Table of Contents

1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 2

2. OBJECTIVES ....................................................................................................................... 2

3. SCOPE ................................................................................................................................. 2

3.1 Field investigation Program ............................................................................................. 2

3.2 Laboratory investigations ................................................................................................ 2

4. FIELD INVESTIGATION ........................................................................................................ 2

5. NATURE OF SOIL STRATA................................................................................................ 3

6. LABORATORY INVESTIGATION....................................................................................... 3

6.1. Water Content Test (Natural Moisture Content) ........................................................... 3

6.2. Particle Size Analysis ....................................................................................................... 3

6.3. Atterberg Limits(Test not Feasiblea due to non-plastic nature of soil) .......................... 5

6.4. Direct Shear Test ............................................................................................................. 5

7. EVALUATION OF GEOTECHNICAL INFORMATION ....................................................... 6

7.1 Laboratory and Field Investigation Results...................................................................... 6

7.2 Allowable Bearing Pressure ............................................................................................. 7

8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................... 9

9. REFERENCE ............................................................................................................................. 9

ANNEX 1: BORE HOLE LOG

ANNEX 2: LABORATORY TEST SHEET AND CALCULATIONS
ANNEX 3: PHOTOGRAPHS
Geo technical Soil Investigation for Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building at Khadak Municipality
Kalyanpur, Saptari District

1. INTRODUCTION
The report presents the detail geotechnical soil investigation works in order to prepare
the design of the Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building at Khadak Municipality
Kalyanpur, Saptari District. The geotechnical investigation works comprise the
exploratory drilling, in-situ field-testing SPT test, borehole logging, and collection of
samples. Necessary tests on soil samples were conducted for detail information on
subsurface conditions and index properties of the soil strata. The work finally develops
safe bearing capacity of the foundation for the proposed building.

2. OBJECTIVES
This investigation works aim to carry out subsurface investigation and acquire soil
parameters required for the design of building with National standard and
norms.

3. SCOPE
The scope of work comprises the following activities:
3.1 Field investigation Program
 Percussion Boring
 Standard Penetration Test
3.2 Laboratory investigations
 Moisture content
 Sieve analysis (coarse/fine grained soil)
 Direct shear test

All field and laboratory tests data sheets together with conclusion and recommendation
are included in this report.

4. FIELD INVESTIGATION
The field investigation was mainly consisted of three boreholes at site. The boreholes
BH-1/BH2/BH3 are spread over the area of the proposed building site . The drilling was

2|Page
Geo technical Soil Investigation for Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building at Khadak Municipality
Kalyanpur, Saptari District

started on 2081/07/2 and ended on 2081/07/3. The boreholes reached the depth of
10m. The drilling work was performed with Percussion drilling machine. Casings of 6-
inch diameter were used for purpose of protecting hole from collapsing by side fall or
caving.

Standard Penetration Tests: It consists of driving a Split Spoon sampler with an

outside dia. of 50 mm into the soil at the base of borehole. Driving is accomplished by a
drop of hammer weighing 63.5 kg falling freely through a height of 750 mm onto the
drive head. First of all the spoon is driven 150mm into the soil at the bottom of the
borehole. It is then driven further 300mm and the number of blows (N values) required
to drive this distance is recorded.

5. NATURE OF SOIL STRATA

Altogether three boreholes were drilled. BH-1/BH2/BH3. All borehole consisted of
Clayeysilt and mixed layer of sand and clay and layer of fine to Coarse sand layer up to
10m.

6. LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
The selective samples from the borehole at various depth sample shall be taken
wherever possible and the laboratory tests of samples would be performed. Other tests
comprised of natural moisture content, sieve analysis and direct shear test.

6.1. Water Content Test (Natural Moisture Content)

Natural moisture content test had been determined in accordance with ASTM D2216
(Oven –drying method) of soil samples.

6.2. Particle Size Analysis

Soil gradation is a classification of a coarse-grained soil that ranks the soil based on the
different particle sizes contained in the soil. Soil gradation is an important aspect of soil
mechanics and geotechnical engineering because it is an indicator of other engineering
properties such as compressibility, shear strength, and hydraulic conductivity. In a
design, the gradation of the in situ or on site soil often controls the design and ground

3|Page
Geo technical Soil Investigation for Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building at Khadak Municipality
Kalyanpur, Saptari District

water drainage of the site. A poorly graded soil will have better drainage than a well
graded soil. Soil is graded as either well graded or poorly graded. Poorly graded soils
are further divided into uniformly-graded or gap-graded soils. Soil gradation is
determined by analyzing the results of a sieve analysis or a hydrometer analysis.

The process for grading a soil is in accordance with the Unified Soil Classification
System. Gradation of a soil is determined by reading the grain size distribution curve
produced from the results of laboratory tests on the soil.
a. Calculating the Coefficients of Uniformity and Curvature
Calculating the coefficients of uniformity and curvature requires grain diameters. The
grain diameter can be found for each percent of the soil passing a particular sieve. This
means that if 40% of the sample is retained on the No. 20 sieve then there is 60%
passing the No. 20 sieve.
The coefficient of uniformity, Cu is a crude shape parameter and is calculated using the
following equation:

where, D60 is the grain diameter at 60% passing, and

D10 is the grain diameter at 10% passing.
The coefficient of curvature, Cc is a shape parameter and is calculated using the
following equation:

where, D60 is the grain diameter at 60% passing, D30 is the grain diameter at 30%
passing, and D10 is the grain diameter at 10% passing.

