2 | Page

PERMUTATION AND COMBINATION

Principle of Multiplication and addition
Principle of Multiplication: If 2jobs can be performed 'm' and
the number of ways of performing the jobs 'n' ways
successively
Principle of Addition: If 2 jobs can be performed'm' and
number of ways of performing the either 1 or 2nd job is 'n'
is mxn.

m+n.ways
respe ct
respectively,ively,
tha
Combination
Without repetition the number of combinations s of n
dissimilar things taken r at a
"C,
n!

r!(n-r)!
time is.
"C, =
"Cn-r
nCo"Co + "C,
= "C, =n
+ "C t... "C, = 2n
Thetotal number of ways of
2n-1.
selecting one or more objects from ngiven objects ie
Total number of selection of r
Total number of selection of r consecutive things from n things in a row is n-r+1
or 1 (if r>n) consecutive things out of n things in a circle is n (if re
Permutation
Number of permutations of ndissimilar things taken r at a
time is:
n!
"P, (n-r)!
Number of permutations of n dissimilar things taken all at a time = n!
Number of arrangement that can be formed usingn things out of which p are
identical are of one kind and g are identical are of another kind is n!
plq!
Number of permutation of n different things taken all at a time, when m specified
things always come together is m! x (n-m+1)!
Circular permutation :The number of circular permutation of n different things
taken allat a time is (n-1)!
3|Page

PRACTICE QUESTIONS
UPSC PREVIOUS YEAR

1.The letters A, B,C, Dand Eare arranged in such a way that there are exactly two letters
between Aand E. How many such arrangements are there? (UPSC 2022)

A)12 C) 24
B) 18 D) 36

2. There are 9 cups placed on atable arranged in equal number of rows and columns out of
which 6 cupscontain coffee and 3 cups contain tea. In how many ways can they be arranged
so that each row should contain at least one cup of coffee? (UPSC 2022)

A)18 C) 54
B) 27 D)81
3. What is the number of numbers of the form 0.XY, where Xand Yare distinct non-zero
digits? (UPSC 2022)

A) 72 C) 90
B) 81 D) 100

4. On achess board,in how many different ways can 6 consecutive squares be chosen on
diagonals along a straight path? (UPSC 2021)

A) 4 c) 8
B) 6 D) 12

5. Using 2, 2, 3,3, 3as digits, how many numbers greater than 30000 can be formed? (UPSC
2021)

A) 3 c) 9
B) 6 D) 12

6. There are 6 persons arranged in a row. Another person has to shake hands with 3 of them
Sothat he should not shake hands with two consecutive persons. In how many distinct
possible combinations can the handshakes take place? (UPSC 2021)
A) 3 C)5
B) 4 D)6
4 |Page

7.How many different 5-letter words (with orwithout meaning)can be

the letters of the word
2020)
DELHI so that each word has to start
construwictthed?(UuinPSEg, at
with D and end

A) 24 C) 12
B) 18 D) 6

8. Suppose you have sufficient amount of rupee currency in three

10 and Rs 50. In how many different ways can you pay a bill of Rs
107? denor(UPSC
ninations:2019)RS1,,
A) 16 C) 18
B) 17 D) 19

9. In a tournament of chess having 150 entrants, a player is eliminated

match. It is given that no match results in atie/draw. How many matcheswhenever he
entire tournament? (UPSC2022) are playedin loesathe
A) 151 C) 149
B) 150 D) 148

10. A box contains 14 black balls, 20 blue balls, 26 green balls, 28 yellow
balls, 38 red ha
and54 white balls.Consider the following statements:
1. The smallest number n such that any n balls drawn from the boX randomy m
contain one full group of at least one colour is 175.
2. The smallest number m such that any m balls drawn from the box randomly mu
contain at least one ball of each colour is 167.

Which of the above statements are correct? (UPSC 2023)

A) 1 only C) Both 1 and 2

B) 2 only D) Neither 1 nor 2

11. How manydistinct 8-digit numbers can be formed by rearranging the digits of the
number 11223344 such that odd digits occupy odd positions and even digits occupy even
positions? (UPSC 2023)

A) 12 C) 36
B) 18 D) 72
black shoes in a box. I ie
12.Raj has ten pairs of red, nine pairs of white and eight pairs of
pair or reo
randomly picksshoes one by one (without replacement) from a box to get a(UPSC2023)
make?
shoes tO wear, what is the maximum number of attempts he has to

A) 27 C) 44
B) 36 D) 45
5|Page

13 in how many ways Can a batsman score evactly 25 runs by scoring single runs, frurs and
sixes only, irespective of the sequence of scoring shots? (UP5C )029)
A)18 C) 20
B) 19 D) 21

14. There are four letters and four envelopes and exactly one letter is to be put in exactly
one envelope with correct address. If the letters are randomly inserted into the envelopes,
then consider the following statements:

1. It is possible that exactly one letter goes intoan incorrect envelope.

2. There are only six ways in which only two letters can go into the correct envelopes
Which of the above statements given is/are correct? (UPSC 2023)

A) 1only C) Both 1 and 2

B) 2only D)Neither 1 nor 2

15. In an examination, the maximum marks for each of the four papers namely P, Q, Rand S
are 100. Marks scored by the students are in integers. Astudent can score 99% inn different
ways. What is the value of n? (UPSC 2023)

A) 16 C) 23
B) 17 D) 35

16. Aflag has to be designed with 4 horizontal stripes using some or all of the colours red,
green and yellow. What is the number of different ways in which this can be done so that no
two adjacent stripes have the same colour? (UPSC 2023)

A) 12 C)24
B) 18 D) 36

17. There are five persons P, Q, R, S and T each one of whom has to be assigned one task.
Neither P nor Qcan be assigned Task-1. Task-2 must to be assigned to either Ror S. In how
many ways can the assignment be done? (UPSC 2023)

A) 6 C) 18
B) 12 D) 24

18. What isthe number of selections of 10consecutive things out of 12 things in a circle
taken in clockwise direction? (UPSC 2023)
A)3 C) 12
B) 11 D)66
6| Pa g e

PRACTICE QUESTIONS

exactly one digit is 6

1 Find total number of 3 digit numberswhere
C) 216
A) 225
B) 243
D) 256

exactly one digit is 5 and

2. Findtotal number of 3 digit numbers where each
digit is distinct.
A) 216
C) 200
B) 192
D) 208

3. Find the number of arrangements that can be formed using the word 'BANAN..

A) 48 C) 72
B)60 D)81

4. A4 digit number Xis exactly divisible by 3. It is given that X can only have 0,1,2,3 or 4
digit. If each digit of Xis distinct, find the number of possibilities for X? as a

A) 12 C) 24
B) 18 D) 36

5. Allthe six letters of the name SACHIN are arranged toform different words without
repeating any letter in one word. The words so formed are then arranged as in dictionary
What will be the position of word SACHIN in that sequence?

A) 436 C)601
B) 590 D) 751

6. The total ways in which the letters of word 'DISCOVER' can be arranged in which all
vowels are always together is

A) 2160 C) 3260
B) 2460 D) 4320

7. Each person's performance compared with all other persons is to be done to rank them
subjectively. How manycomparisons are needed in total, if there are 11 persons?

A) 66 C) 55
B) 54 D)45
 7|Pag e

oA Cuestion paper had 10 questions. Each questions could only be answered as True or
Ealse, Each candidate answered all the questions. How many different sequences of answers
are possible?

A) 20 C) 512
B) 40 D) 1024

9. Groups, each containing 3 boys are to be formed out of5 boys: A, B, C, Dand Esuch that
no group can contain both Cand Dtogether. What is the maximum number of such
different groups?

A) 5 C) 7
B) 6 D) 8

10. In aquestion paper,there are four multiple choice type questions. Each question has
five choices with only one choice as the right answer. Each question is mandatory to
attempt. What is the totalnumber of ways in which a candidate will not get all the four
answers correct?

A)19 C) 624
B) 20 D) 625

11. In how many different ways can six players be arranged in a line such that two of them,
Ajay and Vijay are never together?

A) 120 C) 360
B) 240 D)480

12. Three dice (each having six faces with each face having one number from 1 to 6) are
rolled. What is the number of the possible outcomes such that at least one dice shows the
number 2?

A)36 C) 91
B) 81 D) 116

13. 2 men and 1 woman board a bus in which 5 seats are vacant, one of these seats is
reserved for ladies. Awomen may or may not sit on the seat reserved for ladies. In how
many different ways can the five seats be occupied by these passengers?

A) 15 c) 48
B) 36 D) 60
 8| Page

and two posts of

for one post of principal
14. A selection is to be made
Amongst the six candidates called for
the interview, only two are
principal while they all are eligible for
combinations of selectees is
vice-principal.
the post of The vice-princippaopossl.ibtle
eligible for
number thofe of

C) 18
A)4 D) 20
B)12

15. If there are 12 persons in a party

and each of them shakes hands with each
many handshakes do happen in the party?

A) 77
C) 55
D) 44
other,hom
B) 66
16. The total ways in which the letters of word 'BOOKS' can be arranged ir

A) 120 C)60
B) 100 D)40

17. All the five letters of the word "INDIA' are arranged to form different words
repeating any letter in one word. The words so formed are then arranged as in without
What will be the position of word INDIA in that sequence ?
dictionary.
A) 46 C) 70
B) 58 D) 82

18. How many 4 digit numbers are there such that exactly one digit is 3 and each dipit ie
distinct?

A) 1848 C) 1792
B) 2016 D) 1904

19. How many4 digit numbersare there such that at least one digit is 3?

A) 1848 C) 3168
B) 2016 D) 4238

20. In a question paper, there are five multiple choice type questions. Each question has
four choices. If attending every question is mandatory, then find the total number of
possibilities by which a student can attend the paper?

A)256 C) 1024
B) 512 D) 2048
 9|Page

21. A3digit number "X is exactly divisible by 4. It is given that Xcan only have 2, 3, 4, 5 and
7as digits and each digit is distinct. How many such numbers arethere?

A) 6 C) 18
B) 12 D)24

22.How many numbers are there from 100to 1000 such that it has at least one 5as a digit?
A)271 C) 252
B) 263 D) 244

23. Aquestion paper has 5 multiple choice questions. Each questions has 4 options to
choose from. A candidate can either attempt the question or can leave it unattended. How
many different sequences of answers are possible?

A)4225 C)625
B) 3125 D)125

24. The letters of the word TEARS' needs to be arranged in such a way that vowels will
always come together. How many such arrangements are there?

A)12 C) 36
B) 24 D)48

25. There 5 black balls, 10 white balls, 8 red balls ina box. Ajay started taking balls one by
one from the box without looking and without replacement. If he wanted to get one red and
one black ballto play with, then what is the maximum number of attempts he has to make?

A) 12 C) 19
B) 16 D) 23

26. How many 3 digit numbers are there such that it has at least one 0 as a digit?

A) 171 C) 201
B) 182 D) 252

27. Using 1, 1, 2,2, 3, 3 as digits, how many numbers greater than 300000 can be formed?
A) 20 C) 40
B) 30 D)60

28. Find the total number of ways in which the letters of the word 'ALICE' can be arranged
such that allconsonants come together?

A) 24 C)48
B)36 D) 60
10 | Page

29. In a question paper, there are five multiple choice type questions. Each question has
three choices. If attending a question is not mandatory, then find the total nurnber of
possibilities by which a student can attend the paper?
A) 81 C) 256
B) 243 D) 1024

30. How many three digit numbers are there such that at least one of its digits is 4?
A) 724 C) 252
B) 648 D) 171

31. How many natural numbers with distinct digits can be formed using the digits 0,1 and 22
A) 4 C) 10
B) 8 D)11

32. From a group of 7 men and 6 women, five persons are to be selected to form a
committee so that at least 3 men are there on the committee. In how many ways can it be
done?

A)564 C) 735
B) 645 D) 756

33. Abox contains 10 black balls, 10 blue balls, 12 green balls and 15 yellow balls. Find the
smallest number 'n' such that any 'n' balls drawn from the box randomly must contain at
least five balls of each colour?

A) 32 C) 42
B) 37 D) 47

34. Abox contains 10 black balls, 10 blue balls, 12 green balls and 15 yellow balls. Find the
smallest number 'n' such that any 'n' balls drawn from the box randomly must contain at
least five balls of each colour?

A) 32 C) 42
B) 37 D)47

35. How many odd numbers can be formed using the digits 1, 2 and 3 such that each digit of
the number is distinct?

A)4 C) 8
B) 6 D) 10
11 | Page

c There is aset of paralel lines with x lines in it and another set of parallel lines with y
cin it The lines intersect at 18 points. If x > y, find the
maximum number of
parallelograms that can be formed

A) 45 C) 36
B) 39 D) 30
27 Eour points each on two parallel lines is chosen. Then, how many triangles can be
drawn
using these points?

