DESIGN:

TYPES AND
ITS ASPECT
CHAPTER 2
WHAT IS DESIGN?
Design is a creative
process that combines
functionality and
creativity or aesthetics
to meet specific needs
or purposes.
WHAT IS ELEMENTS OF DESIGN?
A complete knowledge on the various
fundemental elements of art and design would
help a person to create and design a garment on
an asthetic manner. To create beautiful
garments consistantly one need to follow certain
guidelines in selecting and arranging design
elements.
1. LINE
Line creates a visual dimension
of length and width. When lines
meet, space is enclosed and a
shape is defined. Lines direct
the eyes to a certain path of
vision, orcould draw the eyes
away from an undesirable area
of the body.
 Two Kinds of Line in Garments :
Directional Line:
such as vertical, horizontal, diagonal,
chekered, broken and curved. These affect
the height and size of an individual. Lines
are serving as clothing designs like the art
of printing flowers, dots and others on
fabric.
directional line
 Two Kinds of Line in Garments:

Structural Lines
are found on necklines, armholes,
hemlines, darts, side seams, sleeves,
collars, tucks and pleats of garments.
structural line
 Types of Lines
Straight Lines
These lines are very rigid,
structural and formal in nature.
They depict masculinity in
designs. Straight lines are
forceful leading the eye to the
focal point.
 VERTICAL LINES
These produce an illusion of added
height to the outfit design by
adding and contrasting coloured
vertical band in the centre or a
center panel shown in Fig. (a) added
with vertical line gives an added
height to the outfit.
 HORIZONTAL
LINES
These lines add width
to the garment and
decrease the apparent
height.
 DIAGONAL LINES
These lines add or decrease the
height of the wearer depending on
their slope. Diagonal lines should
be combined with vertical or
horizontal lines. If they are used
alone for the entire dress the
effect will be disturbing
 Curved Lines
These are more pleasing to the
eyes. These are soft and depict
femininity in designs. Curved
lines are informal, and relaxed
in nature. These are more
suitable for female garments.
 Zigzag Lines
A zigzag line is an angular
shape characterized by sharp
turns in alternating directions.
These lines have short sharp
turns and angles. It is said to
be a tracing a path between
two parallel lines.
2. SHAPE
• specific configuration of
the line or plane in 2-dimension
is defined as shape, that
separates a form from the
background space. Shapes of
clothing determine the outer
shape of a person, as shape
describes the outer dimensions
of an object.
2. SHAPE
• The silhouette creates an
impression about the person. The shape
in a garment may be modified in
different ways. The shapes of garment
may be modified in different ways. The
shapes are introduced in garment
through features such as bodice, skirt
sleeve, collar and yoke. When lines are
joined to enclose space, they result in an
outline joined to enclose a contour or
shape.
Geometric Shapes
➤ Rectangle
Opposite sides of this shape are equal.
Styles with these lines are slenderizing
and suitable for the well proportioned,
heavier women. It is Influenced by three
factors namely shape, size and position.
The examples for a rectangular shape are
garments with long, straight, hanging in
loose, graceful folds.
 ➤ Triangle
Triangular shape is three sided. It may
be formed also in an inverted position
in the garments. It contributes unity
and balance to the garments as It is
stable. Examples are garments with
wide shoulders, narrow skirt, dolman
or raglan sleeves are good fashion
design styles for large bust.
➤ Square
A square has all sides equal. It gives visual
clarity due to its regularity. Examples are
garments with straight or boat shaped
neckline, boxy jackets and capes.
Generally this style is very good for the
very thin figured women, however, with
proportions well planned and good design
fabric can camouflage various figure
irregularities.
➤ Round
The round shapes are suitable for
formal wear or afternoon frocks. This
design in fashion garments is the
most attractive on the very young
and the very thin figure. Examples
for this shape are wide, crinoline
lined skirts, petal shapes and puffed
sleeves.
➤ Hourglass
Hourglass shape is natural and
gives smooth fit over hips and
full skirt at bottom. It also gives a
very good appearance for the
tall, thin figure. Examples: wide
shoulders and leg of mutton
sleeves.
➤ Oval
This shape is good for well
proportioned, ideal figure. It is
suitable especially for afternoon
and evening wears. Examples:
draped and softly molded, very
feminine and decorative
garments.
➤ Circles
This shape is useful and compact.
It represents unity, continuity
and economy.
3.Texture
It is tactile which refers to the surface
quality and is assessed through feel of a
fabric. The fabric is said to be smooth, rough,
soft or hard to touch. Visual texture is the
illusion of 3 dimension surface. Imagine
running hand on denim or satin fabric. The
denim fabric gives a rough texture where as a
satin gives a soft and smooth texture. The
rough texture absorbs more light and
smooth surface reflects light.
4. COLOR
Color helps establish a mood
for your composition. When
light waves strike an object and
reflect back to the optic nerve
in a human’s eyes, the
sensation they perceive is
called color.
5. VALUE
refers to the lightness or
darkness of a color. The values of
a color are often visualized in a
gradient, which displays a series
of variations on one hue,
arranged from the lightest to the
darkest.
6. SPACE
Making proper use of space can help
others view your design as you
intended. White space or negative
space is the space between or
around the focal point of an image.
Positive space is the space that your
subject matter takes up in your
composition.
7. FORM
pertains to the way that a shape or
physical configuration occupies space.
Instead of creating form through three-
dimensional physical shape, designers
create the appearance of form on a flat
surface by using light, shadow, the
appearance of an object’s contours,
negative space, and the surrounding
objects around the subject matter.
 A design can be defined as an arrangement
of lines, shape, colours and texture, that
create a visual image. Designing means
moving from the state of randomness to the
higher state of organization, to create a
design or impression or to communicate an
important / innovative idea.
 TYPES OF DESIGN
Structural Design
Includes the all over design of a garment
its form and shape plus all the details
involved in assembling the sections of the
garment such as darts, pleats, tucks etc.
STRUCTURAL DESIGN
Applied Design
refers to decorative or ornamental
elements that are added to a garment to
enhance its visual appeal. These designs
are not inherent to the garment's
structure or construction but are applied
after the foundational design is complete.
 ASPECTS OF DESIGN

The beauty of the garment becomes

useless if it pinches when worn,
hampers partially or completely the
body movement of the wearer, has
uncomfortable binding and do not serve
the purpose desired as per the end use.
FUNCTIONAL DESIGN AND ITS
PURPOSE
Functional design
expresses how a
garment is supposed to
work physically and how
to carry out the
function.
 STRUCTURAL DESIGN AND ITS PURPOSE

Structural design of a garment supports it

to perform efficiently as per the general
or special needs of the person. It decides
on what, where and how the elements of
the design have to be used such that they
relate to each other and to the body of
the wearer.
 DECORATIVE DESIGN AND ITS
PURPOSE
Decorative design incorporates
only exterior in the garments. It
neither affects fit nor
performance of the garment,
but contributes to the over all
purpose of the garment.
THANK
YOU!!
for listening!!