St. Wilfred's Sr. Sec.

School, Panvel
Affiliation No.1130474
AISSCE- 2024-2025

Preparation of Rayon Thread From

Filter Paper

Submitted by: Kartik Deogirikar

Class: Xll Science
Roll No.: 56
 St. Wilfred's Sr. Sec. School,

Panvel

Affiliation No.1130474

AISSCE- 2024-2025

Chemistry

TOPIC: Preparation of Rayon Thread From Filter Paper

Name: Kartik Gajanan Deogirikar

Class: XII Science

Roll No: 56

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 St. Wilfred's Sr. Sec. School, Panvel
AISSCE(CLASS XII) Investigatory Project in
Chemistry
CERTIFICATE

Certified that the entries in this project is the bona fide work of Mr. Kartik
Deogirikar.
Roll No. 56 of Class XII Science Completed
during Academic year 2024-2025.

This project file was submitted for the AISSCE(CLASS XII)Investigatory Project
in Chemistry conducted on Preparation of Rayon Thread From Filter Paper and
as per the guidelines issued by CBSE.

_____________________. _____________________

Signature of Teacher. Signature of External Examiner

__________________

Signature of Principal

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
My Sincere efforts have made me to accomplish the task of completing this

project. I have taken effort in this project. However, it would not have been

possible without the kind support and help of many individuals.

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my Principal M/s. Sonia

Susan and the school for providing me with facilities required to do my

project.

I am highly indebted to my Chemistry Mr. Abhay Gaikwad for his valuable

guidance which has promoted my efforts in all the stages of his project

work. My thanks and appreciation goes to my classmates and laboratory

assistant in developing my project and to the people who has willing helped

me out with their abilities.

Finally, words are not sufficient to express gratitude to my cherished family

member for supporting me. Without their encouragement and support I

would not have reached this stage.

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 INDEX :-

Sr.No. Contents Page.no.

1. Introduction 5

2. History 6

3. Aim 7
4. Apparatus Required 8

5 Chemicals Required 8

6. Theory 9

7. Characteristics 11
8. Uses 12

9. Procedure 13

10. Conclusion 16
11. Precautions 17

12. Bibliography 18

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 INTRODUCTION :-

Rayon is a synthetic fibre produced from cellulose.

Cellulose is nature’s own giant molecule. It is the
fibrous material that every plant from seaweed to the
sequoia makes baking glucose molecules in long
chains; the chains are bound together in the fibres
that give plants their shape and strength. Wood has
now become the main source of cellulose. Since it
contains only 40% to 50% cellulose, the substances
must be extracted by ‘pulping ’. The logs are flaked,
and then simmered in chemicals that dissolve the
tarry lignin, resins and minerals. The remaining pulp,
about 93% cellulose, is dried and rolled into sheets-
raw material for paper, rayon and other products.

 HISTORY
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The preparation of rayon thread from filter paper
primarily utilizes the cuprammonium process, which
was developed in the late 19th century by C. F. Cross
and E. J. Bevan in 1891. This method involves
dissolving cellulose, derived from filter paper, in a
caustic solution to create a viscous solution. The
cellulose is then regenerated into fibers, forming
rayon. This innovative approach transformed
cellulose into a versatile textile, showcasing the
intersection of chemistry and material science in
fabric production. The process has evolved, but its
foundational principles remain integral to rayon
manufacturing today.

 AIM OF THE EXPERIMENT

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“PREPARATION OF RAYON THREAD FROM
FILTER PAPER ’’

 APPARATUS REQUIRED

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 Conical Flask
 Funnel
 Glass Rod
 Beaker
 Water Bath
 Filter Paper

 CHEMICALS REQUIRED

 CuSO4
 NaOH Solution
 Liquor Ammonia Solution
 Dilute H2SO4 Solution
 Distilled H2O

 THEORY
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1).VISCOSE PROCESS :-
Cellulose is soaked in 30% caustic soda solution for about
3 hrs. The alkali CuSO 4 .This gives cellulose xanthate,
which is dissolved in NaOH solution to give viscous
solution. This is filtered and forced through a spinneret
into a dilute H 2 SO 4 solution, both of which harden the
gum like thread into rayon fibres. The process of making
viscose was discovered by C.F.Cross and EJ.Bevan in
1891.

2). CUPRAMMONIUM RAYON :-

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Cuprammonium rayon is obtained by dissolving pieces of
filter paper in a deep blue solution containing tetra-
ammine cupric hydroxide. The latter is obtained from a
solution of copper sulphate to it, (NH) 4 OH solution is
added to precipitate cupric hydroxide, which is then
dissolved in excess of NH.

 CHARACTERISTICS
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Rayon is a synthetic fibre produced from cellulose.
Developed in an attempt to produce chemically, it
was originally called artificial silk or wood
silk .Rayon is a regenerated fibre, because cellulose
is converted to a liquid compound and then back to
cellulose in form of fibre. For example,
cuprammonium rayon is made by dissolving
cellulose in an ammoniacal copper sulphate solution.

 USES

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  They are highly absorbent
 Soft and comfortable
 Easy to dye
 Drape well

 In textile industries for making extile (fibre) like saree.

 In tyre industries for tyres cord.
 Rayon mixed with wool is used to prepare carpets.
 In medical field for preparing bandages and surgical
dressing .

 PROCEDURE
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 Preparation Of Cupramonium Hydroxide Solution
1. Weigh 20 gm of CuSO 4 .5H 2 O.

2. Transfer this to beaker having 100 ml distilled water and 15

ml dil. NaOH to prevent hydrolysis of CuSO4 .

3. Stired it with a glass rod till a clear solution is obtained.

Add 11ml of liquor ammonia drop by drop with slow
stirring. The precipitate of cupric hydroxide is separated
out.

4. Filter the solution containing cupric hydroxide through a

funnel with filter paper.

5. Wash the precipitate of cupric hydroxide with water until

the filtrate fails to give a positive test for sulphate ions with
barium chloride solution.

6. Transfer the precipitate to beaker that contains 50ml of

liquor ammonia or wash it down the funnel. The precipitate
when dissolved in liquor ammonia gives a deep blue
solution of cuprammonium hydroxide. This is known as
SCHWEITZER’S SOLUTION .

Dissolving The Cellulose Matter

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7. After weighing 2gm of filter paper divide it into very
fine pieces and then transfer these pieces to the
cuprammonium hydroxide solution in the beaker.

8. Seal the flask and keep for 10 to 15 days, during this

period the filter paper is dissolved completely.

9. The viscose solution was taken in a syringe and was

squeezed out keeping the hand in motion into a 5M H
2 SO 4 solution .

10. It was then kept for one day till blue colour of
the rayon filament became white. Rayon filaments
were then removed out from the acid bath and were
washed with water dried by keeping then on the filter
paper

Formation of Rayon Filament

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11. The viscose solution was taken in a syringe and
was squeezed out keeping the hand in motion into a
5M H 2 SO 4 solution .It was then kept for one day
till blue colour of the rayon filament became white.

12. Rayon filaments were then removed out from the

acid bath and were washed with water dried by
keeping then on the filter paper.

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 CONCLUSION
Thus we successfully prepare rayon thread using filter
paper. The results show here that the rayon thread thus
formed are used for the sole purpose of sampling.
The cupramonium method of making rayonis a
convenient method to make rayon threads. Rayon being
the most commonly used thread in the embroidery
industry, is relatively inexpensive and has a beautiful
sheen. The answer is because rayon is weak and not
colourfast. It is not the recommended quality fibre for
quilting or embroidery. Because rayon is Manufactured
from naturally occurring polymers, it is considered a
semi-synthetic fibre. Specific of rayon includes viscose,
modal and lyocell, each of which differs in
manufacturing process and the properties of finished
products.

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 PRECAUTIONS
1) Adding exec of liquor of ammonia should be
avoided.
2)Before taking the viscose into the syringe, make sure
that it dosen’t have any pieces of paper otherwise the
bits of paper tend to clog the needle of the syringe.
3)Addition of liquor ammonia should be performed in a
fume cupboard with extra care if fumes inhaled,
cause heavy giddiness.
4)Prefer using thick needle otherwise the fibre won’t
come out with preferred thickness and quality .

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  BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayon
2. https://www.slideshare.net
3. https://www.icbse.com/projects
4. https://thechemistryguru.com
5. https://cbseportal.com/Projects/Download-CBSE-
Class-XII-Chemistry
6. https://www.academia.edu
7. http://www.allprojectreports.com
8. https://en.wikipedia.org
9. https://simple.wikipedia.org
10. https://www.britannica.com/technology

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