A) 48 C) 52
B) 50 D)56
38. Consider the following statements with respect to assigning of one task each to five
friends A, B, C, Dand E.

Statement 1: Either Aor Bmust be assigned with Task-1

Statement 2: Neither Cor D can be assigned with Task-2
Statement 3: A cannot be assigned with Task-3

In howmany ways the assignment can be done?

A) 20 C) 24
B) 22 D) 26

39. In how many ways can 3 boys and 4 girls be arranged in arow such that 3 boys are
always together?

A) 120 C)480
B) 360 D)720

40. Agroup of students contain 5 girls and 4 boys. Now consider the following statements:

Statement 1: Number of possibilities toselect a team containing 2 boys and 2 girls from the
group is 60.

Statement 2: Number of possibilities to select ateam of 4 students which contain at most 2

girls is 81.

Which of the above statement(s) is/are correct?

A) 1 only C) 1 and 2
B) 2 only D) Neither 1 nor 2
12 | Page

ANSWERS

UPSC previous Year

1 17 D
D 10 C 18 C
3 A 11 C
12 D
13 B
B 14 B
7 D 15 D
16 C

Practice Questions

1 A C 17 A 25 C 33 C
C 10 C 18 A 26 A 34
3 B 11 D 19 C 27 B 35 D
4 D 12 C 20 C 28 C 36 A
5 C 13 21 29 D 37 A
6 D 14 D 22 C 30 C 38 B
7 15 B 23 B 31 C 39 D
D 16 C 24 D 32 D 40 C
13 | Page

PERMUTATION AND COMBINATION - SOLUTIONS

UPSC PREVIOUS YEAR

1. C

It can be arranged as A E,_A__E, E_ _A_,E_A

So possibilities are (3x2x1)x4 = 24

2.D

Number of ways in which 6 cups out of 9 is filled with coffee = C =- = 84

6!(9-6)!
Number of ways in which all three cups in a row are filled with tea =3
So answer is 84 -3 = 81

3. A

Xcan have digits from 1 to 9 (9 possibilities)

Ycan have all digits except 0 and then digit we assigned to X. (8 possibilities)
Thus answer is 9x8 = 72

4. B

A
chess board has 8 squares in one diagonal. Number of ways in which 6 consecutive
squares be chosen on diagonals = 8-6+1 =3
Since two diagonals are there, answer is 3x2 = 6

5. B

Since number is greater than 30000, it will start with 3.

Numbers can be 33322,33232, 33223, 32332, 32323, 32233
14 | Page

6. B

Let persons be A, B, C, D, E, F
Handshakes thencan be ACE, ACE, ADE, BDF

7.D

D
Answer will be 3×2x1 = 6

8.C

Total we have to pay Rs 107.

Here you can use either 2, 1 or 0 Rs.50 note
Below table shows possible number of notes that can be used for different
denominations.

oN
Rs 50 Rs 10 Rs 1 Total ways
7 1ways
1 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 57,47, 37, 27, 17,7 6 ways
0, 1, 2, 3 ......10 107,97, 87 ... 7 11 ways
TOTAL 18 ways

9. C

Let's assume Player 1 is the best and he wins always.

NO: MATCH Winner

Player 1 vs Player 2 Player 1
2 Player 1 vs Player3 Player 1

149 Player 1 vs Player 150 Player 1

Hence total 149 matches

15 | Page

10. C

Statement 1 is correct: In these type of questions we have to assume the worst case
Let's assume we took 13 black balls, 19 blues balls, 25 green balls, 27 yellow balls, 37
red balls and 53 white balls. Then if we took 1more ball of any colour, then we can
ensure that we get one full group of at least one colour. Thus The smallest nurnber n
such that any n balls drawn from the box randomly must contain one full group of at
least one colour is 13+19+25+27+37+53+1 = 175.
Statement 2 is correct: again assume the worst case. Let's assume we took 54 white
balls,38 red balls, 28 yellow balls, 26 green balls, 20 blues balls and then 1black
balls. Then we will get balls of all colour. Hence answer will be 54+38+28+26+20+1
167

11. C

Here 1 and 3 are odd digits, 2 and 4 are even digits.

