 126, Noida, Uttar Pradesh - 201303
New Delhi - 110049
Website: www.sscnasscom.com
Phone: 0120 4990111 - 0120 4990172

Price: