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Module 3 - Room Acoustics(3)(2)

The document discusses the characteristics of sound, including loudness, pitch, and timbre, as well as sound wave properties like wavelength, amplitude, and frequency. It explains room acoustics and the behaviors of sound in spaces, such as reflection, absorption, diffusion, diffraction, transmission, and refraction. Additionally, it outlines classroom modification tasks aimed at improving acoustic qualities through design and material specification.

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lux luci
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2 views

Module 3 - Room Acoustics(3)(2)

The document discusses the characteristics of sound, including loudness, pitch, and timbre, as well as sound wave properties like wavelength, amplitude, and frequency. It explains room acoustics and the behaviors of sound in spaces, such as reflection, absorption, diffusion, diffraction, transmission, and refraction. Additionally, it outlines classroom modification tasks aimed at improving acoustic qualities through design and material specification.

Uploaded by

lux luci
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Room Acoustics

Building Utilities 3: Acoustics and Lighting


Characteristics of a Sound

01 Loudness 02 Pitch 03 Timbre


The human The attribute of an auditory Combination of the
impression of the system which enables us to number, prominence,
strength of a sound. pinpoint sounds on a scale pitch, and intensity
extending from high to low of the overtones.
frequencies.
Characteristics
of Sound
Characteristics of a Sound Wave
01 Wavelength 02 Amplitude 03 Frequency
The distance a sound wave The strength or power of a The rate at which the
travels during each wave signal. The "height" of source produces sound
complete cycle of a wave when viewed as a waves.
vibration graph.

04 Time Period 05 Velocity


It is the time required to Sometimes referred to as the speed, is
produce a single complete the amount of distance in meters per
wave, or cycle. second that a wave travels in one second.
Characteristics
of Sound Wave
Room
Acoustics
What is Room
Acoustics?
The qualities or characteristics of a
room, auditorium, or concert hall that
determine the audibility of speech or
fidelity of musical sound in it.
Architectural Engineering Environmental
Acoustics Acoustics Acoustics
The effect of building design on the The technology of sound Involves the control of noise
control of sound in buildings; production and recording, pollution. Environmental noise
appreciation of the nature of sound sound motion pictures, and includes automobile and other
and the principle of acoustics to radio and television, as well as motor vehicles, aircraft,
create a satisfactory acoustical the study of vibrations of solids industrial plant and heavy
environment. and their control. construction equipment.
Behaviors of Sound in Rooms

1. Reflected sound 4. Diffracted sound

2. Absorbed sound 5. Transmitted sound

3. Diffused sound 6. Refracted sound


Direct/Incident
Sound
The process of a sound wave approaching and
striking a surface. The incident wave refers to
the one approaching the surface.
01

Sound Reflection
Sound reflected off a surface, usually one which is
hard, rigid, and/or flat.
Law of Reflectivity
Angle of Incidence equals the angle of
reflection.
Law of Reflectivity

Sound waves in contact with concave


and convex surfaces will reflect off
these surfaces in different directions
02

Sound Absorption
Sound waves absorbed into a material upon contact; change of
energy into some other form.
Sound Absorption Coefficient
(α):
Fraction of energy of the incident
sound absorbed by the surface; rates
the efficiency of sound absorption of a
material at a specified frequency.
Noise Reduction Coefficient
(NRC)
An average rating of how much sound
an acoustic product can absorb.
NRC = 0.40
Surface Absorption SA of a 7.0M x 9.0M ceiling with 20mm
nailed acoustic boards
Product of the area of a surface and
it’s absorption coefficient / Noise SA = 25.20 sabins
Reduction Coefficient.
Methods of Absorption
Frictional Flexural Resonating
Methods of Absorption
Frictional Flexural Resonating
03

Sound Diffusion
Occurs when sound waves are dispersed equally in a room

Uniform distribution of sound in a room creates a Homogenous


Field
Several methods to
create sound diffusion:

➢ Providing several surface irregularities

Providing an alternating application of reflective and


absorptive finishes

Providing a random application of reflective and


absorptive finishes

Providing diffusers
Several methods to
create sound diffusion:

Providing several surface irregularities

➢ Providing an alternating application of


reflective and absorptive finishes

Providing a random application of reflective and


absorptive finishes

Providing diffusers
Several methods to
create sound diffusion:

Providing several surface irregularities

Providing an alternating application of reflective and


absorptive finishes

➢ Providing a random application of


reflective and absorptive finishes

Providing diffusers
Several methods to
create sound diffusion:

Providing several surface irregularities

Providing an alternating application of reflective and


absorptive finishes

Providing a random application of reflective and


absorptive finishes

➢ Providing diffusers
04

Sound Diffraction
An acoustical phenomenon which causes sound waves to be bent or
scattered around such obstacles as corners, columns, walls, and
beams.
A phenomenon where sound passes
through an opening resulting in a change of
propagation, as influenced by the ratio of
the sound wavelength to the size of the
opening.

Waves can spread in a rather unusual way


when they reach the edge of an object.
05

Sound Transmission
Refers to the propagation of sound waves from one space to
another through building elements for example, such as walls,
floors, ceilings, doors, and windows.
Sound which penetrates through a surface.

Flanking Transmission

The structural transmission of sound energy from one room to another by any path other
than the nominally separating wall or floor.
What needs to be considered? Acoustic Material Specification
Noise Reduction (NR): Noise Reduction Coefficient (NRC):

The level of attenuation provided by the An average rating of how much sound an
building construction between two acoustic product can absorb.
rooms.

Transmission Loss (TL): Sound Transmission Class (STC):

The level of sound isolation provided by a Measured to calculate the effectiveness


construction, independent of the effects of soundproofing materials in reducing
of wall size or room absorption. sound transmission between rooms.
06

Sound Refraction
Change of sound wave direction as it moves from one material
to another of different density.
Refraction of sound waves is most evident in situations
in which the sound wave passes through a medium
with gradually varying properties.
3

6 5

7
Classroom Modification
You were task to design your very own classroom to modify and to
EA-3
meet the best acoustic qualities. However, the lead time and the
budget for the fit-out is uncertain. This allows you to have more time
to conduct research about possible acoustic materials that you think
will improve the quality of your classroom.

Here's what you are expected to do.

1. Provide complete layout of your classroom (Plans, Interior Elevations,


Reflected Ceiling Plan, Perspective, Acoustic Details)

2. Drawings should have callout

3. On a letter sized bond paper, you should have your research about
your proposed materials and their specifications.

3. Layout should be in an A3 Size Paper, Digital is Allowed

Submission: February 26, 2024 (First hour)

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