Hence 1 and 3 should occupy 15t, 3rd, 5th and 7th positions.
2 and 4 should occupy 2nd, 4th, 6th and 8th positions.
Let's first see how 1 and 3 can be arranged.

1 m
3
1 1 3
1 3 3 1
3 3 1 1
1 3 1
3 1 3

We can do it in 6 ways
Similarly 2 and 4 can also be arranged in 6 ways
So answer will be 6x6 =36

12. D

Consider worst case

Here there are 20 red shoes, 18 white shoes and 16 black shoes
Let's assume Rajtook 18 whites hoes first and then 16 black shoes.
Also here there will10 left shoes and 10 right shoes in red.
Let's say Raj took 10 left shoes and then if he take one more shoes he will surely get
apair of red shoes to wear.
Thus answer is 18+16+10+1 = 45
16 | P a ge

13. B

Here batsman has to score exactly 25 runs.

He can either score 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 sixes.
Below table shows possible ways

6s 4s 1s Total ways
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 25, 21, 17, 13, 9, 5, 1 7 ways
0, 1, 2,3, 4 19, 15, 11, 7, 3 5 ways
0, 1, 2, 3 13, 9, 5, 1 4 ways
3 0,1 7,3 2ways
1 1 ways
TOTA 19 ways

14. B

If one envelope goes wrong, one more has to go wrong. Thus statement 1 is wrong
Let A, B, C, D be the envelopes. Let's say two of it is wrong. Possibilities are AB. AC
AD, BC, BD and CD. Thus 6 ways. Hence statement 2 is correct.

15. D

Total maximum marks= 400

99% of 400 = 396
Just try different ways to score 396
100, 100, 100, 96 can be arranged in 4 ways
4!
100, 100, 99, 97 can be arranged in 2! ways = 12 ways
4!
100, 99, 99, 98 can be arranged in 2! ways = 12 ways
99,99, 99, 99 can be arranged in 1 way

100 100 100 96 4 wayS

100 100 99 97 12 ways
100 100 98 98 6 ways
100 99 99 98 12 ways
99 99 99 99 1way

Total= 4+12+6+12+1 = 35 ways

16. C

First stripe can have any of the 3 colours (Red, green or yellow) - 3 possibilities
Second stripe can have 2 colours (except what is in first stripe) -2 possibilities
Third stripe can have 2 colours (except what is in second stripe) - 2 possibilities
Fourth stripe can have 2 colours (except what is in third stripe) - 2 possibilities
Total = 3×2x2×2 = 24
17 | Page

17. D

Task-2 must to be assigned to either Ror S

So consider two cases. One case where Task-2 is assigned to Rand another where
Task - 2 is assigned to S.
In case 1R is fixed and rest are P, Q, Sand T
In case 2S is fixed and rest are P, Q, R and
Below table show possibilities

Case1 (Possibilities) Case 2 (Possibilities)

Task 1 (P and Q not possible) 2 (S or T) 2(R or T)
Task 2 R S
Task 3 3 (Except R and the one in Task-1) 3 (Except Sand Task-1)
Task 4 2 2
Task 5 1 1
TOTAL 2x3x2x1 = 12 2x3x2x1 =12
So answer is 12+12 = 24

18. C

Totalnumber of selection of r consecutive things out of nthings in a circle is n (if r<n)

Thus answer will be 12
18 | Page

PRACTICE QUESTIONS

1. A

The number can be of the forms 6 6

For 6 , possibilities will be 9x9 = 81

place)
For_6, possibilities will be 8x9 = 72 (As0 won'tcome in hundredth
hundredth place)
For 6, possibilities will be 8x9 = 72 (As 0 won't come in
81+72+72 = 225

2.C

The number can be of the forms 5 5 or 5

For 5 , possibilities will be 9x8 = 72
For_5, possibilities will be 8x8 = 64 (As Owon't come in hundredth place)
For 5, possibilities will be 8x8 = 64 (As 0 won't come in hundredth place)
72+64+64 = 200

3. B

6!
= 60
3!2!

4. D

Out of 0,1,2,3 or 4, 4 digits need to be used.