Particle Size Distribution D50 is also known as the median diameter or the medium value
of the particle size distribution, it is the value of the particle diameter at 50% in the
cumulative distribution curve.
b. Criteria for Grading Soils
The following criteria are in accordance with the Unified Soil Classification System:
For a gravel to be classified as well graded, the following criteria must be met: Cu > 4 &
1 < Cc < 3. If both of these criteria are met, the gravel is classified as well graded or GW.
If both of these criteria are not met, the gravel is classified as poorly graded or GP. For a
4|Page
Geo technical Soil Investigation for Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building at Khadak Municipality
Kalyanpur, Saptari District

sand to be classified as well graded, the following criteria must be met: Cu > 6 & 1 < Cc <
3. If both of these criteria are met, the sand is classified as well graded or SW. If both of
these criteria are not met, the sand is classified as poorly graded or SP.
6.3. Atterberg Limits(Test not Feasiblea due to non-plastic nature of soil)
The Atterberg limits are the basic measures of the nature of a fine-grained soil.
Depending on the water content of the soil, it may appear in four states: solid, semi-
solid, plastic and liquid. In each state the consistency and behavior of a soil is different
and thus so are its engineering properties.

The liquid limit (LL) is the water content at which a soil changes from plastic to liquid
behavior. Casagrande standardized the apparatus and the procedures to make the
measurement more repeatable. Soil is placed into the metal cup, portion of the device
and a groove is made down its center with a standardized tool of 13.5 millimeters
width. The cup is repeatedly dropped 10mm onto a hard rubber base at a rate of 120
blows per minute, during which the groove closes up gradually as a result of the impact.
The number of blows for the groove to close is recorded. The moisture content at which
it takes 25 drops of the cup to cause the groove to close over a distance of 13.5
millimeters is defined as the liquid limit. The test is normally run at several moisture
contents, and the moisture content which requires 25 blows to close the groove is
interpolated from the test results.

The plastic limit (PL) is the water content where soil transitions between brittle and
plastic behavior. The sample is rolled up to the diameter of 3 mm when it starts to
crumbles; the percentage of water content is recorded. The plastic limit test is defined
by ASTM standard test method D 4318.
 Classification of Soil
The soil samples are classified according to Unified Soil Classification System (USCS)
based on the laboratory tests i.e. gradation test.

6.4. Direct Shear Test

This test is performed to determine the consolidated-drained shear strength of a sandy
to silty soil. The shear strength is one of the most important engineering properties of a

5|Page
Geo technical Soil Investigation for Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building at Khadak Municipality
Kalyanpur, Saptari District

soil, because it is required whenever a structure is dependent on the soil’s shearing

resistance.

Direct shear tests can be performed under several conditions. The sample is normally
saturated before the test is run, but can be run at the in-situ moisture content. The rate
of strain can be varied to create a test of undrained or drained conditions, depending
whether the strain is applied slowly enough for water in the sample to prevent pore-
water pressure build up. In the laboratory, a direct shear device will be used to
determine the shear strength of cohesion less soil (i.e. angle of internal friction (Φ)).
From the plot of the shear stress versus the horizontal displacement, the maximum
shear stress is obtained for a specific vertical confining stress. After the experiment is
run several times for various vertical-confining stresses, a plot of the maxi mum shear
stresses versus the vertical (normal) confining stresses for each of the tests is produced.
From the plot, a straight-line approximation of the Mohr-Coulomb failure envelope
curve can be drawn, Φ may be determined, and, for cohesion less soils, the shear
strength can be computed from the following equation:
τ=C+σtanΦ

7. EVALUATION OF GEOTECHNICAL INFORMATION

7.1 Laboratory and Field Investigation Results
The results of physical and index properties of soil samples collected from various
depths are presented in the following test result sheet. The details of strength
properties of soil at different depth of drilled holes are also given in test result sheet.

6|Page
Geo technical Soil Investigation for Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building at Khadak Municipality
Kalyanpur, Saptari District

7.2 Allowable Bearing Pressure

When we design foundation, we must see that the structure is safe on following two
criteria;
 The supporting soil should be safe from shear failure due to the loads imposed
on it by the super structures,
 The settlement of the foundation must be within permissible limits
Hence, the allowable bearing pressure (qa) is the maximum pressure that can be
imposed on the foundation soil taking into consideration the ultimate bearing capacity
of the soil and the tolerable settlement of the structure. Thus obtained N values were
corrected for overburden as suggested by Peck et al. (1974) prior to bearing capacity
computation:
N corr  0.77 N rec log(2000 /  v ' ) (7.1)

Where,  v '  Effective Overburden pressure (KN/m2)

N rec  Recorded SPT value, N corr  Corrected SPT value

Dilatancy correction is to be applied when obtained after overburden correction,

exceeds 15 in saturated fine sands and silts. The standard incorporates the Terzaghi and
Peck recommended dilatancy correction (when > 15) using the equation
N= Nr (when Nr≤ 15) and N= 15+ (Nr-15)/2 (7.2)
Where, Nr= SPT Blows count from field

Considering the worst condition of water table at ground, suitable correction factor of
Rw1 and Rw2 (0.5) is used for getting the ultimate bearing capacity, assuming that the
whole depth is saturated. The following empirical equations are used for the open
foundation on granular soils (Terzaghi with water correction).
Qult=1.2*0.667*C. Nc. +Ƴ.Df.Nq.Rw1 +0.4Ƴ.B.NƳ.Rw2 (7.3)

where, qult is net ultimate bearing pressure, psf; N, corrected standard penetration
resistance value; B, width of footing, ft; D, depth of footing, ft, and Rw1 and Rw2,
correction factor for position of water table. The allowable bearing pressure can be
obtained by applying factor of safety 3.