0+1+2+3 =6, divisible by 3
0+1+2+4 =7, Not divisible by 3
0+1+3+4 =8, Not divisible by 3
0+2+3+4 =9.Divisible by 3
1+2+3+4= 10, Not divisible by 3
When 0, 1, 2,3 are used possibilities are 3x3x2x1 = 18
When 0, 2, 3, 4 are use possibilities are 3x3x2x1 = 18
Total= 18+18 = 36

5.C

Here first,words with Acomes, A - 5 ! = 120possibilities

Then, words with Ccomes, C = 5! = 120possibilities
Then, words with Hcomes, H -5!= 120 possibilities
Then, words with Icomes,
I 5 !=120 possibilities
Then, words with Ncomes, N - 5!= 120 possibilities
Then the word SACHINComes
So position will be 120+120+120+120+120+1 = 601
19 | Page

6. D

Vowels here are I, Oand E

So consider IOE tOgether
Arranging D, S, C, V, R, IOE = 6! = 720 possibilities
Now I. Oand E can be arranged as I0E, IEO, OEI, OIE, EIO, EOI= 6 ways
So final answer = 6x720 4320

7.C

11!
55
2!(11-2)!

8.D

First question can be answered in 2 ways, second question in 2 ways and so on.
So answer will be 2x2x2x2x2×2x2x2x2×2 = 1024

9.C

Here we can take 3 cases.

Case 1: Cin group, Dnot in group: possibilities are ABC, AEC, BEC
Case 2: D in group, Cnot in group: possibilities are ABD, AED, BED
Case 3: Cand D not in group: possibilities are ABC
Total 7 possibilities

10. C

5x5x5x5 = 625 ways

Out of this, 1 possibility will be the one in which all four answers are correct
Hence answer is 625 -1=624

11. D

Total ways = 6! 720

Ways in which Ajay and Vijay are together = S!2 = 240
Ajay and Vijay are never together = 720-240 = 480
20 | P a ge

12. C

Total possibilities = 6x6x6 = 216

Possibilities were 2 won't come = 5x5x5 = 125
216- 125 = 91

13. B

Case 1: reserved seat taken by woman. Now rest of the 4 seats can be taken by
4!
men. *p,2 (4-2)! = 12
4!
Case 2: reserved seat taken up by any one. P =24
(4-3)!
Total =36

14. D

Principal's post can be filled in two ways as two are eligible.

Balance we have 5 candidates. From this we need to select for 2 posts of vice
principal.
5!
C, = 2!(5-2)! = 10
Total possibilities = 2x10 =20
15. B

Selecting 2 out of 12.

12!
=66
21(12-2)!

16. C

5! 60
2!

17, A

Here first, words with Acomes, A ==12 possibilities

2!
4!
Then, words with D comes, D ==12 possibilities
Then, words with l comes, I_
Out of word with I, first comes IA _3! = 6possibilities
Out of word with I, then comes ID = 3! = 6 possibilities
Out of word with I, then comes I| = 3! =6 possibilities
Then INADI, INAID, INDAI, INDIA
Total = 12+12+6+6+6+4 = 46
 21 | Page

18. A

The number can be of the forms 3 or 3 or

3 possibilities are 9x8x7 = 504
3 possibilities are 8x8x7 = 448
3 , possibilities are 8x8x7= 448
3, possibilities are 8x8x7= 448
Total = 504+448+448+448 = 1848

19. C

Total 4 digit numbers = 9000 (9999-1000+1)

Numbers with no 3 =8x9x9x9 = 5832
4 digit numbers are there such that at least one digit is 3 =9000-5832 =3168
20. C

4x4x4x4x4 = 1024

21. B

Here since the number is divisible by 4, then last two digits when taken together will
also be divisible by 4. Only such last two digits from the given digits are 32, 52, 72
and 24.
Here since options are very smallnumbers you can write each number and it'snot
going to cost you more time.
Possible numbers are 432, 532, 732, 352, 452, 752, 372, 472,572, 324, 524 and 724.
Thus 12 possibilities are there.

22. C

Different Cases No: of possibilities

5_ 1x9x9=81

5_ 8x1x9= 72
5 8x9x1= 72
55 1x1x9 =9

_55 8x1 x1=8

5_5 1x9x1=9

555 1x1x1=1

TOTAL 252

OR
3digit numbers without 5 = 8x9x9 = 648. Total 3 digit numbers =900.
3digit numbers with atleast one five =900- 648 =252
22 | P a ge

23. B

Hereeach question can be attended in 5 different ways (either choose one anse.
5x5=312r
from 4 options or to leave it unattended. So possibilities =5 x5x5

24. D

just by read:
These type of questions can be solved without using any formula and
carefully and logically solving.
together. So w.
In the words TEARS' Eand Aare the two vowels. They have to come
need to consider the possibilities with EA and AE together
o EA ’3!
AE ’3!
AE ’3!
o EA ’3!
AE 3!
’3!
AE ’3!
O EA ’ 3!
o Total = 8 x 3!= 48

25. C

Consider worst case. First he takes 10 white balls. Then &red balls and finally 1 black
ball. Hence total = 10+8+1 = 19

26. A

3 digit numbers without 0 =9x9x9 =729. Total 3 digit numbers = 900.

3 digit numbers with at least one zero = 900 -729 = 171

27. B

Here first digit will be 3.

Nowwe have to fill5 places with 1, 1, 2, 2 and 3
530
212!

28.C

Here consonants are Land C.

So consider Land Cas one unit.
Then possibilities =(5-2+1)!×2! =48
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29. D

Total 4 ways in which one question can be answered (3 options + leaving the
question)
So answer is4x4x4x4x4=1024

30. C

Total three digit numbers = 900

Numbers without digit 4 = 8x9×9 = 648
Numbers with at least one 4 = 900-648 = 252

31. C

1digit number = 2(1and 2), Ois not natural number.

2 digit number = 4( 10, 20, 12 and 21)
3 digit number = 4 (120, 102, 210, 201)
Total = 10

32. D

3M+2W or 4M+1W or 5M possible

(7C3 x 6C2) + (7C4 x 6C1) + (7C5) = 756

33. C

To ensure 5 balls of each colour take the worst condition.

15+12+10+5 = 42

34. C

Toensure 5 balls of each colour take the worst condition.

15+12+10+5 = 42

35. D

Here the question is tofind number of odd numbers using the digits 1, 2 and 3. It
should be noted here that the question hasn't mentioned about the number of digits
required in the formed number. Thus 1-digit, 2-digit and 3-digit numbers can be
formed.
Toget odd number either 1 or 3 should be in unit place
Possible 1-digit numbers are 1 and 3.
Possible 2-digit numbers are 21, 31, 13 and 23.
Possible 3-digit numbers are 231, 321, 123 and 213.
Sototal possibilities are 10.
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36. A

18 =9x2 or 6x3.
Thus either 9 parallel lines intersect 2 parallel lines or 6 parallel lines intersect 3
parallel lines.
When x=9 and y=2,number of paralelograms formed= "C, = 36
" When x-6 and y=3, number of parallelograms formed = "C, x "Cz =45
The questionis about maximum number of parallelograms. Thusanswer is 45

37. A

To draw a triangle we need 3 points. Here we have total 8 points (4 on each parallel
8!
line).We can chose 3points out of these 8points in "C ways =3!5! =56 ways.
But ifwe choose 3 points from the same line, they will be collinear and we cannot
draw a triangle. Thus we need to subtract those possibilities.
There are twoparallel lines and 4 points on each line. Thus we need to subtract
2x'C; =8 possibilities
Thus answer = 56 -8 = 48

38. B

Here try to draw a table with multiple possibilities

Task-1 must be assigned to Aor B

Task 1 A B B

Task 2 (Not Cor D) B E A

Task 3 (Not A) 3 possibilities 3possibilities 3possibilities 2 (A can't come)

Task 4 2 2 2 2
Task 5 1 1

Total 3x2x1 = 6 3x2x1 = 6 3x2x1 =6 2x2×1 = 4

Total possibilities = 6+6+6+4 = 22

39. D

Consider 3 boys as single entity as they are always together. Now, 4girls +1=5.5
persons can be arranged in 5!= 120 ways.
Now the 3 boys can arranged among themselves in 3! = 6 ways.
Thus total possibilities of arrangement = 120x6=720 ways.
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40. C

Statement 1is correct: Number of possibilities to select a team containing 2 boys

and 2 girls = 'Cz x C, =6x 10 =60.
Statement 2 is correct: At most twO girls means, it can be0, 1 or 2girls.
Possibilities of team with 0 girls and 4 boys = 1.
Possibilities of team with 1girl and 3 boys = C, x "C, = 20
Possibilities of team with 2 girls and 2 boys = =6x10 60.
Total possibilities= 1+20+60 = 81