7|Page
Geo technical Soil Investigation for Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building at Khadak Municipality
Kalyanpur, Saptari District

Similarly, the allowable bearing pressure for Spread or Strip foundation based on
tolerable settlement of 25 mm is given by the following empirical (Modified Meyerhof
equation for settlement) relationship:
25mm Settlement: 12.5N((B+0.3)/B)^2. Rw1 . (1+0.33(Df/B)) (7.4)
where (1+0.33(Df/B)) <=1.33
where :qa = net allowable bearing pressure, psf,
N = SPT value corrected with respect to overburden
B = width of footing, ft
D = depth of footing, ft
Rw’ = water table correction factor for worst condition (0.5)

Bearing capacity table MAT Foundation

Spread footing Table

Depth
Dimension
1.5 m 2m 2.5 m 3m
1.5 m x 1.5 m 73.1 KN/m2 87.9 KN/m2 102.6 KN/m2 117.3 KN/m2
2m x 2m 76.2 KN/m2 90.9 KN/m2 105.7 KN/m2 120.4 KN/m2
2.5 m x 2.5 m 79.3 KN/m2 94 KN/m2 108.7 KN/m2 123.5 KN/m2
3m x 3m 82.3 KN/m2 97 KN/m2 111.8 KN/m2 126.5 KN/m2

Mat Footing table

Depth 1.5 m 2m 2.5 m 3m
8m x 8m 80.52 KN/m2 101.57 KN/m2 141.54 KN/m2 153.42 KN/m2
10 m x 10 m 79.76 KN/m2 100.34 KN/m2 139.34 KN/m2 150.75 KN/m2
12 m x 12 m 79.25 KN/m2 99.52 KN/m2 137.88 KN/m2 148.97 KN/m2
15 m x 15 m 78.73 KN/m2 98.70 KN/m2 136.41 KN/m2 147.19 KN/m2

Mat Footing Modulus of Subgrade reaction K 25mm settlment table

Depth 1.5 m 2m 2.5 m 3m
8m x 8 m 9662.97 KN/m3 12187.84 KN/m3 16985.35 KN/m3 18410.74 KN/m3
10 m x 10 m 9570.84 KN/m3 12040.42 KN/m3 16721.23 KN/m3 18090.11 KN/m3
12 m x 12 m 9509.42 KN/m3 11942.14 KN/m3 16545.15 KN/m3 17876.36 KN/m3
15 m x 15 m 9447.99 KN/m3 11843.87 KN/m3 16369.07 KN/m3 17662.61 KN/m3

8|Page
Geo technical Soil Investigation for Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building at Khadak Municipality
Kalyanpur, Saptari District

8. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

1. The detail field and laboratory investigations of three boreholes have revealed mostly
material with Clayeysilt with fine to coarse sand and siltyclay layer SP, SC soil types as
per the Unified Soil Classification System.

2. The Plasticity Index of the soil does not exist

3. Analyzing the strata of soil it is appropriate for the design of Spread foundation
or MAT foundation and depth depending upon the design of the building.

4. Although the various bearing capacity has been calculated in the geotechnical table
for various depth, the foundation depth shall be adjusted based on load from
superstructures and site condition.

5. The present study area lies in Saptari district where Peak Ground Horizontal Acceleration
is around 0.3g.

6. Angle of Friction is 25 Degree with Cohesion 5KN/m2.

7. The Unit weight of soil is 17KN/m2.

8. The gravel soling must be done below foundation of 0.5m with Mechanical compaction.

9. REFERENCE

a. Terzaghi and Peck, 1978; Peck et al. (1974); Teng (1988)

b. Bieniawski Z. T. The point load test in geotechnical practice, engineering geology

1977

9|Page
Geo technical Soil Investigation for Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building at Khadak Municipality
Kalyanpur, Saptari District

c. ISRM: point load test ;RTH 325-89

d. ASTM standard test method D 4318

10 | P a g e
ANNEX-1 BORE HOLE LOG
 Bore Hole Log
Project: Geotechnical soil investigation forKhadak Municipality Cold storage Building Sheet no: 1 of 3
Client: Start Date: 2/7/2081
Location: Khadak Municipality Kalyanpur, Saptari District Finish Date: 3/7/2081
Bore Hole:BH1 Easting:
Drilling Type:Percussion Northing:
GW level: 3.5m Elevation:
Depth No of Blows
Depth Sample Barrel and Soil N Remar
Scale 1 cell
Casing
Soil Classification Type 15c 15c 15c
m Run symbol value k
= 0.5m m m m
0.5
1 1.5 R1 Clayeysilt
SPT 3 2 3 5
2

3 SPT 5 5 5 10
4.5 R2 sand and clay mix

4
SPT 6 6 7 13
5

6 SPT 3 8 5 13

7
10 R3 sand SPT 7 6 9 15
8

9 SPT 9 10 9 19

10
SPT 10 12 12 24
Borehole ended at the depth of 10m
11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20
Logged by : Asilal Chaudhari Approved By Santosh Yadav
 Bore Hole Log
Project: Geotechnical soil investigation forKhadak Municipality Cold storage Building Sheet no: 2 of 3
Client: Start Date: 2/7/2081
Location: Khadak Municipality Kalyanpur, Saptari District Finish Date: 3/7/2081
Bore Hole:BH2 Easting:
Drilling Type:Percussion Northing:
GW level: 3.5m Elevation:
Depth No of Blows
Depth Sample Barrel and Soil N Remar
Scale 1 cell
Casing
Soil Classification Type 15c 15c 15c
m Run symbol value k
= 0.5m m m m
0.5
1 1.5 R1 Clayeysilt
SPT 2 3 3 6
2
3 R2 sand and clay
3 SPT 3 3 4 7

4
SPT 3 5 9 14
5

6 SPT 7 8 7 15

10 R3 sand
7
SPT 10 9 12 21
8

9 SPT 7 12 12 24

10
SPT 9 10 13 23
Borehole ended at the depth of 10m
11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20
Logged by : Asilal Chaudhari Approved By Santosh Yadav
 Bore Hole Log
Project: Geotechnical soil investigation forKhadak Municipality Cold storage Building Sheet no: 3 of 3
Client: Start Date: 2/7/2081
Location: Khadak Municipality Kalyanpur, Saptari District Finish Date: 3/7/2081
Bore Hole:BH3 Easting:
Drilling Type:Percussion Northing:
GW level: 3.5m Elevation:
Depth No of Blows
Depth Sample Barrel and Soil N Remar
Scale 1 cell
Casing
Soil Classification Type 15c 15c 15c
m Run symbol value k
= 0.5m m m m
0.5
1 1.5 R1 Clayeysilt
SPT 4 3 5 8
2
3 R2 sand and clay
3 SPT 5 6 5 11

4
SPT 7 7 9 16
5

6 SPT 9 10 10 20

10 R3 sand
7
SPT 10 10 11 21
8

9 SPT 10 11 15 26

10
SPT 9 7 9 16
Borehole ended at the depth of 10m
11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20
Logged by : Asilal Chaudhari Approved By Santosh Yadav
ANNEX -2 LABORATORY TEST SHEET AND
CALCULATIONS
 MOISTURE CONTENT

Project Geotechnical soil investigation forKhadak Municipality Cold storage Building

Location Khadak Municipality Kalyanpur, Saptari District

Test No. NMC

LOCATION:---> BH-01
SAMPLE DEPTH, m : ---> 1.5 4.5 7.5
Container No. No A-18 B-19 B-20 B-21 B-22 B-23
Wt. of Container + Wt. of Wet Soil gm 189.0 197.0 194.0 190.0 191.0 195.0
Wt. of Container + Wt. of Dry Soil gm 162.0 167.0 182.0 181.0 177.0 179.0
Wt. of Water, Ww gm 27.0 30.0 12.0 9.0 14.0 16.0
Wt. of Empty Container gm 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0
Wt. of Dry Soil, Wd gm 127.0 132.0 147.0 146.0 142.0 144.0
Moisture Content % 21.3 22.7 8.2 6.2 9.9 11.1
Average Moisture Content % 22.0 7.2 10.5

LOCATION:---> BH-02
SAMPLE DEPTH, m : ---> 1.5 4.5 7.5
Container No. No P-12 P-22 P-23 P-24 P-25 P-26
Wt. of Container + Wt. of Wet Soil gm 199.0 198.0 188.0 178.0 182.0 185.0
Wt. of Container + Wt. of Dry Soil gm 172.0 173.0 175.0 165.0 166.0 167.0
Wt. of Water, Ww gm 27.0 25.0 13.0 13.0 16.0 18.0
Wt. of Empty Container gm 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0
Wt. of Dry Soil, Wd gm 137.0 138.0 140.0 130.0 131.0 132.0
Moisture Content % 19.7 18.1 9.3 10.0 12.2 13.6
Average Moisture Content % 18.9 9.6 12.9
 MOISTURE CONTENT

Project Geotechnical soil investigation forKhadak Municipality Cold storage Building

Location Khadak Municipality Kalyanpur, Saptari District

Test No. NMC

LOCATION:---> BH-03
SAMPLE DEPTH, m : ---> 1.5 4.5 7.5
Container No. No A-18 B-19 B-20 B-21 B-22 B-23
Wt. of Container + Wt. of Wet Soil gm 189.0 197.0 199.0 190.0 191.0 195.3
Wt. of Container + Wt. of Dry Soil gm 166.0 167.0 175.0 172.0 178.0 179.0
Wt. of Water, Ww gm 23.0 30.0 24.0 18.0 13.0 16.3
Wt. of Empty Container gm 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.0
Wt. of Dry Soil, Wd gm 131.0 132.0 140.0 137.0 143.0 144.0
Moisture Content % 17.6 22.7 17.1 13.1 9.1 11.3
Average Moisture Content % 20.1 15.1 10.2
 Sieve Analysis (ASTM D 136, 422)
Sheet No: 1 of 2

Project: Geotechnical soil investigation for Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building BH01
Location: Saptari
LAT LON
Sample from: Building site
Sample Depth: 1.5-3.0 m
Oven Dry Wt.: 400.0 gm

Wt. Retained, Cum. Retained, Cum Wt.

Diam. (mm) Sieve No. Passing, % Remarks
gm gm Ret., %
19 3/4 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
12.5 1/2 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
9.5 3/8 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
4.75 #4 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
2.36 #8 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
1.18 # 16 89.0 89.0 22.3 77.8
0.3 # 50 77.0 166.0 41.5 58.5
0.15 #100 25.0 191.0 47.8 52.3
0.075 #200 17.0 208.0 52.0 48.0

Pan 192.0

Results:
Gravel % 0.0 D50= 0.15mm
Sand % 52.0
Fines % Silt 35.4
Fines % Clay 12.6
 HYDROMETER ANALYSIS ASTM D 422

Project : Geotechnical soil investigation for Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building 0 BH01
Location: Saptari
Sample from: Building site
Test No.: DH 02-H2

Gs = 2.500
yw = 0.99802
m= 9.81
yc = 0.9965 SOIL SAMPLE WEIGHT
Tested Sample Poured off

Hydrometer No : 1 Container No. B-16

Dispersing Agent : Sodium HM 4% Weight of Container + Dry Soil g 106.8
Amount : 5 g per 125 cc Weight of Container g 56.8
Meniscus correction x 1,000= 0.50 Weight of Dry Soil, Ws g 50
Total Weight Dry Soil g 50
Fraction Finer No. 200 Sieve= 48.0 %

Elapsed N= D=
Date Time Hyd. Time, t R= Rw = Temp. R-Rw K1(R-Rw) Rc Zr Zr (cm) K2 Zr N'
0
Reading min 1000 (r-1) 1000(yw-1) c % cm. t (min) t %

2-Mar 1.02200 0.25 22.00 -0.90 15 22.90 76.07 22.50 11.58 6.807 0.0962 36.5
1.02100 0.50 21.00 -0.90 15 21.90 72.74 21.50 11.92 4.883 0.0690 34.9
1.02000 1.00 20.00 -0.90 15 20.90 69.42 20.50 12.26 3.502 0.0495 33.3
1.01900 2.00 19.00 -0.90 16 19.90 66.10 19.50 12.60 2.510 0.0355 31.7
1.01800 3.00 18.00 -0.90 16 18.90 62.78 18.50 9.83 1.810 0.0256 30.1
1.01700 5.00 17.00 -0.90 16 17.90 59.46 17.50 10.17 1.426 0.0202 28.5
1.01600 8.00 16.00 -0.90 16 16.90 56.14 16.50 10.50 1.146 0.0162 26.9
1.01500 15.00 15.00 -0.90 18 15.90 52.81 15.50 10.84 0.850 0.0120 25.4
1.01000 30.00 10.00 -0.90 18 10.90 36.21 10.50 12.54 0.646 0.0091 17.4
1.00900 60.00 9.00 -0.90 18 9.90 32.88 9.50 12.87 0.463 0.0065 15.8
1.00800 120.00 8.00 -0.90 18 8.90 29.56 8.50 13.21 0.332 0.0047 14.2
1.00800 240.00 8.00 -0.90 18 8.90 29.56 8.50 13.21 0.235 0.0033 14.2
6/4 1.00700 1200.00 7.00 -0.90 16 7.90 26.24 7.50 13.55 0.106 0.0015 12.6

K1 = yc x Gs x 100 = 3.321666667 yc = Unit Wt. of water at the temp.of hydrometer

(Gs - 1) Ws calibration, g/cm3
Gs = Specific gravity of solids
Ws = Wt. Of dry soil, g
K2 = 5.531 x 10-3 m= 0.014132779 m= Viscosity of water at the temp. of the test,
ys-yw millipoises
ys = Unit Wt. of soil grains, g/cm3
yw = Unit Wt. of water at the temp.of the test, g/cm3
 Sieve Analysis (ASTM D 136, 422)

Project : Geotechnical soil investigation for Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building Sample ID: BH01
Location: Saptari
Sample from: Building site
Sample Depth: 1.5-3.0 m

GRAVEL SAND
Unified Soil Classification COBBLES SILT or CLAY
System Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine

A A S H T O Classification GRAVEL SAND SILT CLAY

BOULDERS Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Fine

GRAVEL SAND
ASTM Classification BOULDER COBBLE SILT CLAY
Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine

BS GRAVEL SAND SILT

BOULDERS COBBLE CLAY
Classification Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Medium Fine

100

90

80

70
Percentage passing

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
1000 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001
Particle size mm
 Sieve Analysis (ASTM D 136, 422)
Sheet No: 1 of 2

Project: Geotechnical soil investigation for Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building BH02
Location: Saptari
LAT LON
Sample from: Building site
Sample Depth: 1.5-3.0 m
Oven Dry Wt.: 400.0 gm

Wt. Retained, Cum. Retained, Cum Wt.

Diam. (mm) Sieve No. Passing, % Remarks
gm gm Ret., %
19 3/4 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
12.5 1/2 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
9.5 3/8 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
4.75 #4 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
2.36 #8 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
1.18 # 16 89.0 89.0 22.3 77.8
0.3 # 50 77.0 166.0 41.5 58.5
0.15 #100 10.0 176.0 44.0 56.0
0.075 #200 11.0 187.0 46.8 53.3

Pan 6.0

Results:
Gravel % 0.0 D50= 0.13mm
Sand % 46.8
Fines % Silt 39.3
Fines % Clay 14.0
 HYDROMETER ANALYSIS ASTM D 422

Project : Geotechnical soil investigation for Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building 0 BH02
Location: Saptari
Sample from: Building site
Test No.: DH 02-H2

Gs = 2.500
yw = 0.99802
m= 9.81
yc = 0.9965 SOIL SAMPLE WEIGHT
Tested Sample Poured off

Hydrometer No : 1 Container No. B-16

Dispersing Agent : Sodium HM 4% Weight of Container + Dry Soil g 106.8
Amount : 5 g per 125 cc Weight of Container g 56.8
Meniscus correction x 1,000= 0.50 Weight of Dry Soil, Ws g 50
Total Weight Dry Soil g 50
Fraction Finer No. 200 Sieve= 53.3 %

Elapsed N= D=
Date Time Hyd. Time, t R= Rw = Temp. R-Rw K1(R-Rw) Rc Zr Zr (cm) K2 Zr N'
0
Reading min 1000 (r-1) 1000(yw-1) c % cm. t (min) t %

2-Mar 1.02200 0.25 22.00 -0.90 15 22.90 76.07 22.50 11.58 6.807 0.0962 40.5
1.02100 0.50 21.00 -0.90 15 21.90 72.74 21.50 11.92 4.883 0.0690 38.7
1.02000 1.00 20.00 -0.90 15 20.90 69.42 20.50 12.26 3.502 0.0495 37.0
1.01900 2.00 19.00 -0.90 16 19.90 66.10 19.50 12.60 2.510 0.0355 35.2
1.01800 3.00 18.00 -0.90 16 18.90 62.78 18.50 9.83 1.810 0.0256 33.4
1.01700 5.00 17.00 -0.90 16 17.90 59.46 17.50 10.17 1.426 0.0202 31.7
1.01600 8.00 16.00 -0.90 16 16.90 56.14 16.50 10.50 1.146 0.0162 29.9
1.01500 15.00 15.00 -0.90 18 15.90 52.81 15.50 10.84 0.850 0.0120 28.1
1.01000 30.00 10.00 -0.90 18 10.90 36.21 10.50 12.54 0.646 0.0091 19.3
1.00900 60.00 9.00 -0.90 18 9.90 32.88 9.50 12.87 0.463 0.0065 17.5
1.00800 120.00 8.00 -0.90 18 8.90 29.56 8.50 13.21 0.332 0.0047 15.7
1.00800 240.00 8.00 -0.90 18 8.90 29.56 8.50 13.21 0.235 0.0033 15.7
6/4 1.00700 1200.00 7.00 -0.90 16 7.90 26.24 7.50 13.55 0.106 0.0015 14.0

K1 = yc x Gs x 100 = 3.321666667 yc = Unit Wt. of water at the temp.of hydrometer

(Gs - 1) Ws calibration, g/cm3
Gs = Specific gravity of solids
Ws = Wt. Of dry soil, g
K2 = 5.531 x 10-3 m= 0.014132779 m= Viscosity of water at the temp. of the test,
ys-yw millipoises
ys = Unit Wt. of soil grains, g/cm3
yw = Unit Wt. of water at the temp.of the test, g/cm3
 Sieve Analysis (ASTM D 136, 422)

Project : Geotechnical soil investigation for Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building Sample ID: BH02
Location: Saptari
Sample from: Building site
Sample Depth: 1.5-3.0 m

GRAVEL SAND
Unified Soil Classification COBBLES SILT or CLAY
System Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine

A A S H T O Classification GRAVEL SAND SILT CLAY

BOULDERS Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Fine

GRAVEL SAND
ASTM Classification BOULDER COBBLE SILT CLAY
Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine

BS GRAVEL SAND SILT

BOULDERS COBBLE CLAY
Classification Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Medium Fine

100

90

80

70
Percentage passing

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
1000 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001
Particle size mm
 Sieve Analysis (ASTM D 136, 422)
Sheet No: 1 of 2

Project: Geotechnical soil investigation for Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building BH03
Location: Saptari
LAT LON
Sample from: Building site
Sample Depth: 1.5-3.0 m
Oven Dry Wt.: 400.0 gm

Wt. Retained, Cum. Retained, Cum Wt.

Diam. (mm) Sieve No. Passing, % Remarks
gm gm Ret., %
19 3/4 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
12.5 1/2 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
9.5 3/8 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
4.75 #4 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
2.36 #8 0.0 0.0 0.0 100.0
1.18 # 16 75.0 75.0 18.8 81.3
0.3 # 50 45.0 120.0 30.0 70.0
0.15 #100 32.0 152.0 38.0 62.0
0.075 #200 11.0 163.0 40.8 59.3

Pan 6.0

Results:
Gravel % 0.0 D50= 0.12mm
Sand % 40.8
Fines % Silt 43.7
Fines % Clay 15.5
 HYDROMETER ANALYSIS ASTM D 422

Project : Geotechnical soil investigation for Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building 0 BH03
Location: Saptari
Sample from: Building site
Test No.: DH 02-H2

Gs = 2.500
yw = 0.99802
m= 9.81
yc = 0.9965 SOIL SAMPLE WEIGHT
Tested Sample Poured off

Hydrometer No : 1 Container No. B-16

Dispersing Agent : Sodium HM 4% Weight of Container + Dry Soil g 106.8
Amount : 5 g per 125 cc Weight of Container g 56.8
Meniscus correction x 1,000= 0.50 Weight of Dry Soil, Ws g 50
Total Weight Dry Soil g 50
Fraction Finer No. 200 Sieve= 59.3 %

Elapsed N= D=
Date Time Hyd. Time, t R= Rw = Temp. R-Rw K1(R-Rw) Rc Zr Zr (cm) K2 Zr N'
0
Reading min 1000 (r-1) 1000(yw-1) c % cm. t (min) t %

2-Mar 1.02200 0.25 22.00 -0.90 15 22.90 76.07 22.50 11.58 6.807 0.0962 45.1
1.02100 0.50 21.00 -0.90 15 21.90 72.74 21.50 11.92 4.883 0.0690 43.1
1.02000 1.00 20.00 -0.90 15 20.90 69.42 20.50 12.26 3.502 0.0495 41.1
1.01900 2.00 19.00 -0.90 16 19.90 66.10 19.50 12.60 2.510 0.0355 39.2
1.01800 3.00 18.00 -0.90 16 18.90 62.78 18.50 9.83 1.810 0.0256 37.2
1.01700 5.00 17.00 -0.90 16 17.90 59.46 17.50 10.17 1.426 0.0202 35.2
1.01600 8.00 16.00 -0.90 16 16.90 56.14 16.50 10.50 1.146 0.0162 33.3
1.01500 15.00 15.00 -0.90 18 15.90 52.81 15.50 10.84 0.850 0.0120 31.3
1.01000 30.00 10.00 -0.90 18 10.90 36.21 10.50 12.54 0.646 0.0091 21.5
1.00900 60.00 9.00 -0.90 18 9.90 32.88 9.50 12.87 0.463 0.0065 19.5
1.00800 120.00 8.00 -0.90 18 8.90 29.56 8.50 13.21 0.332 0.0047 17.5
1.00800 240.00 8.00 -0.90 18 8.90 29.56 8.50 13.21 0.235 0.0033 17.5
6/4 1.00700 1200.00 7.00 -0.90 16 7.90 26.24 7.50 13.55 0.106 0.0015 15.5

K1 = yc x Gs x 100 = 3.321666667 yc = Unit Wt. of water at the temp.of hydrometer

(Gs - 1) Ws calibration, g/cm3
Gs = Specific gravity of solids
Ws = Wt. Of dry soil, g
K2 = 5.531 x 10-3 m= 0.014132779 m= Viscosity of water at the temp. of the test,
ys-yw millipoises
ys = Unit Wt. of soil grains, g/cm3
yw = Unit Wt. of water at the temp.of the test, g/cm3
 Sieve Analysis (ASTM D 136, 422)

Project : Geotechnical soil investigation for Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building Sample ID: BH03
Location: Saptari
Sample from: Building site
Sample Depth: 1.5-3.0 m

GRAVEL SAND
Unified Soil Classification COBBLES SILT or CLAY
System Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine

A A S H T O Classification GRAVEL SAND SILT CLAY

BOULDERS Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Fine

GRAVEL SAND
ASTM Classification BOULDER COBBLE SILT CLAY
Coarse Fine Coarse Medium Fine

BS GRAVEL SAND SILT

BOULDERS COBBLE CLAY
Classification Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Medium Fine Coarse Medium Fine

100

90

80

70
Percentage passing

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
1000 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001
Particle size mm
 DIRECT SHEAR TEST, ASTM D 3080
Project : Soil Investigation Work of Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building
Location : Khadak Municipality Kalyanpur, Saptari District BH 01
Material Description : sand and Clay Sample ID: 1.5-3.0
Depth(mtr.) : 1.5-3.0
Test No 1 2 3
Wt of Wet Soil + Can g 175 176 173.8 Strain Rate: 0.625mm/min
Wt of Dry Soil + Can g 155 155 155 Least Count of Strain Dial: 0.01mm
Weight of Water g 20 21 18.8 Least Count of Vertical Dial: -
Weight of Container g 12.8 12.3 14 Proving Ring Constant: 0.96 KN/m²
Weight Dry Soil g 142.2 142.7 141
Water Content. W. % 14.1 14.7 13.3

SOIL SPECIMENT MEASUREMENTS

Length, l cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Bredth, b cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Height, h cm. 2.5 2.5 2.5
Plan Area cm2. 36.0 36.0 36.0
Volume cm3 90.0 90.0 90.0
Weight of wet Soil +
g 340.0 340.0 340.0
Container
Weight of dry Soil +
g 150.0 150.0 150.0
Container
Weight of wet Soil g 190.0 190.0 190.0
Wet Unit Weight, Kn/m3 20.7 20.7 20.7
Dry Unit Weight yd =
Kn/m3 18.2 18.1 18.3
100*yT/(100+W)

Normal Load (σn) 50 KN/m2 Normal Load (σn) 100 KN/m2 Normal Load (σn) 200 KN/m2
Strain Dial div Shear Stress Load Reading Shear Stress Load Reading Shear Stress
Load Reading Dial
KN/m2 Dial KN/m2 Dial KN/m2
0.25 18.0 17.28 32 30.7 49.0 47.0
0.50 19.0 18.24 35.0 33.6 51.0 49.0
0.75 20.0 19.2 39.0 37.4 58.0 55.7
1.00 22.0 21.12 47.0 45.1 72.0 69.1
1.25 28.0 26.88 51.0 49.0 79.0 75.8
1.50 30.0 28.8 60.0 57.6 92.0 88.3
1.75 0 0.0 100.0 96.0
2.00 0 0.0 110.0 105.6
2.50 0 0.0 0.0
3.00 0 0.0 0.0
3.50 0 0.0 0.0
4.00 0 0.0 0.0
4.50 0 0.0 0.0
5.00 0 0.0 0.0
5.50 0 0.0 0.0
6.00 0 0.0 0.0
6.50 0 0.0 0.0
7.00 0 0.0 0.0
7.50 0 0.0 0.0
8.00 0 0.0 0.0
8.50 0 0.0 0.0
0 0.0 0.0
Tested By : Checked By:
 DIRECT SHEAR TEST
ASTM D 3080 -98 1.5-3.0

Project : Soil Investigation Work of Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building

Location : Khadak Municipality Kalyanpur, Saptari District
Material Description : sand and Clay Sample ID: 1.5-3.0
Depth(mtr.) : 1.5-3.0

SHEAR STRESS VS NORMAL STRESS

300.0

250.0

200.0
f = Shear Stress kN/m2

150.0

y = 0.5074x + 4.8
100.0

C = 14 KN/m2
50.0 ø = Tan-¹ (23 -14)/160
=

0.0
0 50 100 150 200 250

n = Normal Stress kN/m2

Result:

Angle of Internal friction (f) : 27.0

Cohesion (C) kN/m2 : 4.8
 DIRECT SHEAR TEST, ASTM D 3080
Project : Soil Investigation Work of Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building
Location : Khadak Municipality Kalyanpur, Saptari District BH 02
Material Description : sand and Clay Sample ID: 1.5-3.0
Depth(mtr.) : 1.5-3.0
Test No 1 2 3
Wt of Wet Soil + Can g 303.7 176 173.8 Strain Rate: 0.625mm/min
Wt of Dry Soil + Can g 265 155 155 Least Count of Strain Dial: 0.01mm
Weight of Water g 38.7 21 18.8 Least Count of Vertical Dial: -
Weight of Container g 12.8 12.3 14 Proving Ring Constant: 0.96 KN/m²
Weight Dry Soil g 252.2 142.7 141
Water Content. W. % 15.3 14.7 13.3

SOIL SPECIMENT MEASUREMENTS

Length, l cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Bredth, b cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Height, h cm. 2.5 2.5 2.5
Plan Area cm2. 36.0 36.0 36.0
Volume cm3 90.0 90.0 90.0
Weight of wet Soil +
g 340.0 340.0 340.0
Container
Weight of dry Soil +
g 155.0 155.0 155.0
Container
Weight of wet Soil g 185.0 185.0 185.0
Wet Unit Weight, Kn/m3 20.2 20.2 20.2
Dry Unit Weight yd =
Kn/m3 17.5 17.6 17.8
100*yT/(100+W)

Normal Load (σn) 50 KN/m2 Normal Load (σn) 100 KN/m2 Normal Load (σn) 200 KN/m2
Strain Dial div Shear Stress Load Reading Shear Stress Load Reading Shear Stress
Load Reading Dial
KN/m2 Dial KN/m2 Dial KN/m2
0.25 14.0 13.44 28 26.9 49.0 47.0
0.50 19.0 18.24 33.0 31.7 51.0 49.0
0.75 19.0 18.24 39.0 37.4 58.0 55.7
1.00 22.0 21.12 47.0 45.1 72.0 69.1
1.25 28.0 26.88 52.0 49.9 79.0 75.8
1.50 32.0 30.72 58.0 55.7 92.0 88.3
1.75 0 60.0 57.6 100.0 96.0
2.00 0 0.0 115.0 110.4
2.50 0 0.0 0.0
3.00 0 0.0 0.0
3.50 0 0.0 0.0
4.00 0 0.0 0.0
4.50 0 0.0 0.0
5.00 0 0.0 0.0
5.50 0 0.0 0.0
6.00 0 0.0 0.0
6.50 0 0.0 0.0
7.00 0 0.0 0.0
7.50 0 0.0 0.0
8.00 0 0.0 0.0
8.50 0 0.0 0.0
0 0.0 0.0
Tested By : Checked By:
 DIRECT SHEAR TEST
ASTM D 3080 -98 1.5-3.0

Project : Soil Investigation Work of Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building

Location : Khadak Municipality Kalyanpur, Saptari District
Material Description : sand and Clay Sample ID: 1.5-3.0
Depth(mtr.) : 1.5-3.0

SHEAR STRESS VS NORMAL STRESS

300.0

250.0

200.0
f = Shear Stress kN/m2

150.0

y = 0.5307x + 4.32
100.0

C = 14 KN/m2
50.0 ø = Tan-¹ (23 -14)/160
=

0.0
0 50 100 150 200 250

n = Normal Stress kN/m2

Result:

Angle of Internal friction (f) : 28.0

Cohesion (C) kN/m2 : 4.3
 DIRECT SHEAR TEST, ASTM D 3080
Project : Soil Investigation Work of Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building
Location : Khadak Municipality Kalyanpur, Saptari District Drill Hole: BH 03
Material Description : sand and Clay Sample ID: 1.5-3.0
Depth(mtr.) : 1.5-3.0
Test No 1 2 3
Wt of Wet Soil + Can g 175 176 173.8 Strain Rate: 0.625mm/min
Wt of Dry Soil + Can g 155 155 155 Least Count of Strain Dial: 0.01mm
Weight of Water g 20 21 18.8 Least Count of Vertical Dial: -
Weight of Container g 12.8 12.3 14 Proving Ring Constant: 0.96 KN/m²
Weight Dry Soil g 142.2 142.7 141
Water Content. W. % 14.1 14.7 13.3

SOIL SPECIMENT MEASUREMENTS

Length, l cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Bredth, b cm. 6.0 6.0 6.0
Height, h cm. 2.5 2.5 2.5
Plan Area cm2. 36.0 36.0 36.0
Volume cm3 90.0 90.0 90.0
Weight of wet Soil +
g 340.0 340.0 340.0
Container
Weight of dry Soil +
g 145.0 145.0 145.0
Container
Weight of wet Soil g 195.0 195.0 195.0
Wet Unit Weight, Kn/m3 21.3 21.3 21.3
Dry Unit Weight yd =
Kn/m3 18.6 18.5 18.8
100*yT/(100+W)

Normal Load (σn) 50 KN/m2 Normal Load (σn) 100 KN/m2 Normal Load (σn) 200 KN/m2
Strain Dial div Shear Stress Load Reading Shear Stress Load Reading Shear Stress
Load Reading Dial
KN/m2 Dial KN/m2 Dial KN/m2
0.25 18.0 17.28 32 30.7 49.0 47.0
0.50 19.0 18.24 35.0 33.6 51.0 49.0
0.75 20.0 19.2 39.0 37.4 58.0 55.7
1.00 22.0 21.12 47.0 45.1 72.0 69.1
1.25 28.0 26.88 51.0 49.0 79.0 75.8
1.50 32.0 30.72 58.0 55.7 92.0 88.3
1.75 33.0 31.68 69.0 66.2 100.0 96.0
2.00 0 72.0 69.1 118.0 113.3
2.50 0 0.0 128.0 122.9
3.00 0 0.0 130.0 124.8
3.50 0 0.0 0.0
4.00 0 0.0 0.0
4.50 0 0.0 0.0
5.00 0 0.0 0.0
5.50 0 0.0 0.0
6.00 0 0.0 0.0
6.50 0 0.0 0.0
7.00 0 0.0 0.0
7.50 0 0.0 0.0
8.00 0 0.0 0.0
8.50 0 0.0 0.0
0 0.0 0.0
Tested By : Checked By:
 DIRECT SHEAR TEST
ASTM D 3080 -98 1.5-3.0

Project : Soil Investigation Work of Khadak Municipality Cold storage Building

Location : Khadak Municipality Kalyanpur, Saptari District
Material Description : sand and Clay Sample ID: 1.5-3.0
Depth(mtr.) : 1.5-3.0

SHEAR STRESS VS NORMAL STRESS

300.0

250.0

200.0
f = Shear Stress kN/m2

150.0

y = 0.6117x + 3.84

100.0

C = 14 KN/m2
50.0 ø = Tan-¹ (23 -14)/160
=

0.0
0 50 100 150 200 250

n = Normal Stress kN/m2

Result:

Angle of Internal friction (f) : 31.0

Cohesion (C) kN/m2 : 3.8
ANNEX 3: SITE PHOTOGRAPHS
 Annex -3 Site Photographs

Drilling in progress

Plate7: Sample Recovery Plate:8 Sample Recovery

 Annex -3 Site Photographs

Drilling in Progress Drilling in Progress

Drilling sample Drilling sample